國際音標(biāo)20XX國際音標(biāo)（InternationalPhoneticAlphabet，簡稱IPA）是學(xué)習(xí)英語發(fā)音的基礎(chǔ)工具，掌握音標(biāo)能讓你精準(zhǔn)發(fā)音、高效記單詞。這份指南將系統(tǒng)講解48個(gè)國際音標(biāo)的發(fā)音方法，搭配大量練習(xí)幫你扎實(shí)掌握。一、國際音標(biāo)的重要性精準(zhǔn)發(fā)音：擺脫“中式英語”發(fā)音誤區(qū)，說出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語高效記詞：通過發(fā)音規(guī)則記憶單詞，比死記硬背更持久提升聽力：聽懂不同發(fā)音人的講話，區(qū)分易混淆單詞（如ship/sheep）自信表達(dá)：發(fā)音標(biāo)準(zhǔn)能增強(qiáng)開口說英語的信心二、元音（Vowels）——?dú)饬鞑皇茏璧K的音單元音（Monophthongs）前元音（FrontVowels）音標(biāo)口型描述例詞練習(xí)句子[i?]舌尖抵下齒，舌前部抬高，口型扁小，嘴角后拉see/si?/看見Sheseesagreentree./?i?si?z?ɡri?ntri?/[?]舌前部稍抬，口型比[i?]大，短促有力sit/s?t/坐Isitonabigchair./a?s?t?n?b?ɡt?e?/[e]舌前部抬高，口型半開，嘴角略扁bed/bed/床Theredbedissoft./e?redbed?zs?ft/[?]舌前部壓低，口型張大，舌尖抵下齒cat/k?t/貓Ablackcatcatchesarat./?bl?kk?tk?t??z?r?t/中元音（CentralVowels）音標(biāo)口型描述例詞練習(xí)句子[??]舌中部抬高，雙唇自然張開，發(fā)音稍長bird/b??d/鳥Thebirdsingsinthetree./e?b??ds??z?ne?tri?/[?]舌中部略抬，口型放松，發(fā)音短促（弱讀）about/??ba?t/關(guān)于Tellmeaboutyourday./telmi???ba?tj??de?/后元音（BackVowels）音標(biāo)口型描述例詞練習(xí)句子[ɑ?]舌后部壓低，口型張大，舌尖離開下齒car/kɑ?/汽車Mycarisparkedfar./ma?kɑ??zpɑ?ktfɑ?/[?]舌后部稍抬，口型圓小，短促有力dog/d?ɡ/狗Thebigdogrunsfast./e?b?ɡd?ɡr?nzfɑ?st/[??]舌后部抬高，口型圓而大，發(fā)音稍長horse/h??s/馬Awhitehorserunsslowly./?wa?th??sr?nz?sl??li/[u?]舌后部抬高，口型收?qǐng)A最小，發(fā)音長而清晰moon/mu?n/月亮Themoonisbrighttonight./e?mu?n?zbra?tt??na?t/[?]舌后部稍抬，口型比[u?]大，短促book/b?k/書Ireadagoodbook./a?ri?d?ɡ?db?k/雙元音（Diphthongs）——由兩個(gè)元音組成的滑動(dòng)音音標(biāo)口型描述例詞練習(xí)句子[e?]從[e]滑向[?]，口型從半開到合day/de?/白天Todayisasunnyday./t??de??z??s?nide?/[a?]從[a]滑向[?]，口型從大到小sky/ska?/天空Theskyisblueandhigh./e?ska??zblu??ndha?/[??]從[?]滑向[?]，口型從圓到扁boy/b??/男孩Thelittleboyplayswithtoys./e??l?tlb??ple?zw?et??z/[??]從[?]滑向[?]，口型自然到圓home/h??m/家Igohomealone./a?ɡ??h??m??l??n/[a?]從[a]滑向[?]，口型從大到圓out/a?t/外面Let'sgoouttoplay./letsɡ??a?tt?ple?/[??]從[?]滑向[?]，口型扁到自然ear/??/耳朵Myearhearsclear./ma???h??zkl??/[e?]從[e]滑向[?]，口型半開到自然air/e?/空氣Freshairisgoodforhealth./fre?e??zɡ?df??helθ/[??]從[?]滑向[?]，口型圓到自然tour/t??/旅行Wetakeatouraround./wi?te?k?t????ra?nd/三、輔音（Consonants）——?dú)饬魇茏璧K的音爆破音（Plosives）音標(biāo)清/濁發(fā)音方法例詞對(duì)比練習(xí)[p]清雙唇緊閉后突然送氣pen/pen/鋼筆[p]pen鋼筆vs[b]ben本[b]濁雙唇緊閉后送氣，聲帶振動(dòng)bag/b?ɡ/書包[t]清舌尖抵上齒齦后送氣tea/ti?/茶[t]tea茶vs[d]deer鹿[d]濁舌尖抵上齒齦后送氣，聲帶振動(dòng)dog/d?ɡ/狗[k]清舌后部抵軟腭后送氣cat/k?t/貓[k]cat貓vs[ɡ]gate門[ɡ]濁舌后部抵軟腭后送氣，聲帶振動(dòng)girl/ɡ??l/女孩摩擦音（Fricatives）音標(biāo)清/濁發(fā)音方法例詞對(duì)比練習(xí)[f]清上齒輕觸下唇，送氣摩擦fish/f??/魚[f]fish魚vs[v]van貨車[v]濁上齒輕觸下唇，送氣摩擦，聲帶振動(dòng)vest/vest/背心[s]清舌尖靠近上齒齦，送氣摩擦sun/s?n/太陽[s]sun太陽vs[z]zoo動(dòng)物園[z]濁舌尖靠近上齒齦，送氣摩擦，聲帶振動(dòng)zip/z?p/拉鏈[?]清舌前部抬向硬腭，送氣摩擦shop/??p/商店[?]shop商店vs[?]pleasure愉快[?]濁舌前部抬向硬腭，送氣摩擦，聲帶振動(dòng)measure/?me??/測量[θ]清舌尖輕觸上齒背，送氣摩擦think/θ??k/思考[θ]think思考vs[e]this這個(gè)[e]濁舌尖輕觸上齒背，送氣摩擦，聲帶振動(dòng)that/e?t/那個(gè)[h]清氣流從喉嚨送出，聲帶不振動(dòng)hat/h?t/帽子破擦音（Affricates）音標(biāo)清/濁發(fā)音方法例詞[t?]清先爆破后摩擦，類似“吃”chair/t?e?/椅子[d?]濁先爆破后摩擦，聲帶振動(dòng)，類似“知”juice/d?u?s/果汁[tr]清舌尖抵上齒齦，送氣后卷舌train/tre?n/火車[dr]濁舌尖抵上齒齦，送氣卷舌，聲帶振動(dòng)dress/dres/連衣裙鼻音（Nasals）——濁輔音音標(biāo)發(fā)音方法例詞[m]雙唇緊閉，氣流從鼻腔送出map/m?p/地圖[n]舌尖抵上齒齦，氣流從鼻腔送出nose/n??z/鼻子[?]舌后部抵軟腭，氣流從鼻腔送出sing/s??/唱歌舌側(cè)音和半元音（Lateral&Semi-vowels）音標(biāo)類型發(fā)音方法例詞[l]舌側(cè)音舌尖抵上齒齦，氣流從舌兩側(cè)送出love/l?v/愛[r]卷舌音舌尖抬起靠近硬腭，氣流振動(dòng)送出red/red/紅色[j]半元音舌前部抬高，口型扁小，類似“耶”yes/jes/是的[w]半元音雙唇收?qǐng)A后滑開，類似“我”water/?w??t?/水sit/s?t/seat/si?t/bed/bed/bad/b?d/ship/??p/sheep/?i?p/讀一讀清輔音單詞濁輔音單詞對(duì)比朗讀pet/pet/bet/bet/體會(huì)/p/與/b/的區(qū)別ten/ten/den/den/體會(huì)/t/與/d/的區(qū)別coat/k??t/goat/ɡ??t/體會(huì)/k/與/ɡ/的區(qū)別[θ]：think/θ??k/、

three/θri?/、

thank/θ??k/[e]：this/e?s/、

that/e?t/、

these/ei?z/sing/s??/（鼻子振動(dòng)）vssin/s?n/（舌尖振動(dòng)）ring/r??/（鼻子振動(dòng)）vswin/w?n/（舌尖振動(dòng)）聽句子選擇正確單詞：She(sits/seats)onthechair./?i?(s?ts/si?ts)?ne?t?e?/This(bed/bad)isverysoft./e?s(bed/b?d)?z?veris?ft/The(ship/sheep)sailsonthesea./e?(??p/?i?p)se?lz?ne?si?/聽句子填寫正確單詞，重點(diǎn)區(qū)分元音差異：The(team/trim)wonthegame./e?(ti?m/tr?m)w?ne?ɡe?m/Sheboughta(pear/pair)ofnewshoes./?i?b??t?(pe?/pe?)?vnju??u?z/He(feeds/fits)thedogeverymorning./hi?(fi?dz/f?ts)e?d?ɡ?evri?m??n??/聽句子聽寫單詞，重點(diǎn)區(qū)分前元音差異：Thelittlegirl(feels/fills