高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省南京市六校聯(lián)合體2025-2026學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期8月學(xué)情調(diào)研考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）請聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanoccupyherselfindoing?A.Takingdanceclasses. B.Finishingreports. C.Preparingforalongrace.【答案】C【原文】M:How’slifetreatingyou?W:Prettybusy.I’mtraininghardforthecomingmarathoninourcity.Andyou?M:Well,I’mbusywithsomereportsduringthedayanddanceclassesatnight.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisjob?A.It’senjoyable. B.It’sboring. C.It’sworrying.【答案】A【原文】W:How’syourjobasasoundengineer?Isitboring?M:Definitelynot.It’sarewardingcareer.Ioperatevariousdevicesandbalancethelevelsofdifferentsoundstocreateanengagingaudioexperience.3.Whatisthewomanmainlydoing?A.Sharingexperienceincheckingpricelabels.B.Givingtipsonwashingclothesproperly.C.Praisingtheman’slaundryservice.【答案】B【原文】W:Doyouknowanydosanddon’tsforlaundry?M:Yeah.Alwayscheckcarelabels,right?W:That’sright!Usecoldwaterforcoloredclothesandhotwaterforwhiteclothes.Asfordelicatefabrics,usethegentlecycle.Anddon’tforgettoemptyoutthepockets.M:Gotit,laundryexpert!4.WhomightSarahbe?A.AnHRdirector. B.Asaleswoman. C.Anaccountant.【答案】A【原文】W:Calvin,haveyoumetthenewcomer?Doyouknowifhe’sasalesmanoranaccountant?M:Ihavenoidea.Let’saskSarah.Shedoesthehiringandfiringinourcompany.Sheshouldknowwhoheis.W:Okay.5.Howdidthemangotoworktoday?A.Onfoot. B.Bysubway. C.Bycar.【答案】B【原文】W:Youdidn’tdrivetoworktoday.Didyourcarbreakdown?M:No,mylicenseplatenumberisrestrictedtoday.Itookthesubwayinstead.Itgavemeadifferentfeeling.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。6.Whyisthewomanunwillingtogetanelectroniclock?A.Itistooexpensive.B.Shemightforgetthepassword.C.Itmayhavesometechnicalproblems.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Pickingawell-recognizedbrand.B.Carryingasparetraditionalkey.C.Downloadinganapptotheirsmartphones.【答案】6.C7.A【原文】M:Haveyouconsideredswitchingtoanelectroniclocksinceyouoftenforgetyourkey?Electroniclocksaremoreconvenient,thoughtheyaremoreexpensive.W:I’mnotkeenontheidea.Iworryabouttechnicalissueswithelectronicones.M:Electroniclockshaveadvancedtechnology,andwecanevencontrolthemwithoursmartphones.W:Traditionallockshavebeenreliableforages.AndIpreferthetouchofatraditionalkey.M:Iunderstandyourconcerns.Wecanchoosealeadingbrandandsetupastrongpassword.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。8.WhathasimpressedLisamostaboutherdormitorylife?A.Havingdiscussionsoncourses.B.Watchinglate-nightmovies.C.TakingpartinDIYprojects.9.WhathasLisalearnedfromherdormitorylife?A.Calmness. B.Independence. C.Responsibility.【答案】8.C9.A【原文】M:Lisa,youhavelivedinyourdormitoryfornearlythreeyears.Howdoyoufeel?W:Prettygood!Myroommatesarenice.Weoftenwatchlate-nightmovies.WeoncetriedDIYprojectstogether,whichhasbeenthemostimpressivethingforme.M:Soundslikefun!W:Yeah.Dormitorylifeislikeacrashcourseinreal-worldskills.I’velearnedtostaycalmandhandlethingspositivelyinsteadofjustcomplaining.M:IhopeIcanadapttodormitorylifelikeyoudo.Iwanttobecomemoreindependentandresponsible.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatsubjectdoesthemanteach?A.Worldhistory. B.Literature. C.Science.11.Whatdoesthemanthinkcanbetterhelpstudentsengageinpreservation?A.Holdingsomecompetitions.B.Organizingfieldtripstomuseums.C.Encouragingthemtodovolunteerwork.12.Whatisthepointofpreservingculturalheritageaccordingtothewoman?A.Itteachespeopleaboutdiversity.B.Itconnectspeopletotheirroots.C.Itpositivelyinfluencesthefuture.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【原文】M:I’mplanningtointegrateknowledgeaboutpreservingculturalheritageintoclasses.W:Greatidea.Howdoyouplantodoitinyourliteratureclass?M:Well,Icouldexplorehistoricaltextsanddiscusstheculturalcontextinwhichtheywerewritten.W:Interestingapproach.Inscienceclass,Icantalkaboutthescientifictechniquesusedinpreservation,likeclimatecontrolandmaterialanalysis.M:Wonderful.Now,howdowegetstudentsactivelyinvolvedinpreservation?W:Wecanorganizefieldtripstolocalmuseumsorheritagesites,andencouragethemtodovolunteerwork.M:Exactly.Involvingtheminprojects,likestartingawarenesscampaignsorhostingliteraturecompetitions,couldmakeitmoremeaningful.W:Iagree.Sowhatdoyouthinkisthesignificanceofpreservingculturalheritage?M:Itconnectsustoourroots,developsasenseofidentity,andteachesusaboutdiversity.W:Wellsaid.Preservingourpastisnotjustadutybutawaytoenrichourfuture.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。13.Whatistheman’sfirstpieceofadviceforthewoman?A.Settingoffatherownspeed.B.Wearingahelmetatalltimes.C.Exploringdifferentroutes.14.Wheredoesthemannormallygocycling?A.Alongthecoast. B.Inthenearbypark. C.Inthemountains.15.Whatisthelongestdistancethemanhascycled?A.50kilometers. B.100kilometers. C.150kilometers.16.Whydoesthemanenjoygrouprides?A.Theyhelpbreakhiscyclingrecord.B.Theygivehimasenseofbelonging.C.Theyusuallyinvolveintensecompetition.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B【原文】W:Iheardyouarereallyintocycling,Henry.I’vebeenthinkingaboutgivingitatry.Anytipsforabeginner?M:Definitely!First,getacomfortablebikeandstartatyourownpace.Beginwithshortridesandgraduallyincreasethedistance.Next,alwayswearahelmetforsafety.Plus,don’thesitatetoexploredifferentroutes.W:Goodadvice.Doyouhavearegularcyclingroute?M:Yes.Mostofthetime,Igocyclinginthenearbypark,andsometimesIridealongthecoastorinthemountains.W:Nice.What’sthelongestdistanceyou’vecycled?50kilometers?M:Mybestrecordis3timesthatdistance.W:Amazing!Iadmireyourwillpower.Bytheway,I’veheardaboutgrouprides.Haveyoueverattendedone?M:Yeah.Groupridesarefantastic.Ilikethem.Ienjoymeetingfellowcyclistsandsharingmyexperienceswiththem.Andthere’sagreatsenseofcommunity.It’sallforfun,notforcompetition.W:Cyclingseemslikeagreatwaytostayfitandenjoytheoutdoors.M:Ittrulyis.Giveitashot!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whatwasmentionedintheopenletter?A.TheconcernaboutAIaffectinghumancreativityinwriting.B.TheroleofsciencefictionininfluencingAIdevelopment.C.ThepotentialbenefitsofAIinthefieldofwriting.18.WhatisthemaintopicofthebookHUM?A.Afact-checkingprogramwiththepowertochangefacts.B.ApoetwhoagreestoworkwithanAIpoetrycompany.C.AwifeandmotherwhoisoutofworkduetoAI.19.WhoisRyanDoherty?A.Agovernmentworker. B.Adoctor. C.Adirector.20.WhichworkwascreatedwiththehelpofAI?A.Sike. B.DeathofanAuthor. C.InOurLikeness.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【原文】W:Formanybookwriters,artificialintelligence(AI)isathreattotheirworkandtheveryideaofcreativity.Morethan10,000writerssupportedanopenletterabouttheissuefromtheAuthorsGuildthissummer.TheletterurgedAIcompaniesnottousecopyrightedworkswithoutpermissionorpayment.Atthesametime,AIisastorythatcanbetold,andnolongerexistsonlyinsciencefiction.HelenPhillipsisthewriterofthebookHUM.IttellsofawifeandmotherwholosesherjobbecauseofAI.PhillipssaidthereisahopeinAIforgainingallknowledge,butthereisa“fearofbeingreplacedbynon-humanintelligence”.RyanDohertyisadirectoratCeladonBooks.ItrecentlyagreedtopublishFredLunzker’sbookSike,featuringanAIdoctor.“We’vebeenseeingmoreandmoreaboutAIinbookproposals,”Dohertysaid.OtherAI-relatedbooksincludeDoYouRememberBeingBorn?IttellsofapoetwhoagreestoworkwithanAIpoetrycompany.ThereisalsoInOurLikeness.Ittellsaboutagovernmentworkerandafact-checkingprogramwiththepowertochangefacts.SomewritersarenotjustwritingaboutAI.Theyarealsoopenlyworkingwithit.Earlierthisyear,StephenMarcheusedAItowritetheshortbookDeathofanAuthor.SimonRichworkedwiththeAIprogram“code-davinci-002”tocreateIAmCode.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AGivingbacktothecommunitymakesyourselfandothersfeelgreat.Whetheryouwanttohelpanimals,theenvironment,orpeopleinneed,volunteerwebsitescanmatchyouwithspecificopportunities.VolunteerMatchVolunteerMatchhasmatchedmillionsofpeoplewithwonderfulvolunteeropportunities.Whenyoutypeyourlocationinthesearchbar,VolunteerMatchlistsalltheworkpossibilitiesnearyou.Youcansortseveralpossibilitiesbycause—animals,children,seniors,women,andtheartsarejustsomeofthefilters(過濾器)youcanusetofindtherightvolunteerworkforyou.Sinceweliveinanagewhere

smartphoneappscanhelpsomeone,VolunteerMatchalsoallowsyoutocheckoutvirtualopportunities.Thisletsyoudovolunteerworkfromthecomfortofyourhome.EngageEngage(formerlyAllforGood)

usesyourlocationtofindopportunitiesnearyou.Enterthekindofvolunteerworkyouwanttodointhe

keywords

field,andtheninputyourlocation.Butifyou’renotlookingforaspecifictypeofopportunity,leaveanykeywordsout,enteryourlocation,andhit

search.Engage

providesyouwiththousandsofresultsforyoutochoosefrom.Thesitealsoletsyoufiltertheresultsbyremoteprojects,issuearea,andskillsrequired.JustServeJustServemakessigningupforvolunteerworkabreeze.Onceyoufindanopportunity,signupforanaccountonthewebsiteandshowupattheeventwhenthedaycomes.Typeinthelocationofyourchoicetoviewopportunities.Then,filtertheeventsbyagegroup,volunteerskills,andyourowninterests.JustServenotonlydisplaysone-timeevents,butit’llshowyouongoingopportunitiesaswell.UnitedWayIfyouevervolunteered,you’veprobablyheardofUnitedWay.Thisnonprofitorganizationspecializesingivingbacktothecommunity,especiallyineducation,healthcare,andfundraising.UnitedWayconnectsyouwithawiderangeofopportunitiesthatinvolvesupportingchildren,gardening,construction,therapy,disasterservices,andevenworkingatafoodbank.Tohelpyoufindthebestfit,thesiteletsyousortthroughopportunitiesbyyourskillsandfocusareas.Whenyousearchforopportunities,you’llfindthatUnitedWayinyourareasponsorsmostevents.Togetinvolvedinvolunteerworkoverseas,makesuretocontactyourlocalUnitedWay.21.Whichwebsiteallowsvolunteerstoworkfromhome?A.VolunteerMatch. B.Engage. C.JustServe. D.UnitedWay.22.WhatshouldonedoiftheywanttovolunteeroverseasthroughUnitedWay?A.Signupforanaccountonitsofficialapp. B.Filteropportunitiesby“overseas”keyword.C.ContactthelocalUnitedWaybranch. D.Applydirectlythroughthewebsite’ssearchbar.23.Howdothefourvolunteerwebsiteshelpusersfindsuitableopportunities?A.Byallowingfilteringbasedonspecificneeds.B.Byprovidingfreetrainingforvolunteerskills.C.Byrecommendingoverseasopportunitiesfirst.D.Byfocusingonlyonlong-termvolunteerprojects.【答案】21.A22.C23.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文主要介紹了四個志愿者網(wǎng)站，它們幫助用戶根據(jù)自己的興趣和技能找到合適的志愿服務(wù)機會?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VolunteerMatch部分中的“Sinceweliveinanagewheresmartphoneappscanhelpsomeone,VolunteerMatchalsoallowsyoutocheckoutvirtualopportunities.Thisletsyoudovolunteerworkfromthecomfortofyourhome.(由于我們生活在一個智能手機應(yīng)用程序可以幫助別人的時代，VolunteerMatch也允許你查看虛擬的機會。這可以讓你在家里舒適地做志愿者工作。)”可知，VolunteerMatch網(wǎng)站允許志愿者在家工作。故選A?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)UnitedWay部分中的“Togetinvolvedinvolunteerworkoverseas,makesuretocontactyourlocalUnitedWay.(要參與海外的志愿者工作，一定要聯(lián)系你當(dāng)?shù)氐腢nitedWay。)”可知，如果想通過UnitedWay去海外做志愿者，需要聯(lián)系當(dāng)?shù)氐腢nitedWay。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)VolunteerMatch部分中的“Youcansortseveralpossibilitiesbycause—animals,children,seniors,women,andtheartsarejustsomeofthefilters(過濾器)youcanusetofindtherightvolunteerworkforyou.(你可以根據(jù)類別對幾種可能性進行排序——動物、兒童、老年人、婦女和藝術(shù)只是你可以用來找到適合你的志愿者工作的一些過濾器。)”；Engage部分中的“Engageprovidesyouwiththousandsofresultsforyoutochoosefrom.Thesitealsoletsyoufiltertheresultsbyremoteprojects,issuearea,andskillsrequired.(Engage為你提供了成千上萬的結(jié)果供你選擇。該網(wǎng)站還允許你根據(jù)遠(yuǎn)程項目、問題領(lǐng)域和所需技能對結(jié)果進行篩選。)”；JustServe部分中的“Then,filtertheeventsbyagegroup,volunteerskills,andyourowninterests.(然后，根據(jù)年齡組、志愿者技能和你自己的興趣對活動進行篩選。)”；以及UnitedWay部分中的“Tohelpyoufindthebestfit,thesiteletsyousortthroughopportunitiesbyyourskillsandfocusareas.(為了幫助你找到最適合的機會，該網(wǎng)站允許你根據(jù)你的技能和重點領(lǐng)域?qū)C會進行排序。)”可知，這四個志愿者網(wǎng)站都允許用戶根據(jù)自己的具體需求進行篩選，從而找到合適的志愿服務(wù)機會。故選A。BInthevastsymphonyofhumanexpression,fewdisciplinesengagethemindandstirthesoulquitelikemusicandphysics.Surprisingly,thesetwoareasareconnectedinwaysthathavebeenrecognizedforcenturies.EventhegreatAlbertEinstein,whoseideasreshapedourunderstandingoftheuniverse,famouslystatedthathadhispathledhimawayfromphysics,hewouldhavefoundjoyinplayingmusic.Asascientistandmusician,I’vebeenprivilegedtojourneybetweenbothdisciplines,discoveringtheprofoundconnectionsbeneaththesurface.MyjourneybeganintheBronx,wherehip-hopcultureandsciencecametogetherinexcitingways.Yearslater,atImperialCollegeLondon,Iwasonceagainimmersedinaspacewherecreativityandinquiryintegrated.IregularlystoppedintothestudioofthecelebratedproducerBrianEno,whereIwitnessedfirst-handhisuniquecombinationofartisticexpressionandscientificexploration.Tobridgethegapbetweendisciplines,IcreatedTheJazzofModernPhysicscourseatBrownUniversityinRhodeIsland,introducingstudentstothewondersofmodernphysicsthroughtheprinciplesofmusicandsound.Theresponsewasoverwhelming,asstudentsfromdiversebackgroundsembracedtheopportunitytoexploretheintersectionofartandscienceinnewandunexpectedways.Theylearnedabouttheharmonicsofstringtheory(弦理論)andtherhythmsofquantummechanics(量子力學(xué))expressedthroughmathematicsandmelody.MymissioncontinuedwiththefoundingoftheSound+Scienceafter-schoolprogram,aimedatstudentsfromunderservedcommunities.Inthisprogram,studentsuseelectronicmusicequipmenttoexplorethephysicsofsoundwavesandharmonics.TheyworkalongsidePhDstudentsinmusicandphysics,discoveringthebeautyofmathandtheexcitementofaudioexperimentation.Intheconnectionbetweenmusicandphysics,weseethatwearenotjustobserversoftheuniversebutactiveparticipantsinitsongoingsymphony.Letusembracethisharmony,wherescienceandmusiccometogethertounlockthemysteriesoftheuniverseandthedepthsofoursouls.24.Einstein’sstatementismentionedinparagraph1tohighlight______.A.hisdeepinsightsintomusicB.thechallengesofcareerswitchingC.hisinfluenceinthefieldofscienceD.time-testedlinksbetweenartandscience25.WhydidthewritercreateTheJazzofModernPhysicscourse?A.Toteachclassicalmusictheory.B.Tocombinemusicandphysics.C.Tointroducequantummechanics.D.Toexplorediverseopportunities.26.Howdoesthewritermainlysupporthisviewpoint?A.Byreferringtohistoricalevents.B.Bypresentingscientificdefinitions.C.Bycomparingexperimentalresults.D.Bysharingcareer-relatedexperiences.27.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Music’sRoleinScientificDiscoveryB.AJourneythroughMusicandScienceC.HarmonizingScienceandMusicD.ExploringthePhysicsofSound【答案】24.D25.B26.D27.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者作為科學(xué)家和音樂家，發(fā)現(xiàn)音樂與物理的聯(lián)系，通過開設(shè)課程和創(chuàng)辦項目等經(jīng)歷，倡導(dǎo)將科學(xué)與音樂融合去探索宇宙奧秘。【24題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Surprisingly,thesetwoareasareconnectedinwaysthathavebeenrecognizedforcenturies.EventhegreatAlbertEinstein,whoseideasreshapedourunderstandingoftheuniverse,famouslystatedthathadhispathledhimawayfromphysics,hewouldhavefoundjoyinplayingmusic.(令人驚訝的是，這兩個領(lǐng)域的聯(lián)系已經(jīng)被認(rèn)識了幾個世紀(jì)。就連偉大的阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦，他的思想重塑了我們對宇宙的理解，也有句名言說，如果他的人生道路不是選擇了物理，他會在演奏音樂中找到樂趣)”可知，提到愛因斯坦的話是為了強調(diào)藝術(shù)(音樂)和科學(xué)(物理)之間久經(jīng)考驗的聯(lián)系。故選D項?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Tobridgethegapbetweendisciplines,IcreatedTheJazzofModernPhysicscourseatBrownUniversityinRhodeIsland,introducingstudentstothewondersofmodernphysicsthroughtheprinciplesofmusicandsound.(為了彌合不同學(xué)科之間的差距，我在羅德島的布朗大學(xué)開設(shè)了‘現(xiàn)代物理的爵士樂’課程，通過音樂和聲音的原理向?qū)W生介紹現(xiàn)代物理的奇妙之處)”可知，作者開設(shè)該課程是為了彌合不同學(xué)科之間的差距，將音樂和物理結(jié)合起來。故選B項?！?6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Asascientistandmusician,I’vebeenprivilegedtojourneybetweenbothdisciplines,discoveringtheprofoundconnectionsbeneaththesurface.MyjourneybeganintheBronx,wherehiphopcultureandsciencecametogetherinexcitingways.Yearslater,atImperialCollegeLondon,Iwasonceagainimmersedinaspacewherecreativityandinquiryintegrated.(作為一名科學(xué)家和音樂家，我有幸在這兩個學(xué)科之間探索，發(fā)現(xiàn)了表面之下的深刻聯(lián)系。我的探索之旅始于布朗克斯，在那里嘻哈文化和科學(xué)以令人興奮的方式融合在一起。多年后，在倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院，我再次沉浸在一個創(chuàng)造力和探究精神相融合的環(huán)境中)”以及后文提到的開設(shè)課程和創(chuàng)辦項目等內(nèi)容可知，作者主要通過分享與職業(yè)相關(guān)的經(jīng)歷來支持自己的觀點。故選D項。【27題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合最后一段中“Intheconnectionbetweenmusicandphysics,weseethatwearenotjustobserversoftheuniversebutactiveparticipantsinitsongoingsymphony.Letusembracethisharmony,wherescienceandmusiccometogethertounlockthemysteriesoftheuniverseandthedepthsofoursouls.(在音樂和物理的聯(lián)系中，我們看到我們不僅僅是宇宙的觀察者，更是其持續(xù)樂章中的積極參與者。讓我們擁抱這種和諧，在那里科學(xué)和音樂結(jié)合在一起，解開宇宙的奧秘和我們靈魂的深處)”可知，文章主要強調(diào)要讓科學(xué)和音樂和諧融合。故C項“HarmonizingScienceandMusic(使科學(xué)與音樂和諧)”最適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選C項。CAleadingfossilexperthassuggestedthattheclimatecrisismightmakehumanssmallerovertimebecausesmallermammalsoftenhandlerisingtemperaturesbetter.SteveBrusatte,afossilexpertfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh,thinkslookingathowanimalsdealtwithpastclimatechangescanhelpusguesswhatmighthappentohumans.Forexample,about55millionyearsago,whentheworldgothotter,earlyhorsesbecamesmaller.Hewondersifhumanscouldfollowasimilarpattern.InhisbookTheRiseandReignoftheMammals,BrusattetalksaboutsomethingcalledBergmann’srule.It’sanideathatanimalsinwarmplacesareusuallysmallerthanthoseincoldareas.“We’renotsureexactlywhy,”heexplains,“butsmalleranimalsprobablyhaveanadvantage.Theirbodieshavemoresurfaceareacomparedtotheirsize,whichhelpsthememitextraheatmoreeasily.”Brusattesaysgettingsmalleris“acommonwaymammalssurvivewhentheclimatechangesfast.”Headds,“Noteverymammalwouldshrink,butit’satrickmanyusewhentemperaturesrisequickly.Socouldhumansgetsmallerifitgetshotfast?Ithinkthat’spossible.”Butnotallexpertsagree.AdrianLister,fromLondon’sNaturalHistoryMuseum,saysthelinkbetweenheatandshrinkinginmammalsisn’tstrong,especiallyforhumans.“Naturalselectiondoesn’tcontroluslikeitusedto,”heargues.“Forhumanstogetsmaller,biggerpeoplewouldhavetodiebeforehavingkidsbecauseoftheheat.Butthat’snothappening.Wehaveclothes,heaters,andairconditionerstohandletemperaturechanges.Thesethingsreducetheneedforourbodiestoevolvetocopewithheat.”Sowhilesomethinkhumansmightshrinkduetoclimatechange,othersdoubtit.It’saninterestingdebate—onethatshowshownatureandhumantechnologymightshapeourfuture.28.WhydoesSteveBrusattementionearlyhorsesthatlived55millionyearsago?A.ToconfirmBergmann’sruleappliesuniversally.B.Tosuggesthumansareboundtobecomesmaller.C.Todemonstratetemperature’seffectonhorseevolution.D.Toshowhowmammalsadaptedtohistoricalclimateshifts.29.WhatcanbelearnedfromBergmann’sruleasexplainedinthepassage?A.Surfaceareaaloneaffectsanimals’heatemission.B.Smalleranimalsaremoreadaptabletowarmenvironments.C.Warm-regionmammalsevolvefasterthancold-regionones.D.Smalleranimalswillreplacelargeronesastheclimatewarms.30.WhatdoesAdrianListerimplyabouthumanevolution?A.Humanstendtogrowlargerinhotclimates.B.Naturalselectionstillshapeshumanbodysize.C.Climatechangenolongeraffectshumanevolution.D.Technologyreducestheneedforclimateadaptation.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Climatecrisis’simpactonhumansizeevolution.B.Moderntechnology’simpactonnaturalselection.C.Mammalevolutioninresponsetoclimatechange.D.TheapplicationofBergmann’sruleinmodernsociety.【答案】28.D29.B30.D31.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了氣候變化是否會影響人類體型大小進化的問題。一些專家認(rèn)為，隨著氣候變暖，小型哺乳動物通常能更好地應(yīng)對高溫，因此人類可能會逐漸變小。然而，還有一些專家認(rèn)為，由于人類技術(shù)的發(fā)展，如衣服、暖氣和空調(diào)等，已經(jīng)減少了身體需要進化來應(yīng)對溫度變化的必要性，因此氣候變化可能不再影響人類進化?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“SteveBrusatte,afossilexpertfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh,thinkslookingathowanimalsdealtwithpastclimatechangescanhelpusguesswhatmighthappentohumans.Forexample,about55millionyearsago,whentheworldgothotter,earlyhorsesbecamesmaller.(來自愛丁堡大學(xué)的化石專家SteveBrusatte認(rèn)為，觀察動物如何應(yīng)對過去的氣候變化可以幫助我們猜測人類可能會發(fā)生什么。例如，大約5500萬年前，當(dāng)世界變得更熱時，早期的馬變得更小。)”可知，他通過這一例子來展示哺乳動物是如何適應(yīng)氣候變化的，因此D選項“Toshowhowmammalsadaptedtohistoricalclimateshifts.(為了展示哺乳動物是如何適應(yīng)歷史上的氣候變化的。)”符合題意。故選D?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“It’sanideathatanimalsinwarmplacesareusuallysmallerthanthoseincoldareas.“We’renotsureexactlywhy,”heexplains,“butsmalleranimalsprobablyhaveanadvantage.Theirbodieshavemoresurfaceareacomparedtotheirsize,whichhelpsthememitextraheatmoreeasily.”(這是一種觀點，認(rèn)為生活在溫暖地方的動物通常比生活在寒冷地區(qū)的動物要小。“我們還不太確定具體的原因，”他解釋道，“但是小型動物可能具有某種優(yōu)勢。與它們的體型相比，它們的身體擁有更大的表面積，這有助于它們更容易地散發(fā)多余的熱量。”)”可知，此處解釋了Bergmann法則即生活在溫暖地方的動物通常比生活在寒冷地區(qū)的動物小，且小型動物在散熱方面具有優(yōu)勢。因此，B選項“Smalleranimalsaremoreadaptabletowarmenvironments.(小型動物更適應(yīng)溫暖的環(huán)境)”符合題意。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。AdrianLister在第五段中提到“Wehaveclothes,heaters,andairconditionerstohandletemperaturechanges.Thesethingsreducetheneedforourbodiestoevolvetocopewithheat.(我們有衣服、加熱器和空調(diào)來處理溫度變化。這些東西減少了我們的身體為了應(yīng)對熱量而進化的需要。)”可知，他認(rèn)為技術(shù)減少了人類為適應(yīng)氣候而進化的需求。因此，D選項“Technologyreducestheneedforclimateadaptation.(技術(shù)減少了適應(yīng)氣候的需求)”符合題意。故選D?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Aleadingfossilexperthassuggestedthattheclimatecrisismightmakehumanssmallerovertimebecausesmallermammalsoftenhandlerisingtemperaturesbetter.(一位頂尖的化石專家提出，氣候危機可能會使人類隨著時間的推移而體型變小，因為體型較小的哺乳動物通常能更好地應(yīng)對溫度上升的情況。)”以及通讀全文可知，文章開頭就提出了化石專家SteveBrusatte的觀點，即氣候危機可能會使人類逐漸變小，因為小型哺乳動物通常能更好地應(yīng)對高溫。接下來的內(nèi)容都是圍繞這一觀點展開的，包括其他專家對這一觀點的看法和爭議，由此討論的是氣候危機對人類體型進化的影響。因此，A選項“Climatecrisis’simpactonhumansizeevolution.(氣候危機對人類體型進化的影響。)”概括了文章的主旨大意。故選A。DCriticalthinkinginfluencesourdailylivesmoreextensivelythanwetypicallyacknowledge.Evencommondecisions,suchasselectingabreakfast,involvesubconscious(下意識的)applicationofcriticalthinkingasweweighfactorslikenutrition,tastepreferences,anddietaryneedstodeterminethebestoptionforthatparticularmorning.?Thisabilityfunctionsmuchlikeamuscle—itstrengthensprogressivelywithdeliberatepractice.Asacornerstoneofprofessionalsuccess,criticalthinkingequipsindividualswiththecapacitytonavigateworkplacechallenges,systematicallytesthypotheses(假說)throughcontinuoustrials,andputforwardeffectivesolutionstocomplexproblems.Itssignificanceincareeradvancementcannotbeoverstated.?Fundamentally,criticalthinkingreferstothecapacitytocomprehend,assess,andanalyzefactualinformationtoformreasonedjudgmentsorevaluatethevalidityofclaims.Beyondmerecuriosityabouttheworld,criticalthinkersexcelatestablishinglogicalconnectionsbetweenideastograspbroadercontexts.Developingthisskillenablesindividualstoconveytheirthoughtslogically,presentargumentssystematically,andmakeinformeddecisionshelpfultocontinuousimprovement.?Whilescientificprofessionsclearlydemandcriticalthinking,itsapplicationextendsacrossdiversecareersincludinglaw,medicine,journalism,engineering,accounting,andanalysis.TheWorldEconomicForumconsistentlyidentifiesitasanimportantworkforceskillduetoitsroleinenhancinginformationanalysis,improvingcreativity,enablinginnovativeproblem-solving,andadvancingstrategicplanning.Ineverydaylife,criticalthinkingoperatesinconspicuouslyyetpowerfully,empoweringindependentthoughtandjudgment.?Contrarytocommonmisconceptions,criticalthinkingstrengthensinterpersonalrelationshipsbyboostingempathyforothers’perspectivesandmaintaininganopenmindset.Criticalthinkersmaintainintellectualcuriosity,poseinquiringquestions,andrefusetoacceptinformationatfacevalue.Criticalthinkingisn’tjustanice-to-have;it’showwegrow,improve,andmakesenseofanincreasinglycomplexworld.Ithelpsusaskbetterquestions,listenmoredeeply,andapproachproblemswithclarityinsteadofchaos.32.Whichmethodbesthelpsdevelopcriticalthinkingskillsaccordingtothepassage?A.Learningthroughrepeatederrors. B.Developingstrongeremotionalawareness.C.Engaginginfocused,intentionalpractice. D.Makingdecisionsbasedonsubconsciousness.33.Whichexamplebestshowscriticalthinking?A.Consumersbuyphonesjustbasedonads. B.Doctorsanalyzetestsbeforetreatment.C.Viewersbelievenewswithoutconfirmation. D.Managersoveremphasizecertificatesinhiring.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inconspicuously”inparagraph4mean?A.Obviously. B.Precisely. C.Unnoticeably. D.Abstractly.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Criticalthinkinghelpsdrivetheworldforward.B.Criticalthinkingharmsinterpersonalrelationships.C.Criticalthinkersrefusetoacceptbasicinformation.D.Criticalthinkerscanputthemselvesinothers’shoes.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。本文主要闡述了批判性思維在日常生活和職業(yè)發(fā)展中的重要性。文章還強調(diào)了批判性思維在增強人際關(guān)系、促進個人成長和理解復(fù)雜世界方面的積極作用。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thisabilityfunctionsmuchlikeamuscle—itstrengthensprogressivelywithdeliberatepractice.(這種能力就像肌肉一樣，通過有意識的練習(xí)逐漸增強。)”可知，專注于有意識的練習(xí)最能培養(yǎng)批判性思維技能。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Fundamentally,criticalthinkingreferstothecapacitytocomprehend,assess,andanalyzefactualinformationtoformreasonedjudgmentsorevaluatethevalidityofclaims.(從根本上講，批判性思維是指理解、評估和分析事實信息以形成合理判斷或評估主張有效性的能力。)”可知，批判性思維需要對事實信息進行理解、評估和分析。B選項“Doctorsanalyzetestsbeforetreatment.(醫(yī)生在進行治療前會先對各項檢查結(jié)果進行分析。)”符合批判性思維的特點。故選B?！?4題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“yetpowerfully,empoweringindependentthoughtan