高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江西省臨川區(qū)2025屆高三下學(xué)期第一次模擬測試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ALookingforanewwaytocommuteorhavefunonthemove?Theseinnovativepersonaltransportoptionsoffersomethingforeveryone-fromhigh-techshoestobikesandscooters.ZUUMSHOES￡477ZUUMTECH.COMSimplystepontheZuumshoes,strapinandthefootsensorwillcontrolyourdriveasyou“skate”along.Movingyourweightforwardsandbackwardsdeterminesyourspeedanddirection.However,theZuumShoesgiveyouthefreedomtomoveyourfeetindividuallyforgreaterdexterity(靈巧)asyouride.Theycantraveladistanceofsevenmilesonasinglecharge.BYBP8￡1,400TERNBICYCLES.COMTheBYBP8canbeacitycommuter’sbestfriend.Abletofolddownaround30percentsmallerthantraditionalfoldingbikes,itcaneasilyfitintonarrowspaces.Atjust14.3kilograms,itisalightweightbicycletonavigatebusytrainstations.Therearealsosomehandyextrafeaturescommuterswillappreciate,likeaMetrotransitrackandfree-spinningwheels.AIKETPRO￡1,399RIDEAIKE.COMThisfoldableelectricscooterhasatopspeedof15milesperhour.Itschargeablebatterysuppliesenoughpowerforarangeof24miles.Youcantrackyourspeedandbatterylifethroughitsdisplay.Italsocomeswithacompanionappwhichletsyoutrackitslocationandreceivetripsummaries.HIBOYBK1￡312.35HIBOY.COMHiboyBKIelectricalbalancebike,designedforchildrenbetween2and5,canbetheperfectbiketoteachthemhowtoride.Withalittlepowerboost,thisbikecanreachmodestspeedsofuptoninemilesperhour.Whenthepowerrunsout,itoperateslikeatypicalbike.1.Whichpersonaltransportbestsuitsdailytraintravelers?A.ZUUMSHOES. B.BYBP8. C.AIKETPRO. D.HIBOYBK1.2.WhatdoZuumShoesandAIKETPROhaveincommon?A.Theyfeaturefoldabledesigns. B.Theyincludecompanionapps.C.Theyuserechargeablebatteries. D.Theyofferweight-responsivecontrol.3.Whatisthetext?A.Ausers’guide. B.Asportsreview.C.Atechnewsreport. D.Anadvertisement.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章列舉了幾種創(chuàng)新的個人出行工具，包括高科技鞋子、自行車和滑板車，旨在為尋找新的出行方式或移動樂趣的人提供選擇?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BYBP8￡1,400TERNBICYCLES.COM部分的描述“Abletofolddownaround30percentsmallerthantraditionalfoldingbikes,itcaneasilyfitintonarrowspaces.Atjust14.3kilograms,itisalightweightbicycletonavigatebusytrainstations.(它可以折疊起來，比傳統(tǒng)的折疊自行車小30%左右，可以很容易地放入狹窄的空間。它的重量只有14.3公斤，是一輛輕便的自行車，可以在繁忙的火車站行駛)”可知，BYBP8自行車因其小巧輕便的設(shè)計，非常適合日常乘坐火車的通勤者。故選B項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZUUMSHOES￡477ZUUMTECH.COM部分的句子“Theycantraveladistanceofsevenmilesonasinglecharge.(它們充一次電可以行駛7英里)”和AIKETPRO￡1,399RIDEAIKE.COM部分的句子“Itschargeablebatterysuppliesenoughpowerforarangeof24miles.(它的充電電池提供的電力足夠行駛24英里)”可知，ZuumShoes和AIKETPRO的共同點是它們都使用了可充電電池。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一段“Lookingforanewwaytocommuteorhavefunonthemove?Theseinnovativepersonaltransportoptionsoffersomethingforeveryone-fromhigh-techshoestobikesandscooters.(尋找一種新的通勤方式或在移動中享受樂趣？這些創(chuàng)新的個人交通選擇為每個人提供了一些東西——從高科技鞋子到自行車和滑板車)”可知，文章介紹了幾種不同的個人交通工具，并提供了它們的價格和特點，目的是吸引消費者購買。因此，這是一篇廣告。故選D項。BInasmallvillageinSindh,Pakistan,myjourneybeganwithawoodencane,herdingbuffalo(野牛)alongthevillage’sedge.Lifewassimple,withmudhomesandgreenfields,yetmydreamswerevast.Oneday,agroupofstudentsinuniformssparkedmycuriosity.Idemandedtoseetheirbooks,andtheillustrationswithinfueledmyimagination.Ideclaredmydreamtoattendschool.Thedayswerefilledwiththerhythmicsoundofbuffalohoovesandtheearthysmellofthefields.Despitethehumblebeginnings,myheartlongedfortheworldbeyondthevillage.Monthspassedinroutineuntilmyuncle,amanoffewwordsbutgreatauthority,convincedmyparentsofthevalueofeducation.Ienrolledinprimaryschool,eagertolearn,mymindabsorbingeverylessonlikeasponge.MyacademicsuccesswasmetwithridiculewhenIdesiredtostudyinKarachi,adistantcityknownforitsbustlingenergyandeducationalinstitutions.Thevillagersfounditamusing,aboyfromthefieldsdreamingofsuchheights.Despitedepressionandanear-tragicmoment,mybrother’swords,“YourChallengesAreStepping-StonestoSuccess,”echoed.Iturnedtowriting,findingcomfortandrecognitioninthepagesofmynotebook.Yearslater,collegefeewasanotherbarrier,amountainofdebtthatseemedunconquerable.ButIfoundapart-timejobatanewspaper,whichledtoaninternshipinHyderabadandthenacareerincalligraphyandadvertising.Theinternshipwasaturningpoint,aglimpseintoaworldIhadonlydreamedof,wheremyskillswerevaluedandmypotentialwasrecognized.Reflectingonthepast,thelaughterofdoubtersholdsnopower.Mystoryisawitnesstothepowerofdreamsandhardwork.Itprovesthatwithbeliefinoneselfandthecouragetouseone’stalents,anythingispossible.Ihopemyjourneyinspiresotherstochasetheirdreams,regardlessoftheobstacles,andtobelievethateverychallengeisanopportunitytorisehigher.4.Whatcontributedtotheauthor’senrollmentinprimaryschool?A.Hisuncle’spersuasiononhisparents.B.Hispersistentdemandforeducation.C.Thevillage’straditionalemphasisoneducation.D.Hisoutstandingacademicperformanceinself-learning.5.HowdidthevillagersreactwhenIexpressedmydesiretostudyinKarachi?A.Theywereindifferenttoit. B.Theymadefunofit.C.Theysupporteditcautiously. D.Theyconsideredittough.6.Whichadjectivescanbestdescribetheauthor?A.HumorousandAdaptable. B.SensitiveandDiligent.C.LuckyandOpportunistic. D.AmbitiousandResilient.7.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthispassage?A.APleasantJourneyofPursuingAcademicSuccess.B.FromHerdingBuffalotoAttainingCareerSuccess.C.ValuableLessonsfromMyAcademicPursuit.D.HowIEscapedfromaPakistanVillage.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了自己從巴基斯坦信德省一個小村莊里放牛娃，懷揣夢想，在叔叔勸說父母后得以進(jìn)入小學(xué)，后渴望去卡拉奇求學(xué)雖遭村民嘲笑，但憑借信念和努力，克服大學(xué)學(xué)費等重重障礙，最終獲得事業(yè)成功的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Monthspassedinroutineuntilmyuncle,amanoffewwordsbutgreatauthority,convincedmyparentsofthevalueofeducation.Ienrolledinprimaryschool(幾個月過去了，一切照舊，直到我那位寡言卻極具權(quán)威的叔叔讓我父母相信了教育的價值。我才得以進(jìn)入小學(xué))”可知，是叔叔對作者父母的勸說，使得作者能夠進(jìn)入小學(xué)。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thevillagersfounditamusing,aboyfromthefieldsdreamingofsuchheights.(村民們覺得這很可笑，一個來自田間的男孩竟然夢想如此高遠(yuǎn))”可知，當(dāng)作者表達(dá)想去卡拉奇學(xué)習(xí)的愿望時，村民們對此加以嘲笑。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Lifewassimple,withmudhomesandgreenfields,yetmydreamswerevast.(生活很簡單，住著泥屋，周圍是綠色田野，但我的夢想很遠(yuǎn)大)”以及“Oneday,agroupofstudentsinuniformssparkedmycuriosity.Idemandedtoseetheirbooks,andtheillustrationswithinfueledmyimagination.Ideclaredmydreamtoattendschool.(一天，一群穿著校服的學(xué)生引發(fā)了我的好奇心。我要求看他們的書，書中的插圖激發(fā)了我的想象力。我宣布了我要上學(xué)的夢想)”可推知，盡管身處簡單的鄉(xiāng)村環(huán)境，作者卻懷揣著上學(xué)等遠(yuǎn)大夢想，體現(xiàn)出有抱負(fù)。根據(jù)第三段“MyacademicsuccesswasmetwithridiculewhenIdesiredtostudyinKarachi,adistantcityknownforitsbustlingenergyandeducationalinstitutions.Thevillagersfounditamusing,aboyfromthefieldsdreamingofsuchheights.Despitedepressionandanear-tragicmoment,mybrother’swords,“YourChallengesAreStepping-StonestoSuccess,”echoed.Iturnedtowriting,findingcomfortandrecognitioninthepagesofmynotebook.(當(dāng)我渴望去以充滿活力和教育機(jī)構(gòu)聞名的遙遠(yuǎn)城市卡拉奇學(xué)習(xí)時，我的學(xué)業(yè)成就卻遭到了嘲笑。盡管經(jīng)歷了沮喪和近乎悲劇的時刻，但我哥哥“你的挑戰(zhàn)是成功的墊腳石”這句話在我耳邊回響。我轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)懽鳎诠P記本的字里行間找到了慰藉和認(rèn)可)”以及第四段“Yearslater,collegefeewasanotherbarrier,amountainofdebtthatseemedunconquerable.ButIfoundapart-timejobatanewspaper,whichledtoaninternshipinHyderabadandthenacareerincalligraphyandadvertising.(幾年后，大學(xué)學(xué)費是另一個障礙，那是一筆看似無法逾越的巨額債務(wù)。但我在一家報社找到了一份兼職工作，這讓我在海得拉巴獲得了實習(xí)機(jī)會，然后開啟了書法和廣告領(lǐng)域的職業(yè)生涯)”可知，作者面對來自村民的嘲笑、學(xué)費等諸多困難，并未放棄，而是積極想辦法克服，表現(xiàn)出堅韌的品質(zhì)。故選D?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。作者講述了自己從巴基斯坦信德省一個小村莊里放牛娃，懷揣夢想，在叔叔勸說父母后得以進(jìn)入小學(xué)，后渴望去卡拉奇求學(xué)雖遭村民嘲笑，但憑借信念和努力，克服大學(xué)學(xué)費等重重障礙，最終獲得事業(yè)成功的經(jīng)歷。所以短文的標(biāo)題為“從放牛到獲得事業(yè)成功”。故選B。CInsatelliteimagesoftheEarthfromspace,theUnitedStatesseemstosplitinhalf:theeasternsideismuchbrighterthanthewest.AcrosstheAtlantic,Europeglints.TheNileDeltainAfricaglowslikeadiamond.Farthereast,HongKongandShanghaiareafire.Developedsociety,it’sclear,iswherethelightis.Agrowingfieldofresearchsuggeststhatnight-timelightitselfisfarmoredangerousthanthedark.Everythingthatlivesonthisplanetevolvedduringbillionsofyearsalongareliablecycleofdayandnight.Butartificiallightbreaksthecycle.Thiscausessleeplessnessamongastronautswhotakepillsbutstillgetonlysixhoursofshuteye.Shiftworkers,whorisewiththenightandworkinbluelight,experiencenotonlydisturbedcircadianrhythms(晝夜節(jié)律),butanincreasedlikelihoodofbreastcancer.Whenwe,intheindustrializedworld,domanagetoturnoffthelights,therearemeasurable,beneficialeffects.Inawidelyreportedpaperlastsummer,KennethWrightattheUniversityofColoradotookeightstudentscampingintheRockyMountainsfortwoweeks.Theyweren’tallowedtouseanyartificiallightaftersunset—onlytheglowofcampfire.Afteraweek,melatonin(褪黑素)startedtoriseatsunset,peakatmidnight,anddecreasejustatsunrise.“Internalbiologicaltimeundernaturallight-darkconditionstightlysynchronizeswithenvironmentaltime,”hesaid.Forthoseofusaddictedtoourglowingphonesandtablets,anappcalledFluxcanhelp.It‘warms’yourdevice’sdisplayscreensothatitshiftsredintheevening,morecloselymatchingthecolorofthesettingsun.Justabriefglimpseatyourmobilephoneatbedtimeisenoughtoexposeyoureyestoartificiallight,sofightingsuchadisturbancemightbeanexerciseinvain.Butevenifwecan’tcompletelycontainourthirstforlight,wecanallmakeonesmallgesture,whichcouldstimulateustounplugalittlemore.8.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.Darknessposeshealththreatstoshiftworkers.B.Sleeplessnessaremorelikelytocausebreastcancer.C.Humanscaneasilyadapttothechangingsurroundings.D.Astronautstakepillstominimizeday-and-nightcycledisturbance.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“synchronizewith”inparagraph3mean?A.Correspondto. B.Interactwith.C.Objectto. D.Blendwith.10.HowdoesFluxhelpreducetheharmfuleffectsofartificiallight?A.Byblockingartificiallights. B.Bywarmingthescreentemperature.C.Byreducingscreenbrightness. D.Bycreatingthenaturalchangeoflight.11.What’sthepurposeofthefinalsentence?A.Tosettleadebate. B.Tosuggestasolution.C.Topromoteaproduct. D.Tocontradictanassumption.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了人工夜光對生物節(jié)律和健康的危害，并呼吁減少使用發(fā)光設(shè)備?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thiscausessleeplessnessamongastronautswhotakepillsbutstillgetonlysixhoursofshuteye.(這導(dǎo)致服用安眠藥的宇航員仍只能獲得六小時睡眠)”可知，宇航員服用藥物是為了緩解晝夜節(jié)律被打亂導(dǎo)致的睡眠問題。故選D?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Afteraweek,melatonin(褪黑素)startedtoriseatsunset,peakatmidnight,anddecreasejustatsunrise.

(一周后，褪黑素水平開始隨著日落而上升，在午夜時分達(dá)到峰值，并隨著日出逐漸下降)”可知，人體生物鐘在自然光下與環(huán)境時間“同步”，劃線短語synchronizeswith與選項A含義相近，意為“與……一致”。故選A。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Forthoseofusaddictedtoourglowingphonesandtablets,anappcalledFluxcanhelp.

It‘warms’yourdevice’sdisplayscreensothatitshiftsredintheevening,morecloselymatchingthecolorofthesettingsun.

(對于那些沉迷于發(fā)光手機(jī)和平板電腦的人來說，一款名為Flux的應(yīng)用程序可以提供幫助。該功能會使設(shè)備屏幕‘變暖’，在傍晚時分逐漸轉(zhuǎn)為紅色調(diào)，更接近落日余暉的色溫)”可知，F(xiàn)lux通過調(diào)整屏幕顏色接近夕陽的紅光，模擬自然光線變化。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。最后一段最后一句“Butevenifwecan’tcompletelycontainourthirstforlight,wecanallmakeonesmallgesture,whichcouldstimulateustounplugalittlemore.(但即便我們無法徹底抑制對光明的渴望，至少可以做一個小小舉動，這或許能激勵我們稍離電子設(shè)備，重拾自然節(jié)律)”可知，建議人們采取小行動，屬于提出解決方案。故選B。DSeeingorhearingsomeoneyawncanmakeyouyawn.Thisphenomenonisnotlimitedtohumans;someanimalsexperiencecontagiousyawning,too.Butwhyisyawningcontagious?Braincellscalledmirrorneurons(鏡像神經(jīng)元),whichrespondtoactionsthatweobserveinothers,mayplayarole.“Whenyouseesomeoneyawn,thoseneuronsfireup,”saidAndrewGallup,aprofessorofbehavioralbiology.Thismechanismmayexplainwhyyawningspreadssoeasilywithinsocialgroups.Researchhasalsoshownthatpeopleandanimalsaremorelikelytoyawninresponsetoyawnsfromfamiliarindividualscomparedwithstrangers.Forexample,ina2013study,dogsyawnedmorefrequentlywhenwatchingtheirowneryawnthanwhenwatchingastrangeryawn.Thispattern,knownasthe“familiaritybias”,islikelydrivenbyattentionalbiases,asindividualsnaturallypaycloserattentiontothosewithintheirsocialcircles.Onehypothesis(假說)isthatcontagiousyawningevolvedtoboostthreatdetectionwithingroups.Ina2007studypublishedinEvolutionaryPsychology,Gallupandcolleaguesfoundthatyawninghelpscoolthebrain.Thiscoolingeffectmayimprovealertnessandmentalprocessingefficiencyintheyawner.Ifyawningspreadsthroughagroup,itcouldhelpenhancethegroup’sthreatawareness,theteamproposed.Anotherhypothesisisthatcontagiousyawningevolvedtokeepgroupsinsync.Yawnsfollowanaturalrhythmandoftensignaltransitionsbetweenactivities.So,whenyawningspreadswithinagroup,groupmembersareconsistentinactivitypatternsandbehavior.SupportforthishypothesiscomesfromarecentstudyonwildAfricanlions.Theresearchersobservedyawnsfrom19lionsandtrackedtheconnectionbetweencontagiousyawningandbehavioralconsistency—whenindividualsshowthesamechangesinbehavior.Theresultswerestriking:Lionsthat“caught”ayawnfromanotherlionwere11timesmorelikelytomirrorthemovementsofthelionthatyawnedfirst,comparedwithlionswhohadn’tcaughttheyawn.Attheendoftheday,contagiousyawningislessaboutbeingtiredandmoreaboutconnection.“It’syourbrain’squietwayofgettingintunewiththepeople(andsometimespets)aroundyou.”12.Whatisthemechanismofcontagiousyawning?A.Drawingspecialattentiontofamiliarindividuals.B.Activatingthemirrorneuronstoreduceyawning.C.Triggeringmirrorneuronstoimitateobservedactions.D.Observingsimilaractionstomakeconstantresponses.13.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Familiaritybiasstimulatesgroupbehavior.B.Socialbondsdrivecontagiousyawning.C.Fullattentiondominatesyawningpatterns.D.Socialcirclesgrabmoregroupattention.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“insync”inparagraph5mean?A.Atthesamefrequency. B.Inclosecooperation.C.Withthesamebehavior. D.Insimilarcircumstances.15.Whyisyawningcontagious?A.Forprotectionofevolution. B.Inpursuitofempathy.C.Inconsequenceoftiredness. D.Inlightofconnection.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要探討了打哈欠會傳染的原因?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Braincellscalledmirrorneurons(鏡像神經(jīng)元),whichrespondtoactionsthatweobserveinothers,mayplayarole.“Whenyouseesomeoneyawn,thoseneuronsfireup,”saidAndrewGallup,aprofessorofbehavioralbiology.Thismechanismmayexplainwhyyawningspreadssoeasilywithinsocialgroups.(一種叫做鏡像神經(jīng)元的腦細(xì)胞，對我們觀察到的他人的行為做出反應(yīng)，這可能起到了一定作用。行為生物學(xué)教授安德魯?蓋洛普說：“當(dāng)你看到有人打哈欠時，那些神經(jīng)元就會被激活”這種機(jī)制可以解釋為什么打哈欠在社會群體中如此容易傳播)”可知，打哈欠傳染的機(jī)制是觸發(fā)鏡像神經(jīng)元來模仿觀察到的打哈欠行為。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Researchhasalsoshownthatpeopleandanimalsaremorelikelytoyawninresponsetoyawnsfromfamiliarindividualscomparedwithstrangers.Forexample,ina2013study,dogsyawnedmorefrequentlywhenwatchingtheirowneryawnthanwhenwatchingastrangeryawn.Thispattern,knownasthe“familiaritybias”,islikelydrivenbyattentionalbiases,asindividualsnaturallypaycloserattentiontothosewithintheirsocialcircles.(研究還表明，與面對陌生人打哈欠相比，人和動物更有可能對熟悉個體的哈欠做出回應(yīng)，跟著打哈欠。例如，在2013年的一項研究中，狗看到主人打哈欠時，比看到陌生人打哈欠時，打哈欠的頻率更高。這種模式被稱為“熟悉度偏見”，它很可能是由注意力偏差導(dǎo)致的，因為個體自然會更關(guān)注自己社交圈子里的對象)”可知，人們和動物對熟悉個體的打哈欠更容易產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)，說明社交聯(lián)系推動了打哈欠的傳染。故選B?！?4題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第五段“So,whenyawningspreadswithinagroup,groupmembersareconsistentinactivitypatternsandbehavior.(因此，當(dāng)打哈欠在一個群體中傳播時，群體成員在活動模式和行為上是一致的)”以及“Theresultswerestriking:Lionsthat‘caught’ayawnfromanotherlionwere11timesmorelikelytomirrorthemovementsofthelionthatyawnedfirst,comparedwithlionswhohadn’tcaughttheyawn.(結(jié)果令人震驚：與沒有被傳染打哈欠的獅子相比，被其他獅子傳染打哈欠的獅子模仿先打哈欠獅子動作的可能性要高出11倍)”可知，“insync”指的是群體成員有相同的行為。故選C。【15題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Attheendoftheday,contagiousyawningislessaboutbeingtiredandmoreaboutconnection.(歸根結(jié)底，打哈欠傳染與其說是因為疲勞，不如說是關(guān)于聯(lián)系)”可知，打哈欠傳染是因為聯(lián)系。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Marketingresearchcangiveabusinessapictureofwhatkindsofnewproductsandservicesmaybringaprofit.____16____Byresearchingtheanswerstospecificquestions,small-businessownerscanlearnwhethertheyneedtochangetheirpackagedesignoradjusttheirdeliverymethods.____17____FailuretodomarketresearchbeforeyoubeginabusinessventureorduringitsoperationislikedrivingacarfromTexastoNewYorkwithoutamaporstreetsigns.Youhavetoknowwhichdirectiontotravelandhowfasttogo.____18____Itwillalsotellyouwhentheyaremostlikelyandwillingtopurchaseyourgoodsoruseyourservices.Whenyouconductmarketingresearch,youcanusetheresultseithertocreateabusinessandmarketingplanortomeasurethesuccessofyourcurrentplan.That’swhyit’simportanttoasktherightquestions,intherightway,oftherightpeople.____19____Thegoalofprimaryresearchistogatherdatafromanalyzingcurrentsalesandtheeffectivenessofcurrentpractices.Primaryresearchalsotakescompetitors’plansintoaccount,givingyouinformationaboutyourcompetition.____20____Withsecondarydata,youcanidentifycompetitors,establishbenchmarks(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))andidentifytargets.Yourtargetsarethepeoplewhofallintoyourtargetedpopulation:peoplewholiveacertainlifestyle,exhibitparticularbehavioralpatternsorfallintoapredeterminedagegroup.A.Research,donepoorly,canleadabusinessinthewrongdirection.B.Nosmallbusinesscansucceedwithoutunderstandingitscustomers.C.Sometimestheyevenconsiderofferingadditionalservicesaccordingly.D.Amarketresearchplanislikeamapindicatingwhereyourcustomersare.E.Relyingonthepublishedworkofothersdoesn’tgiveyouthefullpicture.F.Itcanalsotellcompanieswhethertheyaremeetingtheircustomers’needs.G.Thegoalofsecondaryresearchistoanalyzedatathathasalreadybeenpublished.【答案】16.F17.C18.D19.A20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。市場調(diào)研可以讓企業(yè)了解什么樣的新產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)可以帶來利潤，為企業(yè)經(jīng)營指明方向。文章對市場調(diào)研的作用進(jìn)行了介紹?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Marketingresearchcangiveabusinessapictureofwhatkindsofnewproductsandservicesmaybringaprofit.”（市場調(diào)研可以讓企業(yè)了解什么樣的新產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)可以帶來利潤。）可知，此處是講市場調(diào)研的作用，所以選項F（它還可以告訴公司他們是否滿足了客戶的需求。）切合文意。故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)前文“Byresearchingtheanswerstospecificquestions,small-businessownerscanlearnwhethertheyneedtochangetheirpackagedesignoradjusttheirdeliverymethods.”（通過研究特定問題的答案，小企業(yè)主可以了解他們是否需要改變他們的包裝設(shè)計或調(diào)整他們的交付方法。）可知，此處是講小企業(yè)主通過研究特定問題的答案會采取一些提高銷量的措施，所以選項C（有時他們甚至考慮提供相應(yīng)的額外服務(wù)。）切合文意。故選C?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)前文“FailuretodomarketresearchbeforeyoubeginabusinessventureorduringitsoperationislikedrivingacarfromTexastoNewYorkwithoutamaporstreetsigns.”（在創(chuàng)業(yè)之前或經(jīng)營期間沒有做市場調(diào)查，就像開車從德克薩斯州到紐約，沒有地圖和路標(biāo)一樣。）可知，此處是講市場調(diào)查就像地圖一樣，所以選項D（一份市場調(diào)查計劃就像一份地圖，標(biāo)明你的客戶在哪里。）切合文意。故選D?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)前文“That’swhyit’simportanttoasktherightquestions,intherightway,oftherightpeople.”（這就是為什么用正確的方式向正確的人提出正確的問題很重要。）可知，此處是講市場調(diào)查一定要正確實施，否則會導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的后果，所以選項A（研究如果做得不好，可能會把企業(yè)引向錯誤的方向。）切合文意。故選A?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Withsecondarydata,youcanidentifycompetitors,establishbenchmarks(標(biāo)準(zhǔn))andidentifytargets.”（借助次級數(shù)據(jù)，您可以確定競爭對手，建立基準(zhǔn)和確定目標(biāo)。）可知，此處是講次級研究，所以選項G（次級研究的目標(biāo)是分析已經(jīng)發(fā)表的數(shù)據(jù)。）切合文意。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。SimonGriffithsisthefounderofWhoGivesACrap,acompanythathas____21____thetoiletpaperindustry.Hisjourneybeganwitha(n)____22____statistic—atoiletisnot____23____to2.4billionpeople,about40%oftheworld!WhilevolunteeringinAsiaandAfrica,Simon____24____organizationsdoingincrediblethingstohelppeoplethere,butthelackofsustainablefundinggreatly____25____theirwork.Inspiredbyhisexperienceindevelopingcountries,Simon____26____tosellgoodstomakeadifference.Butwhatshouldhesell?Oneday,Simonwalkedintothebathroomandagoodidea____27____him:hecouldselltoiletpaperanddonatehalfprofitstohelpfundorganizationsbuildtoilets.WhoGivesACrapwasborn.Toooften,peoplebuyproductsthat____28____totheirtastebutwithoutcleverpackaging,sohis____29____wastocreatesomethingthat____30____qualityandaesthetics(美學(xué)),sothatpeoplewouldwanttoputitintheirbathroom.Itwasnotbeyondtheir____31____thattheirgoodssoldwell.TheirdonationtoWaterAidAustraliahasgrownfromtheinitial2,00AUDto5.85millionAUD,theybecomingitslargest____32____.Wheninterviewed,Simonsaid“ItriedvariousjobsbeforeWhoGivesACrap.Butafterworkinginbothcorporateandnon-profitorganizations,I____33____Iwantedtocombinebusinesswithsocial____34____soIfoundthewaytouseprofitsfromeverydayproductstodogood____35____.”21.A.created B.occupied C.transformed D.disturbed22.A.interesting B.shocking C.obvious D.awesome23.A.invisible B.sensitive C.accessible D.unique24.A.announced B.witnessed C.imagined D.suggested25.A.tookup B.weighedup C.heldback D.appealedto26.A.revealed B.revised C.resigned D.resolved27.A.annoyed B.struck C.bothered D.chose28.A.subscribe B.react C.stick D.correspond29.A.intention B.attitude C.assumption D.criterion30.A.ignored B.combined C.evaluated D.adopted31.A.expectation B.description C.passion D.occupation32.A.partner B.client C.opponent D.donor33.A.blamed B.denied C.recognized D.detected34.A.impacts B.careers C.prospects D.conflicts35.A.globally B.immediately C.appropriately D.individually【答案】21.C22.B23.C24.B25.C26.D27.B28.D29.A30.B31.A32.D33.C34.A35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。SimonGriffiths創(chuàng)立了WhoGivesACrap，通過銷售環(huán)保廁紙并捐贈利潤來改善全球衛(wèi)生條件，成功轉(zhuǎn)型了廁紙行業(yè)。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：SimonGriffiths是WhoGivesACrap的創(chuàng)始人，這是一家改變了衛(wèi)生紙行業(yè)的公司。A.created創(chuàng)建；B.occupied占據(jù)；C.transformed改變；D.disturbed打擾。根據(jù)下文“Toooften,peoplebuyproductsthat…totheirtastebutwithoutcleverpackaging,sohis…wastocreatesomethingthat…qualityandaesthetics(美學(xué)),sothatpeoplewouldwanttoputitintheirbathroom.”可知，人們購買的產(chǎn)品符合自己的品味，但沒有巧妙的包裝，所以他的意圖是創(chuàng)造一種結(jié)合質(zhì)量和美學(xué)的東西，這樣人們就會想把它放在他們的浴室里，這家公司改變了行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的旅程從一個令人震驚的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字開始——有24億人無法使用廁所，約占世界人口的40%！A.interesting有趣的；B.shocking令人震驚的；C.obvious明顯的；D.awesome極好的。根據(jù)下文“to2.4billionpeople,about40%oftheworld!”可知，指24億人沒有廁所可用，約占世界人口的40%，這是令人震驚的數(shù)據(jù)。故選B?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的旅程從一個令人震驚的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字開始——有24億人無法使用廁所，約占世界人口的40%！A.invisible看不見的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.accessible可到達(dá)的；D.unique獨特的。根據(jù)下文“toatoilet”可知，這里是指沒有使用廁所的權(quán)利或機(jī)會。accessibleto“有機(jī)會使用”。故選C。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在亞洲和非洲做志愿者時，Simon目睹了一些組織在那里的驚人工作，但缺乏可持續(xù)資金大大阻礙了他們的工作。A.announced宣布；B.witnessed見證，目睹；C.imagined想象；D.suggested建議。根據(jù)下文“organizationsdoingincrediblethingstohelppeoplethere”可知，這里是說他目睹了那些組織的工作。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意同上。A.tookup占據(jù)；B.weighedup權(quán)衡；C.heldback阻礙；D.appealedto吸引。根據(jù)上文“organizationsdoingincrediblethingstohelppeoplethere,butthelackofsustainablefundinggreatly”可知，資金缺乏阻礙了他們的工作。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：受到在發(fā)展中國家的經(jīng)歷的啟發(fā)，Simon決定通過銷售商品來改變世界。A.revealed透露；B.revised修訂；C.resigned辭職；D.resolved決定。根據(jù)下文“tosellgoodstomakeadifference”可知，這里是指他決定要出售商品。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，Simon走進(jìn)浴室，突然想到一個好主意：他可以賣廁紙，然后把一半的利潤捐贈給一些組織，幫助他們建造廁所。A.annoyed使惱怒；B.struck突然想到；C.bothered困擾；D.chose選擇。根據(jù)下文“hecouldselltoiletpaperanddonatedhalfprofitstohelpfundorganizationsbuildingtoilets”可知，Simon突然想到一個好主意。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：很多時候，人們購買的產(chǎn)品符合自己的品味，但沒有巧妙的包裝，所以他的意圖是創(chuàng)造一種結(jié)合質(zhì)量和美學(xué)的東西，這樣人們就會想把它放在他們的浴室里。A.subscribe訂閱；B.react反應(yīng)；C.stick堅持；D.correspond符合。根據(jù)上文“peoplebuyproducts”和下文“totheirtaste”可知，這里是指人們購買的產(chǎn)品符合人們的口味。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.intention意圖；B.attitude態(tài)度；C.assumption假設(shè)；D.criterion標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)后文“sothatpeoplewouldwanttoputitintheirbathroom.”可知，創(chuàng)造一種結(jié)合質(zhì)量和美學(xué)的東西，這樣人們就會想把它放在他們的浴室里，這是他的意圖或目的。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.ignored忽視；B.combined結(jié)合；C.evaluated評估；D.adopted采納。根據(jù)后文“qualityandaesthetics”可知，這里是指結(jié)合質(zhì)量和美學(xué)。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的貨物賣得很好，這是意料之中的。A.expectation期望；B.description描述；C.passion激情；D.occupation職業(yè)。根據(jù)下文“thattheirgoodssoldwell”可知，貨物賣得很好，這是他們預(yù)料之中的，沒有超出他們的預(yù)期。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們對WaterAidAustralia的捐贈從最初的2500澳元增長到585萬澳元，成為其最大的捐贈者。A.partner伙伴；B.client客戶；C.opponent對手；D.donor捐贈者。根據(jù)上文“TheirdonationtoWaterAidAustraliahasgrownfromtheinitial2,500AUDto5.85millionAUD,theybecomingitslargest”可知，他們捐贈了很多，他們成為其最大的捐贈者。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但在公司和非營利組織工作后，我認(rèn)識到我想把商業(yè)和社會影響結(jié)合起來，所以我找到了用日常產(chǎn)品的利潤在全球做好事的方法。A.blamed責(zé)備；B.denied否認(rèn)；C.recognized認(rèn)識到；D.detected檢測。根據(jù)下文“Iwantedtocombiningbusinesswithsocial”可知，這里是指他認(rèn)識到了把商業(yè)和社會影響結(jié)合起來這一點。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.impacts影響；B.careers事業(yè)；C.prospects前景；D.conflicts沖突。根據(jù)上文“TheirdonationtoWaterAidAustraliahasgrownfromtheinitial2,500AUDto5.85millionAUD(他們對澳大利亞水援助組織的捐款已經(jīng)從最初的2500澳元增加到585萬澳元)”可知，Simon意識到想把商業(yè)和社會影響結(jié)合起來。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.globally全球地；B.immediately立刻；C.appropriately恰當(dāng)?shù)?；D.individually個別地。根據(jù)上文“hecouldselltoiletpaperanddonatedhalfprofitstohelpfundorganizationsbuildingtoilets(他可以出售廁紙，并將一半利潤捐贈給建造廁所的組織)”可知，Simon想在全球范圍內(nèi)做好事。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThetraditionalpaperumbrellaisoneofChina’soriginalinventions,____36____(believe)tohaveexistedinChinasincetheearly1stcenturyCE.WhileChinaisnot____37____homeoftheumbrellaastheancientinvention—thehonorbelongs____38____AncientEgyptover3,500yearsago,Chinaisstilloneoftheearliestsources.Initiallyumbrellas____39____(create)fromleaves,buttheChineseweremostlikelythefirsttodevelopumbrellasfromsilk____40____especiallyoilpaperaround2,000yearsback.AccordingtovariousChinesehistorians,thebeginningsoftheChineseumbrellainvolvethesmallerparasols(陽傘),____41____backthenwereusednotonlyasaprotectivemeasurefromrainandthesun’sheatbutalsoasasymbolofpower.Thatis,the____42____(big)theumbrellaandthemorepeopleneededtocarryit,themorepowerfulthepersonundertheumbrellawas.Theearliestpaperandsilkumbrellaswerealreadycarefullymadewithlightbamboo,typically____43____(weigh)onlyafewhundredgrams.However,