Unit1UnderstandingChineseCultureSecondeditionTheSpringFestivalinChinaReadingA

AroundthetopicLanguageinUseProject

CultureTipsHomeworkLearningtolearnAroundthetopic1YourideasWorkingroupsorpairsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.WhyistheSpringFestivalsoimportantfortheChinesepeople?WhatdoyouusuallydoduringtheSpringFestival?ArethereanyspecialcelebrationactivitiesinyourhometownduringtheSpringFestival?InwhatwaysdoyouthinktheSpringFestivalhaschanged?BACK2Vocabularylunarcalendar陰歷solarcalendar陽(yáng)歷dumplings餃子firecrackers爆竹fireworks焰火SpringFestivalcouplets春聯(lián)NewYear’scake年糕NewYearpictures年畫(huà)reuniondinners團(tuán)圓飯liondance舞獅演出redenvelopes紅包ricedumplings粽子TheLanternFestival元宵節(jié)templefairs廟會(huì)Aroundthetopic3ListeningandspeakingLiMingandSusanarehavingaconversation.Listentotherecordingandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whataretheytalkingabout?HowdidLiMingspendhisholiday?WhatisSusancuriousabout?WhatmakestheSpringFestivaldifferentfromotherholidays?WhatdoChinesepeopledoonNewYear’sEve?listeningscriptsB.SpeakingA.ListeningDoyouagreewithwhatLiMingsaidabouttheSpringFestival?Whatisyouropinionaboutit?Discussthisingroups.Susan:Gladyouareback.Wemissedyouduringthevacation.Howwasyourholiday?LiMing:Itwasfine.Ihadawonderfultimeathome.DuringtheSpringFestivalwevisitedmanyplaces.Wehadaget-togetherwithmanyoldfriends.Susan:TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantholidayinChina,isn’tit?LiMing:Yeah,inChina,theSpringFestivalisthemostimportantholidayoftheyear.Susan:Whatdoyouusuallydotocelebratethisholiday?LiMing:Twoimportantthingsmakethisholidaydifferentfromallothers:givingpresentsandstayingwiththefamily.Susan:Pleasetellmemoreaboutit.scriptsBACKLiMing:Givingpresentstofamilymembersisaverynicecustom.Thespiritbehindthepresentmattersmost,notthepresentitself.Susan:Right,itisnicetoreceiveapresent.LiMing:ItisgoodtoreturntothefamilyhomeattheSpringFestivalandmeetparents,grandparentsandasmanyaunts,unclesandcousinsaspossible.Susan:That’sagoodopportunityforfamilyreunion.LiMing:Yeah,inthepast,onNewYear’sEve,familymemberswillstayathomemakingdumplingstogether.ManypeopleenjoywatchingtheCCTVSpringFestivalGala.TheeveningisusuallyspentwatchingTV,playinggames,talking,eatinganddrinking.Susan:Youmusthavehadalotoffun.LiMing:Yes,that’swhyIalwaysenjoytheSpringFestival.scriptsBACKGoodluckBadluck1.BathinginpomeloleavesonNewYear’sEve2.Buyingapairofshoes3.EatingfishonNewYear’sEve4.Eatingsweets5.Gettingahaircutinthefirstlunarmonth6.HavingthehousecleanedfromtoptobottombeforetheSpringFestival7.Openingwindowsordoors8.SweepingtheflooronthefirstdayoftheSpringFestival9.Talkingaboutdeath10.WearingclothesinblackandwhiteQuizDuringtheSpringFestival,somethingsarebelievedtobringgoodluckforthenewyear,whileotherthingsmightbringbadluck.Readtheitemsinthetablebelowanddecidewhethertheybringgoodluckorbadluck.Whenyoufinish,compareyouranswersinpairs.BACKReadingA

BACK1.Pre-reading

Activities

AChinesestudentistryingtointroducewhathe/sheknowsabouttheSpringFestivaltohis/herforeignfriend.Workinpairs.OneplaysasaChinesestudentandtheotherplaysasaforeigner.Switchtherolesinthenextround.TheSpringFestivalinChina

1

TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalfortheChinesepeople.Itisthetimeforallfamilymemberstogettogether,justlikeChristmasintheWest.Allpeoplelivingawayfromhomegobackanditbecomesthebusiesttimefortransportationsystems.2

TheSpringFestivalfallsonthefirstdayofthefirstlunarmonth,oftenonemonthlaterthantheGregorian2.ReadingComprehensioncalendar.ItoriginatedintheShangDynasty(1600—1046BC)frompeople’ssacrificetogodsandancestorsattheendofanoldyearandthebeginningofanewone.Chineseversionlistening

3ManycustomsaccompanytheSpringFestival.Somearestillfollowedtoday,butothershaveweakened.

4Onthe8thdayofthe12thlunarmonth,manyfamiliesmakelabaporridge,akindofdeliciousporridgemadewithatleasteighttypeofcornandfruit.

5The23rddayofthe12thlunarmonthiscalledPreliminaryEve.Atthistime,peopleoffersacrificeto2.ReadingComprehensiontheKitchenGod.Nowhowever,mostfamiliesmakedeliciousfoodtoenjoythemselves.AfterPreliminaryEve,peoplebeginpreparingforthecomingNewYear.Thisiscalled“SeeingtheNewYearin”.Chineseversionlistening

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BeforetheNewYearcomes,peoplecleantheindoorsandoutdoorsoftheirhomescompletelyaswellastheirclothes,bedroomsandalltheirutensils.2.ReadingComprehension7Thenpeoplebegindecoratingtheircleanroomsfeaturinganatmosphereofrejoicingandfestivity.AllthedoorswillbepastedwithSpringFestivalcouplets,highlightingChinesecalligraphywithblackcharactersonredpaper.ThecontentvariesfromwishesforabrightfuturetogoodluckfortheNewYear.Also,picturesofdoorgodsandGodsofWealthwillbepostedonthefrontdoortowardoffevilspiritsandwelcomepeaceandabundance.Chineseversionlistening

8TheChinesecharacterfu(meaningblessingorhappiness)isamust.Thecharacterputonpapercanbepastednormallyorupsidedown,forinChinesethereversed

fuissimilarto“fucomes”,bothbeingpronouncedasfudaole.What’smore,twobigredlanternscamberaisedonbothsidesofthefrontdoor.ChinesepapercuttingscanbeseenonwindowsandbrightlycolouredNewYearpictureswithauspiciousmeaningsmaybeputonthewall.2.ReadingComprehensionChineseversionlistening

9PeopleattachgreatimportancetoNewYear’sEve.Atthattime,allfamilymemberseatdinnertogether.Themealismoreluxuriousthanusual.Dishessuchaschicken,fishandbeancurdcannotbeexcluded,forinChinese,thepronunciationofthenames,ji,yu,anddoufu,respectivelymeanauspicious,abundanceandrichness.Afterdinner,thewholefamilywillsittogether,chattingandwatchingTV.Inrecentyears,theSpringFestivalGalabroadcastonChinaCentralTelevisionStation(CCTV)isessentialentertainment2.ReadingComprehensionfortheChinesebothathomeandabroad.Accordingtothecustom,eachfamilywillstayuptoseetheNewYearin.Chineseversionlistening

10AfterwakinguponNewYear’sDay,everybodydressesup.Firsttheyextendgreetingstotheirparents.TheneachchildwillgetmoneyasaNewYeargift,containedinaredenvelope.PeopleinnorthernChinawilleatjiaozi,ordumplings,forbreakfast,astheythinkthenamejiaozisoundslike“biddingfarewelltotheoldandusheringinthenew”.Also,theshapeofthedumplingislikegoldingotfromancientChina.Sopeopleeatthemandwishformoneyandtreasure.SouthernChineseeatniangao(NewYear’scakemadeofglutinousriceflour)onthisoccasion,becauseniangaomeans“higherandhigher,oneyearafteranother”.2.ReadingComprehensionChineseversionlistening

11SettingthefireworksisthemosttypicalcustomatSpringFestival.Peoplethinktheexplodingsoundcanhelpdriveawayevilspirits.However,inbigcitiessuchanactivityislimitednowadaystocertainareasandtimeasthegovernmenttakessecurity,noiseandpollutionfactorsintoconsideration.12Thelivelyatmospherenotonlyfillseveryhousehold,butpermeatesthestreetsandlanes.Aseriesofactivitiessuchasliondances,dragonlanterndances,andtemplefairswillbeheldfordays.2.ReadingComprehensionChineseversionlistening13TheLanternFestivalonthe15thofthefirstlunarmonthmarksthelastdayoftheSpringFestival.Onthisday,decorativelanternsarehungoutforpeopletoappreciate.Guessinglanternriddlesisanessentialpartofthefestival.Besidesentertainmentandbeautifullanterns,anotherimportantpartoftheLanternFestivaliseatingyuanxiao.Yuanxiaoisroundinshapeandsymbolisesfamilytogetherness.2.ReadingComprehensionChineseversionlisteningWords&Expressions2.ReadingComprehension1.lunaradj.relatingtothemoone.g.Thestudiesofthelunarsurfacehaveachievedinterestingresults.BACKWords&Expressions2.ReadingComprehension2.pastev.tostickpapertoasurfaceusinggluee.g.Anoticehasbeenpastedtothedoor.Shepastedthepicturesintoascrapbook.BACKWords&Expressions2.ReadingComprehension3.wardofftodosomethingtopreventsomethingbad,suchasillness,danger,orattackfromharmingyoue.g.Shecarriedaknifetowardoffattacks.BACKWords&Expressions2.ReadingComprehension4.

abundancen.alargequantityofsomethinge.g.Theyplantedflowersingreatabundanceinthisarea.Atthepartytherewasfoodanddrinkin

abundance.BACKWords&Expressions2.ReadingComprehension5.reversev.tochangeroundtheusualorderofthepartsofsomethinge.g.Theimageonthescreenwasreversedandupsidedown.BACK6.auspiciousadj.likelytobesuccessfule.g.Thepublicationofmyfirstbookwasan

auspiciousbeginningofmycareer.Words&Expressions2.ReadingComprehension7.bidv.toutter(agreetingorfarewell)toe.g.Hebademegoodmorningashepassed.Thisisachancetobid

farewelltotheirpresidentandwelcomethenewman.BACKWords&Expressions2.ReadingComprehension8.usherin

tobethestartofsomethingnewe.g.Thediscoveryofoilusheredinaneraofemploymentandprosperity.

BACKWords&Expressions2.ReadingComprehension9.permeatev.1)tospreadthroughoutsomething;topervadee.g.Thesmellpermeatedthehouse.2)tobepresentineverypartandhaveaneffectonallofite.g.Thebanquetwaspermeatedwithanatmosphereoffriendship.BACK2.ReadingComprehension1正如西方圣誕節(jié)一樣，對(duì)于中國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)，春節(jié)是最主要節(jié)日并已然成為家人團(tuán)聚主要時(shí)刻。全部遠(yuǎn)離故鄉(xiāng)人都會(huì)回家，而春節(jié)也成為交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)最為繁忙時(shí)間。2春節(jié)適逢正月初一，通常要比陽(yáng)歷晚一個(gè)月。它起源于商朝（約公元前16—公元前1046年）時(shí)人們?cè)谀昴q初對(duì)神和祖先獻(xiàn)祭。中國(guó)春節(jié)BACK2.ReadingComprehension3春節(jié)有很多習(xí)俗。其中一些習(xí)俗沿用至今，有些習(xí)俗則逐步弱化。

4

在臘月初八這一天，很多家庭都會(huì)做臘八粥，這是一個(gè)最少由八種谷物蔬果做成美味可口粥。

5

臘月23日叫做小年。在這一天，人們要準(zhǔn)備祭品祭奠灶神。然而現(xiàn)在，多數(shù)家庭都只是做頓美味佳肴，犒勞一下自己。過(guò)了小年，人們就開(kāi)始為即將到來(lái)新年作準(zhǔn)備了，這就是所謂“迎新年”。BACK

6在新年到來(lái)之前，人們要將屋里屋外徹底清掃一遍，還要清洗衣服、床單和各種器皿。

7然后人們裝飾清掃一新房子，營(yíng)造歡樂(lè)氣氛。全部門(mén)上都會(huì)貼上春聯(lián)，紅紙黑字中國(guó)書(shū)法異常顯眼。春聯(lián)內(nèi)容依據(jù)主人對(duì)美好未來(lái)憧憬以及對(duì)明年好運(yùn)期盼而有所改變。一樣，前門(mén)上還會(huì)貼上門(mén)神與財(cái)神來(lái)辟邪和迎接平安與富足。2.ReadingComprehensionBACK2.ReadingComprehension

8漢語(yǔ)“?！弊郑ㄒ馕吨８?、幸福）是必不可少。印在紙上這個(gè)字能夠正著貼也能夠倒著貼，因?yàn)樵跐h語(yǔ)中，“福倒了”和“福到了”同音，它們讀音都是fudaole。另外，能夠?qū)蓚€(gè)大紅燈籠掛在前門(mén)兩邊。窗戶玻璃上能夠貼上紅色剪紙，墻壁上也能夠貼上顏色鮮艷、內(nèi)容吉祥年畫(huà)。BACK2.ReadingComprehensionBACK9人們非常重視除夕夜。這天晚上，全部家庭組員一起吃晚飯。這頓飯比起以往要更豐盛。像雞、魚(yú)和豆腐這些菜是必不可少，因?yàn)樗鼈儩h字發(fā)音分別是ji、yu和doufu，寓意為吉祥、充裕和富有。飯后，全家人會(huì)坐在一起，聊天、看電視。近年來(lái)，中國(guó)中央電視臺(tái)（CCTV）播出春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會(huì)已經(jīng)成為國(guó)內(nèi)外中國(guó)人必不可少娛樂(lè)節(jié)目。依據(jù)習(xí)俗，每個(gè)家庭都會(huì)熬夜迎接新一年到來(lái)。2.ReadingComprehensionBACK

10初一早上醒來(lái)，每個(gè)人都會(huì)精心打扮。首先，他們會(huì)給父母拜年。然后每個(gè)孩子將會(huì)得到包在紅紙里壓歲錢作為新年禮品。中國(guó)北方人早餐會(huì)吃餃子，因?yàn)樗麄冋J(rèn)為“餃子”聽(tīng)起來(lái)意味著“辭舊迎新”。另外，餃子形狀像古代中國(guó)金元寶，所以人們吃餃子期盼取得金錢和財(cái)富。中國(guó)南方人在這一場(chǎng)所下會(huì)吃年糕（用糯米粉做成），因?yàn)槟旮庖馕吨澳陱?fù)一年，步步高升”。2.ReadingComprehensionBACK11放鞭炮是春節(jié)最經(jīng)典風(fēng)俗。人們認(rèn)為噼里啪啦聲音能夠辟邪。然而，因?yàn)檎紤]到安全、噪音以及污染等原因，現(xiàn)在在大城市里，放鞭炮有特定區(qū)域和指定時(shí)間段限制。

12熱鬧氣氛不但充溢著每家每戶，還遍布街頭巷尾。一系列活動(dòng)像舞獅、龍燈舞和廟會(huì)將舉行好多天。

13正月十五日元宵節(jié)標(biāo)志著春節(jié)最終一天。這一天，人們能夠觀賞到裝飾一新花燈。猜燈謎也是元宵節(jié)不可或缺活動(dòng)。除了娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)和觀賞花燈，元宵節(jié)另外一個(gè)主要部分就是吃元宵。元宵是圓形，象征著合家團(tuán)圓。2.ReadingComprehensionBACK2.ReadingcomprehensionA.Answerthefollowingquestions.

1.

WhatistheoriginoftheSpringFestivalinChina?

ItoriginatedintheShangDynastyfrompeople’ssacrificetogodsandancestorsattheendofanoldyearandthebeginningofanewone.2.Whatdopeopledoonthe23rdofthe12thlunarmonth?

PeopleoffersacrificetotheKitchenGod.3.Whyisthecharacterfusometimespastedupsidedown?

BecauseinChinesethereversedfuissimilarto“fucomes”,bothbeingpronouncedasfudaole.4.WhatisthemealonNewYear’sEvelike?

BACKThemealismoreluxuriousthanusual.Dishessuchaschicken,fishandbeancurdcannotbeexcluded.2.ReadingcomprehensionA.Answerthefollowingquestions.

5.WhatdopeopledofirstuponwakinguponNewYear’sDay?

WakinguponNewYear’sDay,peopleextendgreetingstotheirparents.6.WhymustpeopleinnorthernChaineatdumplingsonNewYear’sDay?

Becausejiaoziinsoundmeans“biddingfarewelltotheoldandusheringinthenew”.Also,theshapeofthedumplingislikegoldingotfromancientChina.Sopeopleeatthemandwishformoneyandtreasure.7.WhydopeoplesetofffireworksattheSpringFestival?

Becausepeoplethinkthesplutteringsoundcouldhelpdriveawayevilspirits.8.WhatisthetraditionoftheLanternFestival?BACKOntheLanternFestival,peoplewillappreciatedecorativelanternsandguesslanternriddles.Besidesentertainmentandlanterns,peoplewilleatyuanxiao.2.ReadingcomprehensionBACKB.WhatisthesignificanceofthefollowingthingsduringtheSpringFestival?SpringFestivalcouplets:toaddanatmosphereofrejoicingandfestivity,expressinghouseowners’wishesforabrightfutureandgoodluckfortheNewYearChinesepapercuttings:toexpressauspiciousmeaningspicturesofdoorgods:towardoffevilspiritsandwelcomepeaceandabundancechicken:auspiciousnessfish:abundancebeancurd:richnessniangao:higherandhigher,oneyearafteranotherA.Workoutthemeaningsoftheunderlinedwordswiththehelpofthecontent.1.ManycustomsaccompanytheSpringFestival.2.Nowhowever,mostfamiliesmakedeliciousfoodtoenjoythemselves.3.Also,picturesofdoorgodsandGodsofWealthwillbepostedonthefrontdoortowardoffevilspirits…4.TheChinesecharacterfu(meaningblessingorhappiness)isamust.3.Vocabularyandstructuretogowithverypleasanttotasteorsmelltodosomethingtopreventsomethingsuchasanillness,danger,orattackfromharmingyousomethingthatyoumustdoormusthave5.Themealismoreluxuriousthanusual.6.Accordingtothecustom,eachfamilywillstayuptoseetheNewYearin.7.Peoplethinktheexplodingsoundcanhelpdriveawayevilspirits.8.Inrecentyears,theSpringFestivalGalabroadcastonChinaCentralTelevisionStation(CCTV)isessentialentertainment…3.VocabularyandstructureA.Workoutthemeaningsoftheunderlinedwordswiththehelpofthecontent.extremelycomfortable,elegant,orenjoyable,especiallyinawaythatinvolvesgreatexpensetonotgotobedatthetimeyouwouldnormallydotomakeaveryloudnoiseextremelyimportantandnecessarysacrificerejoicepasteabundanceauspiciousbidusherpermeate3.VocabularyandstructureB.Fillintheblankswiththewordsbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Theyearofthedragonisconsidered____________inChina.2.Therewasgreat___________atthevictory.3.Thediscoveryofoil___________inaneraofemploymentandprosperity.4.Beforethebattle,thecommandersorderedthe__________oftwobullockstotheGodofWar.5.Sunlightstreamedintothechurchandthroughthestainedglasswindows,andasmellofgrassandflowers_________theair.6.Thisisachanceto_________farewelltotheirpresidentandwelcomethenewman.7.Thecountryisveryrichbecauseithasa(n)_________ofnaturalresources.8.Youcanmakeplanesoutofit,_________itonwallsandwindows,andcoloritoruseitforbookmarks.auspiciousrejoicingusheredsacrificepermeatedbidabundancepasteplaymakewritebuybreak3.VocabularyandstructureC.Completeeachpairofthesentenceswiththecorrectformofthesameverb,oneasapresentparticiple(-ing)andtheotherasapastparticiple(-ed).Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Ihurtmylegplayingfootball.Bridgeisacardgameplayedbyfourpeople.Thereisalabel“_______inJapan”onmycamera.Ihaveajobinacafé_______sandwiches.I’vespentthewholemorning___________anessay.Onthewallweresomescratches___________inbigletters.Goods__________inthesalescannotberefunded.I’vespentallmymoney__________Christmaspresents.Thepolicecaughttheburglar________intoahouse.Careful!There’salotof_________glassonthefloor.mademakingwritingwrittenboughtbuyingbreakingbrokenLanguageinUseGrammarDevelopmentVocabularyBuildingBACKPresentparticiplesusedasadverbials2.GrammarDevelopment

Englishhastwotypesofparticiples:thepresentparticipleandthepastparticiple.Thepresentparticipleisformedbyaddingthesuffix“-ing”tothebaseformoftheverb.Presentparticiplesusedasadverbials2.GrammarDevelopmentA.Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingthepresentparticiple.

1.Whenthestrangersawthedooropen,heenteredthehouse.

Seeingthedooropen,thestrangerenteredthehouse.2.AsTomwasathletic,hefoundtheclimbquiteeasy.Beingathletic,Tomfoundtheclimbquiteeasy.3.Iranforthebus,trippedandfell.

Runningforthebus,Itrippedandfell.4.Ifweaskaquestion,weshouldgetananswer.

Askingaquestion,weshouldgetananswer.5.Althoughhelivedmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.

Althoughlivingmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.Grammartips現(xiàn)在分詞所表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞用普通式。比如：Preparingalongspeechforthepresident,thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight.

現(xiàn)在分詞所表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞用完成式。比如：Havingfinishedhishomework,theboywentouttoplayfootball.2.GrammarDevelopmentWordPairs

Wordpairs,alsoknownasbinomials,refertoapairorgroupofwordsthatareusedtogetherasanidiomaticexpressionorcollocation,usuallyjoinedbythewordsand

oror,andtheorderoftheelementscannotbechanged.Theexpressiontakeitor

leaveit

isanexampleofbinomialpair.Abinomialpairhasasingle,distinctivemeaning.3.VocabularyBuildingPlanningaChineseNewYearpartyProject

BACKProject

Step1VocabularyThinkaboutwhatyouwouldneedtodoinplanningaChineseNewYearparty.Makealistandcheckanynewwordsinadictionary.

Project

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Step2TalktoyourneighbourSupposeyouareinvitingaforeignfriendtospendtheChineseNewYearwithyourfamily.Talktoyourpartneraboutyourplans.BrainstormhowtoexplainsometypicalChineseNewYeartraditionstotheforeigner.Project

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Step3Role-playYourforeignfriendspendstheNewYearwithyourfamily.Practisewithyourpartnerconversationsbetweenyouandtheforeigner,takingturnstobetheforeigner.Project

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Step4WriteaparagraphWriteaparagraphdescribingChineseNewYeartraditions.Usesomeoftheexpressionsyouhavelearned.Project

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Step5ShoweachotheryourwritingPutyourtextsonthewallandwalkaroundtheclasstoread