1、2015年6月大學(xué)英語六級考試真題第一套PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionA1. A)Prepareforhisexams.B)Catchuponhiswork.C)Attendtheconcert.D)Goonavacation.2. A)Threecrewmemberswereinvolvedintheincident.B) Noneofthehijackerscarriedanydeadlyweapons.C) TheplanehadbeenscheduledtoflytoJapan.D) Noneofthepassengersw

2、ereinjuredorkilled.3. A)Anarticleabouttheelection.B)Atediousjobtobedone.C)Anelectioncampaign.D)Afascinatingtopic.4. A)Therestaurantwasnotuptothespeakersexpectations.B) Therestaurantplacesmanyadsinpopularmagazines.C) ThecriticthoughthighlyoftheChineserestaurant.D) Chinatownhasgotthebestrestaurantinth

3、ecity.5. A)Heisgoingtovisithismotherinthehospital.B) Heisgoingtotakeonanewjobnextweek.C) Hehasmanythingstodealwithrightnow.D) Hebehavesinawaynobodyunderstands.6. A)Alargenumberofstudentsrefusedtovotelastnight.B) Atleasttwentystudentsareneededtovoteonanissue.C) Majorcampusissueshadtobediscussedatthem

4、eeting.D) Morestudentshavetoappeartomaketheirvoiceheard.7. A)Thewomancanhardlytellwhatshelikes.B) ThespeakerslikewatchingTVverymuch.C) ThespeakershavenothingtodobutwatchTV.D) ThemanseldomwatchedTVbeforeretirement.8. A)Thewomanshouldhaveretiredearlier.4B) Hewillhelpthewomansolvetheproblem.C) Hefindsi

5、thardtoagreewithwhatthewomansays.D) Thewomanwillbeabletoattendtheclassesshewants.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9. A)Persuadethemantojoinhercompany.B)Employthemostup-to-datetechnology.C)Exportbikestoforeignmarkets.D)Expandtheirdomesticbusiness.10. A)Thestatesubsidizessmallan

6、dmediumenterprises.B) Thegovernmenthascontroloverbicycleimports.C) Theycancompetewiththebestdomesticmanufactures.D) Theyhaveacostadvantageandcanchargehigherprices.11. A)Extracostsmighteatuptheirprofitsabroad.B) Moreworkerswillbeneededtodopackaging.C) Theymightlosetoforeignbikemanufacturers.D) Itisve

7、rydifficulttofindsuitablelocalagents.12. A) Report to the management.C) Conduct a feasibility study.B) Attract foreign investments.D) Consult financial experts.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.13. A)Coalburntdailyforthecomfortofourhomes.B) Anythingthatcanbeusedtoproducepower.

8、C) Fuelrefinedfromoilextractedfromunderground.D) Electricitythatkeepsallkindsofmachinesrunning.14. A)Oilwillsoonbereplacedbyalternativeenergysources.B) Oilreservesintheworldwillbeexhaustedinadecade.C) Oilconsumptionhasgivenrisetomanyglobalproblems.D) Oilproductionwillbegintodeclineworldwideby2015.15

9、. A)Minimizetheuseoffossilfuels.B)Startdevelopingalternativefuels.C)Findtherealcauseforglobalwarming.D)Takestepstoreducethegreenhouseeffect.SectionBPassageOneQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16. A)Theabilitytopredictfashiontrends.B)Arefinedtasteforartisticworks.C)Yearsofpracticale

10、xperience.D)Strictprofessionaltraining.17. A)PromotingallkindsofAmericanhand-madespecialities.B) Strengtheningcooperationwithforeigngovernments.C) Conductingtradeinartworkswithdealersoverseas.D) Purchasinghandicraftsfromallovertheworld.18. A)Shehasaccesstofashionablethings.B)Sheisdoingwhatsheenjoysd

11、oing.C)Shecanenjoylifeonamodestsalary.D)Sheisfreetodowhatevershewants.PassageTwoQuestions19to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19. A)Joininneighborhoodpatrols.C)Voicehiscomplaintstothecitycouncil.20. A)Deteriorationinthequalityoflife.C)Renovationofthevacantbuildings.21. A)Theymaytakealongtimeto

12、solve.C) Theyhavetobedealtwithonebyone.B)Getinvolvedinhiscommunity.D) Makesuggestionstothelocalauthorities.B)Increaseofpolicepatrolsatnight.D)Violationofcommunityregulations.B)Theyneedassistanceformthecity.D)Theyaretoobigforindividualefforts.22. A)Hehadgotsomegroceriesatabigdiscount.B) Hehadreadafun

13、nyposternearhisseat.C) Hehaddoneasmalldeedofkindness.D) Hehadcaughtthebusjustintime.PassageThreeQuestions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.23. A)Childhoodandfamilygrowth.B)Pressureanddisease.C)Familylifeandhealth.D)Stressanddepression.24. A)Itexperiencedaseriesofmisfortunes.B)Itwasintheproc

14、essofreorganization.C) Hismotherdiedofasuddenheartattack.D)Hiswifelefthimbecauseofhisbadtemper.25.A)Theywouldgivehimatriplebypasssurgery.D) Theycouldremovetheblockinhisartery.E) Theycoulddonothingtohelphim.F) Theywouldtryhardtosavehislife.SectionCWhenmostpeoplethinkoftheword“education”,theythinksoaf

15、saoprtuopfilaanimatesausagecasing.Intothisemptycasting,theteachers(26)stuff“education.”Butgenuineeducation,asSocratesknewmorethantwothousandyearsago,isnot(27)thestuffingofinformationintoaperson,butratherelicitingknowledgefromhim;itisthe(28)ofwhatisinthemind.“Themostimportantpartofeducation,o”ncewrot

16、eWilliamErnestHocking,the(29)Harvardphilosopher,“isthisinstructionofamaninwhathehasinsideofhim.”And,asEdithHamiltonhasremindedus,Socratesneversaid,“Iknow,learnfromnHesaid,rather,“Lookintoyourownselvesandfindthe(30)ofthetruththatGodhasputintoeveryheartandthatonlyyoucankindle(點燃)toa(31).”Inadialogue,S

17、ocratestakesanignorantslaveboy,withoutadayof(32),andprovestotheamazedobserversthattheboyreally“knows“begeoseettieprinciplesofgeometryarealreadyinhismind,waitingtobecalledout.Somanyofthediscussionsand(33)aboutthecontentofeducationareuselessandinconclusivebecausethey(34)whatshould“gointo”thestudentrat

18、herthanwithwhatshouldbetakenout,andhowthiscanbestbedone.Thecollegestudentwhooncesaidtome,afteralecture,“IspendsomuchtimestudyingthatIdonthaveachancetolearnanything,”wasclearlyexpressinghis(35)withthesausagecasingviewofeducation.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)ReadingcomprehensionSectionAInnova

19、tion,theelixir(靈丹妙藥)ofprogress,hasalwayscostpeopletheirjobs.IntheIndustrialRevolutionhandweaverswere_36_asidebythemechanicalloom.Overthepast30yearsthedigitalrevolutionhas_37_manyofthemid-skilljobsthatunderpinned20th-centurymiddle-classlife.Typists,ticketagents,banktellersandmanyproduction-linejobsha

20、vebeendispensedwith,justastheweaverswere.Forthosewhobelievethattechnologicalprogresshasmadetheworldabetterplace,suchdisruptionisanaturalpartofrising_38_.Althoughinnovationkillssomejobs,itcreatesnewandbetterones,asamore_39_societybecomesricheranditswealthierinhabitantsdemandmoregoodsandservices.Ahund

21、redyearsagooneinthreeAmericanworkerswas_40_onafarm.Todaylessthan2%ofthemproducefarmorefood.Themillionsfreedfromthelandwerenotrendered_41_,butfoundbetter-paidworkastheeconomygrewmoresophisticated.Todaythepoolofsecretarieshas_42_,butthereareevermorecomputerprogrammersandwebdesigners.Optimismremainsthe

22、rightstarting-point,butforworkersthedislocatingeffectsoftechnologymaymakethemselvesevidentfasterthanits43.Evenifnewjobsandwonderfulproductsemerge,intheshorttermincomegapswillwiden,causinghugesocialdislocationandperhapsevenchangingpolitics.Technologys44willfeellikeatornado（旋風(fēng)），hittingtherichworldfirs

23、t,but45sweepingthroughpoorercountriestoo.Nogovernmentispreparedforit.AbenefitsBdisplacedCemployedDeventuallyEimpactFjoblessGprimarilyHproductiveIprosperityJresponsiveKrhythmLsentimentsMshrunkNsweptOwithdrawnSectionBWhytheMonaLisaStandsOutA Haveyoueverfallenforanovelandbeenamazednottofinditonlistsofg

24、reatbooks?Orwalkedaroundasculpturerenownedasaclassic,strugglingtoseewhatthefussisabout?Ifso,youveprobablyponderedthequestionCuttingaskedhimselfthatday:howdoesaworkofartcometobeconsideredgreat?B Theintuitiveansweristhatsomeworksofartarejustgreat:ofintrinsicallysuperiorquality.Thepaintingsthatwinprime

25、spotsingalleries,gettaughtinclassesandreproducedinbooksaretheonesthathaveprovedtheirartisticvalueovertime.Ifyoucantseetheyresuperior,thatyourproblem.Itsanintimidatinglyneatexplanation.Butsomesocialscientistshavebeenaskingawkwardquestionsofit,raisingthepossibilitythatartisticcanonsarelittlemorethanfo

26、ssilisedhistoricalaccidents.C Cutting,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,wonderedifapsychologicalmechanismknownasthe“m-rxposureeffectplayedaroleindecidingwhichpaintingsrisetothetopoftheturalleague.Cuttingdesignedanexperimenttotesthishunch.Overalecturecourseheregularlyshowedundergraduatesworksofimpression

27、ismfortwosecondsatatime.Someofthepaintingswerecanonical,includedinart-historybooks.Otherswerelesserknownbutofcomparablequality.Thesewereexposedfourtimesasoften.Afterwards,thestudentspreferredthemtothecanonicalworks,whileacontrolgroupofstudentslikedthecanonicalonesbest.Cuttingstudentshadgrowntoliketh

28、osepaintingsmoresimplybecausetheyhadseenthemmore.D Cuttingbelieveshisexperimentoffersaclueastohowcanonsareformed.Hepointsoutthatthemostreproducedworksofimpressionismtodaytendtohavebeenboughtbyfiveorsixwealthyandinfluentialcollectorsinthelate19thcentury.Thepreferencesofthesemenbestowedprestigeoncerta

29、inworks,whichmadetheworksmorelikelytobehungingalleriesandprintedinanthologies.Thefamepasseddowntheyears,gainingmomentumfrommereexposureasitdidso.Themorepeoplewereexposedto,themoretheylikedit,andthemoretheylikedit,themoreitappearedinbooks,onpostersandinbigexhibitions.Meanwhile,academicsandcriticscrea

30、tedsophisticatedjustificationsforitspre-eminence.Afterall,itsnotjustthemasseswhotendtoratewhattheyseemoreoftenmorehighly.AscontemporaryartistslikeWarholandDamienHirsthavegrasped,criticalacclaimisdeeplyentwinedwithpublicity.aScholarsCuttingargues,“arenodifferentfromthepublicintheeffectsofmereexposure

31、.”E TheprocessdescribedbyCuttingevokesaprinciplethatthesociologistDuncanWattscalls“cumulativeadvantage”:onceathingbecomespopular,itwilltendtobecomemorepopularstill.Afewyearsago,Watts,whoisemployedbyMicrosofttostudythedynamicsofsocialnetworks,hadasimilarexperiencetoCuttinginanotherParismuseum.Afterqu

32、euingtoseethe”MonaLisa”initsclimat-econtrolledbulletproofboxattheLouvre,hecameawaypuzzled:whywasitconsideredsosuperiortothethreeotherLeonardosinthepreviouschamber,towhichnobodyseemedtobepayingtheslightestattention?F WhenWattslookedintothehistoryof“thegreatestpaintingofalltime”,hediscoveredformostofi

33、tslife,the“MonaLisa”remainedinrelativeobscurity.Inthe1850s,LeonardodaVinciwasconsiderednomatchforgiantsofRenaissanceartlikeTitianandRaphael,whoseworkswereworthalmosttentimesasmuchasthe“MonaLisa”It.wasonlyinthe20thcenturythatLeonardosportraitofhispatronswiferocketedto-otnheesnpuomt.bWerhatpropelledit

34、therewasntascholarlyr-eevaluation,butatheft.G In1911amaintenanceworkerattheLouvrewalkedoutofthemuseumwiththe“MonaLishiddenunderhissmock.Parisianswereaghastatthetheftofapaintingtowhich,untilthen,theyhadpaidlittleattention.Whenthemuseumreopened,peoplequeuedtoseethegapwherethe“MonaLisa”hadoncehunginawa

35、ytheyhadneveredofonrthepaintingitself.Fromthenon,the“MonaLisa”cametorepresentWesterncultureitself.H Althoughmanyhavetried,itdoesseemimprobablethatthepaintingsuniquestatuscanbeattributed entirely to the quality of its brushstrokes. It ha the viewer around the room. But as the painting reality the eff

36、ect can be obtained from any portrait.s been said that the subjects biographer, DonayldlySnaostnaostseoso,s eyes follown, dr “ InDuncan Watts proposes that theIismerelyanextremeexampleofageneralrule.Paintings,poemsandpopsongsarebuoyedorsunkbyrandomeventsorpreferencesthatturnintowavesofinfluence,ripp

37、lingdownthegenerations.I “Sayingthatculturalobjectshavevalue,”BrianEnooncewyirnogteth,atteleph“oniesslikesahaveconversations.Ne”arlyalltheculturalobjectsweconsumearrivewrappedininheriteds. Visitors to theopinion;ourpreferencesarealways,tosomeextent,someoneelseknowtheyareabouttovisitthegreatestworkof

38、arteverandcomeawayappropriatelyHamlet ” know it is regarded as a workimpressedorletdown.Anaudienceataperformanceofofgenius,sothatiswhattheymostlysee.Wattsevencallsthepre-eminenceofShakespearea“historicalaccident”.J Althoughtherigidhigh-lowdistinctionfellapartinthe1960s,westillusecultureasabadgeofide

39、ntity.Todaysfashionforeclecticism“IloveBach,Abbais,anSdhaJmayusZKhan,a”ColumbiaUniversitypsychologist,argues,anewwayforthemiddleclasstodistinguishthemselvesfromwhattheyperceivetobethenarrowtastesofthosebeneaththeminthesocialhierarchy.K Theintrinsicqualityofaworkofartisstartingtoseemlikeitsleastimpor

40、tantattribute.Butperhapsitsmoreifsiciganntthanoursocialscientistsallow.Firstofall,aworkneedsacertainqualitytobeeligibletobeswepttothetopofthepile.The“MonaLisa”maynotbeaworworldchampion,butitwasintheLouvreinthefirstplace,andnotbyaccident.Secondly,somestuffissimplybetterthanotherstuff.Read“Hamlet”afte

41、rreadingeventhegreatestofShakespearescontemporaries,andthedifferencemaystrikeyouasunarguable.L AstudyintheBritishJournalofAestheticssuggeststhattheexposureeffectdoesntworkthesamewayoneverything,andpointstoadifferentconclusionabouthowcanonsareformed.Thesocialscientistsarerighttosaythatweshouldbealitt

42、leskepticalofgreatness,andthatweshouldalwayslookinthenextroom.Greatartandmediocritycangetconfused,evenbyexperts.Butthatswhyweneedtosee,andread,asmuchaswecan.Themorewereexposedtothegoandthebad,thebetterweareattellingthedifference.Theeclecticistshaveit.46. AccordingtoDuncanWatts,thesuperiorityoftheMon

43、aLisatoLeonardosotherworksresultedfromthecumulativeadvantage.47. Somesocialscientistshaveraiseddoubtsabouttheintrinsicvalueofcertainworksofart.48. Itisoftenrandomeventsorpreferencesthatdeterminethefateofapieceofart.49. Inhisexperiment,Cuttingfoundthathissubjectslikedlesserknownworksbetterthancanonic

44、alworksbecauseofmoreexposure.50. Theauthorthinksthegreatnessofanartworkstillliesinitsintrinsicvalue.51. Itistrueofcriticsaswellasordinarypeoplethatthepopularityofartisticworksiscloselyassociatedwithpublicity.52. Weneedtoexposeourselvestomoreartandliteratureinordertotellthesuperiorfromtheinferior.53.

45、 Astudyofthehistoryofthegreatestpaintingssuggestsevenagreatworkofartcouldexperienceyearsofneglect.54. Cultureisstillusedasamarktodistinguishonesocialclassfromanother.55.Opinionsaboutandpreferencesforculturalobjectsareofteninheritable.SectionCPassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whe

46、ntherightpersonisholdingtherightjobattherightmoment,thatpersonsinfluenceisgreatlyexpanded.ThatisthepositioninwhichJanetYellen,whoisexpectedtobeconfirmedasthenextchairoftheFederalReserveBank(Fed)inJanuary,nowfindsherself.Ifyoubelieve,asmanydo,thatunemploymentisthemajoreconomicandsocialconcernofourday

47、,thenitisnostretchtothinkYellenisthemostpowerfulpersonintheworldrightnow.Throughoutthe2008financialcrisisandtherecessionandrecoverythatfollowed,centralbankshavetakenontheroleofstimulatorsoflastresort,holdinguptheglobaleconomywithvastamountsofmoneyintheformofassetbuying.Yellen,previouslyaFedvicechair

48、,wasoneoftheprincipalarchitectsoftheFeds$3.8trillionmoneydump.Astareconomistknownforhergroundbreakingworkonlabormarkets,Yeilenwasakindofprophetessearlyoninthecrisisforherwarningsaboutthesubprime次級債meltdown.NowitwillbeherjobtogettheFedandthemarketsoutofthebiggestandmostunconventionalmonetaryprogramin

49、historywithoutderailingthefragilerecovery.ThegoodnewsisthatYellen,67,isparticularlywellsuitedtomeetthesechallenges.Shehasakeenunderstandingoffinancialmarkets,anappreciationfortheirimperfectionsandastrongbeliefthathumansufferingwasmorerelatedtounemploymentthananythingelse.SomeexpertsworrythatYellenwi

50、llbeinclinedtochaseunemploymenttotheneglectofinflation.Butwithwagesstillrelativelyflatandtheeconomyincreasinglydividedbetweenthewell-offandthelong-termunemployedmorepeopleworryabouttheopposite,deflation通貨緊縮thatwouldaggravatetheeconomysproblems.Eitherway,theincomingFedchiefwillhavetowalkafinelineinsl

51、owlyendingthestimulus.Itmustbesteadyenoughtodeflatebubbles去泡沫andbringmarketsbackdowntoearthbutnotsoquickthatitcreatesanothercreditcrisis.UnlikemanypastFedleaders,Yellenisnotonetobuyintothefinanceindustrysargumentthatitshouldbeleftalonetoregulateitself.SheknowsallalongtheFedhasbeentooslackonregulatio

52、noffinance.Yellenislikelytoaddressrightaftershepushesunemploymentbelow6%,stabilizesmarketsandmakessurethattherecoveryismoreinclusiveandrobust.AsPrincetonProfessorAlanBlindersaysShessmartasawhip,deeplylogical,willingtoarguebutalsoagoodlistener.Shecanpersuadewithoutcreatinghostility.AHthosetraitswillb

53、eusefulastheglobaleconomysnewpowerplayertakesonitsmostannoyingproblems.56. WhatdomanypeoplethinkisthebiggestproblemfacingJanetYellen?A)Lackofmoney.B)Subprimecrisis.C)Unemployment.D)Socialinstability.57.WhatdidYellenhelptheFeddototacklethe2008financialcrisis?A) Takeeffectivemeasurestocurbinflation.B)

54、 DeflatethebubblesintheAmericaneconomy.C) Formulatepoliciestohelpfinancialinstitutions.D) Pourmoneyintothemarketthroughassetbuying.58. Whatisagreaterconcernofthegeneralpublic?A)Recession.B)Deflation.C)Inequality.D)Income.59. WhatisYellenlikelytodoinherpositionastheFedchief?A)Developanewmonetaryprogr

55、am.B)Restorepublicconfidence.C)Tightenfinancialregulation.D)Reformthecreditsystem.60. HowdoesAlanBlinderportrayYellen?A) Shepossessesstrongpersuasivepower.B) Shehasconfidenceinwhatsheisdoing.C) Sheisoneoftheworldsgreatesteconomists.D) SheisthemostpowerfulFedchiefinhistory.PassageTwoQuestions61to65ar

56、ebasedonthefollowingpassage.Airpollutionisdeterioratinginmanyplacesaroundtheworld.Thefactthatpublicparksincitiesbecomecrowdedassoonasthesunshinesprovesthatpeoplelongtobreatheingreen,openspaces.Theydonotallknowwhattheyareseekingbuttheyflockthere,nevertheless.And,inthesesurroundings,theyaregenerallybo

57、thpeacefulandpeaceable.Itisraretoseepeoplefightinginagarden.Perhapsstruggleunfoldsfirst,notataneconomicorsociallevel,butovertheappropriationofair,essentialtolifeitself.Ifhumanbeingscanbreatheandshareair,theydontneedtostrugglewithoneanother.Unfortunately,inourwesterntradition,neithermaterialistnoride

58、alisttheoreticiansgiveenoughconsiderationtothisbasicconditionforlife.Asforpoliticians,despiteproposingcurbsonenvironmentalpollution,theyhavenotyetcalledforittobemadeacrime.Wealthycountriesareevenallowedtopolluteiftheypayforit.Butisourlifeworthanythingotherthanmoney?Theplantworldshowsusinsilencewhatfaithfulnesstolifeconsistsof.Italsohelpsustoanewbeginning,