1、絕密啟用前2018 年普通高等學校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英語試題及答案（考試時間：120 分鐘 試卷滿分：150 分）注意事項：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2. 回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3. 考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力 （ 共兩節(jié)，滿分30 分 ）做題時， 先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié) （共 5 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分7.5 分）聽

2、下面 5 段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、 B、 C 三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10 秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例： How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15. B. £ 9.18.C. £ 9. 15.C 。答案是1.what will James do tomorrow ?C.Write a report.B.Give a talk. A.Watch a TV program.2 .What can we say about the woman?A.She's g

3、enerour.B.She's curious.C.She's helpful.3 .When does the traif leave?P.comA.At 6:30.B.At8:30. C.At 10:30.4 .How does the wonar sRwr?mA.By car.B.On foot.C.By bike5 .What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Classmates.B.Teacher and student. C.Doctor and patient.1第二節(jié)（共15 小題；每小題1

4、.5 分，滿分22.5 分）聽下面5 段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、 B、 C 三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5 秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5 秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第 6 段材料，回答第6、 7 題。6 .What does the woman regret?A.Giving up her research.B.Dropping out of college.C.Changiny her major.7 .What is the woman interested in studying now?A.Ec

5、ology.8 .Education. C.Chemistry.9 題。聽第7 段材料，回答第8、8.What is the man?C.A taxi driver.B.A tour guide.A.A hotel manager.9.what is the man doing for the woman?A.looking for some local foods.B.Showing her around the seaside.C.Offering information about a hotel.12 題。 10 聽第 8 段材料，回答第至10.Where does the conve

6、rsation probably take place?C.At a restaurant.B.At homeA.In an office.11 .What will the speakers do tomorow evening?C.work extra hours.A.Goto a concert. B.Visit a friend12 .Who is Alice going to call?C.Catherine .A.Mike . B.Joan聽第 9 至 1316 題。段材料，回答第13.why does the woman meet the man?A.To look at an

7、apartment.B.To deliver some furniture.C.To have a meal together. 214 .What does the woman like about the carpet?A.Its color.B.Its design. C. Its quality .15 .What does the man say about the kitchen?A.It's a good size. B.It's newly painted.C. It's adequately equipped .16 .What will the wo

8、man probably do next?A.Go downtown. B.Talk with her friend. C.Make payment .聽第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 題。17 .Who is the speaker probably talking to?A.Movie fans .B.News reporters. C.College students . 18.When did the speaker take Engishlclasses? wwn A.Before he left his hometown.B.After he came to America

9、.C.When he was 15 years old.19 .How does the speaker feel about his teacher?A.He's proud.B.He's sympathetic. C.He's grateful .20 .What does the speaker mainly talk about ?A.How education shaped his life.B.How his language skills improved. C.How he managed his business well.第二部分閱讀理解 （ 共兩節(jié)

10、，滿分40 分 ）第一節(jié)（共 15 小題；每小題2分，滿分30 分 ）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、 B、 C 和 D 四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AWashington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration TourThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world -famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers ofWashington, D.C. Your guide wil

11、l provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability the cherry blossoms disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour 3Duration:3 hours （4 miles）Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Was

12、hington, D.C. Explore themonuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guidedtour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfec

13、t tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experienceWashington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tourroute（路線） make cycling bet

14、ween the sites fun and relaxing.z.xxkWashington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration:3 hours（7miles）Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National M

15、all. Frequent stops are made forphoto taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water.All ridersare equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21 .Whichtour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C.B. Wash

16、ington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.D. Enjoy interesting stories.C. Visit well -known museums.23. Which o

17、f the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps. B. Cameras.C. MealsD. Safety lightsBGood Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, butshe is cooking4up a storm in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and nutriti

18、ous meals on a tight budget.In Save Money: Good Food , she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbuttoffers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under £ 5 per family a day. And the GoodMorning Britain presenter says she's been able

19、to put a lot of what she's leant into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11.We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant, she explains. I pay £ 5 for a portion（份），but Matt makes them for 26P a portion

20、, because they are flour, water, sugarand oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.The eight-part series（系列節(jié)自），Save Money: Good Food , follows in the footsteps of ITV's SaveMoney:Good Health , which gave viewers advice on

21、 how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family eachweek. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget.The

22、team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.8. She has started a new programme.D. She has had a light budget for her family.C. She dislikes working early in the m

23、orning.25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?A. He buys cooking materials for her. B. He prepares food for her kids.D. He invites guest families for her.C. He assists her in cooking matters.26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?A. Summarize the previous paragraphs. B. Provide some ad

24、vice for the readers.D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.C. Add some background information.27. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Keeping Fit by Eating SmartB. Balancing Our Daily DietD. Cooking Well for LessC. Making yourself a Perfect ChefCLanguages have been coming and going for th

25、ousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming)groups and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter -gatherers,small, tightly knit ( 聯(lián)系 developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years5ago, whe

26、n the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages toobecame more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development

27、 of thenation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communicationsin the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such asEnglish Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has

28、about 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.Thegeneral rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zoneshave lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about1,000. Africa

29、2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for wellover 800. Themedian number ( 中位數(shù) )of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken byfewer people than that.z.x.xkAlready well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages a

30、re close to extinction( 消亡 ), with only a few elderlyspeakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). LipanApache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question -mark): none of these seemsto have much chance of s

31、urvival.28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B. They were large in number.C. They had similar patters.D. They were closely connected29. Which of the following best explainsdominant underlined in paragraph 2 ？A.Complex.B. Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modem

32、.30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?A.About 6 800B.About 3 400C.About 2.400D.About 1 -20031. What is the min idea of the text?A. New languages will be created.B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languagesC. Human development results in fewer languagesD. Geograp

33、hy determines language evolution.6DWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices( 裝置 ) well after they go out of style. That's bad news forthe environment and our wallet

34、s as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer onesthat do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at theRochesterInstitute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its l

35、ife fromwhen its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how homeenergy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation Desktop computers, basicmobile phones, and box -set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene

36、 in 1997. And MP3 players,smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e -readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. The living -room television isreplaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one da

37、y, you have a TV in every room of the house, saidone researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007.We're not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team,old desktop monitors and

38、box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption andcontribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution （解決方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers alsoexploredwhat would

39、 happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on -demand entertainment viewing ontablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What doe

40、s the author think of new devices?A. They are environment -friendly. B. They are no better than the old.D. They go out of style quickly.C. They cost more to use at home.33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To

41、update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy? 7A. The box -set TV.B. The tablet.D. The desktop computer.C. The LCD TV .35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them

42、.B. Take them apart.D. Recycle them.C. Upgrade them.）小題；每小題第二節(jié)（共52分，滿分10分 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。tosomething Color is fundamental in homedesignyou'll always have in every room. A how grasp ofmanage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love

43、 to live in. Do you want a room,color is the that's full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this

44、importantBut good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions 37, they can get a littlecomplex .point. .you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.t of us use to add . They're the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mir

45、rors and baskets that mos 38 .colorful a than less expensive buying walls tiring interest visual to our rooms .Less than painting your andsofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable . tables such are Medium color choices generally furniture pieces as

46、sofas, dinner or bookshelvesthe effect have and smaller than ones, they a more powerful on commitment a They 39 . require biggerfeeling of a space.rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether you're looking at The large color decisions in your .40 wallpaper or paint, the time, effort a

47、nd relative expense put into it are significant. .A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you're looking forC. If you're experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar withE. It's not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it

48、pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways8）分（共兩節(jié)，滿分45第三部分 語言知識運用）科網(wǎng) 30 分學共20 小題；每小題1.5 分，滿分第一節(jié)完形填空( 四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。C 和 D 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、 B、 I was told that the educationdepartment was of

49、fering areecourse, , During my second year at the city college after all ,who doesn't want to the idea of taking the class because , called Thinking Chess, for three credits.I 41enough about free 43 42 a few dollars?More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And,even if I weren'tI

50、 45 He was an international grandmaster,which 44 was appealing enough to me. credits,news about our him.I could hardly wait to 47 would be learning from one of the game's 46was no game for him: 48 Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this .5049 that our cr

51、edits would be hard -earned. In order to he meant business. In his introduction,he made it 一the class ,among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to ourand learned life lessons that have 53 ,to our lives. I managed to get an A in that future profe

52、ssions and, 5254 served me well beyond themost The absolute 55 me: " putting Ashley, I'm still to use what he Ten years after my chess class with .On every single move you have that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 important 56your all move from among is doing and 59 the

53、 best your to 58 a situation ,process what opponent（對手）as a journalist. 60 options." These words still ring true today in myD. turned downC. tried out B. jumped at 41. A. put forwardD. pay42. A. wasteC. save B. earnE. tired B. worried C. moved 43. A. excitedC. textbook B. competitor 44. A. titl

54、eD. instructorD. meant 45. A. urged B. demanded C. heldC. best 46. A. fastest D. rarest B. easiestC. challengeB. qualification C. honorD. observe C. skipD. compareC. apply 51. A. addB. meet 47.A. interview D. beatD. job 48. A. chance50. A. attend B. passB. exposeD. normally52. A. eventually C. direc

55、tly B. naturallyD. experiment 53. A. game C. courseB. presentation54. A. criterion B. classroom D. situation C. department955. A. taught B. wroteD. promised C. questionedD. skill C. mannerB. step 56. A. factCompressionsB. decisions 57. A. grades D. comments58. A. analyzeD. control C. rebuildB. descr

56、ibeC. block D. evaluateB. signal 59. A. announceC. concernD. behavior B. desire 60. A. role分，滿分15分)第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入 1個適當?shù)膯?詞或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(long) than non - runners. 61 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years .(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke,

57、be overweight and still reduce 62 You don't have to run fast or for long(die) early by running.While(be) more effective at lengthening lifethe review also made a studyit's exercise The best is one that youreview forever, the regatesalstly cann't make you live 63 risk of running yourwalki

58、ng, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of 6564says it .showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced 66 published in 201467 (cause).the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all .knee avoid probably running. To do. and will But otherwise enjoygood hills and get 68 (strength)your leg muscles( 肌肉),avoid surfaces,do pain,you can run