1、Whats this?What are these?Whats this?What are these?Whats this?What are these?一：一： 可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則定義：可數(shù)名詞分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)。名詞單數(shù)就是該詞本身， 在其前面加“a”或“an”1) 單數(shù)名詞如：a desk(一張桌子)an old desk(一張舊書桌) 什么時候用什么時候用“a”, 什么時候用什么時候用“an”a用在以輔音音素讀音開頭的單前 an用在以元音音素讀音開頭的單詞前 hat European book useful book apple onion egg hour

2、1: 一般在詞尾加s，如：book-books，bag-bags2: 以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的名詞加es，如: bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches, class-classes, sandwich-sandwiches3: 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i再加es，讀iz； 如：baby babies , boy boysstory-stories, candy-candies, country-countries區(qū)別： 元音字母+y結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時， 直接加“s”變復(fù)數(shù)。 （元音字母有 a e i o u）monkey-monkeys holiday

3、-holidays boy-boys 4. 以o結(jié)尾的名詞加es 的有：Negroes and heroes eat tomatoes and potatoes. 口訣： 黑人和英雄吃土豆和西紅柿其余的以o結(jié)尾的名詞，加s。 如：zoozoos photophotos5. 以f、fe結(jié)尾的名詞變f、fe為ves, 如：wolfwolves wife wives life lives knife knives leaf-leaves thief-thieves half-halves shelf-shelves6.單復(fù)同形的名詞有：Chinese Japanese sheep deer fish

4、 注意：fish當一條魚講時，單復(fù)數(shù)同形， 如three fish.當強調(diào)魚的種類時，要加es. 如：all kindskaindz of fishes .各種各樣的魚 當魚肉講時，不可數(shù)。7.名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化： manmen woman women toothteeth footfeet goose geese mousemice childchildren 常見不可數(shù)名詞，不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。water(水) milk(牛奶) tea(茶) rice(米飯) orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包）不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量關(guān)系可借助量詞表示，如。a cup of tea t

5、wo cups of teaHow many修飾可數(shù)名詞 There are some books on the table?(對劃線部分提問)How many books are there on the table?How many的用法：（1）對there be句型中主語的數(shù)量如:some,five,only one等提問時,如果主語是可數(shù)名詞,不管主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)一般都用復(fù)數(shù)形式提問,因為問話人不知道具體的數(shù)量是多少,而且many只能接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,所以be一定要用are.即用How many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+are there+地點/時間狀語?的句型結(jié)構(gòu).例如:1.There i

6、s a book on the desk.(用how many改為特殊疑問句)How many books are there on the desk?規(guī)律總結(jié)：how many用來修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù),句式： How many+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+一般疑問句?記憶口訣how many在句首,名詞復(fù)數(shù)跟著走,一般問句緊相隨,其它成分不要丟.How much修飾不可數(shù)名詞 How much rice do you have?How much還有個用法是How many沒有的,就是問價格,例如：How much is the hat?帽子多少錢?用many,much 填空： 1.How _ is that skirt? 2. How _ people are there in your family? 3. How _ rice do you need? 4. I have _toys in my house. 5. How _ bread is there in the box?1. -What do you eat for your breakfast? - I eat _. A. a egg and some breads B. an egg and some bread C. an egg and some breads2. I want _ apple juice. I feel