文體提升篇寫文章更像做美食，“巧婦難為無米之炊”，好作文需要好“食材”。本篇我們?yōu)榭忌奶暨x出高考常考的15種應(yīng)用文寫作文體，并貼心準(zhǔn)備了每種文體的“黃金模板”“常用表達(dá)”“佳作欣賞”，只等考生大顯身手，寫出“色香味俱全”的美文。第一講書信類應(yīng)用文(1)?求助信求助信是當(dāng)個人遇到一些自己無法解決的問題或困難時向別人請求幫助的一種書信。Dear________，I’m________________(自我介紹).I’mwritingtogetsomehelpabout________________(說明寫信目的).Ihavemetmanydifficultiesin__________________________________________(遇到的困難).First,________________.Besides,________________.What’smore，________________(分層次說明自己的困難).Facedwithsomanydifficulties,Ihavetoaskyouforsomehelp.Wouldyouliketo________________(委婉提出請求)?Inthemeanwhile,Ibegyouto________________(請求內(nèi)容一).Also,Iwouldlikeyouto________________(請求內(nèi)容二).Iwouldappreciateitifyoucoulddomeafavorand________________(表示感激).Lookingforwardtoyourreply(表達(dá)期望).Yourstruly，________(落款)【篇首句】請求幫助1.NowIamwritingtoaskyoutogivemeahand/domeafavor.現(xiàn)在我寫信請你幫我一個忙。2.Iamwritinginthehopethatyouwillbekindenoughtodomeafavor.我寫這封信是希望你能幫我一個忙。3.Facedwith/Facingsomanydifficulties,Ihavetoaskyouforhelp.面對如此多的困難，我不得不向你求助。【篇中句】描述具體困難1.Iwouldlikeyoutointroducesomegoodwaystolearngrammar.我想讓你給我介紹一些學(xué)習(xí)語法的好方法。2.Iwonderhowtodealwiththeproblem.我想知道如何解決這個問題。3.Unfortunately,Ifinditquitedifficulttoadjusttothenewclass.不幸的是，我覺得適應(yīng)新班級非常困難。4.Itisdifficult/challengingformetospeakinEnglishfluently.流利地說英語對我來說是困難的/有挑戰(zhàn)性的。【篇尾句】希望得到幫助1.Iwonderifyoucanhelpmewiththesedifficulties.Ireallyappreciateitifyoucouldhelpme.我想知道你能不能幫我解決這些困難。如果你能幫助我，我真的很感激。2.Iwillappreciateanyofyourhelp.我將非常感謝你的一切幫助。3.Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucanoffermesomepractical/valuableadvice.如果你能給我一些實(shí)用的/有價值的建議，我會很感激。(2021·八省市聯(lián)考卷改編)假定你是李華，準(zhǔn)備參加學(xué)校組織的英文詩朗誦比賽。請給外教George寫封郵件求助，內(nèi)容包括：1.說明比賽要求；2.請他推薦英文詩；3.請教朗誦技巧。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！久牢脑诰€】DearGeorge，I’mwritingtoaskforyourhelp.AnEnglishpoetryrecitationcontestistobeheldnextmonthinourschool.WecompetitorsarerequiredtoreciteanEnglishpoemwithin3minutes.Therefore,Iamwonderingifyoucouldrecommendsomepoemstomeforthecompetition.Anditwouldbebetterifthetopicsareconcernedwithchallengesanddreams.What’smore,couldyougivemesometipsonthebasicskillsofrecitation？Forinstance,wherethestressshouldfall.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldlendmeahand.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)假定你是李華，你和同學(xué)根據(jù)英語課文改編了一個短劇。給外教MissEvans寫封郵件，請她幫忙指導(dǎo)。郵件內(nèi)容包括：1.劇情簡介；2.指導(dǎo)內(nèi)容；3.商定時間地點(diǎn)。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭與結(jié)尾已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearMissEvans，Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Bestregards!Yourstruly，LiHua【參考范文】Dear__Miss__Evans，I’mwritingtoaskforyourhelpwithourEnglishshortplayadaptedfromourEnglishtextbook.ThestorystartswithaboynamedHuckleberryFinn,whoranawayfromhomeandlivedwithhisfriendJim,aformerslave,onaraftontheMississippiRiver.ThenFinnwascheatedbytwomen,withhisraftstolenandJimsoldtoafarm.FinnandhisfriendTomSawyermadeaplantosaveJimfromthefarm.AtlasttheymanagedtofreeJim.Iwonderifyouwouldliketogiveussomeadvice.Thevocabularyandgrammaroftheplotneedtobeadjusted,andwealsoneedyourguidanceonourperformance.Ifpossible,shallwemeetyouinyourofficeat10a.m.tomorrow?Looking__forward__to__your__early__reply.Best__regards!Yours__truly，Li__Hua?邀請信邀請信是邀請收信人參加某項(xiàng)活動的書信或郵件。寫作時，要重點(diǎn)說明邀請對方參加的活動內(nèi)容、活動安排細(xì)節(jié)，如時間、地點(diǎn)、做些什么樣的準(zhǔn)備等。Dear________，Howiseverythingwithyou？Iamwritingtotellyouthattherewillbea(n)________(內(nèi)容)at/in________(地點(diǎn))on________(時間).Wewouldbehonouredtohaveyoutherewithus.Theoccasionwillstartat________(具體時間).Thiswillbefollowedbya(n)________(進(jìn)一步的安排).Ataround________(時間)，________(另一個安排).Ringmeupandtellmewhetheryouwillcomeornot，willyou？Ireallyhopeyoucanmakeit.Myphonenumberis________.Lookingforwardto________(表達(dá)期望).Yours，________(落款)【篇首句】開門見山，發(fā)出邀請1.It’smypleasure/agreathonourformetoinviteyoutojoinus.非常榮幸地邀請你加入我們。2.I’dliketoinviteyoutojoinusforavisittothenearbynursinghomenextSaturdayfortheDoubleNinthFestival.我想邀請您下周六重陽節(jié)與我們一起去探訪附近的養(yǎng)老院?！酒芯洹吭敿?xì)介紹邀請參加的活動1.Herearesomedetailsabouttheactivity.下面是一些關(guān)于這個活動的細(xì)節(jié)。2.Theactivityisscheduledat8：00a.m.onJanuary20thinthelecturehallanditsthemeis“differencesbetweeneasternandwesterncustoms”.活動定于1月20日上午8點(diǎn)在報告廳舉行，主題為“東西方習(xí)俗的差異”。3.Ourmusicfestivalwillcoverawiderangeofactivities,includingshortmusicalperformances,playingmusicalinstruments,aswellasasingingcontest.我們的音樂節(jié)將包括各種各樣的活動，包括音樂短劇表演、演奏樂器以及一場歌唱比賽?！酒簿洹肯Ｍ邮芑虻玫交貜?fù)1.Idohopeyouwillacceptour/myinvitationifitisconvenienttoyou.我真心希望你方便的話能接受我們/我的邀請。2.Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldconfirmyourparticipationatyourearliestconvenience.如果你能盡早在你方便時確認(rèn)參加，我們將不勝感激。(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)假定你是李華。你校將舉辦音樂節(jié)，請寫封郵件邀請你的英國朋友Allen參加，內(nèi)容包括：1.時間；2.活動安排；3.歡迎他表演節(jié)目。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【美文在線】DearAllen，Howiseverythinggoing?OurschoolwillholdamusicfestivalnextSundaymorningintheschoolhall.AndI’mwritingtoinviteyoutojoinus.Themusicfestivalwillprovidevariousactivitieswherestudentswillputonsomeperformances.Knowingthatyouareamusiclover,Ithinkitwouldbeagreatideaifyoucouldparticipateinit.Youcansingasongorplayakindofmusicalinstrumentsuchasviolinorpiano.I’msureyouwillenjoyyourselfintheactivity.Ireallyhopethatyoucanattendthemusicfestivalandpleaseletmeknowyourdecisionsoon.Yourssincerely，LiHua(2022·寶雞高三模擬)假定你是李華，你的美國朋友George對中國文化很感興趣，你想邀請他來參加你市舉行的國際文化交流節(jié)，請你根據(jù)以下提示給他寫一封邀請信。主要內(nèi)容包括：1.提出邀請；2.簡單介紹活動；3.表達(dá)你的期望。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearGeorge，Yours，LiHua【參考范文】Dear__George，I’mmorethandelightedtotellyouthataninternationalculturalfestivalistobeheldinmycity.Iwonderifyouwouldliketoenjoyitwithme.Asscheduled,thefestivalistobeheldinthecityhallonOctober26th,lastingforthreedays.Participantsfromallovertheworldwillshowtheircountry’scuisine,costumes,artsandcrafts.Chinesepaintingandcalligraphyarealsoincluded.I’msurethefestivalwillpromoteyourunderstandingofdifferentcultures.Ipromiseyouwilllearnalotandhaveagoodtime.Yours，Li__Hua?建議信建議信是作者就有關(guān)問題進(jìn)行分析，并針對這些問題提出自己的看法和建議的書信或郵件。寫作時，要重點(diǎn)寫清建議的內(nèi)容及理由，具有合理性和說服力。Dear________，I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowto____________________________________________________________________(引出對方需要建議的主題).Hereareafewsuggestions(引出作者的建議).First,itisimportantto______________________________________________________________(一條建議).Then,italsohelpsto___________________________________(另一條建議).Inaddition,___________________________________________(其他的建議).I’msure______________________________________________________(預(yù)測可能的結(jié)果，給對方以信心和決心).Ihope____________________________(表達(dá)愿望).Yourssincerely，________(落款)【篇首句】開門見山，表明寫作目的1.I’mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell.我很高興收到你的來信，詢問我關(guān)于如何學(xué)好英語的建議。2.Iamwritingtogiveyousomesuggestions/offeryousomeadvice.我寫信給你一些建議/忠告。3.Iamwritingtoexpressmyviewsconcerninghowtomakefriendsinyournewschool.我寫信是要表達(dá)關(guān)于在新學(xué)校如何交朋友的看法?！酒芯洹空f明建議內(nèi)容及理由1.Isuggestwe(should)communicatewithourfriendsfacetofaceinsteadofsendingtextmessages.我建議我們應(yīng)該與朋友面對面交流而不是發(fā)短信。2.WhenitcomestoimprovingMandarin,myadviceisthatyou(should)practicespeakingitwheneverpossibleeveryday.當(dāng)談到提高普通話水平時，我的建議是每天盡可能多地練習(xí)說普通話。3.Itisstronglyrecommendedthattheschoolshouldgivestudentsmorefreetimetotakepartinsportsactivities.(有人)強(qiáng)烈建議學(xué)校給學(xué)生們更多的自由時間參加體育活動。4.It’swiseofyoutotakemorephysicalexercise，whichcanliftyourspirits.你多參加體育鍛煉是明智的，這能振奮你的精神。5.Aboveall,youneedtodevelopapositiveattitudetowardsyourstudiesandlife.最重要的是，你需要對你的學(xué)習(xí)和生活持一個積極的態(tài)度?！酒簿洹勘磉_(dá)希望1.Ihopeyouwilltakemyadviceintoaccount/considerationseriously.我希望你會認(rèn)真考慮我的建議。2.Ihopeyouwillfindtheseproposals/suggestionspractical/useful/helpful/beneficial.我希望你會覺得這些建議實(shí)用/有用/有幫助/有益處。3.Iwillbemorethanhappytoseeyourimprovementsinthisregard.看到你在這一方面取得進(jìn)步我會非常高興。(北京卷改編)你的英國朋友Jim所在的學(xué)校要組織學(xué)生來中國旅行，有兩條線路可以選擇：“長江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim來信希望你能給些建議。請你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.你建議的線路；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim，Yours，LiHua【美文在線】Dear__Jim，I’mhappytoreceiveyourletterandknowyou’recomingtoChina.OfthetwotripstotheYangtzeRiverandMountTai,botharehighlyrecommended.Personally,IpreferthetouralongtheYangtze,thelongestriverandoneofthemotherriversofChinesecivilization.YoucanlearnalotaboutthehistoryofChinaandChinesepeople.Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing,withmanywell－knownsightseeingspots.That’swhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzewillbeabetterchoice.Hopeyou’llhaveagoodtimeinChina.Yours，Li__Hua(2022·昆明高三模擬)假如你是李華，你的筆友Tom正在學(xué)漢語，發(fā)來郵件詢問如何提高漢語水平，請你根據(jù)提示，用英語給Tom回復(fù)。內(nèi)容包括：1.關(guān)注語音、語調(diào)(四個聲調(diào))；2.背誦經(jīng)典；3.寫日記；4.其他。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：語調(diào)intonation聲調(diào)tone經(jīng)典作品classicDearTom，Yours，LiHua【參考范文】Dear__Tom，I’mwritingtoofferyousomeadviceonhowtolearnChinesewell.Tobeginwith,youshouldpayattentiontoyourpronunciationandintonation.TherearefourtonesintheChineseintonation.SoyoushouldpracticespeakingChinesefrequently.What’smore,you’dbetterreadandrecitesomeChineseclassics,whichhelpyoulearnmoreaboutgreatthoughtsandtraditionalChineseculture.Besides,keepingadiarycanbeagoodwaytoexpressyourself.Moreimportantly,remembertoseekmoreopportunitiestochatwithChinesenativespeakers.Ihopemyadvicecanbebeneficial.Yours，Li__Hua?申請信申請信有很多種，比如求職申請、加入某組織或活動的申請、報考申請、留學(xué)申請等。寫申請信的目的在于讓對方了解自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、能力、成就、愿望等，所以個人情況的介紹應(yīng)該是申請信的核心內(nèi)容。DearSir/Madam，I’m________________(簡單的自我介紹).Havinglearnedfrom________________(信息來源)thatyouneed________________(具體職位),I’mwritingtoapplyforit.IthinkIamquitequalifiedforthepositionyouadvertised(說明自己勝任這個職位).Foronething,I________________(陳述本人優(yōu)勢一).Foranotherthing,I________________(陳述本人優(yōu)勢二).What’smore,I________________(補(bǔ)充另一條個人優(yōu)勢).Ifmyapplicationcouldbetakenintoconsideration,Iwouldbemostgrateful________________(期待得到回復(fù)).Pleasecontactmeat________________(你的聯(lián)系方式).Yourssincerely，________(落款)【篇首句】點(diǎn)明寫信目的1.Ihavelearnedfromyouradvertisementthatyourcompanyneedsasecretary.從廣告中得知，你們公司需要招聘一名秘書。2.I’mwritingtoapplyforthepart－timeguideyouadvertised.我寫信申請你們招聘廣告中兼職導(dǎo)游一職。3.Youradvertisedpositionofatourguideinterestsme.我對你們招聘廣告中的導(dǎo)游一職很感興趣。4.Learningfromtheadvertisementthatyouarelookingforatutor,Iamwritingtoapplyforthepost.從招聘廣告獲悉，你們正在招聘一名家庭教師，我寫信應(yīng)聘此職?！酒芯洹勘磉_(dá)個人優(yōu)勢1.Ifeelquite/ratherqualifiedforthepositionyouadvertised.我感到自己有資格申請你們在廣告中所招聘的職位。2.IthinkI’mtherightpersonforthejobyouadvertised.我認(rèn)為我是你們招聘職位的最佳人選。3.Asanoutgoinggirl,Igetalongwellwithmyclassmates.作為一名外向的女孩，我和同學(xué)們相處得很好。4.Inthefirstplace,Ihavestrongwrittenandspokencommunicationskills.首先，我有很強(qiáng)的書面和口頭交流技能。5.What’smore,Iamwellacquaintedwiththewesternculture.而且，我非常熟悉西方文化。6.Lastbutnottheleast,Ihaveagoodpersonality,andIamindependentinlife.最后但也很重要的一點(diǎn)是，我有很好的性格，并且在生活中很獨(dú)立?！酒簿洹勘磉_(dá)希望1.ThanksforconsideringmyapplicationandIamlookingforwardtoyourreply.感謝您考慮我的申請，并期待著您的回復(fù)。2.Ifmyapplicationcouldbetakenintoconsideration,Iwouldbemostgrateful.如果我的申請得到考慮，我將不勝感激。3.Iwouldappreciateitifmyjobapplicationistakenintoaccount.如能考慮我的求職申請我將不勝感激。(2019·全國卷Ⅰ)假定你是李華，暑期在倫敦學(xué)習(xí)，得知當(dāng)?shù)孛佬g(shù)館要舉辦中國畫展覽。請寫一封信申請做志愿者，內(nèi)容包括：1.寫信目的；2.個人優(yōu)勢；3.能做的事情。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)束語已為你寫好。DearSir/Madam，Yours，LiHua【美文在線】Dear__Sir/Madam，MynameisLiHua.I’maChinesestudenttakingasummercourseinLondonnow.I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerfortheChinesePaintingExhibitionwhichwillbeheldinyourartgallery.HavinglearnedChinesepaintingsincechildhood,IthinkIamqualifiedforthisjob.Besides,IamfluentinbothChineseandEnglish,whichisbeneficialtointroducingChinesepaintings.IfIamluckyenoughtobechosenasavolunteer,IcanshowvisitorsaroundthegalleryandgetthemtoknowmoreaboutChinesepainting.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldoffermetheopportunity.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，Li__Hua(2022·阜陽高三模擬)假如你是李華，你校英語戲劇社正在招募新成員，請根據(jù)以下提示，給負(fù)責(zé)人Mr.Smith寫一封電子郵件，申請加入。內(nèi)容包括：1.申請理由；2.個人優(yōu)勢；3.表達(dá)愿望。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearMr.Smith，Yours，LiHua【參考范文】Dear__Mr.Smith，I’mwritingtoapplytobeamemberofourschoolEnglishdramasociety.IhaveconfidencethatIamasuitablecandidateforthesociety.Tobeginwith,Iamenthusiasticaboutdramas,especiallyaboutEnglishdramasandstartedplayinginjuniorhighschool.Inaddition,Ihavetakenpartinseveraldramaplaysandperformedwell.Lastbutnotleast,I’mfluentinEnglishandwonthefirstplaceintheEnglishspeechcontestheldinourcitylastyear.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldreplytomeatyourearliestconvenience.Yours，Li__Hua?道歉信道歉信通常是在因自己的過失或疏忽給別人帶來了麻煩或損失并發(fā)覺的情況下，為了向?qū)Ψ奖硎厩敢舛鴮懙男偶?。Dear________________(要道歉的對象)，Iamsorrytotellyouthat___________________________________________(表達(dá)自己不能實(shí)現(xiàn)先前的愿望或約定).NowIamwritingyouthisletterofapologytoshowmydeepregret(表達(dá)歉意).Thereasonformydelay/absencewasthat________________(闡述自己當(dāng)時的處境和情況).Ihadnowayoutbecause________________(繼續(xù)闡述原因).Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldallowmeto____________________(提出補(bǔ)救措施).Ifso,Ipromise________________(做出承諾).Onceagain,I’msorryforanyinconveniencecaused(再次表達(dá)歉意).Yourssincerely，________(落款)【篇首句】開門見山，表示歉意1.Iamwritingthislettertoapologizetoyoufornotbeingabletogoshoppingwithyou.我寫這封信是因不能和你一起去購物向你道歉。2.Iwouldliketoexpressmydeepestapology/regretformyfailingincomingtoyourbirthdayparty.因?yàn)闆]能來參加你的生日聚會，我向你表達(dá)最真誠的歉意/悔意。3.IregrettoinformyouthatIcannot/amunabletogotothelibrarywithyou.我遺憾地告知你我不能和你一起去圖書館了。【篇中句】說明原因1.IamindeedverysorryforwhatIsaid/did,butpleasebelieveIhadnointentiontohurtyourfeelings.對于我說的話/做的事，我確實(shí)感到很抱歉。但請相信，我并非故意要傷害你的感情。2.ThereasonwhyIcan’tkeepmywordisthatmyfamilyaregoingtotheairporttoseemyuncleoff.我不能信守諾言的原因是我的家人要去機(jī)場為我叔叔送行。3.ItisbecauseIhadtoattendaveryimportantmeetingthatIcouldn’tattendyourbirthdayparty.是因?yàn)槲业脜⒓右粋€非常重要的會議，所以我不能參加你的生日聚會?！酒?/p>