西藏2025自考[護(hù)理學(xué)]英語（二）簡答題專練題型一：護(hù)理英語專業(yè)術(shù)語解釋（每題5分，共3題）1.Explaintheterm"geriatricnursing"anditssignificanceinthecontextofhealthcareinTibet.（解釋“老年護(hù)理”術(shù)語及其在西藏醫(yī)療背景下的重要性。）2.Define"holisticnursing"anddescribehowitcanbeappliedinthenursingpracticeofTibetanhospitals.（定義“整體護(hù)理”，并描述其如何在西藏醫(yī)院護(hù)理實(shí)踐中應(yīng)用。）3.Whatdoes"transculturalnursing"mean?DiscussitsrelevancefornursesworkingwithdiverseethnicgroupsinTibet.（“跨文化護(hù)理”是什么意思？討論其在西藏不同民族群體護(hù)理中的相關(guān)性。）題型二：護(hù)理工作場景英語應(yīng)用（每題10分，共2題）1.YouareanurseinaruralclinicinTibet.Apatientwith高原反應(yīng)(high-altitudesickness)isexperiencingsevereheadachesandshortnessofbreath.WriteashortdialogueinEnglishtoexplaintheconditiontothepatientandprovideinitialcareinstructions.（你是一名在西藏鄉(xiāng)村診所工作的護(hù)士。一名患有高原反應(yīng)的患者出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重頭痛和呼吸困難。用英語寫一段對話，向患者解釋病情并提供初步護(hù)理指導(dǎo)。）2.ImagineyouareintroducinganewhealtheducationprogramforTibetanelderlypatientsinahospital.WriteabriefspeechinEnglishoutliningthekeyobjectivesandbenefitsoftheprogram.（假設(shè)你在醫(yī)院為藏族老年人患者推出一項(xiàng)新的健康教育活動(dòng)。用英語寫一篇簡短演講，概述該項(xiàng)目的核心目標(biāo)和益處。）題型三：護(hù)理倫理與法律問題分析（每題15分，共2題）1.A藏族患者因宗教信仰拒絕輸血治療。作為護(hù)士，你應(yīng)如何處理這一倫理困境？請用英語說明你的溝通策略和護(hù)理決策依據(jù)。（一名藏族患者因宗教信仰拒絕輸血治療。作為護(hù)士，你應(yīng)如何處理這一倫理困境？用英語說明你的溝通策略和護(hù)理決策依據(jù)。）2.InTibet,thereisaculturalbeliefthatcertaindiseasesarecausedbywitchcraft.Howcannursesbalancerespectforculturaltraditionswiththeneedtopromoteevidence-basedcare?DiscussinEnglish.（在西藏，存在一種文化信仰，認(rèn)為某些疾病是由巫術(shù)引起的。護(hù)士如何平衡尊重文化傳統(tǒng)與推廣循證護(hù)理的需求？用英語討論。）題型四：護(hù)理英語寫作應(yīng)用（每題20分，共1題）1.WriteaformalletterinEnglishtotheheadnurseofahospitalinLhasa,recommendingimprovementstotheEnglishlanguagetrainingprogramfornursingstaff.IncludesuggestionsforenhancingcommunicationskillswithinternationalmedicaltouristsvisitingTibet.（用英語給拉薩一家醫(yī)院的護(hù)士長寫一封正式信函，建議改進(jìn)護(hù)理人員的英語培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目。包括提升與國際醫(yī)療游客溝通技能的建議。）答案與解析題型一：護(hù)理英語專業(yè)術(shù)語解釋1.答案Geriatricnursingreferstothespecializedcareofolderadults,focusingontheirphysical,psychological,andsocialneeds.InTibet,wheretheelderlypopulationisgrowingduetoimprovedhealthcare,geriatricnursingplaysacrucialroleinmanagingchronicconditionslike高血壓(hypertension)and心臟病(cardiovasculardiseases),whichareprevalentathighaltitudes.Nursesmustalsoaddressculturalfactors,suchasfamily-centriccare,toensureholisticwell-being.解析西藏老齡化趨勢加劇，老年護(hù)理需結(jié)合高原生理特點(diǎn)（如高血壓、心臟病高發(fā)）和文化習(xí)俗（如家庭護(hù)理觀念）。2.答案Holisticnursingemphasizestreatingthepatientasawhole—mind,body,andspirit—ratherthanjustsymptoms.InTibet,nursescanapplythisbyintegratingtraditionalTibetanmedicinepracticeswithmoderncare(e.g.,usingherbalremediesalongsideWesterntreatments)andrespectingspiritualritualsthataidhealing.解析西藏護(hù)理需融合藏醫(yī)文化（如草藥、宗教儀式），體現(xiàn)整體護(hù)理理念。3.答案Transculturalnursinginvolvesunderstandingandadaptingtodiverseculturalbeliefsandpracticesinhealthcare.FornursesinTibet,thismeanslearninglocaldialects,dietarypreferences(e.g.,avoidingspicyfoodsforsomeethnicgroups),andcommunicationstylestobuildtrustandimprovepatientoutcomes.解析西藏多民族聚居，跨文化護(hù)理需掌握語言、飲食、溝通差異。題型二：護(hù)理工作場景英語應(yīng)用1.答案Dialogue:Nurse:"Goodmorning.I'msorrytohearyou'refeelingunwell.Doyouhaveahistoryofhigh-altitudesickness?"Patient:"Yes,Itraveledfromlowerareasyesterday."Nurse:"It'simportanttorestandstayhydrated.Avoidstrenuousactivity.Ifyourbreathingworsensoryoudevelopconfusion,seekimmediatemedicalhelp.Wecanalsogiveyouoxygenifneeded."Patient:"Thankyou."解析對話需簡潔明了，結(jié)合高原病急救原則（休息、補(bǔ)水、低強(qiáng)度活動(dòng)、吸氧）。2.答案Speech:"Ladiesandgentlemen,todayIintroduceournewhealtheducationprogram,designedtoimprovethewell-beingofelderlyTibetanpatients.Wewillcovertopicslike高原病預(yù)防(high-altitudesicknessprevention)andbalanceddiets.Ourgoalistoempoweryouwithknowledgetomanagehealthindependently.Pleasejoinus—yourparticipationiskeytoahealthierlife!"解析演講需突出項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)（高原病、飲食），用簡潔英語適應(yīng)老年人理解能力。題型三：護(hù)理倫理與法律問題分析1.答案CommunicationStrategy:-Respectfullyexplainmedicalriskswithoutjudgment.-Involvefamilymemberstomediate.-Offeralternatives(e.g.,bloodsubstitutesifavailable).DecisionBasis:Autonomy(patient’srighttorefuse)+beneficence(minimizingharm).Legalconsultationwithhospitalethicsboardisrecommended.解析平衡自主權(quán)與不傷害原則，需結(jié)合西藏宗教習(xí)俗。2.答案BalancingTraditionandEvidence-BasedCare:-Educatepatientsthroughculturalleaders.-Useinterpreterstobridgelanguagegaps.-Combinefolkremedieswithmoderntreatments(e.g.,herbalsupplementsalongsideantibiotics).Relevance:Respectfosterstrust,improvingadherencetocareplans.解析西藏文化敏感性護(hù)理需折中傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代，以提升依從性。題型四：護(hù)理英語寫作應(yīng)用1.答案FormalLetter:"DearHeadNurse,IrecommendexpandingourEnglishtrainingtoinclude高原病急救(high-altitudeemergencycare)scenarios.Medicaltouristsoftenfacealtitude-relatedissues;trainedstaffcan