必修第一冊Unit4

NaturalDisasters過關(guān)測試（考試時(shí)間：60分鐘試卷滿分：100分）I.詞匯檢測Thisisoneoftheworstnaturald__________(災(zāi)難)evertohitthearea.Theumbrellaisapoors____________(避身處)fromheavyrain.Wecannots__________(幸存)forlongwithoutfoodanddrink.Thefiremen____________(營救)threewomenfromtheburninghouse.Unluckily,thehousethatwetalkedaboutisin____________(廢墟)．Thesoldiers____________(使陷入困境)theirenemiesandforcedthemtogivein.Sheb__________(掩埋)herfaceinherhandandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.Thewaters__________(供給)hasbeencutoffbecausetheworkersarerepairingthemainpipes.Theplanec__________(墜毀)intothemountain,butthepilotmanagedtosurvive.E_____________lineoperatorsmustalwaysstaycalmandmakesurethattheygetalltheinformationtheyneedtosendhelp.答案：disasters2.shelter3.survive4.rescued5.ruins6.trapped7.buried8.supply9.crashed10.EmergencyII.單句語法填空1.Thesouthofthecountrywasworstaffectedbythe___________(dry).2.We_____________(slide)downtheroofanddroppedtotheground.3.Soldiersandvolunteersarestillsearchingfor_____________(survive).4.Thesignsofaneconomic_____________(revive)areonlyjustbeginning.5.Itsuddenly__________(strike)mehowwecouldimprovethesituation.6.Thenew____________(deliver)servicehastakenoffinabigway.7.Itcanbeusefultowriteashort_____________(summarize)ofyourargument(論點(diǎn))first.8.Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesof____________(suffer)duringthewar.9.Thetyphoonhasleftatrailofdeathand__________(destroy)acrossmuchofcentralJapan.10.Ifeelmuch____________(affect)formymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffectonme.1.drought2.slid3.survivors4.revival5.struck6.delivery7.summary8.sufferings9.destruction10.affectionIII.詞組填空inruins,cutacross,asusual,inshock,sufferfrom,onhand,causedamageto,sparenoeffortto…,surviveon,sweepaway,asif,1.Hewasbarely__________________hisearningsasanartist.2.Aftertheearthquake,thewholecitylay_________________.3.Hisfriendhas_________________illhealthforsomeyears.4.Heisn'tseriouslyinjuredbutheis_________________.5.Peoplevisittheirancestors’

graves(墳?zāi)?to______________thedirt.6.Weallknowthatwecan’tlive______________withoutgoodhealth.7.Wecangaintimeifwe_________________thisfield.8.Wewill__________________helpyou,butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.9.Hetalkswithastranger_____________theyweregoodfriends.10.Theearthquake_____________________property(財(cái)產(chǎn)）about$6billion.答案：1.survivingon2.inruins3.sufferedfrom4.inshock5.sweepaway6.asusual7.cutacross8.sparenoeffortto9.asif10.causeddamagetoIV.課文語法填空Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunami___1___crashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,____2____(kill)morethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfour___3______countries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcars______4_________(sweep)awaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreached___5___magnitudeof9.0.“Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildren___6___waterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadtoleaveeverythingandrunto__7___(safe),”saidChandraTheeravit,alocalThaiwoman.Thousandsofpeoplearestill______8______(miss),andthenumberof_____9______(die)isexpectedtogrowevenhigheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaid________10___(organize)forthetsunami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.答案：1.that/which,2.killing,3.other,4.wereswept,5.a,6.when,7.safety,8.missing,9.deaths,10.isbeingorganisedV.閱讀理解ANaturaldisastersarenature’sanger,whichcanupseteventhemostdevelopedcountriesandmakethemintoruins.Thereisnothingwecandotostopsuchdisastershappening.Inthatcaseitisquitepossiblethatweareallshortofelectricity,water,food,etc.Thebasicnecessitiestobestoredfortimesofdisastersareexplainedbelow.Drinkingwaterisamustforanyhumantosurvive.Ithastobestoredbasedonthenumberofpeopleinthehousehold.Anormalhumanwouldconsumeagallonofwateraday.Foodisanimportantrequirement.Especiallyintimesofdisasters，ourbodieswouldbeweak.Richfoodisveryimportantinsuchtimesofdanger.Foodlikedryfruitswouldbeidealastheylastlongandgiveusenergy.AFirstAidKitandbasicmedicinesareamustanddoremembertostoresomeofthem.Certainbasicthingssuchasscissorsandsoapswouldbehandy.Itisagoodideatohavearadiotobeupdatedwiththeongoingnews.AnEarthquakePreparednessKitwouldbeofgreathelpinfightingagainstanearthquakeintheplaceswhereearthquakestakeplaceveryoften.However,thiscanhappenanywhereintheworldsoitisamustandshouldbewellequippedinadvance.Therearewindstormsthatcanleavebehindatrailofdestruction.TheUShassufferedfrommanytornadoes.Takingstepsinadvancetohandlesuchunforeseencircumstances(情況)isamust.Itisagoodideatoplananidealplacewhichwouldbehelpfulinprotectingyouandyourfamilyfromthestorm.Floodsandothernaturaldisastersprobablyhappenunexpectedlysomeday,soweneedtomakepreparationsforthem.Dotakestepsinadvance.Beingwellpreparedistheonlywaythatwouldhelpusrecoverfromsuchdisasters.【語篇解讀】文章大意：自然災(zāi)害是不可避免的，我們要提前做好準(zhǔn)備。1．Fromthefirstparagraphwecanlearnthatnaturaldisasters__A__.A．can’tbepreventedbymanB．canbecontrolledbyhumansC．cantakeplacemoreoftenD．willruintheearthsomeday解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中第二句“Thereisnothingwecandotostopsuchdisastershappening.”可知，自然災(zāi)害是無法阻止的。故選A。2．Whichkindoffoodismostsuitableforstoringaccordingtotheauthor？__B__A．Meatandfish. B．Somedryfruits.C．Cakesandbread. D．Applesandpears.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中第七句“Foodlikedryfruitswouldbeidealastheylastlongandgiveusenergy.”可知，干水果是最理想的儲藏食物。故選B。3．Whatisthegoodwaytodealwithtornadoesaccordingtotheauthor？__B__A．Stayingoutsideofyourhousewithyourfamily.B．Planningasafeplaceforallyourfamilytostayat.C．Storingenoughwaterforyouandyourfamily.D．PreparinganEarthquakePreparednessKitearlier.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中倒數(shù)第二句“Itisagoodideatoplananidealplacewhichwouldbehelpfulinprotectingyouandyourfamilyfromthestorm.”可知，龍卷風(fēng)來臨時(shí)，為家人安置一個(gè)安全的地方躲避是好主意。故選B。4．Inthispassagetheauthormainlytellsreadersto__C__.A．fightagainstnaturaldisasters，withtheirfamilybravelyB．keepcalminthecircumstancesofnaturaldisastersC．preparenecessitiesfornaturaldisastersaheadoftimeD．takestepstoreducethedamageofnaturaldisasters解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中最后一句“Thebasicnecessitiestobestoredfortimesofdisastersareexplainedbelow.”以及最后一段“Dotakestepsinadvance.Beingwellpreparedistheonlywaythatwouldhelpusrecoverfromsuchdisasters.”可知，本文主要介紹的是提前為災(zāi)難來臨儲備好必需品。故選C。BAnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.FrankHurley'spictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism—iftheyhadbeenmadelastweek.Infact，theywereshotfrom1914through1916，mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck(海難)，byacameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest，underfreezingwater，inthedamagedwoodenship.TheshipwastheEndurance，asmall，tight，Norwegian-builtthree-masterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnestShackletonandasmallcrewofseamenandscientists,27meninall，tothesouthernmostshoreofAntarctica'sWeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled(雪橇)acrossthecontinent.ThejourneywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourcompanionsonthemarchback.AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell-researchedstoryTheEndurance，adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.Scott'slastjourney，completedashelayinatentdyingofcoldandhunger，caughttheworld'simagination，andafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.Shackleton，aonetimeBritishmerchant-navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908，startedabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurley，aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic，washiredtomaketheimages，mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是FrankHurley收集的照片把過去一次不成功的航?；顒?dòng)重新展現(xiàn)了出來。1．WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?A．Theyweremadelastweek.B．Theyshowedunderseasceneries.C．Theywerefoundbyacameraman.D．Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.答案D[事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的theywereshotfrom1914through1916，mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck可知，這些照片記錄的是一次海難。]2．WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothetext?A．FrankHurley. B．ErnestShackleton.C．RobertFalconScott. D．CarolineAlexander.答案C[事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話中的CaptainScotthadreachedtheSouthPole可知，到達(dá)南極的是RobertFalconScott。]3．WhatdoesAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?A．Artisticcreation. B．Scientificresearch.C．Moneymaking. D．Treasurehunting.答案C[事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段中的．..startabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography可知，Alexander認(rèn)為他1914航行的目的就是為了掙錢發(fā)財(cái)。]CTheircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter'sday.Butrobinsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.Robinsaresingingallnight—aswellasduringtheday，British-basedresearcherssay.DavidDominoni，ofGlasgowUniversity，saidthatlightfromstreetlamps，takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'biologicalclocks，leadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.DrDominoni，whoisputtingcamerasinsidenestingboxestotracksleepingpatterns，saidlackofsleepcouldputthebirds'healthatrisk.Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelab，itleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.Andthemorebirdsareexposedtolight，themoreactivetheyareatnight.Hetoldpeopleataconference，“Therehavebeenacoupleofstudiessuggestingtheyareincreasingtheirsongoutputatnightandduringthedaytheyarestillsinging.Singingisacostlybehaviourandittakesenergy.Sobyincreasingtheirsongoutput，theremightbesomecostsofenergy.”Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal.DrDominonisaid，“InGlasgowwhereIlive，gullsareaseriousproblem.Ihavepeoplecomingtomesaying‘Youarethebirdexpert.Canyouhelpuskillthesegulls？’．Duringthebreeding(繁殖)season，betweenAprilandJune，theyareveryactiveatnightandverynoisyandpeoplecan'tsleep.”AlthoughDrDominonihasonlystudiedlightpollution，otherresearchconcludedthatrobinslivinginnoisycitieshavestartedtosingatnighttomakethemselvesheardoverloudnoise.However，somebirdsthrive(興旺)innoisyenvironments.AstudyfromCaliforniaPolytechnicStateUniversityfoundmorehummingbirdsinareaswithheavyindustrialmachinery.Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators(天敵)fleeingtoquieterareas.【語篇解讀】本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究的結(jié)果，由于人類制造的光線問題，越來越多的鳥類如知更鳥在晚上也會唱歌，這極大地影響了鳥的健康。1．AccordingtoDrDominoni'sstudy，whatcausesrobinstosingsomuch?A．Thebreedingseason.B．Thelightinmodernlife.C．Thedangerousenvironment.D．Thenoisefromheavymachinery.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的“DavidDominoni，ofGlasgowUniversity，saidthatlightfromstreetlamps，takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'biologicalclock，leadingtothembeingwideawake...”以及第三段最后一句可知，是現(xiàn)代生活中的燈光使得知更鳥唱歌太多。故選擇B。]2．Whatistheresearchers'concernovertheincreaseofbirds'songoutput?A．Theenvironmentmightbepolluted.B．Thebirds'healthmightbedamaged.C．Theindustrycostmightbeincreased.D．Thepeople'shearingmightbeaffected.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Singingisacostlybehaviourandittakesenergy.”可知，唱歌唱得越多，鳥類就會損耗更多的精力，它們的健康也會因此受到損害。故選擇B。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nocturnal”inParagraph5mean?A．Activeatnight. B．Inactiveatnight.C．Activeduringtheday. D．Inactiveduringtheday.答案A[詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文的“Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeing...”以及本段最后的“...theyareveryactiveatnight...”可知，這里的nocturnal與前面的awake應(yīng)該是近義詞，意為“夜間活動(dòng)的”。故選A。]4．Whydosomebirdsthriveinnoisyenvironments?A．Becausetherearefewerdangers.B．Becausethereismorefoodtoeat.C．Becausethereislesslightpollution.D．Becausetherearemoreplacestotakeshelter.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句“Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheirpredators(天敵)fleeingtoquieterareas.”可知，它們的天敵都去了更安靜的地方，在這些工業(yè)區(qū)，天敵更少，也就是危險(xiǎn)更少。]VI.完形填空Thewholeschoolwastalkingaboutthecomingtripatawintercamp.Andeveryonewas1,exceptme.“I’llhateit,”Itoldmyparents.“I’llgethomesick（想家的）.I’lllookstupidatwintersports,andeveryonewill2me.”“Youmightbesurprised,Bree,”saidMom.“Theonlywaytofindoutisto3.”“It’swhatgrowingupisallabout,”Dadadded.When4thecamp,wewereaskedtoshareone5.“I’mafraidI’llbehomesick,”someonesaid.Iwasn’ttheonlyone!Ibeganto6.Afterlunch,wewereaskedtoski（滑雪）downtothefield.Iskied7,butIstillhitapieceoficeand8.“Ha!Ha!”Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing.I9toseewhowasmakingfunofme.Tomy10,Isawagirlinthesameawkward（尷尬的）positionIwasin.“IthoughtI’dbebadatthis,11I’mworsethanIexpected!”shesaid.12,Istartedlaughingtoo.Afterbeingso13offalling,itwasacomfortnottofearitanymore.Atdinnertime,IwassohappytobetalkingaboutinterestingthingsthatI14tofeelhomesick.Thenextday,Iwas15totryskijumpingfirst,eventhoughIdidn'twantto.Butwhenmyfeetlefttheground,IfeltIwas16anditwaswonderful.MaybeDadwasrightwhenhesaid“Youmight17itifyougiveitachance!”Maybethekindof18MomandDadweretalkingabouthadmoretodowithmyoutlook（態(tài)度）thanmylooks.Weall19fittinginandfailingwhenwetry20things.Sometimesyou’regottofallonyourfacetodiscoverhowmuchyou’vegotincommon.1.A.strange B.sad C.nervous D.excited2.A.speakto B.waitfor C.laughat D.talkabout3.A.try B.dream C.change D.move4.A.searchingfor B.returningto C.makingup D.arrivingat5.A.story B.fear C.purpose D.fact6.A.eat B.ask C.relax D.sleep7.A.carefully B.interestingly C.finally D.quickly8.A.wentout B.gaveup C.ranaway D.felldown9.A.walkedaround B.stoodup C.lookedback D.steppedover10.A.shame B.surprise C.pleasure D.regret11.A.but B.so C.because D.or12.A.Quietly B.Hopefully C.Unhappily D.Suddenly13.A.tired B.proud C.certain D.afraid14.A.failed B.refused Cforgot D.stopped15.A.prepared B.chosen C.protected D.allowed16.A.flying B.crying C.learning D.dying17.A.prevent B.trust C.discover D.enjoy18.A.winningback B.showingoff C.growingup D.workingout19.A.catchup B.worryabout C.believein D.pointout20.A.new B.easy C.right D.popular【文章大意】在成長過程中我們或許會害怕嘗試新事物，或許會害怕失敗，然而，這些都是成長的必經(jīng)階段。在此過程中，我們需要以積極向上的態(tài)度來面對這一切。1.D根據(jù)該空后的exceptme和I’llhateit可知，作者不想去冬令營，然而其他人都很“興奮（excited）”。故選D。2.C根據(jù)前半句I’lllookstupidatwintersports可知，由于不擅長冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，作者害怕別人會“笑話（laughat）”她。故選C。3.A作者的媽媽鼓勵(lì)作者自己去“嘗試（try）”。故選A。4.D根據(jù)文章首句中的thecomingtripatawintercamp可知，此處指“到達(dá)（arrivingat）”營地。故選D。5.B根據(jù)下一句中的I’mafraidI’llbehomesick可知，大家分享一件“害怕的事（fear）”。故選B。6.C作者一開始擔(dān)心自己會想家，擔(dān)心會被別人笑話，因此聽到別人說想家時(shí)，她開始“放心（relax）”了。故選C。7.A根據(jù)上文中的I’lllookstupidatwintersports可知，由于作者不擅長冬季體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，因此她“小心翼翼地（carefully）”滑雪。故選A。8.D根據(jù)該空前的Istillhitapieceofice可知，作者撞到一塊冰上，“摔倒了（felldown）”。故選D。9.C根據(jù)上一句Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing可知，有人在作者身后發(fā)出笑聲，因此作者“朝身后看去（lookedback）”，想知道究竟是誰在笑。故選C。10.B根據(jù)該空后的IsawagirlinthesameawkwardpositionIwasin可知，作者原本以為有人在笑她，然而令她“詫異（surprise）”的是，有一個(gè)女孩也摔倒了。故選B。11.AIthoughtI’dbebadatthis與I’mworsethanIexpected之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A。12.D女孩所說的話讓作者也“突然（Suddenly）”笑了起來。故選D。13.D根據(jù)上文的描述可知，作者一直“害怕（afraid）”摔倒。故選D。14.C根據(jù)該空前的happytobetalkingaboutinterestingthings可知，作者在晚飯時(shí)和別人聊得很開心，以至于“忘了（forgot）”想家。故選C。15.B根據(jù)后半句eventhoughIdidn’twantto可知，作者在第二天被“選中（chosen）”第一個(gè)嘗試跳臺滑雪。故選B。16.A根據(jù)該空前的myfeetlefttheground和該空后的itwaswonderful可知，作者感覺自己在“飛翔（flying）”。故選A。17.D作者在此體會到跳臺滑雪給她帶來的樂趣，因此，她認(rèn)同爸爸說的“你嘗試后或許會“喜歡（enjoy）”上它的”。故選D。18.C根據(jù)上文中的“It’swhatgrowingupisallabout，”Dadadded可知，作者在此發(fā)出關(guān)于“成長（growingup）”的感慨。故選C。19.B聯(lián)系全文的語境可知，在成長過程中，當(dāng)我們嘗試“新（new）”事物時(shí)，我們都會“擔(dān)心（worryabout）”不適應(yīng)或是失敗，故選B。20.A聯(lián)系全文的語境可知，在成長過程中，當(dāng)我們嘗試“新（new）”事物時(shí)，我們都會“擔(dān)心（worryabout）”不適應(yīng)或是失敗。故選A。VIII.閱讀七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoCelebrateWorldEnvironmentDayWorldEnvironmentDayisayearlyeventheldtoraiseglobalsenseoftheneedtoprotectourworld.__36.G__Peopleconsideritaclimax(高潮)ofenvironmentalactivitiesbeingperformedallyearroundbyUNEP.Beapartofthecelebrationstomakeourworldcleaner，greenerand