高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1北京市朝陽區(qū)2024-2025學年高一下學期期末考試英語試題第一部分知識運用(共三節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Manyparentsdislikethevideostheirchildrenwatchonsocialmedia,butinDecember2019,TomasWoods,nowfifteen,cameacrossonethat___1___hislife.“ItwasavideoofAaronFotheringham,founderofthesportWCMX,performingawheelchairbackflip,”Tomasrecalls.“IknewimmediatelythatIwantedtobe___2___andcouldn’twaittostart.”Diagnosed(診斷)withEhlers-DanlosSyndrome,Tomashadto___3___awheelchairandspentmuchofhistimeathome.Despiteconcernaboutpossibleinjuries,hisparentswerehappytoseetheirsonso___4___.Withtheirsupport,Tomasbegantrainingatlocalskateparkinearly2020.“Ihadno___5___inWCMX,”headmits.“Ijustwatchedvideosandfiguredthingsout.”Hetrainedalmostdailyandworked___6___toimprove,whichallowedhimto___7___inthe2020WCMXWorldChampionships,whereheplacedfirstintheUK.In2022,hetookfourthplaceintheMen’sProcategory.InDecember2023,allhishardworkpaidoffwhenTomasbecametheofficialWorldChampion.Hisjourneytothetopwasfarfromeasy.Onemajor___8___wasequipment.”Itquicklybecameclearthatmywheelchairwasn’tgoodenough,”hesays.”Weeventuallyfoundabetterone,butitcostover￡5,000.Myparentshadtosellacarto___9___it.”Now,TomasisworkingwiththeinternationalWCMXboardtoorganizenot-for-profitevents,aimedatmakingWCMXmore____10____forpeoplelikehim.Lookingbackonherson’sjourney,Tomas’smothersays,“TogofromhouseboundtoWorldChampioninjustthreeyearsisincredible.Ithasbeenacrazyride.”1.A.recorded B.changed C.understood D.threatened2.A.accepted B.recognized C.involved D.interviewed3.A.sendfor B.giveaway C.takeapart D.dependon4.A.inspired B.relieved C.relaxed D.talented5.A.interest B.experience C.concern D.fail6.A.bravely B.joyfully C.quietly D.tirelessly7.A.compete B.teach C.serve D.settle8.A.strategy B.challenge C.reward D.target9.A.decorate B.repair C.afford D.produce10.A.flexible B.exciting C.simplified D.accessible【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7.A8.B9.C10.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述15歲的TomasWoods在觀看WCMX的視頻后決定投身于此，克服自身疾病，憑借努力和父母的支持用三年的時間從一個足不出戶的人成為世界冠軍?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：許多父母不喜歡孩子在社交媒體上看的視頻，但在2019年12月，現(xiàn)年15歲的TomasWoods看到了一個改變了他一生的視頻。A.recorded記錄；B.changed改變；C.understood理解，明白；D.threatened威脅。根據下文“IknewimmediatelythatIwantedtobe______andcouldn’twaittostart.”和“TogofromhouseboundtoWorldChampioninjustthreeyearsisincredible.(從一個足不出戶的人在短短三年內成為世界冠軍是不可思議的)”可知，這是一個改變了Tomas一生的視頻，故選B?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我立刻就知道我想參與其中，迫不及待地想要開始。A.accepted接受；B.recognized認識，識別；C.involved(使)參加，加入；D.interviewed采訪。根據下文“couldn’twaittostart”和“Tomasbegantrainingatlocalskateparkinearly2020.”提到Tomas開始參加訓練可知，Tomas立即就想要參與其中，故選C?！?題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：Tomas被診斷患有埃勒斯-當洛斯綜合癥，他不得不依靠輪椅，大部分時間都待在家里。A.sendfor派人去請；B.giveaway贈送；C.takeapart拆開；D.dependon依靠。根據上文“Diagnosed(診斷)withEhlers-DanlosSyndrome”可知，因為被診斷患有埃勒斯-當洛斯綜合癥，所以他不得不依靠輪椅，故選D?！?題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管擔心可能會受傷，但他的父母很高興看到他們的兒子如此深受啟發(fā)。A.inspired受到啟發(fā)的，受……影響的；B.relieved寬慰的；C.relaxed放松的；D.talented有天賦的。根據上文“IknewimmediatelythatIwantedtobe______andcouldn’twaittostart.”可知，Tomas迫不及待地想要參與其中，推知他深受啟發(fā)，故選A。【5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我在WCMX沒有經驗，”他承認。A.interest興趣；B.experience經驗；C.concern擔憂；D.fail失敗。根據下文“Ijustwatchedvideosandfiguredthingsout.(我只是看視頻弄明白)”可知，Tomas沒有經驗，故選B?！?題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他幾乎每天都在訓練，不知疲倦地提高自己，這讓他參加了2020年的WCMX世界錦標賽，并在英國獲得了第一名。A.bravely勇敢地；B.joyfully快樂地；C.quietly安靜地；D.tirelessly不知疲倦地。根據上文“Hetrainedalmostdaily”可知，他幾乎每天都訓練，不知疲倦地想要提高自己，故選D?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.compete競爭，參加比賽；B.teach教；C.serve服務；D.settle定居。根據下文“whereheplacedfirstintheUK”可知，他參加了2020年的WCMX世界錦標賽，故選A。【8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個主要的挑戰(zhàn)是裝備。A.strategy策略；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.reward回報；D.target目標。根據下文“Itquicklybecameclearthatmywheelchairwasn’tgoodenough(我很快意識到我的輪椅不夠好)”和“Weeventuallyfoundabetterone,butitcostover￡5,000.Myparentshadtosellacar…(我們最終找到了一個更好的，但它花費了5000多英鎊。我父母不得不賣掉一輛車……)”可知，他需要買更好的輪椅，父母因此不得不賣車，所以這對他來說是一個挑戰(zhàn)，故選B?！?題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母不得不賣掉一輛車來負擔它。A.decorate裝飾；B.repair修理；C.afford買得起；D.produce制造。根據上文“Weeventuallyfoundabetterone,butitcostover￡5,000.(我們最終找到了一個更好的，但它花費了5000多英鎊)”可知，父母賣車是為了買更好的輪椅，故選C。【10題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，Tomas正在與國際WCMX理事會合作，組織非營利活動，旨在讓像他這樣的人更容易接觸到WCMX。A.flexible靈活的；B.exciting令人興奮的；C.simplified簡化的；D.accessible可接近的。根據上文“organizenot-for-profitevents”和下文“forpeoplelikehim”可知，他與國際WCMX理事會合作組織非營利活動，讓像他這樣的人更容易接觸到WCMX，故選D。第二節(jié)選詞填空(共10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面句子，根據句意，從方框中選擇恰當?shù)脑~或詞組，并用其正確形式填空。breakdownadmirerefertomakeadifferenceovercomeattempttoestablishmentalreflectonassume11.Eventuallyshemanagedto________herfearofpublicspeakingbypracticingeveryday.12.Weshouldn’t________changeotherswithoutunderstandingtheirpointsofview.13.Theoldelevator________lastweek;theworkersstillhaven’tfixedit.14.It’simportantto________yourmistakessoyoucanlearnfromthem.15.Evensmallactslikerecyclingcan________totheenvironment.16.Athletesneedtobe________strongtoperformunderpressure.17.I________thingshadgonewellforhimashehadabigsmileonhisface.18.Whentheteachersaid“ourtopstudent”,everyoneknewwhoshe________.19.Shelookedatthepaintingwithdeep________,movedbyitsbeautyanddetail.20.Overthepastfewmonths,theteacher________manyrulestoimproveclassroombehaviour.【答案】11.overcome12.attemptto13.brokedown14.reflecton15.makeadifference16.mentally17.assumed18.wasreferringto19.admiration20.hasestablished【11題詳析】考查動詞。句意：通過每天練習，她最終成功克服了對公開演講的恐懼。根據句意“克服”可知，此處為動詞overcome，managetodosth為固定搭配，意為“設法完成某事”，空處需填動詞原形。故填overcome。【12題詳析】考查動詞。句意：在不理解他人觀點的情況下，我們不應該試圖改變他們。根據句意“試圖做某事”可知，此處為動詞短語attempttodosth，位于情態(tài)動詞shouldn’t后面，使用動詞原形。故填attemptto?！?3題詳析】考查動詞短語。句意：那臺舊電梯上周出故障了，工人們至今還沒修好。根據句意“出故障”可知，此處為動詞短語breakdown，結合時間狀語“l(fā)astweek”可知，使用一般過去時。故填brokedown?！?4題詳析】考查動詞短語。句意：反思你的錯誤很重要，這樣你才能從中學習。根據句意“反思”可知，此處為動詞短語reflecton，“It’simportanttodosth”為固定句型，it為形式主語，動詞不定式是真正的主語。故填reflecton。【15題詳析】考查動詞短語。句意：即使是像回收這樣的小事也能對環(huán)境產生影響。根據句意“有影響，起作用”可知，此處為動詞短語makeadifference，位于情態(tài)動詞can后面，使用動詞原形。故填makeadifference?！?6題詳析】考查副詞。句意：運動員需要有強大的心理素質才能在壓力下發(fā)揮。根據句意“心理上地”可知，此處為副詞mentally，修飾形容詞strong。故填mentally?！?7題詳析】考查動詞。句意：他臉上掛著燦爛的笑容，我猜想他一切順利。根據句意“猜想”可知，此處為動詞assume，陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，使用一般過去時。故填assumed?！?8題詳析】考查動詞短語。句意：當老師說“我們的優(yōu)等生”時，每個人都知道她指的是誰。根據句意“指的是”可知，此處為動詞短語referto，主句謂語為knew，用一般過去時，賓語從句表示過去正在發(fā)生的動作，用過去進行時，主語為單數(shù)名詞，be動詞用was。故填wasreferringto?！?9題詳析】考查名詞。句意：她滿懷欽佩地看著這幅畫，被它的美和細節(jié)所打動。根據句意“欽佩”可知，此處為名詞admiration，作賓語，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填admiration。【20題詳析】考查動詞。句意：在過去的幾個月里，這位老師制定了許多規(guī)則來改善課堂行為。根據句意“建立”可知，此處為動詞establish，結合時間狀語“Overthepastfewmonths”可知，使用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為單數(shù)名詞，助動詞用has。故填hasestablished。第三節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面句子，根據句子內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。21.Twothirdsoftheland________(use)foragriculture,whiletherestisleftasnaturalreserves.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】isused【詳析】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：三分之二的土地用于農業(yè)，其余的則作為自然保護區(qū)。主語Twothirdsoftheland和動詞use之間是被動關系，結合句意和is可知此處描述一個事實，使用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，分數(shù)修飾名詞作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式由被修飾名詞的單復數(shù)性質決定，land是不可數(shù)名詞，be動詞應用is，故填isused。22.Theartist,________paintingsnowsellformillions,startedasastreetperformer.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】whose【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：這位藝術家最初是街頭藝人，他的畫現(xiàn)在售價數(shù)百萬美元?？仗幰龑Х窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句，先行詞是artist，關系詞在從句中作定語，應用關系代詞whose引導，故填whose。23.________wecanfinishtheprojectontimedependsontheteam’sefficiency.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】Whether【詳析】考查主語從句。句意：我們能否按時完成這個項目取決于這個團隊的效率?？仗幰龑е髡Z從句，結合句意可知此處指“是否”，引導主語從句時常用whether，不用if，首字母應大寫，故填Whether。24.Socialmediaisaplatform________opinionsspreadrapidly.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】where【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：社交媒體是一個迅速傳播意見的平臺。空處引導定語從句，先行詞是platform，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，應用關系副詞where引導，故填where。25.Thecityisnolonger________itusedtobe20yearsago.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】what【詳析】考查表語從句。句意：這個城市不再是20年前的樣子了?？仗幰龑П碚Z從句，引導詞在從句中作表語，指物，應用連接代詞what引導，故填what。26.________(spend)ayearinParis,shebecamefluentinFrench.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】Havingspent【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：她在巴黎待了一年，法語說得很流利。spend和邏輯主語she之間是主動關系，且spend表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞became之前，應用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式havingspent作狀語，句首單詞首字母大寫。故填Havingspent。27.Myauntistheonlyrelativewith________Isharemypersonalstruggles.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】whom【詳析】考查定語從句。句意：我姑姑是我唯一可以傾訴個人煩惱的親戚。此處是“介詞+關系詞”引導的定語從句，先行詞是relative，指人，關系詞在從句中作介詞賓語，應用關系代詞whom，故填whom。28.Weuploadedmanyphotos________(take)atthesummercamptoourclasswebsite.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】taken【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們把在夏令營期間拍攝的許多照片上傳到了班級網站上。take與photos構成被動關系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填taken。29.Thescientiststruggled________(accomplish)amajorbreakthroughafteryearsofresearch.(所給詞的適當形式填空)【答案】toaccomplish【詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：經過多年的研究，這位科學家努力取得了重大突破。句中考查固定短語struggletodosth“努力或艱難地做某事”，故填toaccomplish。30.BeijingOperacombinesvariousartformsandthatis________itisregardedasoneofChina’snationaltreasures.(用適當?shù)脑~填空)【答案】why【詳析】考查表語從句。句意：京劇結合了多種藝術形式，這就是為什么它被認為是中國的國寶之一。空處引導表語從句，從句成分完整，結合句意可知此處指“這就是為什么它被認為是中國的國寶之一”，引導詞在從句中作原因狀語，應用連接副詞why引導，故填why。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、B四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWearenowhavingthelargestgenerationofyouthin.humanhistory.Connectedtoeachotherlikeneverbefore,youngpeopleincreasinglycontributetocreativesolutions,drivingsocialprogressandmore.Toequipthisgeneration,theUnitedNationsInstituteforTrainingandResearch(UNITAR)offerstheYoungLeadersOnlineTrainingProgramme,anengaging,4-weeke-learningcourse.Participants(參與者)willgainfirst-handexperiencefromUnitedNationsstaffandacquirethenecessaryknowledgeandskillstorealizetheirpotentialasgloballeaders.Participantscanincludeuniversitystudents,highschoolstudentsandotheryoungleadersofsimilarbackground.Juniorprofessionalsandseniorofficialswhoareyoungareequallywelcometoapply.Toensurethehighquality,theregistration(注冊)islimitedto30participantsonafirst-come,first-servedbasis.AllparticipantswillreceiveaUNITARcertificateofcompletion.Requirementsforcompletion:?YoushouldlearnourcoursesviaUNITAR’slearningplatform,whichincludesfourparts:1)TheUnitedNations2)Conferencediplomacy(會議外交)3)SustainableDevelopmentGoals4)GlobalCommunication?Youshouldfinishaself-pacedlearningcoursecovering4-6hoursperweek,includingreadingmaterials,usingmultimediaresources,andengagingindiscussionstoexchangeviewswithotherparticipantsandUNITARlecturers.?Youshouldengageina3.5-houre-workshop,focusingonLeadership,CommunicationandUNcareerdevelopment.Toregister:?VisittheUNITAReventpageandclickon“registration”.?Addtheprogrammetoyourshoppingcartandcheckout.?Createyourprofileonthepageandfillouttheformwithyourinformation.?Chooseapaymentmethod(creditcardorbanktransfer).?Checkyourinformation.UNITARwillfollowupwithyouviaemail.Welookforwardtowelcomingyoutotheprogramme!31.IntheYoungLeadersOnlineTrainingprogramme,participantswill________.A.acquireknowledgeaboutUNITAR B.buildtheskillsneededforgloballeadershipC.interactwithseniorprofessionals D.workfulltimefortheUnitedNations32.ToearnaUNITARcertificate,participantsarerequiredto________.A.attendonlineworkshopseveryweekB.exchangeopinionsonimprovingthecourseC.collectresourcesonleadershipandcommunicationD.completeatleast16hoursofflexiblelearningcourse33.Whatshouldapplicantsdoduringtheregistrationprocess?A.ContactUNITARbyemail. B.Payfortheprogrammeincash.C.Entertheirdetailsintheprofileform. D.Click“registration”toentertheeventpage.【答案】31.B32.D33.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要說明了聯(lián)合國訓研所推出青年領袖在線培訓項目，4周課程，限30人，完成后獲證書，含注冊等要求?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Participants(參與者)willgainfirst-handexperiencefromUnitedNationsstaffandacquirethenecessaryknowledgeandskillstorealizetheirpotentialasgloballeaders.(參與者將有機會與聯(lián)合國工作人員進行面對面交流，從而獲得寶貴的經驗，并掌握實現(xiàn)自身成為全球領導者所需的知識和技能。)”可知，在“青年領袖在線培訓”項目中，參與者將培養(yǎng)成為全球領導者所需的各項技能。故選B?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Toequipthisgeneration,theUnitedNationsInstituteforTrainingandResearch(UNITAR)offerstheYoungLeadersOnlineTrainingProgramme,anengaging,4-weeke-learningcourse.(為了培養(yǎng)這一代人，聯(lián)合國訓練研究所（UNITAR）推出了“青年領袖在線培訓項目”，這是一門內容豐富、為期四周的在線學習課程。)”以及4)GlobalCommunication部分“?Youshouldfinishaself-pacedlearningcoursecovering4-6hoursperweek,includingreadingmaterials,usingmultimediaresources,andengagingindiscussionstoexchangeviewswithotherparticipantsandUNITARlecturers.(·你需要完成一個自主學習課程，每周學習時長為4至6小時，內容包括閱讀材料、使用多媒體資源以及參與討論以與其他學員和聯(lián)合國訓練研究所的講師交流觀點。)”可知，要獲得聯(lián)合國訓練研究所頒發(fā)的證書，參與者需完成至少4×4=16小時的靈活學習課程。故選D。【33題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據Toregister部分“?Createyourprofileonthepageandfillouttheformwithyourinformation.(在該頁面上創(chuàng)建您的個人資料，并用您的信息填寫表格。)”可知，申請人在注冊過程中要在個人資料表中填寫相關信息。故選C。BGrowingup,interestandenjoymentinlearningwerenotimportanttomyparents,andthereforenottome;onlygoodgradesmattered.Ichosechemistrybecauseitseemedlikeapathtovariedpossibleprofessionalfutures.Learningchemistrywasn’tboring,butIdidnotlovemysubject.Whendecidingwhattodoafterfinishingmyundergraduatedegree,Iwaslargelydrivenbyadesireforfinancial(財務的)independence.Whileexploringthejobmarket,Ifoundmostaskedforamaster’s.Iwasofferedaspotinagraduateprogramanddecidedtodoit.ItcamewiththeopportunitytocontinuetoaPh.D.,butIneversawaPh.D.asmylikelydirection.However,inmysecondyear,duringalabproject,mydoubtsaboutaPh.D.begantogiveway.Ispentalotoftimeinthelabandneverfeltbored.Ievenstartedtopreferexperimentsoverclasses.Workinginthelabseemedmuchmoresatisfyingthanscoringwellonexams.Ibegantowonder:wasthereaplaceinacademiaforsomeonelikeme,withoutaninbornpassionforscience?Asmymaster’swasdrawingtoaclose,Ibecamerestless.Myscorespositionedmewellforhiring—avaluableopportunityIdidn’twanttomiss.EveryoneadvisedagainstaPh.D.,arguingforbetterpayandeasierworkoutsideacademia.Butmyinterestinresearchkeptgrowing,andIdidn’twanttolivewith“whatif?”.IbackedoutandchosethePh.D.Thereareupsanddowns,butitjustfeelsrighttostarteachdayinthelab,learningsomethingnew.Mycareerchoicegivesmeconfidencetofollowmyowndirectioninsteadofothers’expectations.Havingstartedmycareerasan“unwilling”chemist,IamyettoannouncemyloveforwhatIdo.ButItrytosolveproblemsformyownsatisfaction.Thatmakesmenolesscapablethanotherchemists,andnolessworthyofaspaceinscience.34.Whatledtheauthortopickchemistryasafieldofstudy?A.Strongperformanceinexams. B.Desireforbroadcareerpossibilities.C.Passionforhands-onresearch. D.Determinationforaplaceinacademia.35.Whatwastheauthorunsureaboutashismaster’sprogramapproachedcompletion?A.Howtobalanceresearchwithfinancialindependence.B.Whethertofocusonlabworkoracademicachievements.C.HowtobalancealoveforexperimentswiththedreamtobeaPh.D.Whethertofollowhisacademicinterestoracceptawell-payingjob.36.Whydoestheauthordescribehimselfasan“unwilling”chemist?A.Hehatestobeachemist.B.Hesuffersfromlearningchemistry.C.Hedidn’tchoosechemistryoutofpurelove.D.Hebecameachemistbyfollowingothers’advice.37.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Fortunefavorsthepatient. B.Passioncangrowwithexperience.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Self-beliefturnshesitationintostrength.【答案】34.B35.D36.C37.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者因追求成績和經濟獨立學化學，碩士時發(fā)現(xiàn)對實驗的興趣，不顧反對攻讀博士，遵從內心選擇。【34題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Ichosechemistrybecauseitseemedlikeapathtovariedpossibleprofessionalfutures.(我選擇學習化學，是因為它看起來像是通向多種可能職業(yè)道路的途徑。)”可知，促使作者選擇化學作為研究領域的原因是對廣闊職業(yè)前景的渴望。故選B?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數(shù)第三段“Myscorespositionedmewellforhiring—avaluableopportunityIdidn’twanttomiss.EveryoneadvisedagainstaPh.D.,arguingforbetterpayandeasierworkoutsideacademia.Butmyinterestinresearchkeptgrowing,andIdidn’twanttolivewith“whatif?”.(我的成績使我很有競爭力，從而獲得了工作的機會——這是一個我不能錯過的寶貴機會。大家都勸我不要攻讀博士學位，他們認為那樣能獲得更高的薪酬，也能在學術界之外找到更輕松的工作。但我對研究的興趣卻與日俱增，我不想一直生活在“如果……會怎樣？”的思考之中。)”可知，在攻讀碩士學位接近尾聲時，作者感到不確定的是是要追隨自己的學術興趣，還是接受一份待遇優(yōu)厚的工作。故選D。【36題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段“Havingstartedmycareerasan“unwilling”chemist,IamyettoannouncemyloveforwhatIdo.ButItrytosolveproblemsformyownsatisfaction.Thatmakesmenolesscapablethanotherchemists,andnolessworthyofaspaceinscience.(我的職業(yè)生涯始于一個“不情愿”的化學家身份，但我尚未表明自己對所從事工作的熱愛。但我努力為自己的滿足感去解決問題。這使我與其他化學家一樣有能力，也一樣配得上在科學領域的一席之地。)”可知，作者稱自己為“不情愿”的化學家是因為他并非出于純粹的喜愛而選擇化學這門學科。故選C?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據倒數(shù)第二段“Thereareupsanddowns,butitjustfeelsrighttostarteachdayinthelab,learningsomethingnew.Mycareerchoicegivesmeconfidencetofollowmyowndirectioninsteadofothers’expectations.(有起有落，但每天在實驗室里開始工作，學習新知識，感覺就是那么對。我的職業(yè)選擇讓我有信心按照自己的方向前進，而不是遵循他人的期望。)”以及文章主要講述了作者因追求成績和經濟獨立學化學，碩士時發(fā)現(xiàn)對實驗的興趣，不顧反對攻讀博士，遵從內心選擇?？芍?，文章告訴我們激情會隨著經驗的積累而增強。故選B。CInhisbookHomoDeus,writerYuvalNoahHarariasks,“Arecreaturesjustprogramsandislifejustdataprocessing?”Couldthehumanmindonedaybedownloadedontoacomputer?Thisexistential,unsettlingideaiskeytoAnti-Body,anewdanceworkfromtheAlexanderWhitleyDanceCompany.Atarecentpractice,Isawthreedancersstandingbehindscreens.Motion-capture(動作捕捉)sensorsattachedtotheirbodiespickuptheirroutinesandthemovementdataissenttoacomputer.Thetechnologycreatesaseriesofvisualsonthescreens,rangingfrom3Dcell-likeimagestohuman-likeavatars,allshiftinginrealtimeinresponsetothedancers’movements.Thedancers’controlofthevisualsisanodtoourincreasingrelianceontechnologyandhowthisbridgesthephysicalanddigitalworlds.“Ouractionstakeeffectfarbeyondtheimmediatepresenceofourbodies,”explainsAlexanderWhitley,thework’sartisticdirector.Whoorwhatarewebecoming,asksWhitley,inapost-human,real/virtualworld?Thewaytechnologyreshapesourworldmaybeunsettling,butAnti-Bodyfeelsmorepositivethanthat,withwhatmotioncapturecanoffer—art,creativityandself-expression.Whitleyalsowantstoexplorehowthedancers’movementsinfluencethevisuals,encouragingpeopletothinkaboutlivingbeyondthephysicallimitofthebody—welcometothetranshuman.Inonescene,adancerremotely(遠程地)controlscell-likeimagesthatgraduallydevelopintohuman-likeavatars.Anti-Bodyisanambitiousproject,butthemessagemaygetalittlelostintranslation,withnodialogueorsubtitles.Whitley,however,isunconcernedbythepossibilitythattheaudiencewillsetaboutmakingtheirowninterpretationofhisdancepiece.“Therewillalwaysbeambiguityinunderstandingwhenworkingthroughdance,”hesays.Whilethedancingisobviouslyimpressive,themovementsarelessshowyandtechnicallydemandingthaninatraditionalballetormoderndanceperformance.Whitleyseemslessconcernedwithshowingoffhiscompositiontalentsbyputtinghisdancersthroughtheirpaces.Afterall,ifthesimplicityofthemovementsletsthescreenvisualsdothework,Whitleyisthenfreetoconcentrateonconveyinghismessages.So,audienceswithmodernandadventuroustastesshouldenjoythecomposition.Butthebigdrawformanywillbethe“dancing”visualsmorethanthetalentedphysicaldancersthemselves.Asamoretraditionaldancefan,IthinkIwillsticktoSwanLake.Regardlessofdifferentpreferences,perhapsthemostpressingquestionthisexperienceleavesuswith,however,extendsbeyondthestageandfocusesonanewtakeontranshumanismorhowthedigitalworldwillinfluenceourlife.38.TheauthorquotesYuvalNoahHarari’squestionmainlyto________.A.introducethetopic B.drawacomparisonC.supportanargument D.makeanassumption39.Whatdoestheword“ambiguity”underlinedinParagraph5probablymean?A.Agreement. B.Disbelief. C.Uncertainty. D.Guidance.40.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.It’shardtounitethephysicalworldandthedigitalworld.B.Motioncapturetranslatesthedancers’movesintolivevisuals.C.Modernandexperimentalperformancesattractmoreaudiences.D.AlexanderWhitleyfavorstechnicallydemandingdanceroutines.41.Itisimpliedinthispassagethatweshould________.A.createvirtualavatarsforourmaterialbodiesB.usemotioncaptureinallfuturedanceproductionsC.demandclearerexplanationsinexperimentaldanceworksD.reconsiderwhatitmeanstobehumaninadigitalage【答案】38.A39.C40.B41.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了亞歷山大·惠特利舞蹈公司的新舞蹈作品《反身體》，它借助動作捕捉技術，探討科技與人類的關系，引發(fā)人們對數(shù)字時代人類存在意義的思考?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段“InhisbookHomoDeus,writerYuvalNoahHarariasks,‘Arecreaturesjustprogramsandislifejustdataprocessing?’Couldthehumanmindonedaybedownloadedontoacomputer?Thisexistential,unsettlingideaiskeytoAntiBody,anewdanceworkfromtheAlexanderWhitleyDanceCompany.(作家尤瓦爾·諾亞·哈拉里在他的《未來簡史》一書中問道：“生物只是程序，生命只是數(shù)據處理嗎？”人類的思維有一天能被下載到電腦里嗎？這個存在主義的、令人不安的想法是亞歷山大·惠特利舞蹈公司新舞蹈作品《反身體》的核心)”可知，作者引用尤瓦爾·諾亞·哈拉里的問題是為了引出關于《反身體》這部舞蹈作品所探討的科技與人類相關的話題。故選A項?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第五段中“Anti-Bodyisanambitiousproject,butthemessagemaygetalittlelostintranslation,withnodialogueorsubtitles.Whitley,however,isunconcernedbythepossibilitythattheaudiencewillsetaboutmakingtheirowninterpretationofhisdancepiece.(《反身體》是一個雄心勃勃的項目，但由于沒有對話或字幕，其傳達的信息可能在理解過程中有點丟失。然而，惠特利并不擔心觀眾會對他的舞蹈作品進行自己的解讀)”可知，因為舞蹈沒有對話和字幕，觀眾會有自己的解讀，所以在理解上會存在不確定性。所以“Therewillalwaysbeambiguityinunderstandingwhenworkingthroughdance(通過舞蹈來表達時，理解上總會存在……)”中劃線詞ambiguity的意思是“不確定；不明確”，與C項“Uncertainty”意思相近。故選C項。【40題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Motion-capture(動作捕捉)sensorsattachedtotheirbodiespickuptheirroutinesandthemovementdataissenttoacomputer.Thetechnologycreatesaseriesofvisualsonthescreens,rangingfrom3Dcelllikeimagestohumanlikeavatars,allshiftinginrealtimeinresponsetothedancers’movements.(附著在他們身體上的動作捕捉傳感器捕捉他們的動作，運動數(shù)據被發(fā)送到計算機。這項技術在屏幕上創(chuàng)建了一系列視覺效果，從類似細胞的3D圖像到類人化身，所有這些都根據舞者的動作實時變化)”可知，動作捕捉技術可將舞者的動作轉化為實時的視覺效果。故選B項。【41題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Regardlessofdifferentpreferences,perhapsthemostpressingquestionthisexperienceleavesuswith,however,extendsbeyondthestageandfocusesonanewtakeontranshumanismorhowthedigitalworldwillinfluenceourlife.(然而，不管喜好如何，這次經歷留給我們的最緊迫的問題可能超越了舞臺，聚焦于對超人類主義的新理解，或者數(shù)字世界將如何影響我們的生活)”可知，文章暗示我們應該重新思考在數(shù)字時代作為人類意味著什么。故選D項。D“Ifyoucaninonedayrenewyourself,dosoeveryday”,declaredShangDynastyfounderChengTang.Thisisanicemottotoliveby,andcertainlymoreromanticthanAmericanpoetEzraPound’s“MakeitNew”,acatchphraseofthemodernistmovement.Mostofustendtofightchangeandseekstability,yetasFrenchphilosopherHenryBergsonnotes,“l(fā)ifeisendlesslycontinuedcreation.”Wenoticechangeonlywhenit’ssuddenandfinal,likewhenwechangecareers,orsellourforeverhome.ButBergsonarguesthatchangeiseverlasting,notjustinthesemoments.Ourpastfollowsusateveryinstantandleansoverthepresent,andthedirectionittakesis“new,unique,andunforeseen”.Itisacomfortingthoughtthatwepressuponourfutureateverymomentintotallynovelways.Butitalsohelpsexplainthequietsadnesswefeelwhenlifeisgoingwell,justliketryingtoholdontosandfallingthroughone’sfingers.Bergsondidn’tlike“clocktime”—themechanicaltickingofseconds.Hepreferred“duration”,wheretimeflowscontinuously,ratherthanaseriesofseparatedmoments.Wearethedancerwhomovesthroughtime,makingitupasshegoesalong.AncientGreekphilosopherHeraclitusacknowledgedthattheonlyunchangingforceinlifeischange.Drivingthisprocessofchangeisthetensionofoppositessuchaslifeanddeath,dayandnight,wetanddry.Struggleanddisagreementareimportanttothecreationofnewthings;creativityarisesfromthedynamicinterplayofopposingforces.Similarly,theTaijim(Yin-Yangsymbol)representssuchinterplay.Yinisconnectedwithqualitieslikedarkness,themoon,andtheearth.Yangisconnectedwithqualitiessuchaslight,thesun,andheaven.Thecombinedpatternindicatesthattheyareinterdependent,outofwhicharisesastablebalance.Likemostcrossroadsinlife—“ShouldIputmymoneyinahigh-riskinvestmentorplayitsafe?”,or“ShouldIsettledownorkeepexploring?”—theinternalstruggleisfulloftension.Butit'sthistensionthatbringsaboutnewideas,newplans,newdestiny.Pound’scryto“MakeitNew”ishappeningtouswhetherwelikeitornot.Wehavenochoicebuttoridealongthiscurrentofnever-endingnewness.AsAlanWattssays,“Theonlywaytomakesenseoutofchangeistodiveintoit,movewithit,andjointhedance.”42.Accordingtothepassage,HenriBergsonbelieves________.A.changeinlifecomesfrommajoreventsB.timeisbestunderstoodasaseriesoffixedpointsC.ourpastshapesthepresentandfutureunpredictablyD.“clocktime”canexplaintheinterplayofopposingforces43.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Tensionofoppositesgeneratescreativity.B.Trueexistenceliesinstabilityandcontrol.C.“Makeitnew”promotesseekinganewlifestyle.D.TheindependenceofYinandYangleadstobalance.44.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.StrikingaBalance:FlowingwiththePresentB.TheCurrentofNewness:FightingOpposingForcesC.TheDanceofChange:WelcomingDailyRenewalD.EnlighteningtheFuture:ReturningtoAncientWisdom【答案】42.C43.A44.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文，文章探討了變化的本質及其對人生的影響，作者認為時間并非是線性的，而是像舞蹈一樣，過去影響現(xiàn)在和未來，變化是永恒的，而對立的張力（例如陰與陽、生與死）是創(chuàng)造力的源泉，最后呼應Pound“創(chuàng)造新事物”的理念，鼓勵人們擁抱變化?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段中“Ourpastfollowsusateveryinstantandleansoverthepresent,andthedirectionittakesis“new,unique,andunforeseen”.(我們的過去每時每刻都跟隨著我們，并向現(xiàn)在傾斜，它所采取的方向是“新的，獨特的，不可預測的”)”可知，HenriBergson認為我們的過去以不可預測的方式塑造了現(xiàn)在和未來，故選C。【43題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段中“Struggleanddisagreementareimportanttothecreationofnewthings;creativityarisesfromthedynamicinterplayofopposingforces.(斗爭和分歧對于創(chuàng)造新事物很重要；創(chuàng)造力來自于對立力量的動態(tài)相互作用)”可知，對立的張力產生創(chuàng)造力，故選A?！?4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據全文內容，結合第一段中“Ifyoucaninonedayrenewyourself,dosoeveryday(如果你能在一天內更新自己，那么每天都這樣做)”和最后一段“Pound’scryto“MakeitNew”ishappeningtouswhetherwelikeitornot.Wehavenochoicebuttoridealongthiscurrentofnever-endingnewness.AsAlanWattssays,“Theonlywaytomakesenseoutofchangeistodiveintoit,movewithit,andjointhedance.”