住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-浙江工商大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

These99pearlsandjewelsareworthalotofmoney,（

）andcollectively.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.individually

B.independently

C.irrespectively

D.separately

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)individually“單獨(dú)的，單個(gè)的”；B選項(xiàng)independently“獨(dú)立的，自立的”；C選項(xiàng)irrespectively“無(wú)關(guān)地，不考慮地”；D選項(xiàng)separately“分別地；分離地”。填入一個(gè)意義與collectively“全體地”相反的副詞做狀語(yǔ)，individually“單獨(dú)的，單個(gè)的”最合適，句意為：這99顆珍珠和寶石，單個(gè)和加在一起，都值很多錢。故答案選A。

2.單選題

Ourarmysucceededin（

）theadvancingenemy.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.retrieving

B.revenging

C.resenting

D.repelling

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)retrieve“檢索，恢復(fù)”；B選項(xiàng)revenge“報(bào)復(fù)，替復(fù)仇”；C選項(xiàng)resent“怨恨，憤恨”；D選項(xiàng)repel“擊退，抵制”。由關(guān)鍵詞“ourarmy”和“theadvancingenemy前進(jìn)的敵軍”，可知空格部分意思可能為“擊退，打退”，句意為：我軍成功擊退前進(jìn)的敵軍。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.單選題

Auctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heaskedthecrowdtogatherintheauctionroomtobidforvariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.

TheancientRomansprobablyinventedsalesbyauctionandtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinAutcio,meaning“increase”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled“subhasta”,meaning“underthespear”,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold“bythecandle”;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.

Practicallyallgoodscanbesoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,hides,skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,fruit,vegetablesandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty,antiquefurniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandworksofart.TheauctionroomsatChristie’sandSotheby’sinLondonandNewYorkareworldfamous.

Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbythebuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“l(fā)ot”,isusuallygivenanumber.Theauctioneerneednotbeginwithlotoneandcontinuethenumericalorder;hemaywaituntilhenoticesthefactthatcertainbuyersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebidding.

1.Auctionedgoodsaresold（

）.

2.Theendofbiddingiscalled“knockingdown”because（

）.

3.Inthesentence“TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar,”theword“spoils”mostprobablymeans（

）.

4.InEnglandacandleusedtoburnatauctionsales（

）.

5.Anauctioncataloguegivesbuyers（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.atfixedprices

B.atpriceslowerthantheirtruevalue

C.forthehighestpriceoffered

D.atpricesofferedbytheauctioneer

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theauctioneerknocksonthetable

B.thegoodsareknockeddownontothetable

C.theauctioneerbangsthetablewithahammer

D.theauctioneernamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.uselessgoods

B.spears

C.variouskindsoffood

D.propertytakenfromtheenemy

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.tolimitthetimewhenoffersofpricescouldbemade

B.becausetheauctionsalestookplaceatnight

C.asasignalforthecrowdtogather

D.tokeeptheauctionroomwarm

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoods

B.theorderinwhichgoodsaretobesold

C.freeadmissiontotheauctionsale

D.detailsofthegoodstobesold

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段“Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfiguresandfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.他鼓勵(lì)買家出更高的價(jià)格，并最終將出價(jià)最高者稱作商品的買主?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xC。

2.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第一段“Thisiscalled‘knockingdown’thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerbangsasmallhammeronaraisedplatform.這被稱為‘擊倒’貨物，當(dāng)拍賣人在一個(gè)凸起的臺(tái)子上敲擊小錘子時(shí)，競(jìng)拍就結(jié)束了?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xC。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】語(yǔ)義推測(cè)題。定位到文章第二段“TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythespoilstakeninwar;thesesaleswerecalled‘subhasta’,meaning‘underthespear’,aspearbeingstuckinthegroundasasignalforacrowdtogather.羅馬人通常以這種方式出售戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的戰(zhàn)利品；這些銷售被稱為‘subhasta’，意思是‘在長(zhǎng)矛下’，一根長(zhǎng)矛被卡在地上，作為一種信號(hào)，讓人群聚集起來(lái)?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xD。

4.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段“InEnglandintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturiesgoodswereoftensold‘bythecandle’;ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneerandbidscouldbemadewhileitwasburning.在18世紀(jì)和19世紀(jì)的英國(guó)，商品經(jīng)常被‘以燒蠟燭定時(shí)限’出售；拍賣師點(diǎn)燃了一支短蠟燭，在燃燒的時(shí)候可以進(jìn)行投標(biāo)?！庇纱丝芍鸢高xA。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda‘lot’,isusuallygivenanumber.如果廣告不能提供完整的細(xì)節(jié)，商品目錄就會(huì)被打印出來(lái)，并且每一組被稱為“批次”的商品，通常會(huì)被給出一個(gè)數(shù)字?！庇纱丝赏浦夸浱峁┝素浳锏脑斍?，故答案選D。

4.單選題

He（

）hishead,wonderinghowtosolvetheproblem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.scratched

B.screwed

C.scraped

D.scrapped

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scratch“（用手）撓頭”；B選項(xiàng)screw“用（螺絲釘）釘住”；C選項(xiàng)scrape“刮，擦”；D選項(xiàng)scrap“拋棄，廢棄”，根據(jù)空格后面作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)鍵詞“head頭”，可知這里填入的單詞要符合句子語(yǔ)境意思“想著怎么解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題”，故空格單詞意思應(yīng)該為“（用手）撓頭”，句意為：他抓了抓頭，想著怎么解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.翻譯題

Theideathataquickrecessionwouldpurgetheworldofpastexcessesisludicrous.Thedangeris,instead,ofaslump,asamountainofprivatedebt—intheUS,equaltothreetimesGDP—topplesoverintomassbankruptcy.Thedownwardspiralwouldbeginwithfurtherdecayoffinancialsystemsandproceedviapervasivemistrust,thevanishingofcredit,closureofvastnumbersofbusinesses,soaringunemployment,tumblingcommodityprices,cascadingdeclinesinassetpricesandsoaringrepossessions.Globalizationwouldspreadthecatastropheeverywhere.

【答案】

一個(gè)快速的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退將會(huì)消除世界的無(wú)節(jié)制的想法是荒謬的。相反，隨著大量私人債務(wù)（如在美國(guó)大量的私人債務(wù)等于美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的3倍）坍塌為大規(guī)模破產(chǎn)，這種危險(xiǎn)就是衰退。隨著金融體系進(jìn)一步衰退，螺旋式下跌將會(huì)開(kāi)始，然后通過(guò)遍布的不信任、信譽(yù)的消失、大量企業(yè)的倒閉、不斷上升的失業(yè)率、大宗商品價(jià)格暴跌、資產(chǎn)價(jià)格狂跌和飆升的收回資產(chǎn)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。全球化將會(huì)將這個(gè)大災(zāi)難擴(kuò)散到全球所有地方。

6.翻譯題

30多年來(lái)，外商直接投資的引入不僅帶來(lái)了資金，更帶來(lái)了先進(jìn)的技術(shù)設(shè)備、管理和經(jīng)營(yíng)理念，有力地促進(jìn)了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)制度、技術(shù)和管理創(chuàng)新。正因如此，我們?cè)诮衲?月公開(kāi)征求意見(jiàn)，對(duì)“自主創(chuàng)新”產(chǎn)品的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了調(diào)整，上述結(jié)果說(shuō)明，所有外國(guó)企業(yè)都得到了一視同仁的對(duì)待，他們的產(chǎn)品被視為“中國(guó)制造”，和中國(guó)企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品適用同樣的原產(chǎn)地規(guī)則。自從加入世界貿(mào)易組織以來(lái)，中國(guó)不斷降低外資準(zhǔn)入門檻。1997年以來(lái)，我們4次修訂《外商投資產(chǎn)業(yè)指導(dǎo)目錄》。

(參考詞匯：self-dependentinnovative:consultation;rulesoforigin;entrythreshold)

【答案】

Overthelastthreedecades,foreigndirectinvestmenthasbroughtcapital,advancedtechnologiesandbusinessknow-howtoChina.WeunderstandthatFDIfostersinnovation.Thatiswhy,inApril,weheldapublicconsultationtoreviewthecriteriaweusetoaccredit“self-dependentinnovativeproducts”.Theresultsemphasizedthatallforeignenterprisesaregivenequaltreatmentandthatalltheirproductsareconsideredtobe“madeinChina”,whilethesamerulesoforiginareappliedtothemastoChineseproducts.SincejoiningtheWorldTradeOrganization,Chinahascontinuallyloweredtheentrythresholdforforeigninvestment.Since1997,wehaverevisedtheCatalogueofIndustriesforForeignInvestmentGuidancefourtimes.

7.單選題

Itwas（

）thattherestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.addicted

B.assaulted

C.alleged

D.ascribed

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)addict“使沉迷”；B選項(xiàng)assault“攻擊、襲擊”；C選項(xiàng)allege“宣稱，斷言”；D選項(xiàng)ascribe“歸于”。這里重點(diǎn)考查的是固定搭配itisallegedthat意思是“據(jù)指稱，有人稱”。根據(jù)從句部分“therestaurantdiscriminatedagainstblackcustomers”可知空格部分意思為“據(jù)說(shuō)，據(jù)稱”，句意為：據(jù)說(shuō)這家旅店歧視黑人顧客。選項(xiàng)C符合句子語(yǔ)境意思。

8.單選題

AlanPattonfoundthatinsuchaquick-fixedsociety,somepeopleevendon’tbothertoreadamasterpiece（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inthedetail

B.inthedetails

C.indetail

D.indetails

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。C選項(xiàng)indetail“詳細(xì)地”，介詞短語(yǔ)能做狀語(yǔ)；D選項(xiàng)indetails“逐個(gè)地”，一般和動(dòng)詞搭配使用，表示一部分一部分地處理。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“bothertoreadamasterpiece辛苦地去讀著作”，可知空格部分indetail符合題意，句意為：阿蘭?帕頓發(fā)現(xiàn)在這樣一個(gè)快節(jié)奏的社會(huì)，一些人甚至懶得詳細(xì)地去讀某部著作。故正確答案選C。

9.單選題

Thetaxi-driver（

）aboutourluggageandseemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.grieved

B.groaned

C.grumbled

D.growled

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)grieve“使悲傷，使苦惱”；B選項(xiàng)groan“呻吟；抱怨”；C選項(xiàng)grumble“抱怨，嘟囔”；D選項(xiàng)growl“咆哮”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格部分是和后面seem并列的謂語(yǔ)部分，根據(jù)“seemedtobeinathoroughlybadtemper看起來(lái)脾氣很壞”可知空格部分單詞意思為“對(duì)……嘟囔”，句意為：的士司機(jī)抱怨我們的行李，看起來(lái)脾氣非常壞。答案C與之意思接近。

10.單選題

Theirdiplomaticprinciplescompletelylaidbaretheir（

）forworldconquest.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.admiration

B.ambition

C.administration

D.orientation

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)admiration“羨慕”；B選項(xiàng)ambition“野心、企圖”；C選項(xiàng)administration“管理、行政”；D選項(xiàng)orientation“方向、定位”。句子的主語(yǔ)是diplomaticprinciples“外交政策”，laysth.bare是一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)，意思為“顯示，揭露”的意思。由此可知，空格部分單詞意思應(yīng)該為“野心，企圖”，句意為：他們的外交政策徹底暴露出他們征服世界的企圖。正確答案選B。

11.單選題

Mr.Taylorfeltvery（

）atthesuggestionthathehadstolenthecar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.impatient

B.indigenous

C.intolerant

D.indignant

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查同形詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)impatient“不耐煩的”；B選項(xiàng)indigenous“本土的”；C選項(xiàng)intolerant“狹隘的”；D選項(xiàng)indignant“憤怒的”；根據(jù)題干“有人說(shuō)泰勒先生偷了那輛車”，可知泰勒先生會(huì)覺(jué)得indignant“憤怒的”。故正確答案選D。

12.翻譯題

Whenproprietaryinformationisaconcern,rememberthatnondisclosureagreementsmaybeapartofone’sspecifications,andthatfirmsmaybeevaluatedbasedontheircompliance.Whilevitaltechnologiesandproductdevelopmentplansmustbeprotected,foreignsourcingpartnersmusthaveadequateinformationtoenablethemtoperformtospecifications.Iftheinformationissimplytoosensitivetoshare,thatmaybeanargumentformakingthe“make”decisionratherthan“buy”inconsideringoutsourcingattheoutset.

【答案】

當(dāng)涉及到專有信息時(shí)，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)記：保密協(xié)議可作為個(gè)人規(guī)范的一部分，并可基于協(xié)議的遵守情況評(píng)估公司。盡管關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品研發(fā)計(jì)劃必須受到保護(hù)，但是國(guó)外的采購(gòu)合作商也必須擁有足夠的信息才能按照規(guī)格操作。如果這些信息太敏感而無(wú)法共享，這可能說(shuō)明，在開(kāi)始考慮外包時(shí)，需做出“制造”而不是“購(gòu)買”的決定。

13.翻譯題

Currently,Chinaisinthemidstofachallengingtransition.Arapidlyagingpopulation,increasingdebt,anddecliningreturnsonfixedassetinvestmentplacenewburdensontheeconomy.Becauseofaging,thelaborforceisexpectedtopeakthisyearandbeginalongdeclinethatcouldreduceitssizeby16percentby2050.By2030,China’sdependencyratio—thepercentageofthepopulationthatisnotinthelaborforce(mostlytheelderlyandchildren)—willreach47percent.Thisisfarsooner,intermsofGDPpercapita,thanincountriessuchasJapanortheUnitedStates.

【答案】

目前，中國(guó)正處于一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的轉(zhuǎn)型階段。人口老齡化的迅速增長(zhǎng)、不斷增加的債務(wù)以及固定資產(chǎn)投資回報(bào)率的下降給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)了新的負(fù)擔(dān)。由于人口老齡化，中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力總量預(yù)期今年達(dá)到最高峰，然后開(kāi)始一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期的減少，而到2050年中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力規(guī)?？赡軠p少16%。到2030年，中國(guó)的撫養(yǎng)比率——即不屬于勞動(dòng)力的人口百分比（主要是老年人和兒童）將達(dá)到47%。而中國(guó)人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的減少會(huì)比日本或美國(guó)等國(guó)家出現(xiàn)得早很多。

14.單選題

Thetwoimportant（

）inmakingacakeareflourandsugar.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.elements

B.components

C.ingredients

D.constituents

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】名詞辨析題。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“成分，某物的組成部分”之意。A選項(xiàng)element“元素，要素”；B選項(xiàng)component“配件、要素”，機(jī)械的原件或者是組裝配件；C選項(xiàng)ingredient“原料、原材料”，指烹調(diào)用的事物配料；D選項(xiàng)constituent“成份、選民”，指的是整體中不可缺少的部分。由空格后介詞后面的關(guān)鍵詞“makingacake制作蛋糕”和“flourandsugar面粉與糖”，可知空格部分關(guān)鍵詞為“原料”，句意為：制作蛋糕的兩個(gè)重要的原料是面粉與糖。故正確答案選C。

15.單選題

WhenSarahandI（

）

onanarticlefortheschoolnewspaper,wefounditdifficulttoworktogether.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compiled

B.gathered

C.collaborated

D.collected

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)compile“編輯”；B選項(xiàng)gather“聚集、收集”；C選項(xiàng)collaborate“合作、協(xié)作”；D選項(xiàng)collect“收集、收藏”，從句中關(guān)鍵詞“worktogether一起工作”可聯(lián)系到collaborate“合作、協(xié)作”，句意為：當(dāng)莎拉和我為校報(bào)合作寫一篇文章時(shí)，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一起工作是很困難的。故正確答案選C。

16.單選題

Somestudiesconfirmedthatthiskindofeyediseasewas（

）intropicalcountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prospective

B.prevalent

C.provocative

D.perpetual

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)prospective“未來(lái)的、預(yù)期的”；B選項(xiàng)prevalent“流行的、普遍的”；C選項(xiàng)provocative“刺激的、挑撥的”；D選項(xiàng)perpetual“永久的、永遠(yuǎn)的”，從句中關(guān)鍵詞“eyedisease眼疾，tropicalcountries熱帶國(guó)家”可聯(lián)系到prevalent“流行的、普遍的”。句意為：一些研究證實(shí)這種眼疾在熱帶國(guó)家很普遍。故正確答案選B。

17.單選題

TheGymnasiumwas（

）byApril2014,butnowthewallwasstillnowhereinsight.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tobecompleted

B.tocomplete

C.tohavecompleted

D.tohavebeencompleted

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。這里考查的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式的用法。選項(xiàng)A是不定式結(jié)構(gòu)的被動(dòng)形式，表示被動(dòng)或是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)B是不定式的一般式，和句中的主語(yǔ)形成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。選項(xiàng)C是不定式的完成式，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生。選項(xiàng)D表示不定式的完成式，并且含有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示動(dòng)賓關(guān)系兼完成狀態(tài)。分析文章語(yǔ)義“體育館2014年4月建成”了，選項(xiàng)D為最佳答案。

18.單選題

Seventeenth-centuryhousesincolonialNorthAmericaweresimplestructuresthatwereprimarilyfunctionalcarryingovertraditionaldesignsthatwentbacktotheMiddleAges.Duringthefirsthalfoftheeighteenthcentury,however,housesbegantoshowanewelegance.Aswealthincrease,moreandmorecolonistsbuiltfinehouse.

Sincearchitecturewasnotyetaspecializedprofessioninthecolonies,thedesignofbuildingswaslefteithertoamateurdesignersortocarpenterswhoundertooktointerpretarchitecturalmanualsimportedfromEngland.Inventoriesofcoloniallibrariesshowanastonishingnumberofthesehandbooksforbuilders,andthehouseserectedduringtheeighteenthcenturyshowtheirinfluence.Nevertheless,mostdomesticarchitectureofthefirstthree-quartersoftheeighteenthcenturydisplaysawidedivergenceoftasteandfreedomofapplicationoftheruleslaiddowninthesebooks.

Increasingwealthandgrowingsophisticationthroughoutthecoloniesresultedinhousesofimproveddesign,whetherthematerialwaswood,stone,orbrick.NewEnglandstillfavoredwood,thoughbrickhousesbecamecommoninBostonandothertowns,wherethedangeroffiregaveanimpetustotheuseofmoredurablematerial.AfewhousesinNewEnglandwerebuiltofstone,butonlyinPennsylvaniaandadjacentareaswasstonewidelyusedindwellings.AnincreaseduseofbrickinhousedandoutbuildingsisnoticeableinVirginiaandMaryland,butwoodremainedthatmostpopularmaterialeveninhousesbuiltbywealthylandowners.IntheCarolinas,evenincloselypackedCharleston,woodenhousesweremuchmorecommonthanbrickhouse.

Eighteenth-centuryhousesshowedgreatinteriorimprovementsovertheirpredecessors.Windowsweremadelargerandshuttersremoved.Large,clearpanesreplacedthesmallleadedglassoftheseventeenthcentury.Doorwayswerelargerandmoredecorative.Fireplacesbecamedecorativefeaturesofrooms.Wallsweremadofplasterorwood,sometimeselaboratelypaneled.Whitepaintbegantotaketheplaceofblues,yellows,greens,andleadcolors,whichhadbeenpopularforwallsintheearlieryears.Afterabout1730,advertisementsforwallpaperstylesinscenicpatternsbegantoappearincolonialnewspapers.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whatwasoneofthemainreasonsforthechangeinarchitecturalstyleineighteenth-centuryNorthAmerica?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whowasresponsiblefordesigninghousesineighteenth-centuryNorthAmerica?

4.Thepassageimpliesthattherulesoutlinedinarchitecturalmanualswere（

）.

5.Whatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheuseofwallpaperbefore1730?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theimproveddesignofeighteenth-centurycolonialhouses.

B.Acomparisonofeighteenth-centuryhousesandmodernhouses.

C.Thedecorationsusedineighteenth-centuryhouses.

D.Theroleofcarpentersinbuildingeighteenth-centuryhouses.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Morearchitectsarrivedinthecolonies.

B.Thecolonistsdevelopedaninterestinclassicalarchitecture.

C.Bricksweremorereadilyavailable.

D.Thecolonistshadmoremoneytospendonhousing.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Professionalarchitects

B.Customers

C.Interiordecorators

D.Carpenters

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.generallyignored

B.legallybinding

C.notstrictlyadheredto

D.onlyfollowedbyolderbuilders

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Wallpapersamplesappearedinthearchitecturalmanuals.

B.Wallpaperwasthesamecolorasthewallpaintsused.

C.Patternedwallpaperwasnotwidelyused.

D.Wallpaperwasnotusedinstonehouse.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。定位到文章第一段中第二句“Duringthefirsthalfoftheeighteenthcentury,however,housesbegantoshowanewelegance.”這句轉(zhuǎn)折性的話語(yǔ)，提出了本文主要討論的問(wèn)題是“18世紀(jì)殖民地房屋設(shè)計(jì)的改進(jìn)”。故正確答案選A。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章第一段提到了北美房屋建筑在18世紀(jì)發(fā)生變化，根據(jù)第一段最后一句提到“Aswealthincrease,moreandmorecoloniesbuiltfinehouses隨著財(cái)富的增加，越來(lái)越多的殖民者建造比較精美的房屋”，由此可知，因?yàn)橹趁裾叩呢?cái)富增加，他們可以花更多的錢在建筑房屋上面，所以建筑風(fēng)格發(fā)生了一定的變化。故正確答案選D。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第二段第一句“Sincearchitecturewasnotyetaspecializedprofessioninthecolonies,thedesignofbuildingswaslefteithertoamateurdesignersortocarpenterswhoundertooktointerpretarchitecturalmanualsimportedfromEngland.由于建筑在殖民地還不是一項(xiàng)專門的職業(yè)，房屋設(shè)計(jì)或者由業(yè)余設(shè)計(jì)師來(lái)做，或者由那些承擔(dān)從英國(guó)進(jìn)口的建筑手冊(cè)的翻譯任務(wù)的木匠來(lái)做。”由此可知，18世紀(jì)的房屋設(shè)計(jì)主要由木匠來(lái)負(fù)責(zé)。選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第二段最后一句話“Nevertheless,mostdomesticarchitectureofthefirstthree-quartersoftheeighteenthcenturydisplaysawidedivergenceoftasteandfreedomofapplicationoftheruleslaiddowninthesebooks.然而18世紀(jì)的70年代前大多數(shù)家庭建筑都展現(xiàn)了品味上廣泛的不同，以及這些書中的規(guī)則在運(yùn)用上的自由?！边@里的“thesebooks”指的就是本段第一句中的“architecturalmanuals建筑手冊(cè)”，由此可知，這些建筑手冊(cè)上的記載的規(guī)則并沒(méi)有被嚴(yán)格遵守，而是自由地運(yùn)用。故正確答案選C。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第四段最后一句“Afterabout1730,advertisementsforwallpaperstylesinscenicpatternsbegantoappearincolonialnewspapers.大概在1730年后，殖民地報(bào)紙上開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)風(fēng)景畫形式的壁紙風(fēng)格廣告”，由此推斷，在此之前，風(fēng)景畫式的壁紙還沒(méi)有廣泛使用。故正確答案選C。

19.單選題

（

）thatmanytravelerscomplainedtothetravelagency.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sofrequentlytheguidetookthemtoluxuriousshops

B.Sofrequentlytheguidetookthemtoluxuriousshopsdo

C.Sofrequentlydidtheguidetakethemtoluxuriousshops

D.Sotheguidetookthemtoluxuriousshopsfrequently

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。本題考查結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中的倒裝用法。在“so/such…that...”結(jié)構(gòu)中，so和such連同它所修飾成分置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。主句需要倒裝；根據(jù)句子后面的結(jié)構(gòu)“thatmanytravelerscomplainedtothetravelagency.”可知前面是so引導(dǎo)的主句，需要采用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，句意為：導(dǎo)游帶游客去奢侈品商店太頻繁，以至于許多游客向旅行社投訴。故正確答案選C。

20.單選題

Theimageofthevolunteersontelevisionadvertisingprovides（

）intopeople’sattitudetowardvolunteering.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insights

B.foresight

C.revelations

D.specifications

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)insights“深刻見(jiàn)解”；B選項(xiàng)foresight“先見(jiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)revelation“啟示，揭露”；D選項(xiàng)specification“規(guī)格，說(shuō)明書”。句意為：志愿者在電視廣告上的形象，體現(xiàn)了人們對(duì)志愿服務(wù)的態(tài)度。insightsinto“對(duì)……的深刻見(jiàn)解”符合題意，故答案選A。

21.單選題

Thefootballerscoredwithsuch（

）thatthegoalkeeperdidn’tstandthechanceofsavingthegoal.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.vein

B.veil

C.vicinity

D.velocity

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)vein“血管”；B選項(xiàng)veil“面紗，面罩”；C選項(xiàng)vicinity“臨近，附近”；D選項(xiàng)velocity“速度”。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“footballer足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員”和that后面的句子意思“以至于守門員沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)挽救進(jìn)球”，可知空格部分意思為“速度”，句意為：這個(gè)足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員進(jìn)球如此快，以至于對(duì)方守門員沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)挽救進(jìn)球。正確答案選D。

22.單選題

Sinceacirclehasnobeginningorend,theweddingringisacceptedasasymbolof（

）love.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.successive

B.consecutive

C.eternal

D.insistent

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)successive“連續(xù)的，繼承的”；B選項(xiàng)consecutive“連貫的，連續(xù)不斷的”；C選項(xiàng)eternal“永恒的”；D選項(xiàng)insistent“堅(jiān)持的，迫切的”。句子的前半句意思是“因?yàn)閳A沒(méi)有起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)”，后半句是句子的主干部分，of后面由“l(fā)ove愛(ài)”組成所有格結(jié)構(gòu)。這里需要填入一個(gè)形容詞，表示“永遠(yuǎn)的，永恒的”才符合句子意思，句意為：因?yàn)閳A沒(méi)有起點(diǎn)和終點(diǎn)，所以婚戒被當(dāng)作永恒愛(ài)情的象征。故正確答案為C。

23.翻譯題

Companiesnowrealizethatvirusesaren’t“urbanmyth”,andcanbeaseriousimpactontheiroperations.Theyinvestinanti-virussoftwareonthedesktops,serversandemailgatewaysandevenputinplaceprocedurestoensuretheiranti-virusisup-to-datewiththeverylatestdetectionroutines.Anti-virussoftwaredetectsmostofthevirusesyourusersarelikelytoencounter—oftenwithouttheuserevenknowing.However,anti-virussoftwaremustbeupdatedregularly,preferablydailyinanylargecompany.Eventhen,averynewviruscaninfectyourusers.WiththerapidtransmissionoffilesthroughnetworksandtheInternet,aviruscanspreadaconsiderabledistancebeforeitcanbeidentifiedandprotectedagainst.

【答案】

各家公司現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到病毒并不是“現(xiàn)代神話”，而確實(shí)會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響到公司的運(yùn)作。他們投資殺毒軟件，安裝在計(jì)算機(jī)、服務(wù)器以及電子郵件網(wǎng)關(guān)上，甚至還采取措施確保使用最新的檢查程序，隨時(shí)更新殺毒軟件。殺毒軟件確實(shí)能檢測(cè)出用戶會(huì)碰到的絕大多數(shù)病毒，而且往往在用戶毫無(wú)察覺(jué)時(shí)就已經(jīng)處理完畢。然而，軟件必須定期更新，大公司則最好是每天更新一次。即使是這樣，一種非常新的病毒也還是可能感染到用戶。通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，文件可以快速地傳輸，等到人們發(fā)現(xiàn)一種病毒并加以防范時(shí)，病毒可能已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散到了相當(dāng)?shù)姆秶?/p>

24.單選題

Whenyoufillintheapplicationform,pleaseuseyour（

）addresssothatwecancontactyoueasilylater.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.policy

B.plain

C.permanent

D.principal

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)policy“政策，方針”；B選項(xiàng)plain“平的，簡(jiǎn)單的”；C選項(xiàng)permanent“永久的，永恒的”；D選項(xiàng)principal“主要的；資本的”。句意為：當(dāng)您填寫申請(qǐng)表時(shí)，請(qǐng)使用您的固定地址，以便我們以后容易聯(lián)系您。C選項(xiàng)permanent“永久的，永恒的”符合語(yǔ)境，正確答案選C。

25.單選題

Havingfinishedtheirmorningwork,theclerksstoodupbehindtheirdesks,（

）themselves.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.expanding

B.stretching

C.prolonging

D.extending

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)expand“擴(kuò)張，使膨脹”；B選項(xiàng)stretch“伸展，張開(kāi)”；C選項(xiàng)prolong“延長(zhǎng)，拖延（延長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）”；D選項(xiàng)extend“延伸，擴(kuò)大，推廣，伸出”。stretchoneself固定搭配的意思是“伸懶腰，伸展身體”，句意為：做完早上的工作后，職員們從桌子后面站起來(lái)，伸展伸展身體。故正確答案選B。

26.單選題

Lastyearaboothforsimultaneousinterpretationwasfinallysetup（

）governmentaid.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inaidof

B.byvirtueof

C.inlightof

D.inrespectof

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查介詞詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)inaidof“為了幫助”；B選項(xiàng)byvirtueof“憑借，由于，因?yàn)椤?；C選項(xiàng)inlightof“根據(jù)；鑒于”；D選項(xiàng)inrespectof“關(guān)于，涉及”。governmentaid在句中做狀語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上下文可知byvirtueof“憑借，由于，因?yàn)椤狈项}意，句意為：去年，在政府的援助下，終于建立了一個(gè)同聲傳譯的展位。故答案選B。

27.單選題

Lookingatthephoto,itsuddenly（

）onhimthathehadmetthewantedmansomewhere.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dawned

B.occurred

C.happened

D.known

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)dawn“破曉；出現(xiàn)；被領(lǐng)悟”；B選項(xiàng)occur“發(fā)生，出現(xiàn)”；C選項(xiàng)happen“發(fā)生，碰巧”；D選項(xiàng)know“了解，熟悉”。dawnonsb“（事物）變得令人明白”；occurtosb“（主意或想法突然）浮現(xiàn)于腦中，被想起，被想到”，句意為：看著照片，他突然想到，他在哪個(gè)地方遇到過(guò)這個(gè)通緝犯。故正確答案選A。

28.單選題

Hydrogenisoneofthemostimportantelementsintheuniverse（

）itprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sothat

B.butthat

C.providedthat

D.inthat

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。這里的空格考查前后兩個(gè)句子之間的關(guān)系。根據(jù)后面句子的意思“itprovidesthebuildingblocksfromwhichtheotherelementsareproduced它提供了其他元素賴以產(chǎn)生的建構(gòu)框架”，可知它表示的是前面句子的原因。這里選項(xiàng)D“inthat因?yàn)椤边m合前后句子語(yǔ)境意思，句意為：氫是宇宙中最重要的元素之一，因?yàn)樗峁┝似渌刭囈援a(chǎn)生的建構(gòu)框架。D為正確答案。

29.單選題

Duringthepastgeneration,theAmericanmiddle-classfamilythatoncecouldcountonhardworkandfairplaytokeepitselffinanciallysecurehadbeentransformedbyeconomicriskandnewrealties.Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstonewlypoorinafewmonths.

Injustonegeneration,millionsofmothershavegonetowork,transformingbasicfamilyeconomics.Scholars,policymakers,andcriticsofallstripeshavedebatedthesocialimplicationsofthesechanges,butfewhavelookedatthesideeffect:familyriskhasrisenaswell.Today’sfamilieshavebudgetedtothelimitsoftheirnewtwo-paycheckstatus.Asaresult,theyhavelosttheparachutetheyoncehadintimesoffinancialsetback—aback-upearner(usuallyMom)whocouldgointotheworkforceiftheprimaryearnergotlaidofforfellsick.This“added-workereffect”couldsupportthesafetynetofferedbyunemploymentinsuranceordisabilityinsurancetohelpfamiliesweatherbadtimes.Buttoday,adisruptiontofamilyfortunescannolongerbemadeupwithextraincomefromanotherwise-stay-at-homepartner.

Duringthesameperiod,familieshavebeenaskedtoabsorbmuchmoreriskintheirretirementincome.Steelworkers,airlineemployees,andnowthoseintheautoindustryarejoiningmillionsoffamilieswhomustworryaboutinterestrates,stockmarketfluctuation,andtheharshrealitythattheymayoutlivetheirretirementmoney.Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.Foryoungerfamiliesthepictureisnotanybetter.Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen―andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.Evendemographicsareworkingagainstthemiddleclassfamily,astheoddsofhavingaweakelderlyparent—andalltheattendantneedforphysicalandfinancialassistance—havejumpedeightfoldinjustonegeneration.

Fromthemiddle-classfamilyperspective,muchofthis,understandably,looksfarlesslikeanopportunitytoexercisemorefinancialresponsibility,andagooddealmorelikeafrighteningaccelerationofthewholesaleshiftoffinancialriskontotheiralreadyoverburdenedshoulders.Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.

1.Today’sdouble-incomefamiliesareatgreaterfinancialriskinthat（

）.

2.AsaresultofPresidentBush’sreform,retiredpeoplemayhave（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,health-savingsplanswill（

）.

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthistext?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thesafetynettheyusedtoenjoyhasdisappeared

B.theirchancesofbeinglaidoffhavegreatlyincreased

C.theyaremorevulnerabletochangesinfamilyeconomics

D.theyaredeprivedofunemploymentordisabilityinsurance

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.ahighersenseofsecurity

B.lesssecuredpayments

C.lesschancetoinvest

D.aguaranteedfuture

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.helpreducethecostofhealthcare

B.popularizeamongthemiddleclass

C.compensateforthereducedpensions

D.increasethefamilies’investmentrisk

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.financialriskstendtooutweighpoliticalrisks

B.themiddleclassmayfacegreaterpoliticalchallenges

C.financialproblemsmaybringaboutpoliticalproblems

D.financialresponsibilityisanindicatorofpoliticalstatus

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheMiddleClassontheAlert

B.TheMiddleClassontheCliff

C.TheMiddleClassinConflict

D.TheMiddleClassinRuins

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第一段“Nowapinkslip,abaddiagnosis,oradisappearingspousecanreduceafamilyfromsolidlymiddleclasstonewlypoorinafewmonths.現(xiàn)在，一份解雇通知書、一個(gè)糟糕的診斷，或者配偶的消失，都可能在幾個(gè)月內(nèi)把一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭變成一個(gè)新的貧困家庭。”由此可知C選項(xiàng)“他們更容易受家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)情況變化的影響”正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章第三段“Formuchofthepastyear,PresidentBushcampaignedtomoveSocialSecuritytoasaving-accountmodel,withretireestradingmuchoralloftheirguaranteedpaymentsforpaymentsdependingoninvestmentreturns.在過(guò)去一年的大部分時(shí)間里，布什總統(tǒng)致力于將社會(huì)保障轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閮?chǔ)蓄賬戶模式，即退休人員將他們的大部分或所有有保障的收入用于根據(jù)投資回報(bào)進(jìn)行交易。”由此可知B選項(xiàng)“不安全的薪酬”正確。

3.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。定位到文章第三段“Boththeabsolutecostofhealthcareandtheshareofitbornebyfamilieshaverisen―andnewlyfashionablehealth-savingplansarespreadingfromlegislativehallstoWal-Martworkers,withmuchhigherdeductiblesandalargenewdoseofinvestmentriskforfamilies’futurehealthcare.醫(yī)療保健的絕對(duì)成本和家庭承擔(dān)的份額都上升了，而且新流行的醫(yī)療儲(chǔ)蓄計(jì)劃正從立法機(jī)構(gòu)蔓延到沃爾瑪員工，免賠額大大提高，家庭未來(lái)醫(yī)療保健的投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也增加了。”由此可知D選項(xiàng)“增加家庭的投資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。定位到文章最后一段“Thefinancialfallouthasbegun,andthepoliticalfalloutmaynotbefarbehind.金融方面的影響已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，政治方面的影響可能也不遠(yuǎn)了。”由此可知C選項(xiàng)“經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題可能會(huì)帶來(lái)政治問(wèn)題”正確。

5.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章講述美國(guó)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)家庭已經(jīng)被經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和新的現(xiàn)實(shí)所改變，面臨著一系列危機(jī)，由此可判斷B項(xiàng)“中產(chǎn)階級(jí)在懸崖上”符合題意。

30.單選題

IttookthemediaawhiletoacknowledgethatmostofKatrina’svictimswereblack.Apparently,itwilltakelongertomentionthatmostofthevictimswerewomenandchildren.Inoticedthreecommentatorswhobroughtupthedelicatesubjectofthemostlymissingmales—GeorgeWill,GaiyBauer,a