1、又逢一年畢業(yè)季。這個(gè)特殊時(shí)刻在變幻莫測的時(shí)代背景下，凝聚了無數(shù)復(fù)雜的情感。在人生 每個(gè)階段，都可能面臨類似的結(jié)束和啟程，而我們選擇和態(tài)度，會(huì)直接決定生活方式和生命 歷程。按照慣例，每年此時(shí)，美國各大名校都會(huì)邀請校長或名人，用他們豐富的閱歷和人生經(jīng)驗(yàn), 給畢業(yè)生提供有價(jià)值的建議和指導(dǎo)。本期特別精選2022美國五大名校畢業(yè)演講。這些充滿智慧的言辭，能幫助我們從更宏觀的 視角撥云見日，在睿智的思考判斷下，作出屬于自己的正確選擇。我們沒有權(quán)利選擇出生和死亡，卻有權(quán)利選擇生活方式、價(jià)值觀念及思想境界。愿你能有所 領(lǐng)悟，走出屬于自己的精彩人生。斯坦福大學(xué)Stanford University6月12日，斯

2、坦福大學(xué)舉行2022年畢業(yè)典禮，校長Marc Tessier-Lavigne發(fā)表激勵(lì)人心的 畢業(yè)演說。他講到世界瞬息萬變，人生不是一條直線。鼓勵(lì)大家在不同階段，都要有改變和適應(yīng)環(huán)境的 能力，以此尋求人生價(jià)值并服務(wù)社會(huì)。以卜是校長演講的精華:Milt and Sylvia s stories are wonderful illustrations of the idea that life is lived in chapters. And what inspiring chapters they have been.The important thing about these example

3、s is this: We each have this ability to pivot through the years, to use our skills in new and different ways, to find new meaning, and to help solve the problems that our world faces.Let me be clear: Each of you has that ability to pivot. I know, because each of you had to pivot as the pandemic upen

4、ded your plans - yet you pushed through to complete your studies and graduate today.As the story of your own life continues to unfurl, I am confident that each of you will adapt as our world changes and as your own priorities and goals evolve, too.Reflecting on the examples of Milt and Sylvia, I, d

5、like to offer you three thoughts about the foundation you have built here at Stanford and how that foundation will support you through the chapters to come.First is the importance of lifelong learning and of continuing to explore.In your years here, you have acquired the tools and skills to continue

6、 learning, exploring, and adapting as the world changes.You ve learned to experiment with ideas, explore challenging issues, and test solutions to problems in every field. And beyond what you ve learned in the classroom, you ve used your skills to address real-world problems through hands-on service

7、 work.Like Milt, who kept up his medical skills through volunteer work, I hope you continue to use your skills and knowledge to serve your community.Beyond the fulfillment it will provide you, it will allow you to keep your skills sharp and to explore new ideas, now and in the years to come. That br

8、ings me to my second point: As you keep up your knowledge and skills, you should also continue to seek out different perspectives and hold space in your mind for competing views.Throughout your time here at Stanford, you ve encountered a diversity of perspectives and engaged in conversations across

9、areas of disagreement. It hasn t always been easy.But as you look beyond Palm Drive to the division and polarization that grip our country and our world, it s clear that this is a skill that our world desperately needs.The friends and mentors you have met here at Stanford have broadened your perspec

10、tive.As you enter the next chapter of your lives, I encourage you to continue to engage with many voices and to seek out discussion and debate. Honor your own values, but keep an open mind to learning from others perspectives and continue to bring the best version of yourself to those discussions.Th

11、ird, I urge each of you to imagine a brighter future and to figure out what your own unique contribution will be.Our world faces many challenges - from emerging and chronic diseases, to disinformation, to the climate crisis and geopolitical tensions.Each of you has the knowledge and the ability to r

12、ise to these challenges and to help transform our world for the better, for your own future and for the generations that fol low. I know you are up to the challenge. I ve seen it.As just one example, this spring, I ve been so proud of the ways in which the Stanford community has responded to the war

13、 in Ukraine - from our scholars at the Freeman-Spogli Institute and across the university, who have played a major role in advising U.S. policymakers and providing knowledge and insight into the conflict, to our Stanford students, who worked with a local nonprofit to organize a shipment of more than

14、 $120,000 worth of medical and humanitarian relief to Ukrainian refugees in Poland.The invasion of Ukraine by Russia was another stark reminder of how the world can change in an instant and how each of us - each of you - can contribute, in ways big and small.So I encourage each of you to reflect on

15、the challenges we face and to consider what your own contributions will be.Through the disruption of the last two years, each of us has had an opportunity to reassess our values and to reflect on what pursuits give us true meaning and fulfillment.So even as you celebrate all that you have accomplish

16、ed, I urge each of you to take time to reflect and to ask yourself:How can I shape a future that reflects what I ve learned about my values and priorities?And how can I help create a brighter future for my own community and for the world? As you take your next steps along your own path, you II carry

17、 Stanford with you. The work you ve done here will ripple forward through your life, propelling you through the early years of your career and providing you a foundation for a life of change and transformation.哈佛大學(xué)Harvard University5月24日，哈佛大學(xué)舉行2022屆本科生畢業(yè)典禮，時(shí)任哈佛校長Lawrence S. Bacow發(fā)表 演說。講述疫情造成前所未有影響的同

18、時(shí)，指出人生道路的無限可能。鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生相信自己，抓住預(yù) 期之外的機(jī)會(huì)，帶著激情和熱情擁抱未知。以下是演講精華節(jié)選: 我堅(jiān)信你們終會(huì)找到屬于自己的道路，并在世界上留下自己的印記。當(dāng)開始人生旅程的下一章程時(shí)，你會(huì)為所有等待你的未知感到興奮，并對這段旅程可能帶你 去向何方感到焦慮。會(huì)在糾結(jié)擔(dān)憂這是否是正確的道路，抑或自己是否會(huì)成功。但職業(yè)生涯只有在回顧時(shí)才能明了。退休那天回顧過去，才知道一切是否具有意義。而正是 那些拐點(diǎn)時(shí)刻的決定，最終將你帶到終點(diǎn)。但當(dāng)你此時(shí)此刻，面對這些決定時(shí)，內(nèi)心依舊會(huì)充滿掙扎和猶豫?；仡欉^去35年的職業(yè)生涯，如果我對曾經(jīng)的任何一段經(jīng)歷說不，今天就不會(huì)站在這里。 這并不意味著我有

19、先見之明或勇敢，只因?yàn)椋何以敢庵鲃?dòng)接受此前從未考慮過的選擇，并讓 它將我引向未知。這種開放的心態(tài)將我?guī)У骄式^倫的地方，例如現(xiàn)在我所站的講臺(tái)。未來，無數(shù)機(jī)會(huì)會(huì)以出人意料的方式出現(xiàn)在面前。你要學(xué)會(huì)主動(dòng)迎接，相信自己，而不是畏 首畏尾。曾兒何時(shí)，當(dāng)我擔(dān)憂某個(gè)決定時(shí)，母親總會(huì)說：最糟糕的情況是什么？你能忍受嗎？如果 可以，就去做吧。我希望你們能像我一樣，從這個(gè)建議中獲益并徹底解脫。一些無法預(yù)料的機(jī)會(huì)，將對你產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影響，而拒絕將是一場悲劇。哈佛演講和修辭學(xué)教授Jorie Graham曾在紐約大學(xué)專注電影制作。一天，她路過詩歌課堂，聽到J. Alfred Prufrock愛情詩的臺(tái)詞：F我聽到美人魚

20、在唱歌，他 們彼此歌唱。我想他們不會(huì)為我而唱。那一刻，讓Jorie Graham成為美國最杰出的詩人之一，普利策獎(jiǎng)獲得者，哈佛最受歡迎的 教員之一。詩人 Jorie Graham今年哈佛藝術(shù)獎(jiǎng)獲得者Ruben Blades,曾就讀巴拿馬法律專業(yè)。一個(gè)周末，院長看到他和樂 隊(duì)表演，告訴他，如果他想表達(dá)律師的職業(yè)尊嚴(yán)，就必須停止唱歌。Ruben選擇了音樂，在邁阿密推出個(gè)人專輯，并獲得17項(xiàng)格萊美獎(jiǎng)。音樂人 Ruben BladesRay Hammond畢業(yè)于哈佛大學(xué)和哈佛醫(yī)學(xué)院，是一位成功的外科醫(yī)生。直到有一天，他聽 到一個(gè)聲音在召喚他。如今他成為著名牧師，是波士頓最有影響力的領(lǐng)袖之一。精神領(lǐng)袖R

21、ay Hammond我之所以選擇這些例子，是因?yàn)樗鼈冋故玖诵碌缆返碾S機(jī)性。Jorie. Ruben和Ray都無法想 象，一個(gè)聲音會(huì)把他們帶到哪里。但他們都在傾聽，在密切留意著周圍的世界。我希望你們記?。簩θ松猩钸h(yuǎn)影響的隨機(jī)事件，永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)生在屏幕上，只會(huì)發(fā)生在生 活中。想象某人停下來，被首陌生的詩觸動(dòng);想象某人在意想不到的警告中，意識(shí)到內(nèi)心的渴望; 想象某人感知到遠(yuǎn)超越自身的偉大力量。想想這些事情可能發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)和方式，帶著激情和熱情去擁抱這個(gè)真實(shí)的I出界。如果足夠幸 運(yùn)，你也許也會(huì)在某天，受到意外的啟發(fā)。愿你充分考慮未來的機(jī)遇。愿你體驗(yàn)詩歌和音樂的甜美，跨越人生道路的重重障礙。愿你免 于焦慮

22、、恐懼和不確定，愿你永遠(yuǎn)被愛包圍。英文演講全文Welcome, members of the Class of 2022and soon-to-be-graduates of Harvard College.Exactly 1,359 days ago, we met at Convocation, and we began our first year together-you as undergraduates, me as president. I spoke about the merits of academic regalia, and I challenged you to us

23、e your waking hours as undergraduates-some 21,000 of them-to explore all that the University had to offer.Little did we know then that we would all confront a global pandemic that would test us in ways that we could not have imagined. I find it fitting that we are gathered here in these billowing ro

24、bes, a symbol not only of our membership in a community of learning but also of our experience these past four years, our experience of a Harvardof a worldblown about by winds that never existed before. And all of us carried along with them-and into the unknown.lt has been a wilder ride than any of

25、us could have expected.Candidly, when I made the difficult decision to send you all home on such short notice in March of 2020, I never imagined that two years laterand after one million people had succumbed to this virus in the US alone-we would still be dealing with this public health crisis. Your

26、 class has been tested as few others have been. You have demonstrated extraordinary resilience and patience, both skills that will serve you well as you prepare for life after Harvard.Based on what I have seen of you and how you have met this moment, I have great faith that you, like those who came

27、before you, will find your way, and will make your mark on the world. Let me take this moment to thank you for your perseverance, for your flexibility and your understanding. I don t think I have ever been prouder of any graduating class at any university than I am of the Harvard College Class of 20

28、22.One day, there will be enough distance for us to contemplate the enormity of what we have been through as a community, but that day is not todayand that is okay. For now, we can share a quiet moment to say goodbye to whatever we imagined these last 1,359 days might have held for us. For now, we c

29、an be grateful that we are here together - on the verge of your commencement and all that awaits you in the years ahead.It is quite common for students at this precise moment in timea day before your College graduation-to feel a combination of excitement and anxiety. Excitement for all that awaits y

30、ou as you begin the next chapter in the journey called life, and anxiety over where that journey is likely to take you. Some of you entered Harvard convinced of exactly where you wanted to go law school, medical school, a career in public service, for example.Some of you found your passion on this c

31、ampus and are now going to pursue academic careers or opportunities in journalism, the arts, or entertainment. And some of you are still searching. You may have a job lined up that will pay you well, but, if you are honest with yourself, you are still worried if it is the right path for you or if yo

32、u will succeed.One of the problems in trying to plan your career is that a career is only knowable in retrospect.On the day you retire you can look back and it all makes sense. You can identify the inflection points, the decisions, that brought you to where you ultimately wound up. But when confront

33、ing these decisions in real time, you will struggle. You will make lists of pros and cons. You will consult with friends and family. And you will agonize over these choices long into the night.I know what I am talking about because I have been there.As I was completing my PhD here at Harvard, Adele

34、and I thought we were headed to Washington, DC. It was the start of the Carter administration, and we were excited by the prospect of getting in on the ground floor. But then an unexpected opportunity came up:Would I like to return to my alma mater, Ml to fill in for someone going on leave for two y

35、ears?The salary was a fraction of what I would have made in DC and there was no guarantee of a job two years hence.A number of years latec I was still at MITnow on the tenure track but disheartened because my fabulously talented co-author didn t get tenure.I had concluded that if he did not get it,

36、I wouldn, t either, and I had just made up my mind to leave MIT and academia altogether when my department chair came calling:Would I consider taking on major administrative responsibility to launch a new academic program?Flash forward 35 years. I was a member of a presidential search committee, try

37、ing to find a leader for a university I care a lot about.I had been comfortably semi-retired-more or less-for almost seven years when the chair of the search committee approached me on behalf of the group:Would I consider becoming a candidate for the job?lf I had said “ no ” to any one of those ques

38、tions, I would not be standing here today. This is not to say that I am prescient or wise, or bravejust that I was open to seeing where roads I hadn t considered might lead me. That way of moving through the world has taken me to some pretty interesting places-being here, behind this podium, is one

39、of them.You, too, will have chances to consider other paths for yourself, paths that will appear to you unexpectedlyeven inconveniently. Be willing to take those chances. Believe in yourself. And don t be too concerned about failure. My late mother; Ruth, was a very wise woman.Whenever I worried abo

40、ut a decision, she would always say, What s the worst that can happen? Can you live with that? If you can, go for it. I hope you are as liberated by this advice as I have been throughout my life.Other discrete moments will influence you so profoundly that denying them would be a tragedy.Jorie Graham

41、, Boylston Professor of Oratory and Rhetoric, was once an undergraduate at NYU with her heart set on filmmaking. One day, walking past an open door of a poetry class, she heard lines from The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock: I have heard the mermaids singing, each to each. / I do not think they will

42、 sing to me. But sing they didand, because of that moment, Jorie went on to become one of America s most distinguished poets, a Pulitzer Prize winner, and one of Harvard s most beloved faculty members.Rub6n Blades, a musical giant and this year s Harvard Arts medalist, was once a law student in Pana

43、ma. One weekend, the dean of the school he attended saw him performing with his band. The dean took him aside and told him that if he wanted to be a lawyerto reflect the dignity of that professionhe would have to quit singing. Ruben ended up in Miami with a demo album a wild talent and ambition-and,

44、 eventually, seventeen Grammys.Ray Hammond, a graduate of Harvard College and Harvard Medical School, was a very successful surgeon. Then he heard another voice calling him. Today he is Reverend Ray Hammond, one of Boston s most influential spiritual leaders.I chose these examples because they demon

45、strate the randomness with which new roads will appear to you.Neither Jorie nor Ruben nor Ray could dream of where a single voice would take them, but they listened nonetheless, paying close attention to the world around them as they imagined how and where they wanted to focus their attention and ti

46、me.Now, I will say something that you may shrug off as nostalgia.But I hope you will remember it: Random events of profound influence don t happen on a screen Think of a person stopping in her tracks to listen to lines of unfamiliar poetry. Think of a person recognizing his desire in an unexpected a

47、nd unwelcome ultimatum. Think of a person tuning into something greater than himself.Think of where and how those things happen-and where and how they can, t or wont t. Engage and embrace the world personally with passion and enthusiasm and, if you are lucky, you too will someday be inspired by the

48、unexpected. Members of the Class of 2022: May you consider fully the paths that reveal themselves to you in the years ahead.May you experience the sweetness of both poetry and song, and marvel at the refrains that emerge as you make your way through life. May you be spared anxiety, dread, and uncert

49、ainty- and may you always be surrounded by people who love you.Best of luck to each of youand Godspeed.耶魯大學(xué)Yale University5月22日，耶魯大學(xué)校長Peter Salovey發(fā)表了致2022屆畢業(yè)生的畢業(yè)演講，主題為論 思想上的謙遜On Intellectual Humilityo那天，我描述了在斯坦福大學(xué)接下來歲月里，你們將意識(shí)到生活不是一條從始點(diǎn)到終點(diǎn)的直 線，它有你無法預(yù)見的曲折、轉(zhuǎn)折和背離。我們?nèi)魏稳硕紵o法預(yù)見這些年的變化。因?yàn)橐咔?，我們被迫關(guān)閉校園，大家學(xué)習(xí)新的合作

50、方 式，創(chuàng)立社區(qū)，以及在非常時(shí)期相互支持。所有人都在顛覆和適應(yīng)中，學(xué)會(huì)了重要一課，明白世界瞬息萬變，而每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)適應(yīng) 變化。當(dāng)我想到生活充滿意外時(shí)，常說：生命是漫長的，生命是分章節(jié)的。每個(gè)人的生活，都有不同的時(shí)代。有些即將到來，另一些那么會(huì)意外開始。而畢業(yè)典禮標(biāo)志著 學(xué)生時(shí)代的結(jié)束，也標(biāo)志著新篇章的開始。你可以開始家庭生活的全新篇章，可以搬到世上任何地方，進(jìn)入個(gè)人開展、失落和變化的時(shí) 代。這些變化將持續(xù)終生，就像每個(gè)生命都會(huì)發(fā)生意想不到的曲折樣。我想跟你們提供斯坦福大學(xué)校友Milt McColl的故事，他的人生道路，證明了生命是分階段 的。Milt是才華橫溢的運(yùn)發(fā)動(dòng)，1977-1980年

51、曾在斯坦福Cardinal隊(duì)擔(dān)任后衛(wèi)，并獲生物學(xué)學(xué) 士學(xué)位。畢業(yè)后他與舊金山49人隊(duì)簽約。同一周，被斯坦福醫(yī)學(xué)院錄取。以下是演講的精華節(jié)選:南非前總統(tǒng)曼德拉曾說：如果你沒有改變自己，就永遠(yuǎn)無法對社會(huì)產(chǎn)生影響偉大的和 平締造者都是正直、老實(shí)但謙遜的人。在這個(gè)充滿成就感的時(shí)刻，我希望你們認(rèn)識(shí)到，思想的謙遜無比重要。你們所受的優(yōu)秀教育 使你們能夠認(rèn)真聽取他人的意見，思慮他人的言論，這會(huì)帶來新的洞見。所以我的演講將聚焦在成認(rèn)未知的勇氣，成認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤和改變想法。60年前，在戰(zhàn)爭陰影籠罩下，美國前總統(tǒng)肯尼迪在此發(fā)表演講。他看到的局勢與今天的動(dòng) 蕩類似，他在演講中呼吁：要保持思想的謙遜。我們常將事實(shí)置于預(yù)設(shè)的解

52、釋之下。我們常樂于接受觀點(diǎn)，而不愿思考。但歷史告訴我們: 確信不疑帶來的嚴(yán)重危害以及滋生的狂妄。然而演講后半個(gè)世紀(jì)，我們依然看到：隔閡讓未經(jīng)證實(shí)的觀點(diǎn)肆意橫行，無根據(jù)的推測不脛 而走，不和諧的氣氛讓真誠的交流舉步維艱。簡而言之，加強(qiáng)我們已有的共識(shí)愈來愈成為某種舒適圈，而試圖質(zhì)疑它們，那么變得難上 加難。但我想向你們呼吁：拒絕接受這種安逸，因?yàn)橹挥性敢馓剿餍碌南敕ǎ庞锌赡茏屖虑橛兴煌?。正如?dāng)年肯尼迪總統(tǒng)所言：一所偉大的大學(xué)，總會(huì)選擇站在傳播謬誤的對立面，和真相站 在一邊。教育的力量，不在于承諾教給你們一切，而在于讓你們準(zhǔn)備好，以有益的懷疑態(tài)度來應(yīng)對各 種假設(shè)，包括自身處境的假設(shè)。它不在于回答

53、的能力，而在于敢于質(zhì)疑的能力。作為畢業(yè)生，你們有責(zé)任將這種探究精神帶向世界；有責(zé)任堅(jiān)持將各種觀點(diǎn)推出接受的舒適 圈之外；有責(zé)任帶著追求理性的決心前行。事實(shí)上，智慧植根于接受不同想法的意愿。仔細(xì)聆聽，批判思考，挑戰(zhàn)原有觀點(diǎn)，為發(fā)現(xiàn)真 理而改變。正如偉大的中世紀(jì)哲學(xué)家Mdsheh ben-Maimon,在其著作Pirkei Avot的導(dǎo)論中的勸誡: 接受真理，無論出自誰之口。與視角不同的人互動(dòng)交流，并不會(huì)讓我們背棄信仰；傾聽可能不認(rèn)同的觀點(diǎn)并非妥協(xié)、，而是 對真理的忠誠；成認(rèn)我們的錯(cuò)誤并不意味著失敗，而是走向博學(xué)的必經(jīng)之旅。偉大教育的標(biāo)志，不僅在于對新知識(shí)的探索，還在于對現(xiàn)有觀點(diǎn)的重新思考；并不一

54、定意味 著收獲了多少新知，而在于放棄了多少假設(shè)。只有當(dāng)我們嚴(yán)格的審視那些I預(yù)設(shè)的解釋，才能摒棄局限而獲得真理。只有謙遜基礎(chǔ)上的 勇于成認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤，才能使我們在追求真理的道路上，攀登至難以企及的高度。英文演講全文Graduates of the Class of 2022, family members, friends, and colleagues. It is a special pleasure to be here with you today, a day made doubly meaningful by our ability to celebrate our graduates i

55、n person. I am delighted to welcome you to Yale, s first on-campus Baccalaureate ceremony since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.And after a three-year hiatus, there is a wonderful Yale tradition that I would now like to reinstitute:May I ask all the families and friends here today to rise and rec

56、ognize the outstanding一and graduatingmembers of the Class of 2022?And now, may I ask the Class of 2022 to consider all those who have supported your arrival at this milestone, and to please rise and recognize them?Thank you!*Our excitement today is tempered by global turbulence. We can see the peril

57、s of conflict and crisis around the world. Yet, as I look out onto this courtyard, I also can see the promise of those well prepared to better our collective future.Old Campus is filled anew with the boundless potential of graduates who offer cause for hope.Throughout the country on this weekend and

58、 those weekends surrounding it, presidents of colleges and universities are inspiring their graduating seniors by telling them that have received the very best education possible, and that as educated adults they are now ready to go out and make the world a better place. This is, of course, true in

59、many respects, and I have certainly spoken on other Commencement weekends of the importance of improving the world for this and future generations.But I would like you, graduating seniors from Yale College, to depart from this place with a somewhat different mindset. I am going to urge you to recogn

60、ize that your excellent education allows you to listen to others carefully, consider what they have to say, and sometimes come to a new point of view. I am suggesting todaya day filled with pride of accomplishmentto recognize, at the same time, the value of intellectual humility. Today, I wish to fo