課時練1閱讀理解提速練eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)閱讀理解A(2018·合肥高三調(diào)研性檢測)GoldenGateBridgeLocatedinSanFrancisco,theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937.Itcostmorethan$35millionintheconstruction.Tilltheyear1957,theGoldenGateBridge,atalengthof2，737meters,wasthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.BrooklynBridgeTheBrooklynBridgeislocatedinBrooklyn.ItisoneoftheoldestbridgesintheUnitedStates,openedintheyear1883.Thelengthofthebridgeis1，825meters.ThebridgehasbeenfeaturedinseveralHollywoodmovies.GeorgeWashingtonBridgeAlsoknownastheHudsonRiverBridge,theGeorgeWashingtonBridgewhichconnectsFortLeetoManhattancameintousein1931afteraconstructionperiodofalmost4years.Itisatwo-levelsuspensionbridge.MackinacBridgeThisisthethirdbiggestsuspensionbridgeintheworldatalengthof8，038meters.ThearchitectofthisbridgewasDr.DavidB.Steinmanwhodirectedtheconstructionofthebridgew1954.Itartedintheyear1954.Itwasopenedtothepublicin1957.Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.NavajoBridgeLocatedinArizona,thisbridgecrossestheColoradoRiverandisalmost250meterslong.Theconstructionofthisbridgestartedintheyear1927,endingtwoyearslater,costing$390，000.Inthe1990sasecondbridgewasbuiltwhichwasopenedtothepublicin1995.Thefirstbridgeisstillusedbypedestriansnow.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國五座著名的大橋。1．WhatdoweknowabouttheGoldenGateBridge?A．Itconsistsoftwobridges.B．Itcoststheleastofthefivebridges.C．Itisthelongestsuspensionbridgeintheworld.D．Ittakesabout4yearstopletetheconstruction.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“theGoldenGateBridgestartedintheyear1933toconnecttheSanFranciscoPeninsulawithMarinCounty.Itwasfinallythrownopentopublicin1937”可推知，金門大橋的建造時間約有四年，故D項正確。2．Whichofthefollowingbridgeswasbuilttheearliest?A．GoldenGateBridge.B．BrooklynBridge.C．GeorgeWashingtonBridge.D．NavajoBridge.B解析：細節(jié)理解題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“wasbuilttheearliest”定位到每座大橋的建造時間；根據(jù)文中各座大橋的建造時間可知，布魯克林大橋是最古老的大橋，故B項正確。3．WhatwillyoudoifyoudriveacrossMackinacBridge?A．Havetopaysomemoney.B．Usethesecondbridge.C．Covernearly250meters.D．SeethestatueofDr.DavidB.Steinman.A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段尾句“Peopleusingthisbridgearechargedacertainamountofmoney.”可知，使用麥基諾大橋的人會被收取一定量的錢，故A項正確。B(2018·惠州高三第一次調(diào)研考試)interest.Butecrowdmaynotalwaysbeinaperson’sbestinterest.Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults.health.Thathaveknownthatclosefriendshipshelpboosthealth.That’strueforbothteensandadults.ThefindinginspiredJosephAllen,apsychologistattheUniversityofVirginia,andhisteamtostudywhetherexperiencesduringteenyearswouldinfluenceadulthealth.Sotheyfollowed171teens,startingwhenthekidswerejust13.Theyinterviewedeachoneeveryyearforfiveyears，andalsospoketotheseteens’closestfriends，whoprovidedadditionalinformationaboutthequalityoftheirfriendships.Thesame171peoplewereinterviewedagainatages25,26and27.Thistime,thequestionssurveyedeachperson’soverallhealth.Whentheresearchersanalyzedthedata,theyfoundastrongconnectionbetweenateen’sbehaviorandadulthealth.Teenswhohadclosefriendsgrewuptobethehealthieradults.Whetherteensheldbacktheirfeelingsorexpressedthemtoclosefriendsalsoinfluencedlaterhealth.Thosewhoheldbacktheirfeelingsweremorelikelytobesickasadults.Theconnectionheldupevenafterthescientistsaccountedforotherpossibleinfluencesonhealth.Weight，familyineanddrugusewereallexamined.Sowerementalhealthissues，suchasanxietyanddepression.Andinthesepeople，suchotherfactorsdidnotexplainadulthealthaswellasteenfriendshipsdid.Gettingalongwiththecrowdmayhavebenefits,saysAllen,buttherearealsodrawbacks.Teenswhoaremoreindependenttendtodobetteratschoolandwork.Andpeerpressuremayleadsomekidstoengageinriskybehavior,suchassmoking,drinkingorusingdrugs.Dealingwithitisanongoingchallenge，Allenacknowledges.“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldn’tloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy.”And,headds，“Parentsneedtobeunderstandingaboutthepressuresteensface.”【解題導(dǎo)語】研究表明，與朋友較少或者沒有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在長大后更健康。當(dāng)然，與朋友相處也有壞處。4．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A．Sciencefiction.B．Healthcolumn.C．Fashionmagazine.D．Entertainmentnewspaper.B解析：文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹青少年時的友誼對青少年成年后健康的影響。據(jù)此可知，本文屬于健康知識類文章，故可判斷，本文可能選自“健康專欄”。故B項正確。5．WecanlearnfromAllen’sstudythat________．A．manyotherfactorshaveagreaterinfluenceonadulthealththanteenfriendshipsB．mentalhealthissueshavenothingtodowithadulthealthC．thesame171teenswereinterviewedeachyearfrom13to27D．theteenswhocouldn’texpressthemselvesgrewuptobeunhealthierD解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whetherteensheldback...sickasadults”可知，青少年是否向他們的好朋友表達情感也會影響到其成年后的健康，那些壓抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D項正確。6．AccordingtowhatAllensaid,wecanknowthat________．A．inordertodobetteratschool,teensshouldnotfollowthecrowdB．thoughit’schallengingforteenstodealwithpeerpressure,theyshouldnotgiveupC．teenswillengageinsmoking,drinkingorusingdrugswhenfacingpeerpressureD．parentsshouldunderstandtheirteensandstopthemgoingwithfriendsB解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，與朋友相處使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同時也會帶來不利影響，即周圍同齡人帶來的壓力，這些壓力會導(dǎo)致許多問題。分析Allen的話“Findingtherightbalanceisthekey.Teensshouldn’tloseheartfornotfindingthiseasy”可以判斷，青少年要應(yīng)對這些壓力，找到正確的平衡點是關(guān)鍵，不能因為很難找到平衡點就灰心喪氣。故選B。7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Thereisnothingbadforteenstofollowthecrowd.B．Closefriendshipsarethemostimportantforpeople’shealth.C．Teenfriendshipsmayhelpteensbeehealthieradults.D．Adulthealthisonlyinfluencedbyteenfriendships.C解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句“Butnewresearchsuggeststhatteenswhogetalongwiththeirfriendsmayenduphealthierasadults”可知，與朋友相處的青少年在成年后會更加健康。C項意為“青少年時期的友誼會幫助青少年成為更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思。故C項正確。C(2018·太原高三模擬)DearParents，I’mdelightedthatyouareconsideringTheBritishInternationalSchoolforyourchild’seducation.Ourschooloffersfirst－classinternationaleducationdeliveredbyexperiencedandprofessionalstaff.WeaimtoprovideahighqualityBritish－styleeducationcharacterizedby：ThearrangementoftheEnglishnationalcurriculumtomeettheneedsofinternationalandlocalstudentsandofferinganinsightintothelocalculture.Highqualityteachingprovidedbyinternationalandlocalstaff.Abroadpersonaldevelopmentplanforstudentsthatencouragesindependence,confidence,tolerance,goodmannersandrespect.Arecognitionoftheschool－parentpartnershipinthesuccessfuleducationofthechildren.Anacknowledgementthatallstudentsareindividualswhodeserveanenvironmenttohelpthemrealizetheiracademicandotherpotential,therebypreparingthemfortheirchosencontinuingeducationandcareer.Asafe,caring,happyandstimulatingenvironmentbenefitingfromhighqualityfacilities.Ourschoolprovidesaneffectiveframeworkforeducationthroughabroad,balancedandmonitoredcurriculum.Asstudentsadvancethroughtheschooling,wemakesurethattheirneedsaremetthroughprogressiveteachingandlearning.AlthoughourcurriculumisbaseduponthenationalcurriculumforEngland,itisadaptedwhereappropriate,toensuresuitabilityforourdiversestudentbody.Thus，westriveforthedevelopmentoftransferableskillsthroughtheyearsofschooling,aswellastheacquisition(獲得)ofabroadbodyofknowledge.Studentsaregivenopportunitiestodevelopmanyskills,whichincludeskillsinlanguage,science,technologyandmathematics,intheaesthetic(審美的)andcreativefieldsofmusic,dramaandart,andinphysicaleducation.Weinsistthatstudentsactinaresponsiblemannertowardallmembersofthemunity.Throughouttheschoolyears,studentsaretaughttodistinguishbetweenrightandwrongandshowconsiderationforothers.Thequalitiesofhonesty,kindnessandgoodmannersarealwaysencouraged.Ourfriendlyatmosphereprovidesasecureandhappyenvironmentinwhichchildrencangrowasindividualsandvaluedmembersoftheschoolfamily.【解題導(dǎo)語】該文是一封學(xué)校校長致家長的信。8．Whatdoyouthinktheauthoris?A．Aschoolprincipal.B．Anexchangestudent.C．Anassistantprofessor.D．Anexperiencedlecturer.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Ourschooloffersfirst－classinternationaleducationdeliveredbyexperiencedandprofessionalstaff”可推知，本文的作者是文中所提到的學(xué)校的校長，故選A。9．Whydoestheschoolchangeitscurriculumwhennecessary?A．Todevelopsomegoodstudents’skills.B．Tomeettheneedsofdifferentstudents.C．Toofferaninsightintothelocalculture.D．Tohelpstudentsrealizetheirpotential.B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“AlthoughourcurriculumisbaseduponthenationalcurriculumforEngland,itisadaptedwhereappropriate,toensuresuitabilityforourdiversestudentbody”可知，課程的調(diào)整是為了適應(yīng)學(xué)生需求的多樣性。10．WhichofthefollowingaboutthestudentsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A．Manners.B．Self－discipline.C．Qualities.D．Independence.B解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第五段的“Abroadpersonaldevelopmentplanforstudentsthatencouragesindependence,confidence,tolerance,goodmannersandrespect”可知，文章中沒有提到自律。11．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Theauthorthinksschoolsandparentsplayanimportantroleinteaching.B．Theauthorisstressingthatresponsibilityisthemostimportantthingforastudent.C．Theauthorisencouragingmoreparentstosendtheirchildrentothisschool.D．Theauthorimpliesstudentsbeevaluedpeoplewithafriendlyatmosphere.C解析：寫作意圖題。根據(jù)全文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文是一封校長致家長的信，介紹了學(xué)校的特色和優(yōu)勢，目的在于向家長推廣這所學(xué)校，鼓勵更多家長把自己的孩子送到這所學(xué)校來學(xué)習(xí)，故選C。D(2018·陜西西北六校模擬)WithHalloweenjustaroundthecorner,todaywewillexploretheworldofghostsinthisprogram!TheMerriam-Websteronlinedictionarysaystheword“ghost”goesbackathousandyearstothe“earliestrecordedevidenceofthelanguage”.Thefirstmeaningof“ghost”was“theseatoflifeorintelligence”.Anditstillhasthatmeaninginsomeexpressions.However,today,theword“ghost”usuallymeansthesoulofadeadperson.Thismeaningisbasedontheideathataperson’sspiritandbodyareseparate.Thespiritcancontinueexistinglongafterthebodyhasdied.DuringHalloween,kidsdressedasghostsaremonsights.Thecostumeisverysimple：justthrowonawhitecloththatcoversyoufromheadtofoot.Butdonotexpecttowinanycostumepetitions!Youwouldnothaveaghostofachance.Peopleusethisexpressiontomeanthatsomethingisveryunlikelytohappen.Thesightmightevenmakeyouturnpaleasaghost.Thisisusedwhenpeoplelosecolorintheirface.Sometimesthishappenswhenapersonisscared.Butabadcoldorflucanalsoturnyouaspaleasaghost.“Ghost”canalsobeaverb.Inthe1880stheterm“ghost”meantapersonwhoworksinsecretforanotherperson.Ghostwritersproducespeechesforpoliticians.Theyalsoproducebooksforauthorswhowanttotelltheirlifestoriesbutarenotprofessionalwriters.Andsometimesghostwritersareinvolvedinaseriesofbooks,likethechildren’sstoriesbasedontheteenagedetectiveNancyDrew.Theseriesbeganin1930.TheauthorgivencreditwasCarolynKeene.Butshewasnotevenreal!Ghostwritersdidallthework.Anotherexpressionusing“ghost”asaverbissimplytoghost.Thisdoesnotmeantodie.Itmeanstoleaveaplaceoreventwithoutsaying“goodbye”toanyone.Youcanghostfromyourjob.Youcanghostfromaparty.Yoncanevenghostfromarelationship.Thisiswhenyoustopmunicatingwithsomeonebecauseyouaresimplynolongerinterestedinthem.ButIwillnotghostfromWordsandTheirStories.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要對“ghost”一詞進行了深入探索。12．Thebasicmeaningoftheword“ghost”nowadaysis________．A．thesecretofanotherpersonB．thespiritofadeadpersonC．thecolorofone’sfaceD．theoriginofintelligenceB解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的第一句“However，today，theword‘ghost’usuallymeansthesoulofadeadperson”可知，ghost現(xiàn)在的基本含義是“一個死人的靈魂”。13．Ifsomeonesays“youdon’thaveaghostofachancetowinthematch”，hemeans________．A．withoutdoubtyouwon’tlosethematchB．thematchisunlikelytohappenC．it’simpossibleforyoutowinthematchD．youaretooscaredtowinthematchC解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Peopleusethisexpressiontomeanthatsomethingisveryunlikelytohappen”可知，題干中引號內(nèi)的意思是“你不可能贏得比賽”，故選C。14．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheword“ghost”accordingtothepassage?A．Kidsdressedinawhiteclothlikeghostscanwinacostumepetition.B．Abadcoldcanturnpeopleaspaleasaghostbecausetheyfearillness.C．ItwasCarolynKeenewhoghostwrotethechildren’sstories.D．Apersondevotedtohisjobisunlikelytoghostfromhisjob.D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的第三句“Itmeanstoleaveaplaceoreventwithoutsaying‘goodbye’toanyone”并結(jié)合選項可知，一個熱愛自己工作的人是不可能輕易離開自己的工作的，ghost的含義和引用的句子呼應(yīng)，故選D。15．Thispassageislikelytoappearin________．A．a(chǎn)radioprogramB．a(chǎn)HalloweenposterC．a(chǎn)fashionmagazineD．a(chǎn)newspaperadvertisementA解析：文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段“WithHalloweenjustaroundthecorner，todaywewillexploretheworldofghostsinthisprogram”可推知，本文選自一個電臺的節(jié)目，故選A。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七選五(2018·江西贛中五校高三聯(lián)考)Moreandmorepeopleareworkingremotely.Herearesometipstokeepinmindtostayfocusedonyourworkwhenworkingathome：Setandkeepregularofficehours.1．________Thentryyourbesttoleaveworkatthe“office”andturnyourphoneonsilentandenjoytherestofyourday.Giveyourselfsometimetorechargesoyoucanbeasproductiveaspossible.Planandstructureyourworkdays.Structureyourworkdaystomaximize(使最大化)efficiency.Takeadvantageofyourbody’snaturalrhythms.2.________Ifyouknow