Unit11EthnocentrismandStereotypesReadingListeningCONTENTS

VideoClipAppreciationSectionASectionBSectionCSectionAIntroductiontotheMovieClipNewWordsIntroductiontotheMovieCrashPhrasesandExpressionsExercisesforUnderstandingNotesOverathirty-six-hourperiodinLosAngeles,ahandfulofdisparatepeople’slivesintertwineastheydealwiththetenseracerelationsthatbelielifeinthecity.Amongtheplayersare:theCaucasiandistrictattorney,whousesraceasapoliticalcard;hisCaucasianwife,whohasrecentlybeencarjackedbytwoblackmen,believesthatherstereotypicalviewsofnon-whitesisjustifiedandcannotbeconsideredracism;thetwoblackcarjackerswhousetheirracetotheiradvantageandasanexcuse;partneredCaucasianpoliceconstables-onewhoisaracistanduseshisauthoritytoharassnon-whites,andtheotherwhohateshispartnerbecauseofhisracistviews,butwhomayhavethesameunderlyingvalues;ablackfilmIntroductiontotheMovieCrashdirectorandhisblackwife,whobelievesherhusbanddoesn’tsupporttheirblackbackgroundenough,especiallyinlightofanincidentwiththeracistwhitecop;partneredpolicedetectivesandsometimeslovers-oneHispanicfemaleandtheotherblackmale,thelatterwhoisdealingwithadruggedoutmotherthatfeelsheisn’tconcernedenoughabouttakingcareofthefamily;anEastAsianmanwhoisrunoverbutwhoishidingsomevaluablecargointhebackofhisvan;aPersianstoreowner,whofeelsheisn’tgettingsatisfactionfromAmericansocietywhenhisstoreisrobbedtimeandtimeagain;andaHispaniclocksmithwhojustwantstokeephisfamily,especiallyhisyoungdaughter,safeinaseeminglyunsafeworld.IntroductiontotheMovieCrashIntroductiontotheMovie

ClipAblackman,DetectiveGrahamWaters,speaksdazedlyaboutthenatureofLosAngelesandtheneedforpeopletocrashintoeachother.ALatinowomaninthedriver’sseatofthecar,Ria,mentionstheywerehitfrombehindandspunaround.Shegetsoutofthecarandgoestothecopandtheotherdriver,anAsianwoman.Thetwowomenblameeachotherforthemishapandmakeracialjibes.TheLatinaidentifiesherselfasadetective.Watersgetsoutwalkstowardmorepolicecarsandacrimescene.Anothercopmentionstheyhaveabody.AnintensestarecrossesWaters’faceashelooksatsth.Thesceneflashesbackto“Yesterday.”AtagunshopaPersianmanFarhadandhisdaughterDorriarebuyingahandgun.TheshopownergetsupsetwiththePersiansspeakingFarsiandthetwomenquicklybeginexchangingangryinsults.FarhadleavesfumingandDorritellstheshopownerthatshe’lleithertakethegunortaketheirmoneyback,statingthatshehopesshegetsthemoneyback.Shealsoselectsaredboxoffreebulletsasshetakesthegun,despitetheownermakingacrypticremarkaboutthetypeofbulletsshe’schosen.Twoyoungblackmen,AnthonyandPeter,leavearestaurant.Anthonyclaimstheywerevictimsofracismandpoorservice,andPeterlaughsitoff.JeanandRickCabot,awhitecouple,walkdownthesidewalk.JeannoticesthetwoIntroductiontotheMovie

Clipblackmen,avertshergazeandclutchesRick’sarm.Anthonytakesitasaracialslight,butthenthetwoyoungmensuddenlydrawhandgunsandcarjacktheCabots’blackLincolnNavigator.PeterplacesaSt.ChristopherstatueonthedashboardoverAnthony’sobjections.DetectiveWatersandhispartnerRiaarriveatacrimescene.Auniformedcoptellsthemtherewasshootingbetweentwodrivers.ThesurvivingwhitemanisidentifiedasanundercovercopnamedConklin.ThedeaddriverinaMercedesisalsoacop,ablackmannamedLewis.Theinvestigatorsareunsurewhostartedtheshootingintheroadrageincident.AttheCabots’houseJeanisstillupset,andeventhoughalocksmithisalreadychangingthedoorlocks.SeeingthatthesmithhasseveraltattoosandisLatino,sheangrilytellsherhusbandshewantsthejobdoneagainthenextday.Jeanloudlyclaimsthelocksmithwillsellthekeysandtheywillberobbedagain.Thelocksmith,Daniel,overhearsandleavestwosetsofkeysonthekitchencounterasheleaves.RickisrunningforDistrictAttorneyre-electionandwondershowtousethecarjackingtoanelectoraladvantagewhiletalkingtohisassistants.NewWordsammunition['?mju'n???n]n.彈藥bulletsandrocketsthataremadetobefiredfromweaponsinsult[?n's?lt]n.侮辱;辱罵;冒犯aruderemark,orsthapersonsaysordoeswhichinsultsyouincinerate[?n‘s?n?re?t]v.把……燒成灰燼burnsth.completelyinaspecialcontainerracial['re??l]adj.種族的relatingtopeople’sraceNewWordsdiscrimination[d?‘skr?m?’ne???n]n.歧視thepracticeoftreatingonepersonorgroupofpeoplelessfairlyorlesswellthanotherpeopleorgroupspickup['p?k?p]n.小卡車alighttruckwithanopenbodyandlowsidesandatailboardpatrol[p?'tro?l]v.在……巡邏movearoundinordertomakesurethatthereisnotroubletheregimme['ɡ?mi]v.給我（等于giveme）usedinwrittenEnglishtorepresentthewords“giveme”whentheyarepronouncedinformallyNewWordsvoodoo['vu?du?]n.伏都教（一種西非原始宗教）;伏都教徒slobbery['slɑb?ri]adj.潮濕的;流口水的;過(guò)于傷感的;懶散的suction['s?k?n]n.抽吸（液體、汽體等）theprocessbywhichliquids,gases,orothersubstancesaredrawnoutofsomewheredashboard['d??b??rd]n.（機(jī)動(dòng)車輛的）儀表板thepanelfacingthedriver’sseatwheremostoftheinstrumentsandswitchesareNewWordsnarc[nɑ?rk]n.緝查毒品的刑警apoliceofficerwhosejobistostoppeoplesellingorusingdrugsillegallypatronize['pe?tr?na?z]v.以高人一等的態(tài)度對(duì)待totreatsomeoneinawaythatseemsfriendly,butwhichshowsthatyouthinkthattheyarenotveryintelligent,experienced,etc.amigo[?‘mi?g??]n.朋友（源于西班牙語(yǔ)amigo）friendnigger['n?ɡ?r]n.黑人（對(duì)黑人的一種極具侮辱性的稱呼）anextremelyoffensivewordforcallingablackpersonbrushpast:glanceoff擦肩而過(guò)PhrasesandExpressionsrear-ended:collidingwiththerearendof追尾的steeringwheel:thewheelwhichthedriverholdswhenheorsheisdriving擦肩而過(guò)flatnose:akindofbulletformilitaryuse平頭彈sizeup:carefullylookatthepersonorthinkaboutthesituation,sothatyoucandecidehowtoact估計(jì);品評(píng)PhrasesandExpressionsstrolldown:walkleisurely漫步，閑逛cutinfrontof:driveinfrontofanothervehicleleavingtoolittlespaceforthatvehicletomaneuvercomfortably突然插到車前asaintwhoisbelievedtogivepeoplespecialhelpandprotection守護(hù)神patronsaint:gooffwork下班offshift:UniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngelesUCLA:加州大學(xué)洛杉磯分校，簡(jiǎn)稱UCLA，位于美國(guó)洛杉磯市，是世界著名的公立研究型大學(xué)。NotesLosAngelesPoliceDepartmentL.A.P.D.:洛杉磯警察局ReferredtoasChevyandformallytheChevroletDivisionofGeneralMotorsCompany,anautomobiledivisionoftheAmericanmanufacturerGeneralMotorsChevy:雪佛蘭，美國(guó)通用汽車公司旗下的一個(gè)汽車品牌，1918年被通用汽車收購(gòu)，現(xiàn)在為通用汽車旗下最為國(guó)際化和大眾化的品牌之一。Thepost-1926Germanbrandofautomobiles,engines,andtrucksMercedes:梅賽德斯–奔馳是世界聞名的豪華汽車品牌，以高質(zhì)量、高性能的汽車產(chǎn)品著稱。NotesExercisesforUnderstanding1.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothemovieclipyouhavejustwatched.(1)WhydoesDetectiveGrahamWaterssayintheverybeginning“Wecrashintoeachotherjustsowecanfeelsth”?_____________________________________________________________________________________DetectiveGrahamWaterssayssobecausehethinkspeopleinthecitytendtobeindifferenttoeachotherintheirdailylives.Theyneedtobeawakenedbysthdramatic.(2)Whydoesn’tthegunstoreownersellammunitiontoFarhad?_____________________________________________________________________________________FarhadisanAmericanwithMuslimbackground.Thegunstoreownerhasracialprejudiceagainsthim,connectingMuslimswithjihad.(3)AccordingtoAnthony,whydoesn’ttheblackwaitressaskwhatkindofdrinkshewants?_____________________________________________________________________________________Anthonyguessesthatblackwaitresshasstereotypes,thinkingthatblackpeopledon’ttip.Sothewaitressdidn’twanttowastehertimeonhim.ExercisesforUnderstanding1.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothemovieclipyouhavejustwatched.(4)DoyouthinkthattherobberyofcarofJeanCabotbyAnthonyandPeterWatersisanintendedone?Whyorwhynot?_____________________________________________________________________________________Idon’tthinkthattherobberyofcarofJeanCabotwasanintendedone.Itwastriggeredbyawhitewoman’sreactiononseeingthe2blackguysofAnthonyandPeterWatersonastreetatnight.(5)WhatdoesJeanCabotcomplaintoRickCabot?Doyouthinkitisastereotype?_____________________________________________________________________________________Shecomplainedaboutthepossibilityofbeingattackedbyablackgangbangerandinsistedthatthelockbechangedagain.Ithinkitisanegativestereotypebasedonherprejudiceagainsttheblack.Onseeingtheblackguywithshavedhead,pantsandtattoo,shecannothelpconnectinghimwithblackgangmember.ExercisesforUnderstanding2.Putthefollowingsentencesintherightorderaccordingtothemovieclipyouhavejustwatched.______AnthonyandPeterWatersrobbedacar.______DetectiveGrahamWatersarrivedonthespotinvestigatingagunmurderincident.______RiaandaSouthKoreanarguedaboutwhosefaultitwasinarear-endedcaraccident.______JeanCabotcomplainedtoRickCabotabouttheblacklocksmith.______Riaboughtaonefreeboxofammunitioninagunshop.32154SectionBReadingReadingExercisesReading1.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothemovieclipyouhavejustwatched.(1)Whatis“ethnocentrism”?Whyarepeopleethnocentric?_____________________________________________________________________________________Ethnocentrismisthetendencytothinkofone’sowncultureasbeingatthecenteroftheworld.Peopleareborntobeethnocentrictosomedegree.Aswegrowup,wenaturallylearntoviewtheworldasourcultureviewsitandtheideasabouttheworldformedinchildhoodaresodeeplyrootedinourmindsthatwefeelquitestronglyaboutmanyofthemandarenotlikelytochangethem.(2)Whydoesethnocentrismcausedifficultyininterculturalcommunication?_____________________________________________________________________________________Becausepeoplenaturallyfeelthatthewaysandideasoftheirculturearemorenaturalandcorrectthanthoseofothercultures.Theytendtousethenormsoftheirowncultureasstandardswhenjudgingthebehaviorsofpeoplefromothercultures,thusmakingitpossibletocauseculturalbarriersininterculturalcommunication.ReadingExercises1.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothemovieclipyouhavejustwatched.(3)Howshouldyoudealwithethnocentrism?_____________________________________________________________________________________Oneofthebestwaystoovercomeethnocentrismistocultivatethehabitoflearningaboutotherculturalperspectivesandunderstandtheworldfromotherculturalperspectives.(4)Whatdoestheterm“stereotype”mean?Whatkindofimpactcanstereotypeshaveonindividuals?_____________________________________________________________________________________Stereotypesareasetofassumedcharacteristicsaboutacertaingroupofpeoplewhoseactualbeliefs,habitsandrealitiesmoreoftenthannotdisagreewiththeimposedassumptions.Stereotypes,basedonexaggeration,distortion,ignorance,racism,culturalfactorsorevenhistoricalexperiences,aremisleadingtoindividualsandcaninfluencepeoplepositivelyandnegatively.(5)Howcanwebreaknegativestereotypes?_____________________________________________________________________________________Wemustdevelopourculturalcompetencyandlearntoperceivetheworldfromothercultures’standpoints.ReadingExercises2.Smallgrouptask.ReadingExercisesHeaveniswherethepoliceareEnglish,thecooksareFrench,themechanicsareGerman,theloversareItalianandeverythingisorganizedbytheSwiss.HelliswherethepoliceareGerman,thecooksareEnglish,themechanicsareFrench,theloversareSwiss,andeverythingisorganizedbytheItalians.First,readtheaboveoldjokeaboutnationalstereotypes,andtheningroups,pleasediscussthereasonsimpliedandwhatotherexamplesorproofsarerelatedwithethnocentrismorstereotypesind