Unit4GlobalwarmingPart1清單式背誦——主干知識(shí)一遍過(guò)1.comeabout發(fā)生；造成?Howdoesitcomeaboutthat...?某事怎么發(fā)生的……？?comeacross偶遇；被理解comealong進(jìn)展；進(jìn)行comeout出現(xiàn)；出版；結(jié)果是comeround恢復(fù)知覺(jué)；蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)cometo共計(jì)；達(dá)到；蘇醒comeup走近；上來(lái)；提出；發(fā)芽comeupwith提出whenitcomesto當(dāng)談到eg.(廣東卷)Todealwiththeproblem,Icameupwitharulethatanyoneinourclassshallnotcopyothers’homework.(建議信)為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我提出了一條規(guī)則：我們班上任何人都不得抄襲別人的作業(yè)。2.subscribevi.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱vt.簽署(文件)；捐助?subscribetosth同意；贊成；訂閱……subscribe...to...把……捐贈(zèng)給……；把……簽署在……上?subscriptionn.訂閱subscribern.訂閱者eg.(天津卷書面表達(dá))Withtheintentionofstrengtheningthebondbetweentwoschools,wewillsubscribeabout200bookstotheChineselanguageclassinyourschool.(演講稿)為了加強(qiáng)兩所學(xué)校之間的聯(lián)系，我們將為貴校的中文班訂閱大約200本書。3.quantityn.量；數(shù)量；數(shù)目(amount)alarge/smallquantityof大/少量的(large)quantitiesof大量的inquantity/inlargequantities大量地eg.AsfarasI’mconcerned，itisqualityratherthanquantitythatreallycounts.就我個(gè)人而言，重要的是質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量。【點(diǎn)撥】(1)“aquantityof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)名詞是否可數(shù)來(lái)確定；(2)“quantitiesof＋名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。4.tendvi.趨向；易于；照顧vt.照顧；護(hù)理?tendtodo/be...容易/易于/趨向……tend(to)sb/sth照顧/護(hù)理/看護(hù)……?tendencyn.趨向；傾向haveatendencytodosth傾向于做……；喜歡做……Thereisatendencytowards/tosth有一種……的趨勢(shì)/傾向Thereisatendency(forsb)todosth(某人)有做某事的傾向eg.Fromthispointofview，wecanseemoreandmorepeopletendtoofferhelptothoseintrouble.從這一點(diǎn)，我們可以看到越來(lái)越多的人傾向于幫助那些處于麻煩中的人。5.resultin導(dǎo)致(cause/leadto)?resultfrom(＝arisefrom)由……造成；因……而產(chǎn)生?asaresult結(jié)果asaresultof由于……；作為……的結(jié)果withoutresult沒(méi)有結(jié)果；白費(fèi)eg.Whenfacingtrouble,hecouldn’tkeepcalm,whichresultsinhisconstantfailures.面對(duì)困境時(shí)，他不能保持鎮(zhèn)定，這導(dǎo)致他不斷失敗。6.opposevt.反對(duì)；反抗；與(某人)較量?oppose(doing)sth反對(duì)(做)某事opposesb/sb’sdoingsth反對(duì)某人做某事?opposedadj.反對(duì)的；對(duì)立的beopposedto(doing)sth反對(duì)(做)某事?oppositeadj.對(duì)面的；對(duì)立的；相反的prep.在……的對(duì)面n.對(duì)立的人或事物oppositionn.反對(duì)；反抗eg.Justasthepiechartshows,70%ofthemopposetheteacher’sview.正如餅分圖所示，70%的學(xué)生反對(duì)老師的觀點(diǎn)。【同義】disagreewith，beagainst，objectto，holdnegativeattitudestowards7.consequencen.結(jié)果；后果；影響(result，effect)?asaconsequence/inconsequence因此；結(jié)果asaconsequenceof/inconsequenceof由于……的緣故of(no/little)consequence(不)重要?consequentadj.隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的consequentlyadv.因此；結(jié)果eg.(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Regardlessoftheriskofgettinginfected，UncleLiisresponsibleanddevotedtohisjob.Asaconsequence，hewelldeservesourrespect.(人物介紹)不管感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有多大，李叔叔對(duì)自己的工作很負(fù)責(zé)、很投入。因此，他值得我們尊敬。8.statevt.陳述；說(shuō)明n.狀態(tài)；情況；國(guó)家；州?state＋that/wh－從句聲明……；說(shuō)明……Itisstatedthat...據(jù)宣布/據(jù)稱/據(jù)說(shuō)……?ina(n)...state＝inastateof處于……的狀態(tài)agoodstateofmind良好的心態(tài)?statementn.聲明；陳述apublic/written/anofficialstatement公開/書面/正式聲明make/issueastatement發(fā)表聲明eg.(浙江6月卷)Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsightsalongtheway.我們開車經(jīng)過(guò)幾個(gè)州，沿途看到了許多美麗的景色。9.rangen.種類；范圍；幅度；界限(limit)v.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng)；變化(vary)；排列(arrange)?rangefrom...to...在……和……之間變化rangebetween...and...在……和……之間變化?a(full/wide)rangeof一系列……；各種各樣的in/withinrange(of...)在(……)范圍內(nèi)beyond/outofrange(of...)在(……)范圍外eg.(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))Thefarm，locatedinthesuburbofourcity，hasawiderangeof/various/varietiesofcropssuchasvegetablesandfruits.(自然生態(tài))這個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)位于我市郊區(qū)，有各種各樣的農(nóng)作物，如蔬菜和水果。10.keepon繼續(xù)；反復(fù)做keepondoingsth繼續(xù)做某事eg.(2019·天津6月卷書面表達(dá))EverytimeIencounterwhetherclassicalmusicorjazz,asenseofentertainmentandreliefarisesspontaneously,makingmybodyrefreshandofferingthecouragetokeepon.(藝術(shù))每當(dāng)我聽到古典音樂(lè)或爵士樂(lè)時(shí)，一種娛樂(lè)和放松的感覺(jué)就會(huì)自然而然地產(chǎn)生，使我的身體恢復(fù)活力，并給我繼續(xù)前進(jìn)的勇氣。11.averageadj.平均的；普通的(common)；平常的(ordinary)n.平均數(shù)；一般水準(zhǔn)v.計(jì)算出……的平均數(shù)?anaverageof平均有(后跟數(shù)詞)onaverage平均；一般地above/belowaverage在平均水平以上/以下uptoaverage達(dá)到平均水平?averagetemperature平均溫度anaveragestudent一名普通的學(xué)生childrenofaverageintelligence智力一般的兒童?averageout算出平均數(shù)eg.(全國(guó)卷Ⅲ書面表達(dá))AllstudentshavetwoPEclassesaweekandwearerequiredtorunforanaverageof20minuteseveryday.(健康生活)所有學(xué)生每周上兩節(jié)體育課，并且我們被要求平均每天跑20分鐘。12.advocatevt.擁護(hù)；提倡；主張?advocatedoingsth主張/提倡/擁護(hù)做某事?advocatethatsb/sth(should)dosth主張某人/物應(yīng)該做某事13.circumstancen.環(huán)境；情況in/undernocircumstances決不；無(wú)論如何都不(位于句首時(shí)，用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))in/underthecircumstances在這種情況下in/underanycircumstances在任何情況下ifcircumstancesallow/permit如果情況允許eg.Undernocircumstancesshouldweseektemporaryeconomicdevelopmentattheexpenseoftheenvironmentandresources.絕不能以犧牲環(huán)境和浪費(fèi)資源為代價(jià)求得一時(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?！韭?lián)想】以下短語(yǔ)均意為“決不；無(wú)論如何也不”，置于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序：atnotime，innoway，innosense，onnoaccount，onnocondition。教材詞塊1.causethisglobalwarming導(dǎo)致這次全球變暖2.arandombutnaturalphenomenon隨意的自然現(xiàn)象3.greenhousegases溫室氣體4.greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)5.trapheatfromthesun吸收太陽(yáng)的熱量6.overthelast100to150years在過(guò)去100～150年期間7.makeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxide對(duì)二氧化碳的含量作精確的測(cè)量8.aslowas1to1.5degreesCelsius低到1～1.5攝氏度9.ashighas5degrees高達(dá)5攝氏度10.usealotofenergy消耗大量能源11.haveacommitment承擔(dān)義務(wù)12.improvetheenvironment改善環(huán)境13.buildupintheatmosphere在大氣層中聚集14.buythingsmadefromrecycledmaterials購(gòu)買由回收的材料制成的東西15.beeconomicalwithenergy節(jié)約能源教材佳句1.Thereisnodoubtthattheearthisbecomingwarmer...(that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句)毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，地球正在變暖……2.Evenifwestartreducingtheamountofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegases，theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.(evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在(未來(lái))幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)內(nèi)，氣候仍會(huì)持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。3.Theyalsoagreethatitistheburningofmoreandmorefossilfuelsthathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)他們還贊同下述觀點(diǎn)：正是由于越來(lái)越多的燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。4.DrJaniceFostersaysthatoverthenext100yearstheamountofwarmingcouldbeaslowas1to1.5degreesCelsius，butitcouldbeashighas5degrees.(as...as...)福斯特博士說(shuō)，在今后的100年里，全球變暖的量可能低到1～1.5攝氏度，但是也有可能高達(dá)5攝氏度。ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonsolongasyouareusingit—ifnot，turnitoff！只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你便可以把它開著。如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！句型公式|solongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞短語(yǔ)：adlongas只要incase如果；萬(wàn)一onconditionthat只要；如果providedthat如果；條件是providingthat假如①(2020·天津7月卷)Jimsayswecanstayinhishouseaslongasweleaveitcleanandtidy.吉姆說(shuō)只要我們保持他的房子干凈整潔，我們就可以住在他家里。②(全國(guó)卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Youcanwriteanythingrelevantas/solongasit’sinterestingandinformative.(建議信)只要有趣且內(nèi)容豐富，你可以寫任何相關(guān)的東西。③Heagreedtospeaktoreportersonconditionthathewasnotidentified.他同意在不暴露身份的條件下和記者談話。Part2學(xué)案式檢測(cè)——背誦效果速評(píng)估(限時(shí)20分鐘)Ⅰ.單詞過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——英漢互譯1.quantityn.量；數(shù)量2.glancevi.看一下；掃視n.一瞥3.advocatevt.擁護(hù)；提倡；主張4.mildadj.溫和的；溫柔的；淡的5.rangen.種類；范圍6.refreshvt.使恢復(fù)；使振作7.averageadj.平均的8.pollutionn.污染；弄臟9.circumstancen.環(huán)境；情況10.floodn.洪水；水災(zāi)11.graphn.圖表；坐標(biāo)圖；曲線圖12.renewableadj.能再生的；可更新的13.phenomenon(復(fù)數(shù)－ena)n.現(xiàn)象14.fueln.燃料15.randomadj.胡亂的；任意的16.commitmentn.承諾；交托；信奉17.widespreadadj.分布廣的；普遍的18.subscribevi.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱課外拓展延伸——詞形變換1.consumevt.消費(fèi)；消耗；耗盡；吃完→consumern.顧客→consumptionn.消費(fèi)2.subscribevi.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱vt.簽署(文件)；捐助→subscriptionn.同意；捐贈(zèng)；訂閱；簽署3.tendvi.趨向；易于；照顧vt.照顧；護(hù)理→tendencyn.傾向；趨勢(shì)4.opposevt.反對(duì)；反抗；與(某人)較量→opposedadj.反對(duì)的；對(duì)立的→oppositionn.反對(duì)；反抗→opposite__adj.對(duì)面的；對(duì)立的；相反的prep.在……的對(duì)面n.對(duì)立的人或事物5.environmentn.環(huán)境→environmental__adj.環(huán)境的→environmentalist__n.環(huán)境保護(hù)論者6.consequencen.結(jié)果；后果；影響→consequentadj.隨之發(fā)生的；作為結(jié)果的→consequentlyadv.因此；所以7.statevt.陳述；說(shuō)明→statementn.說(shuō)明；說(shuō)法；表白8.steadyadj.平穩(wěn)的；持續(xù)的；穩(wěn)固的→steadilyadv.平穩(wěn)地；持續(xù)地9.economyn.經(jīng)濟(jì)；節(jié)約→economicadj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的→economicaladj.節(jié)約的；經(jīng)濟(jì)的10.existvi.存在→existingadj.目前的；現(xiàn)在的→existencen.生存；存在11.pollutevt.污染→pollutedadj.被污染的→pollutionn.污染；弄臟12.growv.種植；生長(zhǎng)；發(fā)展→growthn.增長(zhǎng)；生長(zhǎng)13.electricadj.電的；電動(dòng)的→electronicadj.電子的→electricaladj.電的；與電有關(guān)的→electricityn.電；電力14.educatev.教育；培養(yǎng)→educatorn.教育工作者；教育家→educationn.教育；培養(yǎng)15.contributev.貢獻(xiàn)；撰稿；捐助；捐贈(zèng)→contributionn.貢獻(xiàn)；捐助16.agreev.同意；贊成→disagreev.不同意→agreementn.同意；贊成；一致→disagreementn.分歧；不一致Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)詞塊過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——英漢互譯1.come__about發(fā)生；造成2.go__up上升；增長(zhǎng)；升起3.result__in導(dǎo)致4.be__opposed__to反對(duì)……5.__put__up__with忍受；容忍6.keep__on繼續(xù)7.on__the__whole大體上；基本上8.on__behalf__of代表……一方；作為……的代言人9.beeconomicalwithenergy節(jié)約能源10.quantitiesof大量的11.andsoon等等12.greenhouseeffect溫室效應(yīng)13.trapheatfromthesun吸收太陽(yáng)的熱量14.overthelast100to150years在過(guò)去100～150年期間15.haveacommitment承擔(dān)義務(wù)16.improvetheenvironment改善環(huán)境課外拓展延伸——英漢互譯1.come__to涉及；共計(jì)；達(dá)到2.subscribe__to__sth同意；贊成；訂閱……3.in__a(n)...state處于……的狀態(tài)4.beyond/out__of__range__(of...)在(……)范圍外5.advocate__doing__sth主張/提倡/擁護(hù)做某事6.on__average平均；一般地7.inquantity/inlargequantities大量地8.haveatendencytodosth傾向于做……；喜歡做……9.asaresultof作為……的結(jié)果10.inconsequenceof由于……的緣故11.in/underanycircumstances在任何情況下Ⅲ.句式過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)課內(nèi)基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)——補(bǔ)全句子1.即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量，在(未來(lái))幾十年或幾個(gè)世紀(jì)內(nèi)，氣候仍會(huì)持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。(evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句)Even__if__we__start__reducing__the__amount__of__carbon__dioxide__and__other__greenhouse__gases，theclimateisgoingtokeeponwarmingfordecadesorcenturies.2.他們還贊同下述觀點(diǎn)：正是由于越來(lái)越多的燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加。(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Theyalsoagreethatit__is__the__burning__of__more__and__more__fossil__fuels__thathasresultedinthisincreaseincarbondioxide.3.福斯特博士說(shuō)，在今后的100年里，全球變暖的量可能低到1～1.5攝氏度，但是也有可能高達(dá)5攝氏度。(as...as...)DrJaniceFostersaysthatoverthenext100yearstheamountofwarmingcould__be__as__low__as1to1.5degreesCelsius，butitcould__be__as__high__as5degrees.4.只要你在使用電器設(shè)備，你便可以把它開著。如果不用就把它關(guān)掉！(solongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句)ItisOKtoleaveanelectricalapplianceonso__long__as__you__are__using__it—ifnot，turnitoff!課外拓展延伸——補(bǔ)全句子1.只要有趣且內(nèi)容豐富，你可以寫任何相關(guān)的東西。(solongas引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句)Youcanwriteanythingrelevantso__long__as__it’s__interesting__and__informative.2.為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我提出了一條規(guī)則，我們班上任何人都不得抄襲別人的作業(yè)。(come)Todealwiththeproblem，I__came__up__with__a__rulethatanyoneinourclassshallnotcopyothers’homework.3.為了加強(qiáng)兩所學(xué)校之間的聯(lián)系，我們將為貴校的中文班訂閱大約200本書。(subscribe)Withtheintentionofstrengtheningthebondbetweentwoschools,wewill__subscribe__about__200__books__to__the__Chinese__language__classinyourschool.4.不管感染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有多大，李叔叔對(duì)自己的工作很負(fù)責(zé)，很投入。因此，他值得我們尊敬。(consequence)Regardlessoftheriskofgettinginfected，UncleLiisresponsibleanddevotedtohisjob.As__a__consequence，hewelldeservesourrespect.Part3層級(jí)式精練——單元要點(diǎn)全練通1.quantity用法個(gè)個(gè)清——練用法/寫美句①Largequantitiesofclothesandfoodwere__provided(provide)fortheearthquakeareaslastweek.②Wecanofferyouabetterpriceifyoucanbuyitinquantity.③(2019·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá))我知道你曾經(jīng)參加過(guò)排球賽，因此你肯定積累了大量的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。Iknowyouonceparticipatedinvolleyballgames，soyoumust__have__accumulated__a__large__quantity__of/large__quantities_of_experience.2.oppose用法一遍過(guò)——練用法/寫美句①(廣東卷)Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedtofeedingababyregularly.②Theparentsstronglyopposedtheirdaughtergoing(go)therealone.③Thegovernmentpostponedthenewproposalbecausealotofpeoplewereopposedtoit.→With__a__lot__of__people__opposed__to/opposing__the__new__proposal，thegovernmentpostponedit.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))3.consequence用法多棱鏡——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Iwonderifparentsshouldalwaystellthetruthnomattertheconsequences.不管后果如何②(2019·北京卷)Consequently(consequent)，shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusingnaturalsweeteners.③Asaresult，sheunderstooditandbecameinterestedinChinesetraditionalculture.→Consequently/As__a__consequence，sheunderstooditandbecameinterestedinChinesetraditionalculture.4.range用法巧練通——猜詞義/練用法①Inanygivenoffice，employeescanrangefromage22to70andbeyond.vi.(在一定范圍內(nèi))變動(dòng)②Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife，ranging(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.5.average用法面面觀——猜詞義/練用法/寫美句①(2020·浙江1月卷)Inthestudy，about52percentofthedadsexhibitedabove－averagelevelsofauthoritativeparenting.平均數(shù)之上的②Therewasnothingspecialaboutthefilm—itwasonlyaverage.adj.普通的③Economicgrowthisexpectedtoaverage2%nextyear.vt.平均為④(2020·江蘇卷)Ontheotherhand，theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里)，onaverage，duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.⑤飯菜沒(méi)什么特別，挺平常的。Therewasnothingspecialaboutthemeal；it__was__average.6.result短語(yǔ)一網(wǎng)收——練用法/寫美句(1)選詞填空(asaresult，asaresultof)①(2020·浙江1月卷)Thestateproduced2.8billionpoundsofcheeselastyear！As__a__result，therewasalotofleftovercheesebrine.②As__a__result__ofmoreandmorenoisepollution，manyspeciesaredyingout.(2)選詞填空(resultin，resultfrom)③Thefactthatmanyspeciesaredyingoutresults__frommoreandmorenoisepollution.④Hiscarelessnessresulted__inhisfailureintheEnglishtest.(3)(天津6月卷書面表達(dá))每天我不得不花大部分時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。結(jié)果，我沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間做運(yùn)動(dòng)。Everyday，Ihavetospendmostofmytimeinstudying.As__a__result，Idon’thaveenoughtimetotakeexercise.7.“條件狀語(yǔ)從句”句型薈萃——練用法/寫美句①Aslongaswehaveastrongwill，wewillbeabletoovercomeanydifficulty.②(2019·北京卷書面表達(dá))只要我們每個(gè)人都尊重勞動(dòng)，我們就可以創(chuàng)造更多的社會(huì)財(cái)富。As__long__as__each__of__us__respects__the__labour，wecancreatemoresocialwealth.③Aslongasyoukeepstudyinghard,youcanimproveyourmaths.→On__condition__thatyoukeepstudyinghard,youcanimproveyourmaths.(condition)維度一詞形變化練1.(2021·浙江1月卷)Hispredictionsaboutslowingpopulationgrowth(grow),mobilephonesandincreasingheightwereclosetothemark.2.(2020·天津5月卷)WiththewidespreaduseoftheInternet，communicationsacrosstheworldhavesteadily(steady)developedovertheyears.3.Theyhavecontributedalotofmoneytotheschoolandshehasmadegreatcontributions(contribute)toeducation.4.(2020·浙江7月卷)Ofcourse，ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons—includingotherenvironmental(environment)influencesorgeneticfactors.5.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Therewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation(educate).6.Therearesomedisagreements(disagree)amongus，soweneedtodecideonadatetodiscussthematter.7.Thecityislookingintowaystoreduceairpollution(pollute).8.Theorganizationhasbeeninexistence(exist)for25years.維度二固定用法練1.Whencompared(compare)withthevastuniverse，ourearthlookslikeasmallblueball.2.Accordingtothedata，thepriceofthisproducthasgoneupalotinthelastfewmonths.3.Animalactivistsadvocatethatthegovernment(should)set(set)upaspecialorganizationtoprotectthesemigratingbirds.4.Howtimeflies！Twoweekswentby，andourexchangeactivitiesended.Onbehalfofmyschool，Iwouldliketoexpressmyfeelings.5.Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm，wecankeeponlearning.6.Ifeltthatitwouldbeavictoryforusevenifwelostthegame.7.Howdidtheaccidentcomeaboutsincethedriverdroveatsuchalowspeed?8.He’llhavetofindsomeotherworkforhecan’tputupwiththisloudnoiseanymore.維度三語(yǔ)境辨義練■熟詞生義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境寫出加黑詞的詞性和詞義1.(2020·江蘇卷)Humormakesaverage－lookingpeoplelookcuteanduninterestingpeopleseementertaining.__adj.長(zhǎng)相普通的2.(全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.涌入3.(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thenhesaidtheyhadfoundapileofpapersintheirtrashcanthathadbeenleftoutonthefootpath.垃圾桶■一詞多義——根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選出state的含義A.n.州B.n.狀態(tài)C.vt.陳述1.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ)Inhernaturalstate，theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.B2.(浙江6月卷)WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque，abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.A3.(福建卷)Onespringafternoonin1983，IstoppedataxiinKualaLumpur.Istatedmydestination.C人與自然——環(huán)境與保護(hù)用本單元詞匯、句式和語(yǔ)法知識(shí)完成作文假設(shè)你校將舉辦城市環(huán)保宣傳活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫一篇演講稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.垃圾現(xiàn)狀；2.提出倡議。1.It__is__a__great__honour__for__me__to__deliver__a__speech__here__on__behalf__of__my__class(我很榮幸能代表我的班級(jí)在這里演講).Almosteverydayquantitiesofrubbish，suchasplasticbagsandfruitpeels，canbeseenfloatingontheriverbehindourschool.Thereisnodoubtthatitistherubbish2.that__results__in__the__pollution__of__the__river(導(dǎo)致了河流的污染).Evenifwestresstheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment，manypeoplejustkeeponlittering.Onthewhole，wecanhardlyputupwithand3.are__strongly__opposed__to__such__behavior(強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)這種行為).Inmyview，4.as__long__as__we__can__make__contributions__to__protecting__the__environment(只要我們能為保護(hù)環(huán)境做出貢獻(xiàn))，theworldwillbecomeamuchbetterplacetolivein.Part4配餐式作業(yè)——高考題型精準(zhǔn)練(限時(shí)30分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2022·新鄉(xiāng)市第二次質(zhì)量檢測(cè))ParkerStewart，a16－year－oldstudentfromSayreSchoolinAmerica，decidedlastyearthathewantedtostudytheenvironmentbyhimselftohaveabroadinfluenceonthecommunity.Inordertoreducethecarbonfootprint，Stewartplannedtoproduceenoughsolarenergytopowertheschool’ssciencelabs.Nowhisplanissettohappen.Tofix30solarpanels(太陽(yáng)能電池板)isscheduledforlateNovember.Ashebeganhisresearchonsolarenergy，hediscoveredausefulphoneapp.Byenteringanaddress，hecouldfindouthowmuchsunlightthelocationreceiveseachday.Basedonhowmuchsunlightitreceives，hefoundthathisschoolbuildingwasthebestlocation.Atthesuggestionofhisscienceteacher，DebbieWheeler，hefirstperformedanenergycalculationofthesciencelabtoseehowmuchenergyatypicallabusesperday.Then，hestartedhisresearch，contactingalocalcompanyofsolarpanels，SynergyHome，todothejob.Helackedmoneyforstartingtheproject，soheconvincedSayre’sheadtosupporthimafterexplainingthebenefitsofsolarpowerfortheschoolandcommunity.SinceSayreprovidedtheinitialseedmoneytoprovideinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)andthepurchaseofonepanel，theprojecthasgrowntoincludeatotalof30panels.Theyareexpectedtoproduceenoughenergytorunallthesciencelabsoncampus.“ItfeelslikeadreamtothinkthatanideaIhadfrommyAPEnvironmentalclasswouldhavethiskindofinfluence，”saidStewart，expressinggratitudeforWheeler’shelp.WheelersaidthesuccessoftheprojectwasduetoStewart’seffortsandwillingnesstofollowthroughontheprojectfromstarttofinish.“I’vehadotherstudentstalkaboutenvironmentalinitiatives(倡議)oncampus，butStewarthadthepersistenceandcouragetomakeithappen，”shesaid.StewartsaidthathewouldeventuallyliketostudyenvironmentalengineeringatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是新聞報(bào)道。美國(guó)Sayre學(xué)校16歲的學(xué)生帕克·斯圖爾特為了減少碳足跡，在學(xué)校的資助下聯(lián)系太陽(yáng)能電池板公司SynergyHome安裝太陽(yáng)能電池板，給學(xué)校的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室供電。1.WhatdidStewartdowiththehelpofthephoneapp?A.Hebeganhisresearchonsolarenergy.B.Hefoundaperfectsiteforhisproject.C.Hedidanenergycalculationofthesciencelab.D.Heidentifiedthespecificaddressofhisschool.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二、三句可知，通過(guò)該手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序，他可以知道某個(gè)地方每天接收多少陽(yáng)光；根據(jù)接收到的日照量，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的學(xué)校大樓是接收太陽(yáng)能的最佳位置。據(jù)此可知，通過(guò)手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序，他為太陽(yáng)能項(xiàng)目找到了完美的場(chǎng)地。]2.HowdidStewartgetseedmoneyforhisproject?A.Bygettingsupportfromhisschool.B.Byaskingforhelpfromhisscienceteacher.C.ByconvincingSynergyHometoprovidefreepanels.D.Bycollectingmoneyfromhisschoolandcommunity.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“SinceSayreprovidedthe...purchaseofonepanel”可知，Stewart的學(xué)校為該項(xiàng)目提供了啟動(dòng)資金。]3.WhichwordcanbestdescribeStewart?A.Faithful. B.Flexible.C.Determined. D.Addicted.答案C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第二句可知，老師認(rèn)為該項(xiàng)目的成功歸功于斯圖爾特的努力和愿意將項(xiàng)目從頭到尾進(jìn)行到底的毅力。結(jié)合上文，從斯圖爾特確定該項(xiàng)目后開始選址到聯(lián)系當(dāng)?shù)仄髽I(yè)和說(shuō)服校方可以判斷，斯圖爾特是一個(gè)有決心的人。]4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Studentssearchforsolarenergy.B.Ateacherhelpsastudentdoaproject.C.Astudentplaysapartincuttingcarbonfootprints.D.Studentstalkabouttheenvironmentalprotection.答案C[主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章第二段為全文的主題段；全文圍繞這一主題，講述了16歲的學(xué)生斯圖爾特為減少碳足跡，利用太陽(yáng)能為學(xué)校的實(shí)驗(yàn)室供電。]【詞匯積累】1.power熟義：n.權(quán)力，控制力生義：v.提供電力2.atthesuggestionof在……的建議下3.calculation/?k?lkju'le??n/n.計(jì)算；估計(jì)，預(yù)測(cè)，推測(cè)4.fixv.安裝，固定5.persistencen.堅(jiān)持；持續(xù)存在B(2022·貴陽(yáng)市高三適應(yīng)性考試一)OnJanuary22nd，2021，Chinasaidithasestablishedanewmonitoringandresearchcenterforgreenhousegasesandcarbonneutrality(碳中和)inordertocontributemoretofightingclimatechange.TheofficialannouncementoftheMonitoringandAssessmentCenterforGHGsandCarbonNeutrality(溫室氣體及碳中和監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)估中心)，locatedinBeijing，wasmadebytheChinaMeteorologicalAdministration.Itisexpectedtoplayavitalroleinprovidingbothtechnicalandscientificsupportforresearchers.Thecenterwillgathertopscientistsinthefieldbothathomeandabroad.Apartfromprovidingwaystoachievecarbonneutrality，itwillalsobehelpfultomaketechnologicalbreakthroughsinthenextthreetofiveyears.Thecenteristaskedwithcreatingasystemtoevaluatetheeffectivenessofthecountry’seffortstofightclimatechange.Therecruitment(招募)ofstaffmembersisexpectedtobefinishedinthenexttwomonths.AscientificsteeringcommitteewillalsobestartedinApriltoguidethecenter’soperation.Chinaisdeterminedtomakeitscarbondioxideemissions(排放)peak(達(dá)到峰值)before2030andachievecarbonneutralitybefore2060.OneofthelessonsfromtheCOVID－19pandemicisthathumankindmustpursueagreendevelopmentpathandgreenlifestyle.ChinawillloweritscarbondioxideemissionsperunitofGDPbymorethan65percentfromthe2005levelandincreaseitsshareofnon－fossilfuelsinprimaryenergyconsumptiontoaround25percent.By2030，Chinawillalsoincreaseitsforeststockby6billioncubicmetersfromthe2005level，andbringitstotalinstalledcapacity(裝機(jī)容量)ofwindandsolarpowertoover1.2billionkilowatts.TheestablishmentofthecenterprovesChina’sdeterminationtopursueagreendevelopmentroad.It’saconcreteactionthatChinahastakentofighttheclimatechallenge.Carbonneutrality，oranet－zerocarbonfootprint，meansreachingabalancebetweencarbonemissionsandremovingpollutantsthroughcarbonsinksandotheroffsets(補(bǔ)償).Chinahasspedupresearchanddevelopmentofequipmenttomonitorgreenhousegasesandcarbonneutralityandachievedencouragingresults.However，thereisstillalongwaytogotoreachthetopworldstandard.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。為了更好地應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化，2021年1月22日，中國(guó)氣象局在北京啟動(dòng)運(yùn)行溫室氣體及碳中和監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)估中心。5.WhydidChinastarttheCenter?A.Toproducemoregreenhousegases.B.Togathermorescientistsworldwide.C.Tocontributemoretofightingclimatechange.D.Tointroducetopscientistsincarbonneutrality.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“OnJanuary22nd，2021...tofightingclimatechange.”可知，中國(guó)成立該中心的目的是為應(yīng)對(duì)環(huán)境變化貢獻(xiàn)更多力量。]6.Whenwilltherecruitmentofthestaffprobablyfinish?A.InJanuary. B.InMarch.C.InApril. D.InMay.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“OnJanuary22nd，2021...carbonneutrality(碳中和)”和第二段中的“Therecruitment(招募)of...thenexttwomonths.”可以推斷，招募工作預(yù)計(jì)在3月底完成。]7.HowsoonwillChinaachievecarbonneutralityaccordingtothepassage?A.Inabout9years. B.Inabout16years.C.Inabout39years. D.Inabout65years.答案C[推理判斷題。今年是2021年，再根據(jù)第三段中的“Chinaisdeterminedtomakeitscarbondioxide...before2060.”可知，大約39年之后中國(guó)會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和。]8.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.China’snewcontributiontoclimatebattle.B.China’scarbondioxideemissionspeaking.C.TheCenter’srecruitingnewmembers.D.Installedcapacityofwindandsolarpower.答案A[主旨大意題。根據(jù)本文的中心句“OnJanuary22nd，2021，Chinasaidithasestablished...fightingclimatechange”可知，本文主要講述了為了更好地應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化，中國(guó)氣象局在北京啟動(dòng)運(yùn)行溫室氣體及碳中和監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)估中心。]【詞匯積累】1.neutral/'nju?tr?l/adj.中立的，中和的2.task熟義：n.任務(wù)生義：v.交給某人(任務(wù))；派給某人(工作)3.evaluatev.評(píng)估4.pandemicn.流行病5.lowerv.降低，變昏暗Ⅱ.七選五(2022·太原市二模)Don’tbrag(炫耀),butbeproudofwhatyou’vedone.Thesetwopiecesofadviceweretoughtobalancebeforethesocialmediaexisted.__1__Weareunabletodrawalinebetweenthehumblebraggingandthestraight－upbragging.Butwecertainlyknowthatoversharingdoesn’tdoyourfriendshipanyfavors.Socialmediabringusconvenience.__2__Onceuponatime,onlyyourfamilyandclosefriendswouldbetheretoseeyoueagerlyopenpresentsonyourbirthdayparty.Nowthephotoyoutakeonyourmobilephonewilllikelyappearonyoursocialmediainasecond.Maybeyoujustpostitsubconsciously.Butyoursharingbehaviorcouldeasilybeconsideredannoyingorevennarcissistic(自戀的).__3__Maybeweshouldallaskourselvesthequestionbeforehittingthesharebutton.Ourpersonalfamegrowsalongsideoursocialmediapresences,sodoesthenumberofpeoplewecouldpotentiallyimpressorbother.AccordingtotherapistJessicaMichaels,providing“emotionalcontext”mayhelppreventwhatmightbeseenasthebragging.Thinkabouthowyousaysomething,notjustwhatyousay.Frameitinawaythatmakesitmoreofasharingidea.Forexample,ifyouplanapartyforyourbirthday,youcouldpost“Hey,friendsofmine！Let’splanthistogether.Maybewecouldallgo.”insteadofsaying“OhIcan’twaittoenjoymyparty.”.__4__Remember,theoriginalintentionbehindsocialmediaisaconnector,andyourtruebestfriendsdefinitelydowanttoknowwhenthingsarebecominggoodforyou.Nexttimewhenyoupostaphotoofyourfantasticwintervacation,forexample,makesuretotagyourfriends.__5__Alittlebitofsocialmedialovegoesalongway!A.Topostornottopost?B.Willitmakemeacelebrity?C.Tellthemyouwishtheywere