PAGE2/2【名師原創(chuàng)】：Unit2易混易錯點辨析●clothes;cloth;clothing【教材原句】Hegetshisclothesandalotofotherthingsfromcharityshops.(教材P30)【辨析】中這三者都與衣服有關(guān)，詞形上也很相似clothes表示的衣服包括上衣、褲子、外衣等各部分，永遠是復(fù)數(shù)形式。溫馨提示：=1\*GB3①clothes前不能用數(shù)詞修飾，但可以用形容詞性物主代詞my,their,his,her,our,your、指示代詞these,those和不定代詞many，afew,several，some等詞修飾。正：thoseclothes/fewclothes/manyclothes

誤：aclothes/twoclothes/threeclothes

=2\*GB3②clothes單獨做主語時，謂語動詞須用復(fù)數(shù)形式;但asuitofclothes(一套衣服)做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。=3\*GB3③clothes可受某些名詞修飾，表示不同用途的衣服，如：schoolclothes（校服），sportsclothes（運動服），workclothes（工作服），playclothes（休閑服）等；表示不同季節(jié)穿的服裝，如springclothes（春裝）、summerclothes（夏裝）、autumnclothes（秋裝）、winterclothes（冬裝）；還有men’sclothes（男裝），women’sclothes（女裝），children’sclothes（童裝）等，但是“嬰兒服裝”是babyclothes，通常不說babies’clothes。=4\*GB3④表示一套衣服，可以借助suit或set，如：asuitofclothes(一套衣服)；twosuitsofclothes(二套衣服)等。cloth指做衣服等用的材料，如布料，毛料、絲綢等，是物質(zhì)名詞，不可數(shù)，不能和不定冠詞a連用，表示“一塊布料”是：apieceofcloth/anarticleofcloth/anitemofcloth，類似的表達還有：Threepieces/articles/itemsofcloth三塊布；threeyardsofcloth3碼布；arollofcloth一卷布。溫馨提示：當(dāng)cloth和某些名詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合名詞時，指有特殊用途的一塊布，是可數(shù)名詞。如:adustcloth/adustcloth一塊抹布；atablecloth/atablecloth一塊桌布；adishcloth/adishcloth一塊洗碗布；afacecloth一塊洗臉毛巾。以上這種情況時，可以根據(jù)上下文語境簡稱為acloth.clothing表示“衣服”的總稱，是一個不可數(shù)的集合名詞,永遠用單數(shù)形式。溫馨提示：=1\*GB3①如果要表示“一件衣服”，可借助單位詞article,item或piece,即:anarticleofclothing/anitemofclothing/apieceofclothing；

三件衣服:threepieces/items/articlesofclothing=2\*GB3②漢語說中的“衣食”，在英語中通常表達為foodandclothing。=3\*GB3③習(xí)語awolfinsheep’sclothing的意思是“披著羊皮的狼”，其中的clothing習(xí)慣用法，一般不可能換成clothes?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Thiskindofclothwearswell.這種布料很耐穿的。Canyouseeanydifferencebetweenthesetwopiecesofcloth?你能看出這兩塊布料的不同嗎?Theyhandedeachofusahotwetclothtowipeourhands.他遞給我們每人一塊溫?zé)岬臐癫疾潦?。Theboxwascoveredwithablackclothbythemagician.

盒子被魔術(shù)師蓋上黑布。Yourclothesareinthebedsidetable.你的衣服在床頭柜里。Pleasesendtheseclothestothelaundry.請把這些衣服送到洗衣店去。Therewasasuitofclothesonhisbed.他的床上有一套衣服。Hehadtobuyagoodmanyclothes.他得買很多衣服。Thisshopsellschildren'sclothing.這家商店出售童裝。Theyprovidedtherefugeeswithfoodandclothing.他們向難民提供食品和衣物。Nomatterwhereweare,wealwayshavefood,clothing,andshelterusaswellaspeoplewholoveus.無論身在何處，我們都能得到衣食和庇護，還有關(guān)愛我們的人。Weneedwarmclothingforthewinter.

我們需要暖和的衣服過冬?！究键c過關(guān)】根據(jù)cloth;clothes;clothing用法填空1.Ifoundanarticleof________inhisoffice.2.Wheredidhegethis________made？3.Whatdoyouthinkofthissuitof________?4.Sheboughtsome________tomakesomenewdresses.5.The________feelssmoothandsoft.6.Passmeatable________,please.7.Thosecurtain________needwashing.8.Our________protectsusfromthecold.

9.Wehaveenoughfoodand_____________forthewinter.

10.She’sgotmanybeautiful____________.

11._________canbemadefromanykindof________includingwoolandcotton.

12.Howmuch_______willIneedtomakeapairoftrousers?13.Sheoftenwearsbeautiful_________.14.Youshouldgivealltheold________away.【參考答案】1.clothing;2.clothes;3.clothes;4.cloth;5.cloth;6.cloth;7.cloths;8.clothing;9.clothing;10.clothes;11.Clothing;cloth;12.cloth;13.clothes;14.clothing●dieof;diefrom【教材原句】Afewyearsago,Iwasamillionaire,butIknewmillionsofpeoplediedofhungereveryyear,andtherewereplaceswithnoschoolsandnoteachers.(教材P31)【辨析】兩者都是“死于….,因….而死”的意思，當(dāng)賓語是具體的病名或illness/sickness/disease時，可以換用，但在其它意義上有一定的區(qū)別。dieof強調(diào)因疾病、饑渴，寒冷，年老和各種情感因素造成的死亡，內(nèi)因居多。diefrom強調(diào)因受傷、勞累、身體虛弱、不良生活習(xí)慣、自然災(zāi)害和意外事故等造成的死亡,外因居多?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】400peopleayeardieof/fromthisdiseaseonaverage.平均每年有400人死于這種疾病。Millionscoulddieofhungerasanindirectresultofthewar作為戰(zhàn)爭的間接后果，數(shù)百萬人可能會死于饑餓。Onlyonein10peoplewhoareover80willdieof/fromcancer.現(xiàn)在80歲年齡層中只有10%的人死于癌癥。Hesaidsixmillionchildrendieofhungereveryyear.他說，每年大約600萬兒童死于饑餓。InBritaintoday,oneinthreemenwilldieof/fromheartdisease.在如今的英國三分之一的人死于心臟?Fine,dieofthirstthat'llreallyshowme.好，渴死的時候再來向我要.Theyalsoweretwenty-threepercentmorelikelytodieof/fromcancer.她們患癌癥的死亡率也要高23%。Manypeopledieofstarvationduringfamineseveryyear.每年發(fā)生饑荒時都有許多人餓死。Peopledonotdieofcolds.哪有傷風(fēng)感冒就會送命的。FredaBrightsays,"Onlyinoperadopeopledieoflove."弗雷德·布萊特說過，“只有在歌劇中，人們才會為愛而死?！盜t'sreportedthatthousandsofpeoplediefromillegaldrivingeachyear.據(jù)報道,每年有數(shù)千人死于非法駕駛。Ithinkwe'ddiefromhypothermiaorexposuretotheelementsfirst.我認為我們會首先死于體溫過低或曝曬。HesaysthereisarealdangerthatmorepeoplecoulddiefromtheeconomicimpactofCOVID-19thanfromthevirusitself.他表示，會有更多的人死于新冠病毒疫情造成的經(jīng)濟危機，甚于疫情本身，這是一種現(xiàn)實危險。TheCDCestimatesthataboutoneinfivepeoplewhodiefromdrowningareunderage14.美國國家疾病防疫中心聲稱，死于溺水的人有五分之一是14歲以下的兒童。Onethirdoftheworld'scigarettesaresmokedinChina,whereoveronemillionpeoplediefromsmokingeveryyear.中國占據(jù)全球香煙的三分之一，每年因吸煙死亡的人數(shù)超過了100萬人?！究键c過關(guān)】用diefrom,dieof的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Theoldman_______lungcancerlastyear.2.Thecoupleandtheirson_______AIDSyesterday.3.Theproblemisthat10,000people_______diseaseseveryweekcausedbysmoking.4.Aroundfiftypeople_______hungereverydayinthebigcity.5.Herfatherandherbrotherswould_______shame6.SomechildreninthecountrysideinIndia_______coldandstarvation.7.Everyyeartherearesomeyoungpeople_______disappointedloveinthecountry.8.Thewoman_______laughterandexcitementseveralmonths.9.Alice_______sorrowandboredomlastweek.10.Tom’sgrandfather________smokinglastnight.11.Thebravesoldier_______achestwound.12.Manypeople________drinkingtoomuchwineeveryyear.13.Thepeasant_______diedfromoverworkinthefactorythedaybeforeyesterday.14.Thoseoldmeninthevillage_______diedfromweakness.15.Nowadaysmoreandmoreyoungpeople______diefromheartillness.16.Theboy______diedfromacaraccidentthreedaysago.【參考答案】1.diedof/from;2.diedof/from;3.dieof/from;4.dieof;5.dieof;6.dieof;7.dyingof;8.diedof;9.diedof;10.diedfrom;11.diedfrom;12.diefrom;13.diedfrom;14.diedfrom;15.diefrom;16.diedfrom●whenever…,nomatterwhen…【教材原句】Wheneverhehadmorethantwothousanddollars,hewouldgiveawaysmallbanknotestohomelesspeopleinthestreetsoflocalareas.(教材P31)【辨析】兩者都有“無論什么時候，不管什么時候”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法稍有區(qū)別。whenever….既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

nomatterwhen…只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，此時可以和whenever互換。溫馨提示：whatever/nomaterwhat;wherever/nomatterwhere;whichever/nomatterwhich;whoever/nomatterwho;however/nomatterhow的用法與whenever/nomatterwhen的用法基本相同。

【例句呈現(xiàn)】Whenever/nomatterwhenyoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.無論何時你搬到一個新的地方,你都應(yīng)該找到火警報警站和離你房間最近的兩個出口。Whenevertheygoabroaddependsonthepassports.不管他們什么時候出國，都要取決于簽證。However/nomatterhowyoulookatit,it'sgoingtocostalot.不管你怎么看，它都要花很多錢。Shehasthewindowopen,however/nomatterhowcolditisoutside.不管外面多冷她都開著窗戶。Howevergothereisamatter.無論如何去那里都是個問題。Hehiredhimselfouttowhoeverneededhisservices.他以前從事臨時服務(wù)業(yè)。Comeoutofthere,whoever/nomatterhowyouare.不管你是誰，從那里出來吧。Amediacircussurroundedtheroyalcouplewherever/nomatterwheretheywent.無論王室夫婦走到何處，他們的身后都會跟著一大群媒體記者。Whereverhegoesisunimportant.不管他去哪里都不重要。Whatever/nomatterwhatsystemyouchoose,itmustberuninproperly.不管你選擇什么樣的體系，都必須經(jīng)過適當(dāng)?shù)哪ズ稀heUnitedStateswilldowhateveritcantohelpGreece美國將竭盡所能幫助希臘。Thesituationisanawkwardone,whichever/nomatterwhichwayyoulookatit.無論從哪一方面看，這個局面都很尷尬。Whichever/nomatterwhichtheychoose,wemustaccepttheirdecision.無論他們?nèi)绾芜x擇，我們都必須接受他們的決定。Justbesuretobeawareofthesafetyregulationsinwhichevercountryyouhappentobebuyingyoureggsin.你只需要留意你要買雞蛋的那個國家的食品安全規(guī)定就行。

【考點過關(guān)】用whenever/nomatterwhen;whatever/nomaterwhat;wherever/nomatterwhere;whichever/nomatterwhich;whoever/nomatterwho;however/nomatterhow填空1.________youcomehere,pleasecallmefirst.

2.Idon'tcare_______theywillcomefrom.3._______hehasputthesebooksisunimportant.4.________aproblemarrives,dothreethings–faceit,fightitandfinishit.5._______youstart,itisimportantthatyoudonotstopafterstarting.6._______happens,I'llalwaysbethereforyou.7._______goesthere,we’llagree.8.______theyare,theywillbehelpful.9._______youdo,tryyourbest.10.We'lltryourbesttodo_______isright.11._______isworthdoingisworthdoingwell.12.________wantstospeaktomeonthephone,tellthemI'mbusy.13._______doesbestwillgettheprize.14._______theyselect,wewilldisagree.【參考答案】1.Nomatterwhen/Whenever;2.wherever;3.Wherever;4.Whenever/Nomatterwhen;5.Nomatterwhen/how/Whenever/However;6.Nomatterwhat/Whatever;7.Whoever/Nomatterwho;8.Wherever/Nomatterwhere;9.Whatever/Nomatterwhat;10.whatever;11.Whatever;12.Whoever/Nomatterwho;13.Whoever;14.Nomatterwhich/Whichever●meandoingsth.;meantodosth.【教材原句】Sure,manypeoplethinkthat‘success’meanshavingmillionsinthebankorawell-paidjob.(教材P31)InthewordsoftheBritishtriathleteAlistairBrownlee,evenifitmeansgettinginjured,“I’dprefertohavethreeorfouroutstandingyearsofwinningstuffthanhavingtenyearsofbeingaverage.”(教材P36)【辨析】兩者意思完全不同。meandoingsth.意思是“意味著…..；意思是….”。meantodosth.意思是“打算做某事；有意做某事”，相當(dāng)于intendtodosth、designtodosth.和plantodosth.【例句呈現(xiàn)】Takingthisjobmeanstakingalotofrisks.

接受這份工作意味著會遇到很多危險。Beingastudentmeansstudyinghard.

當(dāng)學(xué)生意味著要努力學(xué)習(xí)。Successmeansworkinghard.

成功意味著工作努力。Missingthistrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.

錯過這輛火車意味著你得再等一小時。Doingonethingwelldoesn'tmeandoingexactlyonething.

做好一件事并不意味著僅僅做一件事。Wastingtimemeanskillinglife.

浪費時間意味著浪費生命。Don'tbetoohardontheboy;hedidn'tmeantodoit.對這個小男孩不要太嚴厲了，他不是故意這么做的。Imeantogo,butmyfatherwouldnotallowmeto.

我想去，但是我父親不肯讓我去。

Whatdoyoumeantodowithit?你打算把它怎樣處理?Hehasalwaysmeanttogetitrepaired.他一直是想請人修一修的。Imeantostayhereforalongtime.我打算在這兒呆很久。Breakingthevaseispurelyaccidental;shedoesnotmeantodoit.

打碎花瓶純粹是偶然失手;她無意弄壞它?！究键c過關(guān)】根據(jù)meandoingsth.,meantodosth.的用法填空1.Readingmeans_______(take)intheinformation,digestingitandincorporatingitintooneself.2.Sometimes_______(give)upalittlecanmeangettingmore.3.Pleaseforgiveme.Ididn'tmean_______(do)that.4.Herson’slyingtohermeant_______(kill)her.5.Breakingthedishwasaccidental;hedidn't

mean_______

(do)it.6.Totakeitapartnowwouldmean_______(waste)alotoflabor.7.Revolutionmeans________(liberate)theproductiveforces.

8.Whatdoyou

mean________(do)?9.Hestilldidn'tunderstandthatImeant________(pay)moneyfirst.

10.Doyoureally

mean_________(do)

itsooner?11.Doingthatmeans_______(waste)time.12.Imeant________(give)youthisbooktoday,butIforgot.

13.Toraisewagemeans________(increase)purchasingpower.

14.Imeant_______(come)toseeyouyesterday,butsomethinghappenedtome.15.Havingawell-paidjobdoesnotmean_______(give)upyourinterests.16.Hisinjurymeans_______(miss)nextweek’sgame.【參考答案】1.taking;2.giving;3.todo;4.killing;5.todo;6.wasting;7.liberating;8.todo;9.paying;10.todo;11.wasting;12.togive;13.increasing;14.tocome;15.giving;16.missing●nomatterwhat…；whatever…【教材原句】Callitunhealthyifyouwant,butthatisthewayIroll,nomatterwhatitisI’mapplyingmyselfto..(教材P36)【辨析】兩者都有“無論什么，不管什么”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法有區(qū)別。nomatterwhat…只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，此時可以和whenever互換。whatever….既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。

溫馨提示：whenever/nomatterwhen;wherever/nomatterwhere;whichever/nomatterwhich;whoever/nomatterwho;however/nomatterhow的用法與whatever/nomaterwhat的用法基本相同。

【例句呈現(xiàn)】Whatever/nomatterwhatsystemyouchoose,itmustberuninproperly.不管你選擇什么樣的體系，都必須經(jīng)過適當(dāng)?shù)哪ズ?。TheUnitedStateswilldowhateveritcantohelpGreece美國將竭盡所能幫助希臘。Whenever/nomatterwhenyoumovetoanewarea,youshouldlocatethefirealarmpullstationsandthetwoexitsnearestyourroom.無論何時你搬到一個新的地方,你都應(yīng)該找到火警報警站和離你房間最近的兩個出口。Whenevertheygoabroaddependsonthepassports.不管他們什么時候出國，都要取決于簽證。However/nomatterhowyoulookatit,it'sgoingtocostalot.不管你怎么看，它都要花很多錢。Shehasthewindowopen,however/nomatterhowcolditisoutside.不管外面多冷她都開著窗戶。Howevergothereisamatter.無論如何去那里都是個問題。Hehiredhimselfouttowhoeverneededhisservices.他以前從事臨時服務(wù)業(yè)。Comeoutofthere,whoever/nomatterhowyouare.不管你是誰，從那里出來吧。Amediacircussurroundedtheroyalcouplewherever/nomatterwheretheywent.無論王室夫婦走到何處，他們的身后都會跟著一大群媒體記者。Whereverhegoesisunimportant.不管他去哪里都不重要。Thesituationisanawkwardone,whichever/nomatterwhichwayyoulookatit.無論從哪一方面看，這個局面都很尷尬。Whichever/nomatterwhichtheychoose,wemustaccepttheirdecision.無論他們?nèi)绾芜x擇，我們都必須接受他們的決定。Justbesuretobeawareofthesafetyregulationsinwhichevercountryyouhappentobebuyingyoureggsin.你只需要留意你要買雞蛋的那個國家的食品安全規(guī)定就行。

【考點過關(guān)】用whenever/nomatterwhen;whatever/nomaterwhat;wherever/nomatterwhere;whichever/nomatterwhich;whoever/nomatterwho;however/nomatterhow填空1.________youcomehere,pleasecallmefirst.

2.Idon'tcare_______theywillcomefrom.3._______hehasputthesebooksisunimportant.4.________aproblemarrives,dothreethings–faceit,fightitandfinishit.5._______youstart,itisimportantthatyoudonotstopafterstarting.6._______happens,I'llalwaysbethereforyou.7._______goesthere,we’llagree.8.______theyare,theywillbehelpful.9._______youdo,tryyourbest.10.We'lltryourbesttodo_______isright.11._______isworthdoingisworthdoingwell.12.________wantstospeaktomeonthephone,tellthemI'mbusy.13._______doesbestwillgettheprize.14._______theyselect,wewilldisagree.【參考答案】1.Nomatterwhen/Whenever;2.wherever;3.Wherever;4.Whenever/Nomatterwhen;5.Nomatterwhen/how/Whenever/However;6.Nomatterwhat/Whatever;7.Whoever/Nomatterwho;8.Wherever/Nomatterwhere;9.Whatever/Nomatterwhat;10.whatever;11.Whatever;12.Whoever/Nomatterwho;13.Whoever;14.Nomatterwhich/Whichever●contribute;donate【教材原句】Shehasbeenavolleyballstarformorethanthirty-fiveyearsandhascontributedgreatlytothesport,whichhasmadeherthemostpopularfigureinChina’svolleyballhistory.(教材P40)Hehadagoodjobandalifethere,buthegaveitalluptoreturntohome,drivenbytheideathatheneededtocontributetohiscountry.(教材P43)【辨析】contribute普通用詞，用義范圍廣，除了“捐獻，捐贈”意思之外，還可表示“貢獻，捐獻，促進，增加，對….起作用”等意思，contribute的名詞為contribution.常構(gòu)成以下結(jié)構(gòu)：contributesth.to….，表示“把…..捐給….；向….投稿”；contributeto….；表示“對…..做出貢獻；對…..起作用；導(dǎo)致”等。donate意思是“捐獻、捐贈”，用義相對較窄，表示捐贈錢物時可以和contribute互換，但是，如果表示捐獻人的血液或器官時，只能用donate,不能用contribute，donate的名詞donation，常構(gòu)成donatesth.to….結(jié)構(gòu)?！纠涑尸F(xiàn)】Itwasgenerousofhertodonate/contributesuchalargesumtotherelieffund.她很慷慨，捐了一大筆錢給救濟基金會。Therearemanywarm-heartedpeopleinoursocietywhovoluntarilytodonate/contributemoneytohelpthedisabled.社會上有許多熱心人自愿捐款幫助殘疾人。Youcan'texpectamiserlikehertodonate/contributemoney.你就別指望像他那樣的小氣鬼能捐錢了。ManyrichpeopleintheUnitedStatesdonated/contributedbigsumsofmoneytouniversitiesandcolleges.美國許多富豪給大學(xué)捐贈巨款。Theysuccessfullyheldaconcertanddonated/contributetheproceedstocharity.他們成功舉辦了一次音樂會,把收入捐給了慈善機構(gòu)。Manypeopleshowmuchconcernforchildren'swelfareinstitution,andcontribute/donatemoneyandmaterialstohelptheinstitutionsimprovetheirconditions.很多人關(guān)心兒童福利院，向兒童福利院捐款捐物幫助改善條件。Itisstipulatedthatyoungpeopleshouldhavethedutytodonatebloodonunpaidbasis.據(jù)規(guī)定年輕人有義務(wù)無償獻血。Inhiswillhevolunteeredtodonatehisbodytomedicalresearch.在他的遺囑里,他自愿捐獻遺體給醫(yī)學(xué)研究【考點過關(guān)】根據(jù)donate,contribute的用法用其適當(dāng)形式填空1.He________importantculturalrelicsofhisowncollectiontothestatelastyear.2.He________largesumsofmoneytocharityeveryyear.3.Itismandatoryforbloodbankstotestall_______bloodforthevirus.4._______timeandenergytootherscantakeyououtofyourself.5.Thegovernmentcallsontheyouthto_______theirbloodvoluntarily.6.Thelocalpeoplelinedupto_______moneytotheearthquake-hitarea.7.Asthepatient'slifehunginthebalance,manycomradesofferedto_______blood.8.Ibelievethateachofuscan________tothefutureoftheworld9.Iwasaskedto_______toanewspaperarticlemakingpredictionsforthenewyear.10.Sofarthegovernment'spolicies_________tothevolatilityoftheregion.11.Iamsurethatthismeetingwill_______tothereinforcementofpeaceandsecurityallovertheworld12.Thechaosmayhave_______tothedeathsofupto20people.【參考答案】1.donated/contributed;2.donates/contributes;3.donated;4.Donating/Contributing;5.donate;6.donate/contribute;7.donate;8.contribute;9.contribute;10.contribute;11.contribute;12.contributed●participatein;attend;join;joinin;takepartin【教材原句】Asoneoftheworld’sleadingexpertsindeepearthexplorationtechnology,Huangwasapproachedtoparticipateinthe“ThousandTalent”program.(教材P43)【辨析】都有“參加”的意思，但用法稍有不同。participatein“參加，參與”，正式用語。attend后常接“會議、典禮、聚會”等名詞