Lessons 53新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)課后答案詳解詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study cause與reason (1)cause作名詞時(shí)最重要的含義是原因、起因： A fireman accidentally discovered the cause of the fire.一個(gè)消防隊(duì)員偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了起火的原因。 Do you know the cause of the war?你知道這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的起因嗎?(cause通常與of連用) cause作動(dòng)詞時(shí)能夠表示使產(chǎn)生/發(fā)生、引起： Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or cigarette ends.森林火災(zāi)時(shí)常由碎玻璃或香煙頭引起。 What caused the accident?事故是如何造成的? (2)reason作名詞時(shí)最重要的含義是理由、原因： Give me your reasons for going there.請(qǐng)告訴我你去那里的理由。 What was the reason for the delay?延遲的原因是什么? 作原因講時(shí)，reason與cause能夠互相交換使用，但reason與介詞for連用，而cause則與介詞of連用： What was the cause of the delay?(譯文同上) reason后面通常跟why引導(dǎo)的從句： That was the reason why the meeting was put off.這就是會(huì)議推遲的原因。 reason作動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示推理、勸導(dǎo)、說(shuō)服等： How can you reason with him when he is so worried?他現(xiàn)在如此擔(dān)心，你怎么能勸得了他?throw throw作及物動(dòng)詞主要含義為投、擲、拋、扔。當(dāng)它與不同的介詞或副詞連用時(shí)，其意義會(huì)稍有變化。throw away表示扔掉、丟棄;throw at表示對(duì)準(zhǔn)某一目標(biāo)扔;throw to則表示扔給(某人)： Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly.很多人隨手亂扔香煙頭。 Shall I throw this old newspaper away?我把這舊報(bào)紙扔掉好嗎? Dont throw stones at the dog/ the window.別對(duì)著狗/窗子扔石頭。 I threw the ball to John but Tom caught it.我把球扔給約翰，但湯姆接住了球。 drop與fall drop既可作及物動(dòng)詞又可作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示(使)掉下、(使)落下、放下： As he walked past the tree, an apple dropped from it.當(dāng)他走過(guò)那棵樹(shù)時(shí)，一個(gè)蘋(píng)果從樹(shù)上掉了下來(lái)。 The waiter dropped a fork.那侍者掉了一把叉子。 He dropped the bag on the floor.他把包放在地板上。 fall通常為不及物動(dòng)詞，表示落下、(雨、雪)下、降、跌倒、摔倒： I fell and hurt myself.我摔倒了并受了傷。 Please hold the vase and dont let it fall.請(qǐng)拿住這花瓶，別讓它倒了。 When leaves fall in autumn, Ill come back.秋天葉落時(shí)，我就會(huì)回來(lái)。練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises 1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案 A What happened： began(1.2);examined(1.4);were not able to find(1.5);did not start(1.6);discovered(1.7); noticed (1.8);was wound(1.8);was able to solve(1.9);dropped (1.10); wound(1.11); it did so(1.11); sent(1.11); started(1.11) What has happened： have put out(1.1) What has been happening： have been trying to find(1.2) C Jack looked at his watch for the twentieth time. Suddenly Jill arrived. Ive been waiting for over an hour,he said angrily.You never come on time. Oh, is that so?Jill answered.Were you here at 2.30?Jack went red.Well,he said,I go here five minutes late myself, but you werent here. I came here at exactly 2.30,Jill said,and I waited for five minutes, but you didnt come. What have you been doing since then?Jack asked.Ive just been to the hairdressers,Jill answered brightly. 2.難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案 a Look： you threw the potato-peeler away by mistake. The shepherd threw some food to his dogs. The teacher threw some chalk at a boy who wasnt listening. b Im quite certain these are my glasses. The children are very quiet. Whats going on? c The cause of unemployment is complicated. Can you explain the reason for changing our arrangements? He reasoned that we would have to comply