2025年高二年級(jí)上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)第一次月考試卷本試卷緊扣新人教版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修一第一、二單元內(nèi)容，題型與難度完全參照高考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）（略）（聽力部分根據(jù)實(shí)際教學(xué)情況，由學(xué)校自行組織，內(nèi)容圍繞選擇性必修一第一、二單元主題：人與自然、科學(xué)探索等。）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheHiddenWorldofSoilBeneathourfeetliesauniverseteemingwithlife,morediversethananyrainforest.Thisistheworldofsoil,acomplexecosystemthatisfundamentaltoallterrestriallife.Asinglehandfulofhealthysoilcancontainbillionsofmicroorganisms,includingbacteria,fungi,andtinyinvertebrates.Theseorganismsarenotjustpassiveinhabitants;theyaretheplanet'sultimaterecyclers.Theydecomposedeadplantsandanimals,transformingorganicmatterintorichhumus,whichnourishesnewlife.Thehealthofoursoildirectlyimpactsthehealthofourplanet.Degradedsoil,oftencausedbyintensivefarminganddeforestation,leadstoreducedcropyields,increasedflooding,andthereleaseofstoredcarbon,acceleratingclimatechange.Conversely,healthysoilactsasamassivecarbonsink,helpingtomitigateglobalwarming.Protectingandrestoringoursoilisnotjustanagriculturalissue;it'sacriticalcomponentofenvironmentalsustainabilityandfoodsecurityforagrowingglobalpopulation.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Soilisasimpleandunimportantpartoftheenvironment.B.SoilisadiverseandvitalecosystemthatsupportslifeonEarth.C.Intensivefarmingisthebestwaytomaintainsoilhealth.D.Theorganismsinsoilareharmfultotheenvironment.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatroledosoilorganismsplay?A.Theystorecarbonandpreventdecomposition.B.Theyaretheprimarycauseofclimatechange.C.Theydecomposeorganicmatterandcreatenutrient-richsoil.D.Theyreducetheneedforagriculture.3.Whatistheconsequenceofdegradedsoilmentionedinthepassage?A.Itincreasesbiodiversity.B.Ithelpsmitigateglobalwarming.C.Itleadstoreducedcropyieldsandincreasedflooding.D.Itimprovesfoodsecurity.4.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'sattitudetowardssoilconservation?A.Theauthorisindifferenttotheissue.B.Theauthorbelievesitisacriticalandurgentmatter.C.Theauthorthinksitisonlyrelevanttofarmers.D.Theauthorbelievestechnologycansolveallsoilproblems.BTheRiseofVerticalFarmingAstheglobalpopulationgrowsandarablelandbecomesscarce,anewformofagricultureisreachingforthesky:verticalfarming.Thisinnovativemethodinvolvesgrowingcropsinstackedlayers,oftenincontrolledindoorenvironmentslikeskyscrapersorrepurposedwarehouses.Usingtechnologieslikehydroponics(growinginnutrient-richwater)andLEDlighting,verticalfarmscanproducefoodyear-round,independentofweatherandseasons.Proponentsarguethatverticalfarmingoffersasustainablesolutiontofoodsecurity.Itusesupto95%lesswaterthantraditionalfarmingandeliminatestheneedforpesticides.Bylocatingfarmsinornearcities,itdrasticallyreducesthe"foodmiles"associatedwithtransportation,cuttingdownoncarbonemissions.Whilecurrentlymoreexpensive,advocatesbelievethatastechnologyadvances,costswilldecrease,makingitaviablemainstreamoptionforfeedingurbanpopulations.5.Whatisverticalfarming?A.Atraditionalfarmingmethodonflatland.B.Amethodofgrowingcropsinstackedlayersindoors.C.Atypeoffarmingthatreliessolelyonrainwater.D.Afarmingpracticethatuseslargeamountsofpesticides.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanadvantageofverticalfarming?A.Itrequiresmorewaterthantraditionalfarming.B.Itiscompletelyindependentofweatherconditions.C.Itincreasesfoodtransportationdistances.D.Itisalreadycheaperthanallotherfarmingmethods.7.Howdoesverticalfarmingcontributetoenvironmentalprotection?A.Byincreasingtheuseofpesticides.B.Bysignificantlyreducingwaterusageandtransportationemissions.C.Byexpandingtheuseofarableland.D.Byrelyingonnaturalsunlightalone.8.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthelastsentence?A.Toexpressdoubtthatverticalfarmingwilleverbeaffordable.B.Tosuggestthatverticalfarmingisalreadythedominantformofagriculture.C.Toindicateoptimismthatverticalfarmingcouldbecomemoreaccessibleinthefuture.D.Towarnthattechnologywillmakeverticalfarmingobsolete.CThePsychologyof"Awe"Haveyoueverstoodattheedgeofavastcanyon,gazedatastar-filledsky,orwitnessedthepowerofathunderstorm?Theseexperiencesoftenevokeapowerfulemotionknownas"awe."Scientistsdefineaweasthefeelingofbeinginthepresenceofsomethingvastandgreaterthantheself,whichchallengesourexistingmentalframeworks.Researchshowsthatexperiencingawehasprofoundbenefitsforourwell-being.Itcanmakeusfeelmoreconnectedtoothersandtotheworldaroundus,fosteringasenseofhumilityandreducingfeelingsofentitlement.Inonestudy,participantswhostoodamongtoweringtreesreportedfeelinglesspreoccupiedwiththeirownconcernsandmorewillingtohelpothers.Awecanalsoenhanceoursenseoftime,makingusfeellikewehavemoreofit,andboostouroveralllifesatisfaction.Inourfast-paced,self-focusedmodernlives,intentionallyseekingoutawe-inspiringexperiencesmaybeakeytogreaterhappinessandamoremeaningfulexistence.9.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?A.Thephysicalcausesofthunderstormsandstarryskies.B.Thedefinitionandpsychologicalbenefitsoftheemotion"awe".C.Howtobecomeabetterscientistbystudyingnature.D.Thehistoryofhumanfascinationwithnaturalwonders.10.Accordingtothepassage,whatdefinestheemotionof"awe"?A.Afeelingofsuperiorityovernature.B.Afeelingofbeinginthepresenceofsomethingvastandgreaterthanoneself.C.Astateoffearandanxietywhenfacingnaturaldisasters.D.Acommonfeelingexperiencedduringeverydayactivities.11.Whatisonebenefitofexperiencingawementionedinthetext?A.Itmakespeoplemoreself-centered.B.Itincreasesfeelingsofentitlement.C.Itfostersasenseofhumilityandconnectiontoothers.D.Itmakespeoplefeelliketheyhavelesstime.12.Basedonthepassage,whymightseekingawebeimportantinmodernlife?A.Becausemodernlifeisslow-pacedandrelaxed.B.Becausemodernlifeisfast-pacedandself-focused,andawecancounteractthesetendencies.C.Becausetechnologyhaseliminatedtheneedfornaturalexperiences.D.Becauseaweistheonlywaytoachievesuccess.DTheUnexpectedBenefitsofBoredomInourhyper-connectedworld,boredomisoftenseenasanenemytobevanquishedwithaquickscrollthroughourphones.However,psychologistsarediscoveringthatboredommightbeoneofourmostvaluablementalstates.Farfrombeingawasteoftime,boredomcanbeapowerfulcatalystforcreativityandproblem-solving.Whenwearebored,ourmindsarefreedfromexternalstimuliandforcedtolookinward.Thisstateofmind-wanderingiswhenourbrain's"defaultmodenetwork"activates.Thisnetworkisassociatedwithintrospection,memoryconsolidation,andcreativeinsight.Someofhistory'sgreatestideas,fromArchimedes'"Eureka!"momenttotheinventionofthePost-itnote,reportedlycameduringperiodsofboredom.13Weoftenreachforourphonesthemomentwefeelahintofboredom.Butbydoingso,weshort-circuittheveryprocessthatcouldleadtoournextbreakthrough.14Itallowsourthoughtstodrift,makeunexpectedconnections,andgeneratenovelideas.Moreover,embracingboredomcanimproveourfocus.15Bylearningtotoleratetheinitialdiscomfortofboredom,wetrainourbrainstoresisttheconstantpullofdistraction,ultimatelybecomingmoreproductiveandpresent.A.Boredomisthereforenotastatetobeavoided,butaresourcetobecultivated.B.Itiscrucialtoscheduletimeforunstructured,screen-freeactivities.C.Weshouldavoidallformsofentertainmentandrelaxation.D.Thisiswhyschedulingconstantstimulationisbeneficial.E.Ourbrainsneedperiodsoflowstimulationtofunctionoptimally.F.Boredomdirectlycausesmentalhealthproblems.G.Takingshortnapsisthebestwaytocombatboredom.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Theannualsciencefairwasapproaching,andtheschoolwasbuzzingwithexcitement.Emmahadbeenworkingonherprojectforweeks,amodeldemonstratinghowsolarpanelsconvertsunlightintoelectricity.Shewas16aboutherwork,butasthepresentationdayneared,awaveofanxietywashedoverher.Whatifhermodeldidn'twork?Whatifsheforgotherspeech?Onthedayofthefair,thegymnasiumwastransformedintoabustlingexhibitionhall.Studentsproudlydisplayedtheirprojects,rangingfromchemicalexperimentstoroboticinventions.Emmafoundherassignedtableandcarefullysetuphersolarpanelmodel.17,shetookadeepbreathandbegantoexplainherprojecttoagroupofcuriousvisitors.Hervoicewasalittle18atfirst,butasshesawtheinterestintheireyes,herconfidencegrew.Tohersurprise,shewasn'tjust19information;shewashavingrealconversationsaboutrenewableenergy.Sheansweredquestions,20herideas,andevenlearnedafewthingsfromothers.Thefearthathadgrippedherearliermeltedaway,replacedbyasenseofaccomplishmentandjoy.Sherealizedthatthefairwasn'tjustaboutwinningaprize;itwasaboutsharingknowledgeandthethrillofdiscovery.16.A.nervousB.confidentC.disappointedD.bored17.A.HesitatingB.CryingC.SmilingD.Shouting18.A.loudB.clearC.shakyD.deep19.A.receivingB.hidingC.repeatingD.presenting20.A.defendingB.exchangingC.forgettingD.ignoring第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThePowerofCuriosityCuriosityisafundamentalhumantraitthatdriveslearningandinnovation.Itisthe21(drive)forcebehindeverygreatdiscovery,fromtheinventionofthewheeltotheexplorationofspace.Whenwearecurious,ourbrainsbecomehighlyactive,22(seek)outnewinformationandmakingconnectionsbetween23(know)concepts.Inthefieldofscience,curiosityisessential.Scientistsare24(constant)asking"why"and"how"questions.Thisrelentlesspursuitofanswers25(lead)tobreakthroughsthatimproveourlives.Forexample,thecuriosityabouthowdiseasesspreadledtothedevelopmentofvaccines.Curiosityisnotlimitedtoscience;itenricheseveryaspectoflife.Itencouragesustotrynewfoods,learnnewskills,andmeetnewpeople.26(embrace)ourcuriositycanmakelifemoreinterestingandfulfilling.Ithelpsusadapttoachangingworldandfindcreativesolutionstoproblems.However,curiositymustbepairedwithcriticalthinking.27(simple)acceptinginformationbecauseit'sinterestingisnotenough.Wemustlearntoevaluatethe28(true)andreliabilityofwhatwediscover.29(develop)thisbalanceiskeytobecomingawiseandinformedindividual.Inconclusion,nurturingcuriosityisvitalforpersonalgrowthandsocietalprogress.Asthesayinggoes,"Theimportantthingisnottostopquestioning."Keepasking,keepexploring,andkeep30(learn).第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）假定你是李華，你校英語(yǔ)俱樂部將舉辦一場(chǎng)主題為“科技如何改變我們的學(xué)習(xí)方式”的講座。請(qǐng)你寫一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)你校外教Mr.Smith來(lái)?yè)?dān)任主講嘉賓。內(nèi)容包括：1.講座的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2.講座的主題及你的期待。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好。DearMr.Smith,I'mwritingtoinviteyoutobetheguestspeakeratourupcominglecture....Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分20分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。TheLostResearchLiamwasadedicatedhighschoolstudentparticipatinginanationalbiologycompetition.Hismonthsofresearchonarareplantspecieswerefinallycomplete.Hehadspentcountlesshoursintheschoollab,meticulouslyrecordingdatainhisnotebook.Thecompetitiondeadlinewasjusttwodaysaway,andheneededtofinalizehisreport.Heplacedhispreciousnotebookonthelabbenchwhilehewenttothelibrarytoprintthefinalgraphs.Whenhereturned,hisheartstopped.Thenotebookwasgone.Hetorethelabapart,checkedeverydrawer,andevenlookedinthetrash.Nothing.Panicsurgedthroughhim.Allhisdata,hisobservations,hisentireproject—gone.Hefeltlikehehadfailed.Hetrudgedbacktohisclassroom,utterlydefeated.Thenextmorning,ashesatathisdesk,headinhishands,aclassmate,Maya,approachedhim.Shehadseenhimfranticallysearchingthelabandnoticedhisdespair.Shedidn'tknowwhatwaswrong,butshewantedtohelp.Sheaskedifhewasokay.Liam,onthevergeoftears,explainedaboutthelostnotebook.Paragraph1:Mayalistenedintently,herexpressionserious.Then,shehadanidea.Paragraph2:Twodayslater,atthecompetition,Liamstoodbeforethejudges,hisvoicesteadyandconfident.【參考答案】2025年高二年級(jí)上學(xué)期英語(yǔ)第一次月考試卷參考答案第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）1.B（解析：文章第一段就指出土壤是“acomplexecosystemthatisfundamentaltoallterrestriallife”，第二段進(jìn)一步闡述其重要性，因此B項(xiàng)最全面。）2.C（解析：根據(jù)第一段“Theydecomposedeadplantsandanimals,transformingorganicmatterintorichhumus,whichnourishesnewlife.”可知其作用是分解有機(jī)物并創(chuàng)造肥沃的土壤。）3.C（解析：根據(jù)第二段“Degradedsoil...leadstoreducedcropyields,increasedflooding...”可知。）4.B（解析：作者用“notjustanagriculturalissue;it'sacriticalcomponent...”這樣的措辭，表明他認(rèn)為土壤保護(hù)是至關(guān)重要且緊迫的問(wèn)題。）5.B（解析：文章第二段第一句明確指出“growingcropsinstackedlayers,oftenincontrolledindoorenvironments”。）6.B（解析：根據(jù)第二段“canproducefoodyear-round,independentofweatherandseasons”可知。）7.B（解析：根據(jù)第二段“usesupto95%lesswater...drasticallyreducesthe'foodmiles'...cuttingdownoncarbonemissions”可知。）8.C（解析：最后一句“advocatesbelievethatastechnologyadvances,costswilldecrease...”表達(dá)了對(duì)未來(lái)成本降低、普及度提高的樂觀態(tài)度。）9.B（解析：文章第一段定義了“awe”，第二段闡述了其心理益處，因此B項(xiàng)是主旨。）10.B（解析：文章第一段“Scientistsdefineaweasthefeelingofbeinginthepresenceofsomethingvastandgreaterthantheself...”明確定義。）11.C（解析：根據(jù)第二段“fosteringasenseofhumilityandreducingfeelingsofentitlement”和“makeusfeelmoreconnectedtoothers”可知。）12.B（解析：文章最后一句“Inourfast-paced,self-focusedmodernlives,intentionallyseekingoutawe-inspiringexperiencesmaybeakey...”直接指出了原因。）13.E（解析：該空在解釋為什么無(wú)聊有益，E項(xiàng)“Ourbrainsneedperiodsoflowstimulationtofunctionoptimally.”承接上文，說(shuō)明大腦需要低刺激狀態(tài)來(lái)高效運(yùn)作，為下文的創(chuàng)造力做鋪墊。）14.A（解析：該空是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)和升華，A項(xiàng)“Boredomisthereforenotastatetobeavoided,butaresourcetobecultivated.”得出結(jié)論，符合邏輯。）15.B（解析：該空是說(shuō)明如何通過(guò)“擁抱無(wú)聊”來(lái)提高專注力，B項(xiàng)“Itiscrucialtoscheduletimeforunstructured,screen-freeactivities.”提供了具體建議，與主題一致。）第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）16.B（解析：后文提到她對(duì)項(xiàng)目充滿信心，但臨近時(shí)又焦慮，因此是“confident”。）17.C（解析：根據(jù)后文她開始向訪客解釋，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，她應(yīng)該是帶著“smiling”開始的，這是一種積極的、友好的姿態(tài)。）18.C（解析：根據(jù)前文的“anxiety”和“voicewasalittle”，以及后文的“butasshesawtheinterest...herconfidencegrew”，可知一開始聲音是“shaky”（顫抖的）。）19.D（解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，她是在向訪客“presenting”（展示）她的項(xiàng)目和信息。）20.B（解析：根據(jù)后文“andevenlearnedafewthingsfromothers”，說(shuō)明這是一次雙向的“exchanging”（交流）思想。）第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）21.driving（解析：drivingforce是固定搭配，意為“驅(qū)動(dòng)力”。）22.seeking（解析：現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，與主語(yǔ)ourbrains是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。）23.known（解析：形容詞，意為“已知的”。）24.constantly（解析：副詞修飾動(dòng)詞asking。）25.leads（解析：主語(yǔ)是thisrelentlesspursuit，時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。）26.Embracing（解析：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。）27.Simply（解析：副詞修飾動(dòng)名詞accepting。）28.truth（解析：the是定冠詞，后面接名詞。）29.Developing（解析：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。）30.learning（解析：keepdoingsth.是固定搭配。）第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）參考范文：DearMr.Smith,I'mwritingtoinviteyoutobetheguestspeakeratourupcominglecture.Thelecture,themed"HowTechnologyisChangingOurLearning,"willbeheldintheschoolauditoriumthisFridayat3p.m.Wekno