山西2025自考[海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)]英語（二）易錯題專練一、選擇題（每題2分，共20題）1.Thestudyofmarineecosystemsisprimarilyconcernedwith______.A)oceanographyB)marinebiologyC)maritimelawD)coastalengineering2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamajorthreattocoralreefsintheYellowSea?A)OverfishingB)PollutionfromshipwrecksC)GlobalwarmingD)Sustainableaquaculture3.Inmarinegeology,theterm"trench"refersto______.A)ashallowseaareaB)adeep-seavalleyC)acoastallagoonD)asubmergedriverdelta4.TheBohaiSea,amarginalseaofChina,isknownforits______.A)extensivedeep-seatrenchesB)richfisheryresourcesC)lackoftidalcurrentsD)highsalinitylevels5.Whichscientificinstrumentiscommonlyusedtomeasureoceanictemperatureprofiles?A)ThermocoupleB)SonarC)CurrentmeterD)Hypodrometer6.The"RedTides"phenomenonintheEastChinaSeaismainlycausedby______.A)oilspillsB)nutrientpollutionC)seismicactivityD)freshwaterinflow7.Marineprotectedareas(MPAs)inChinaareestablishedto______.A)promotecommercialfishingB)protectendangeredmarinespeciesC)facilitateshipnavigationD)increaseoffshoredrilling8.Theprocessbywhichdissolvedsaltsareremovedfromseawateriscalled______.A)desalinationB)eutrophicationC)stratificationD)upwelling9.The"ChinaDeep"intheSouthChinaSeareachesamaximumdepthofabout______.A)4,000metersB)6,000metersC)8,000metersD)10,000meters10.WhichofthefollowingisakeyfactorintheformationofseaiceintheArctic?A)HighsolarradiationB)WarmoceancurrentsC)LowairtemperatureD)Strongwaveaction二、填空題（每題1分，共10題）1.Thestudyofoceancurrentsisamajorfieldwithin______.2.The______isamajorfishinggroundintheYellowSea.3.The______isthedeepestpartoftheworld'soceans.4.Marinepollutioncanseverelyimpactthe______ofmarineorganisms.5.The______isamarginalseaborderingChina.6.The______isanaturalprocessthatremovessaltfromseawater.7.TheBohaiSeahasarelatively______salinitycomparedtootherseas.8.The______isakeyindicatorofmarineecosystemhealth.9.The______isamajorthreattocoralreefsintheSouthChinaSea.10.The______isatechniqueusedtomaptheoceanfloor.三、判斷題（每題1分，共10題）1.TheSouthChinaSeaisamarginalseaofChina.(√/×)2.Upwellingbringsnutrient-richwatertotheoceansurface.(√/×)3.TheBohaiSeaisknownforitshightidalrange.(√/×)4.Marineprotectedareas(MPAs)areeffectiveinconservingbiodiversity.(√/×)5.Thedeepestpartoftheworld'soceansistheMarianaTrench.(√/×)6.Seaiceformationisinfluencedbyhighsolarradiation.(√/×)7.Desalinationisaprocessthatincreasesthesalinityofseawater.(√/×)8.TheYellowSeaisasemi-enclosedseawithlimitedwaterexchange.(√/×)9.CoralreefsintheEastChinaSeaarehighlyresilienttopollution.(√/×)10.TheChinaDeepislocatedintheYellowSea.(√/×)四、簡答題（每題5分，共5題）1.BrieflyexplainthesignificanceoftheBohaiSeainChina'smarineeconomy.2.DescribethemajorthreatstocoralreefsintheSouthChinaSea.3.Whatistheroleofmarineprotectedareas(MPAs)inconservingmarinebiodiversity?4.Explainhowupwellingaffectsmarineecosystems.5.Discusstheimportanceofoceanictemperatureprofilesinmarineresearch.五、翻譯題（每題10分，共2題）1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:"Marineecosystemsarehighlysensitivetochangesinoceanicconditions,suchastemperatureandsalinity.Thesechangescandisruptthebalanceofmarinelife,leadingtodeclinesinfishpopulationsandthedegradationofcoralreefs.Therefore,monitoringandprotectingmarineenvironmentsiscrucialforsustainableoceanmanagement."2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish:"TheBohaiSea,thoughsmallinsize,playsavitalroleinChina'smaritimeactivities.Itisamajorfishinggroundandservesasahubforshippingandtrade.However,theseafacessignificantenvironmentalchallenges,includingpollutionfromindustrialdischargeandoverfishing.Effectivemeasuresmustbetakentomitigatetheseissuesandensurethelong-termhealthoftheBohaiecosystem."答案與解析一、選擇題答案與解析1.B.Marinebiologyfocusesonthestudyofmarineecosystems,organisms,andtheirinteractions.2.D.Sustainableaquacultureisnotathreat;rather,itcanhelpreducepressureonwildfisheries.3.B.Atrenchisadeep-seavalley,suchastheMarianaTrench.4.B.TheBohaiSeaisrichinfisheryresourcesduetoitsshallowdepthandnutrient-richwaters.5.A.Thermocouplesareusedtomeasureoceanictemperatureprofiles.6.B.Nutrientpollutionfromagriculturalrunoffcausesalgalblooms,leadingtoRedTides.7.B.MPAsaimtoprotectmarinebiodiversityandecosystems.8.A.Desalinationremovessaltsfromseawatertoproducefreshwater.9.C.TheChinaDeepintheSouthChinaSeareachesabout8,000meters.10.C.LowairtemperatureisessentialforseaiceformationintheArctic.二、填空題答案與解析1.Oceanography2.YellowSea3.MarianaTrench4.Survival5.BohaiSea6.Desalination7.Low8.Waterquality9.Pollution10.Sonar三、判斷題答案與解析1.√.TheSouthChinaSeaisamarginalseaofChina.2.√.Upwellingbringsnutrient-richwatertothesurface,supportingmarinelife.3.×.TheBohaiSeahasasmalltidalrangeduetoitsshallowdepth.4.√.MPAshelpconservebiodiversitybyrestrictingharmfulactivities.5.√.TheMarianaTrenchisthedeepestpartoftheworld'soceans.6.×.Seaiceformationrequireslowtemperatures,nothighsolarradiation.7.×.Desalinationreducessalinity,notincreasesit.8.√.TheYellowSeaissemi-enclosedwithlimitedwaterexchange.9.×.CoralreefsintheEastChinaSeaarevulnerabletopollution.10.×.TheChinaDeepisintheSouthChinaSea,nottheYellowSea.四、簡答題答案與解析1.TheBohaiSeaissignificantinChina'smarineeconomyasitisamajorfishingground,supportingindustrieslikeaquacultureandcommercialfishing.Italsoservesasahubforshippingandtrade,connectingChinatootherregionsviatheBohaiStrait.Additionally,thesea'sshallowdepthmakesitidealforoffshoreenergyexploration.2.MajorthreatstocoralreefsintheSouthChinaSeaincludepollutionfromindustrialdischarge,overfishing,andclimatechange-inducedwarming,whichleadstocoralbleaching.Physicaldamagefromshippingandtourismalsocontributestotheirdegradation.3.Marineprotectedareas(MPAs)playacrucialroleinconservingmarinebiodiversitybyrestrictingactivitieslikefishing,mining,andpollution.Theyprovidesafehabitatsforendangeredspecies,allowecosystemstorecover,andserveasresearchsitestomonitormarinehealth.4.Upwellingaffectsmarineecosystemsbybringingnutrient-richwatertothesurface,whichsupportsthegrowthofphytoplankton.This,inturn,providesfoodforzooplankton,fish,andothermarineorganisms,enhancingbiodiversityintheaffectedareas.5.Oceanictemperatureprofilesareimpor