八年級上冊英語單元核心素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)卷滬教版（五四學(xué)制）（2024）Unit4Thenandnow本試卷共9頁，滿分120分，考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1．答卷前、考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上指定位置。2．選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3．非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)，寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，請將試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、完形填空（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）KeilerRobertssatwithher6-year-olddaughter,Xia,lastweekataplaygroundinChicago’snorth.OnRoberts’lapwasalibrarybook,“Thumbelina”.OnXia’sweretwoBarbiedolls1tolistenalongtothetale.AsRoberts2thepageswithcolorfulpictures,Xia’seyeswidened.“Wouldn’tthatbesomethingifyouopenedupaflowerandalittlegirlwas3?”Robertssaid.Themotheranddaughterwere4parkvisitorspleasedbytheEvanstonPublicLibrary’snewbookbike.It’samotorized5withabrightyellowcart6withabout50differentkindsofbooks.Thebike,riddenbylibrarianJillSkwerskitoparksandcommunitycenters,let7ofthecommunitysignupforlibrarycards,checkoutbooksandregisterforprograms.Thecart’sbooksincluded8authorssuchasMalcolmGladwell,JohnGreenandJamesPatterson,aswellastitlesonpolitics,historyandself-helpbooks.Thecartalsohadamoreplayfulselection,too,children’sfairytales,the“Animorphs”seriesand“TheHungerGames”novels.Theprocesswasfastandsimple,9forfamilieswhohadlibrarycards.When6-year-oldSophieLevylookedatthecartofbooks,sheimmediatelyfoundher10,“HappyPigDay!”byMoWillems,andtoldSkwerskihowmuchshelovedit.1．A．sitting B．jumping C．throwing D．flying2．A．turned B．wrote C．created D．left3．A．outside B．inside C．behind D．a(chǎn)way4．A．between B．a(chǎn)round C．a(chǎn)mong D．a(chǎn)bove5．A．bicycle B．car C．truck D．train6．A．full B．filled C．carried D．go7．A．owners B．customers C．designers D．members8．A．unknown B．strange C．similar D．popular9．A．especially B．certainly C．importantly D．equally10．A．dream B．hobby C．favorite D．reason二、閱讀理解（共20小題，每小題2分，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀以下三篇短文，從每小題所給的四個選項中，選出一個與短文內(nèi)容相符的最佳選項。ATheDevelopmentofTransportationTransportationhasdevelopedgreatlyoverthecenturies.Inancienttimes,peoplemainlytraveledonfootorbyridinganimalslikehorses.Itwasaslowandtiringwaytotravel.Then,theinventionofthewheelchangedtransportation.Peoplecouldusecartspulledbyanimalstocarrygoodsandtravel.Inthe19thcentury,thesteamenginewasinvented.Trainsandsteamshipsbecamepopular.Theycouldtravellongerdistancesandcarrymorepeopleandgoods.Inthe20thcentury,theinventionofthecarandtheairplanebroughtevengreaterchanges.Carsmadeitmoreconvenientforpeopletotravelshortdistances.Airplanesmadelong-distancetravelmuchfaster.Now,high-speedtrainsarealsobecomingmoreandmorecommoninmanycountries.Thedevelopmentoftransportationhasmadetheworldsmaller.Peoplecantraveltodifferentplacesmoreeasily,anditalsopromotesinternationaltradeandculturalexchange.11．Howdidpeopletravelinancienttimes?A．Bycar. B．Bytrain. C．Onfootorbyridinganimals. D．Byairplane.12．Whatinventionchangedtransportationafterancienttimes?A．Thesteamengine. B．Thecar. C．Thewheel. D．Theairplane.13．Whatbecamepopularaftertheinventionofthesteamengine?A．Carsandairplanes. B．Trainsandsteamships.C．Bicyclesandmotorcycles. D．High-speedtrains.14．Whatistheadvantageofhigh-speedtrains?A．Theyareverycheap. B．Theycancarrythemostpeople.C．Theymakelong-distancetravelfaster. D．Theyareverycomfortable.15．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Thehistoryoftransportationdevelopment. B．Theimportanceoftransportation.C．Thefutureoftransportation. D．Thetypesoftransportation.BImetatyphoonlastsummerinFujian.Itwasareallyfrighteningone.Iwaswalkinginthestreetwithmymother.Wewereonourwayhome.Thewindblewmoreandmorestrongly.Wefeltthedifference.Westartedtowalkasfastaswecouldinordertogethomeinnotime.Butthewindwasstillfasterthanfeet.Thebigtreesbegantoshake.Thewindblewonourfaces.Itwassosharpthatwecouldn’tbreathe.Iheldmymothertightly.IwasafraidIwouldbeblownaway.Iwasexcitedwhenwewerenearourhome.Luckily,afewminuteslater,wearrivedhomesafeandsound.“Iamstillalive,”Isaidtomyselfhappily.IsawthestrongtyphoonthroughthewindowbutIcoulddonothingaboutit.Atyphoonisalargeandpowerfulstorm.Itmaydogreatdamage.Itisoneofthemostseriousnaturaldisastersintheworld.Itcanmakeeverythinguntidy!Typhoonshavedestroyedbuildings,wipedoutharvests,andtakenthousandsoflives.However,naturealsoprovidesourfirstdefence(防御)againstthem—ourtyphoon-resilient(抗臺風(fēng)的)trees!Overtheyears,thesetreeshavesomewhatmanagedtoprotectpeoplefromtheharmfuleffectsoftyphoons.Wemustpreventthemfrombeingcutdown.16．Thewriterandhismotherwere________whenthetyphoonhappened.A．goinghome B．walkinginthepark C．shopping D．visitingsomeone17．Whenthewriterandhismotherfeltthewindwasdifferent,theybeganto________.A．cry B．walkquickly C．shake D．holdeachother18．Thewriterandhismothercouldn’t________becauseofthesharpwind.A．breathe B．walkfast C．seeeachother D．findtheirwayhome19．Theunderlinedword“disasters”means“________”inParagraph2.A．毀壞 B．災(zāi)難 C．風(fēng)景 D．現(xiàn)象20．Whatdoesthelastparagraphshow?A．Typhoonsareactuallypreventable.B．Peoplecutdowntreesformanyreasons.C．Plantsandtreesareofgreatimportancetotheenvironment.D．Sometreesplayabigroleinreducingthedamagecausedbytyphoons.CLifeinthePastandNowLifeinthepastwasverydifferentfromwhatitisnow.Inthepast,peopleusedtomaketheirownclothesbyhand.Theygrewtheirownfoodandrarelyboughtthingsfromthemarket.Communicationwasslow,mainlybywritingletters.Now,wecanbuyallkindsofclothesinthestores.Wehaveawidevarietyoffoodfromallovertheworld.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,wecancommunicatewithothersinstantlythroughmobilephones,theInternetandothermeans.Inthepast,peoplehadfewerwaystoentertainthemselves.Theymightreadbooksorplaysimplegames.Butnow,wehaveTV,computers,videogamesandmanyotherformsofentertainment.However,thefast-pacedmodernlifealsobringssomeproblems.Peopleareoftenstressedoutandhavelesstimefortheirfamilies.Butoverall,weenjoytheconvenienceandrichnessthatmodernlifebrings.21．Howdidpeoplemakeclothesinthepast?A．Theyboughtthemfromthestore. B．Theymadethembymachine.C．Theymadethembyhand. D．Theyorderedthemonline.22．Whatwascommunicationlikeinthepast?A．Fast. B．Instant. C．Slow. D．Easy.23．Whatformsofentertainmentdidpeoplehaveinthepast?A．TVandcomputers. B．Videogames.C．Readingbooksorplayingsimplegames. D．Watchingmoviesinthecinema.24．Whatproblemsdoesmodernlifebring?A．Peoplehavenomoney. B．Peoplearestressedoutandhavelessfamilytime.C．Thereisnoentertainment. D．Communicationisdifficult.25．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Lifeinthepastwasbetter. B．Lifenowiscompletelyperfect.C．Bothpastandpresentlifehavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantages. D．Weshouldgobacktothepastlife.第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，從方框內(nèi)所列選項中，選出最佳選項填入對應(yīng)空白處，使短文通順、連貫。（選項中有一項多余）Isrobotguidedogthefuture?ScientistsfromChina’sShanghaiJiaoTongUniversityaredevelopingarobot“guidedog”tohelpblindpeople.26WiththehelpofcamerasandAI,therobotdogcansee,listenandspeakwithblindpeople.Itcanhelpthemduringdailytripsoutsideandbea“friend”athome.Blindpeoplecanalsouseacane(手杖)tocontroltherobot’swalkingandrunningspeed.Therobotcanevenrecognizetrafficlights(識別信號燈)—realguidedogsareunabletodothat.TherobotdogisaboutthesizeofanEnglishbulldogbutalittlewider.27Theextra(額外的)legsmakeitmorestable(穩(wěn)定的)andhelpitmovefaster.41-year-oldLiFeiand42-year-oldZhuSibinarehelpingtesttherobot.28Zhuoftenusesacanetomovearound.“Therobotdogwillmakeiteasiertogetintopublicplacesthanwithrealguidedogs.29Itcouldchangeourlivesinthenearfuture,”Lisaid.InChina,thereareabout17.31millionblindpeople,butthereareonlyabout400guidedogs.30“Webelieveourrobotwillactas‘a(chǎn)pairofeyes’forblindpeople,”saidProfessorGaoFeng,oneofthescientists.Hethinkstherecouldbealargemarketfortheserobotdogs.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列選項中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項，有一項為多余選項。A．Iamhappytojointhetest.B．Ithassixlegsinsteadoffour.C．TherobotisnowbeingtestedinShanghai.D．Mymumandherbrothersgrewlikethat.E．Thenewrobotistryingtosolvethisproblem.F．LiistotallyblindandZhucanonlyseealittle.三、詞匯應(yīng)用（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）31．The(modern)ofthecityisamazing.32．Althoughheisyoung,heisvery(knowledge).33．Thecityhasmadegreat(progress)ineducation.34．Thechildreninpoorareashopetoreceivegood(educate).35．China’s(develop)catchestheworld’sattention(注意).36．Propertrainingisanimportant(條件)ifyouwanttomasterthenewskills.37．TheshowsofMeiLanfangwerepopularamongpeopleinthe20th(百年).38．Afteryearsofhardwork,scientists(開發(fā))acurethatsavesmillionsoflives.39．Thewholeclassenjoyedthespringoutingyesterday(除了……以外)Simon,whomisseditbecauseofafever.40．It’selevenatnightandmybabysisterisstillplaying,witheyesopen(充分地)!四、完成句子（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）41．在這個世紀(jì)，人們使用計算機(jī)做了許多不可思議的事情。,peoplehavedonemanygreatthingswithcomputers.42．這些志愿活動對學(xué)生的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。Thesevolunteeractivitiesmadeagreatdifferencetotheofstudents.43．在現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)課上，老師告訴我們一個消息。Duringtheartclass,ourteachertoldusapieceofnews.44．許多大學(xué)生選擇在畢業(yè)后出國深造。Manycollegestudentschoosetoabroadaftergraduation.45．人工智能的發(fā)展對人們的生活有重大影響。TheofAImakesabigdifferencetopeople’slives.五、短文選詞填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）從方框中選擇單詞，用其正確形式填空，使短文通順。change,use,memory,wide,modern,belong,imagine,develop,although,conditionOurlifehas46alotinthepastfewdecades.Inthepast,theroadswerenot47andpeople48totravelbybikeoronfoot.Thehousesweresmallandtheliving49werenotverygood.Nowadays,withthe50oftechnology,ourlifeisbecomingmoreandmoreconvenient.Welivein51buildingsandcantravellongdistancesbycar,trainorplane.MobilephonesandtheInternetmakecommunicationmucheasier.Istillhavemanysweet52ofthepast,53lifenowisbetter.It’shardto54whatlifewillbelikeinthefuture.ButI’msureitwillbecomeevenbetterastimegoesby.Andthesewonderfulthings55toallofus.六、短文語法填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhenIwasonvacationinJapanwithmyfriendslastyear,welivedinahomestay(民宿).Wechoseit56(simple)becauseitwasinagoodlocation(位置).TheownerwasadoctorcalledDr.Joyato.Wereachedthehouseataround9:00pmandfoundourJapanesehostwaswaitingforusoutsidethehouse.Afterwemeteachother,he57(lead)usintohishouse.Dr.Joyatoandhiswifeinvitedusfordinner.Hewas77yearsold.Afterretiring(退休)attheageof67,hetook581,000-kilometerjourneyonfootwithhiswife.Theymetmanykind59(tour)duringthetrip.Later,theydecidedtoturntheirhouseintoahomestay.Dr.Joyatotoldme,"About170peoplefrom44differentcountries60(live)inmyhousesincewehadthishomestay."Thetalkwentquitewellthatnight.Thenextmorning,61Iwokeupat6:00am,ourhostwasbusypreparingbreakfastforus!Afterbreakfast,wewenttotheDisneyland,andhadsomuchfun.Onthelastday,weconsidered62(take)abicycleride,butDr.Joyatothoughtheshouldcareaboutour63(safe),soheshowedusaroundthecity.Duringthewholevacation,wegot64wellwiththecouple.Theexperiencehasleftusawarmmemory.Ifeveryoneshowsakindhearttoothers,wewillmakeourworlda65(peace)place.七、讀寫結(jié)合（共兩節(jié)，滿分25分）第一節(jié)任務(wù)型閱讀（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）Whatdoyouoftendoduringthebreaksbetweenclasses?XiaoJingsheng,astudentfromBeijing.oftenhadtoruntothetoiletandthenbacktoclasswithnotimeforanythingelsebefore.Butnowthingsaredifferent.“Icanhavemoretimetorestandshareinterestingthingswithmyclassmates,”saidthe14-year-oldboy.Startingfromthisfallsemester(學(xué)期),studentsatprimaryandmiddleschoolsinBeijinghavelongerbreaksbetweenclasses.Theycanrestfor15minutes.Studentsnowcanspendmoretimeoutside,sotheycanbehealthierandhappier.Manyschoolshavespacesforreading,playingthepianoorevenplayingwithanimals.“Wehavesomeducksandrabbitsinourschool!”saidZhangBoren,a13-year-oldfromBeijing.“Wecanplaywiththemorexerciseontheplayground.Gettingclosertonatureisrelaxing.Itmakesourschoollifemoreenjoyable.”根據(jù)語篇內(nèi)容，用完整的句子回答問題。66．WhatdidXiaoJinghengoftendobetweenclassesbefore?67．HowlongisthebreakatprimaryandmiddleschoolinBeijingnow?68．Whocanplaywithanimalsbetweenclasses?69．Howisgettingclosertonature?70．Doyouwanttohavelongerbreaks?Why?第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（共1題，滿分15分）71．公眾健康日（7月7日），旨在倡導(dǎo)“全民健康，快樂為本”的理念。隨著生活水平的提高，健康越來越受到重視。你們準(zhǔn)備組織一個關(guān)于“健康”主題的演講活動，請你根據(jù)下面內(nèi)容，準(zhǔn)備一篇題為“Howtoliveahealthyandhappylife”的演講稿。Howtoliveahealthyandhappylife身體健康1.健康飲食；2.適當(dāng)鍛煉；3.充足睡眠。希望……（至少一點(diǎn)）要求：1.詞數(shù)80左右，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的地名、校名、人名等信息。HowtoliveahealthyandhappylifeHi,mydearclassmates,Nowwearepayingmoreandmoreattentiontoourhealth.Thenhowcanwestudentsliveahealthyandhappylife?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________That’sall.Thankyou!參考答案及試題解析1．A2．A3．B4．C5．A6．B7．D8．D9．A10．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講了KeilerRoberts和女兒在公園通過埃文斯頓公共圖書館的新書車便捷地借閱圖書，體驗(yàn)了社區(qū)圖書館服務(wù)的便利與多樣性。1．句意：Xia的身邊放著兩個芭比娃娃，它們坐著聽故事。sitting坐著；jumping跳；throwing扔；flying飛。根據(jù)“tolistenalongtothetale”可知，芭比娃娃是聽故事的狀態(tài)，坐著聽故事符合語境，故選A。2．句意：當(dāng)羅伯茨翻動帶有彩色圖片的書頁時，Xia的眼睛睜大了。turned翻動；wrote寫；created創(chuàng)造；left離開。根據(jù)“OnRoberts’lapwasalibrarybook,‘Thumbelina’”以及“thepageswithcolorfulpictures”可知，羅伯茨在看書，所以是翻動書頁，故選A。3．句意：如果你打開一朵花，里面有一個小女孩，那會是多么奇妙的事情??？outside在外面；inside在里面；behind在后面；away離開。根據(jù)“youopenedupaflowerandalittlegirlwas...”結(jié)合常識和童話情境，花里面有小女孩更符合語境，故選B。4．句意：這對母女是埃文斯頓公共圖書館新推出的圖書自行車所取悅的公園游客之一。between在兩者之間；around在周圍；among在三者及以上之中；above在上面。根據(jù)“parkvisitors”可知，游客不止兩人，母女是其中的一部分，故選C。5．句意：這是一輛機(jī)動自行車，帶有一個亮黃色的推車，里面裝滿了大約50種不同的書。bicycle自行車；car汽車；truck卡車；train火車。根據(jù)“theEvanstonPublicLibrary’snewbookbike”可知，這是一輛自行車，故選A。6．句意：這是一輛機(jī)動自行車，帶有一個亮黃色的推車，里面裝滿了大約50種不同的書。full滿的；filled充滿；carried攜帶；go去。根據(jù)“about50differentkindsofbooks”可知，推車?yán)锩嫜b滿了書，“filledwith”意為“充滿”，故選B。7．句意：圖書管理員吉爾·斯克斯基騎著這輛自行車去公園和社區(qū)中心，讓社區(qū)成員可以申請借書證、借書和注冊參加活動。owners主人；customers顧客；designers設(shè)計師；members成員。根據(jù)“ofthecommunity”可知，是社區(qū)成員，故選D。

8．句意：推車?yán)锏臅R爾科姆·格拉德威爾、約翰·格林和詹姆斯·帕特森等受歡迎的作家的作品，還有關(guān)于政治、歷史和自助的書籍。unknown未知的；strange奇怪的；similar相似的；popular受歡迎的。根據(jù)“suchasMalcolmGladwell,JohnGreenandJamesPatterson”可知，這些都是知名的、受歡迎的作家，故選D。9．句意：這個過程又快又簡單，特別是對于有借書證的家庭來說。especially特別；certainly當(dāng)然；importantly重要地；equally平等地。根據(jù)“forfamilieswhohadlibrarycards”可知，對于有借書證的家庭來說尤其簡單，故選A。10．句意：6歲的索菲·利維看著一推車的書，立刻找到了她最喜歡的莫·威廉姆斯的《快樂的小豬節(jié)！》，并告訴斯克斯基她有多喜歡這本書。dream夢想；hobby愛好；favorite最喜歡的事物；reason原因。根據(jù)“toldSkwerskihowmuchshelovedit”可知，她找到了自己最喜歡的書，故選C。11．C12．C13．B14．C15．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了交通的發(fā)展歷程，從古代的出行方式，到輪子、蒸汽機(jī)、汽車、飛機(jī)以及高鐵的發(fā)明和應(yīng)用，闡述了交通發(fā)展帶來的影響。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inancienttimes,peoplemainlytraveledonfootorbyridinganimalslikehorses.”可知，古代人們步行或騎動物出行，故選C。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Then,theinventionofthewheelchangedtransportation.”可知，輪子的發(fā)明在古代之后改變了交通，故選C。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthe19thcentury,thesteamenginewasinvented.Trainsandsteamshipsbecamepopular.”可知，蒸汽機(jī)發(fā)明后，火車和蒸汽船流行起來，故選B。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Airplanesmadelong-distancetravelmuchfaster.Now,high-speedtrainsarealsobecomingmoreandmorecommoninmanycountries.”和“Peoplecantraveltodifferentplacesmoreeasily”，飛機(jī)讓長途旅行更快，而高鐵也在國家中變得更加常見，交通方式的發(fā)展讓世界變得更小，可推斷其優(yōu)勢是讓長途旅行更快，故選C。15．主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章標(biāo)題“TheDevelopmentofTransportation”以及全文對不同時期交通方式的介紹可知，本文主要講的是交通發(fā)展的歷史，故選A。16．A17．B18．A19．B20．D【導(dǎo)語】本文敘述了作者遭遇臺風(fēng)的經(jīng)歷，提到了一些樹木有防御臺風(fēng)的作用，并呼吁我們要保護(hù)樹木。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wewereonourwayhome.”可知，臺風(fēng)來時，作者和媽媽正在回家的路上。故選A。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Wefeltthedifference.Westartedtowalkasfastaswecouldinordertogethomeinnotime.”可知，兩人感受到風(fēng)的異樣后，開始快速向家走。故選B。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itwassosharpthatwecouldn’tbreathe.”可知，凜冽的風(fēng)讓作者和媽媽不能呼吸。故選A。19．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Itmaydogreatdamage.”和“Itcanmakeeverythinguntidy!”可知，畫線詞所在句句意應(yīng)為“臺風(fēng)是世界上最嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害之一?！庇纱丝赏浦琩isasters意為“災(zāi)害”。故選B。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“However,naturealsoprovidesourfirstdefence(防御)againstthem—ourtyphoon-resilient(抗臺風(fēng)的)trees!Overtheyears,thesetreeshavesomewhatmanagedtoprotectpeoplefromtheharmfuleffectsoftyphoons.”可知，一些樹木能夠幫助我們抵御臺風(fēng)，它們在一定程度上削弱了臺風(fēng)的影響，因此它們應(yīng)該受到保護(hù)。D項“一些樹木對降低臺風(fēng)造成的破壞有很大作用”表述正確。故選D。21．C22．C23．C24．B25．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，對比了過去和現(xiàn)在的生活方式，涵蓋服裝制作、通信、娛樂方式以及現(xiàn)代生活的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthepast,peopleusedtomaketheirownclothesbyhand.”可知，過去人們制衣的方式是手工制作。故選C。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Communicationwasslow,mainlybywritingletters.”可知，過去的通信特點(diǎn)是緩慢的。故選C。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Inthepast,peoplehadfewerwaystoentertainthemselves.Theymightreadbooksorplaysimplegames.”可知，過去的娛樂形式是讀書或玩簡單游戲。故選C。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peopleareoftenstressedoutandhavelesstimefortheirfamilies.”可知，現(xiàn)代生活的問題是壓力和家庭時間減少。故選B。25．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，全文對比過去與現(xiàn)在生活的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，可推知，過去和現(xiàn)在的生活各有優(yōu)劣。故選C。26．C27．B28．F29．A30．E【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要介紹了中國科學(xué)家研發(fā)的機(jī)器人導(dǎo)盲犬，及其功能、優(yōu)勢和對盲人生活的潛在影響。26．根據(jù)“WiththehelpofcamerasandAI,therobotdogcansee,listenandspeakwithblindpeople…”（在攝像頭和人工智能的幫助下，機(jī)器人導(dǎo)盲犬可以看、聽并與盲人交流）可推知，此處需補(bǔ)充機(jī)器人當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)。選項C“該機(jī)器人目前正在上海測試?！迸c上下文銜接自然，說明其研發(fā)進(jìn)展。故選C。27．根據(jù)“TherobotdogisaboutthesizeofanEnglishbulldogbutalittlewider…Theextralegsmakeitmorestable”（機(jī)器人導(dǎo)盲犬體型與英國斗牛犬相近但更寬……額外的腿使其更穩(wěn)定）可推知，此處需解釋“更寬”和“額外腿”的具體信息。選項B“它有六條腿而非四條?！敝苯訉?yīng)“extralegs”，故選B。28．根據(jù)“41-year-oldLiFeiand42-year-oldZhuSibinarehelpingtesttherobot…Zhuoftenusesacanetomovearound”（41歲的李飛和42歲的朱思彬參與測試……朱常借助手杖行動）可推知，此處需說明兩人的視力狀況。選項F“李完全失明，朱僅能看見一點(diǎn)。”與后文朱使用手杖的行為邏輯一致，故選F。29．根據(jù)“Therobotdogwillmakeiteasiertogetintopublicplaces…Itcouldchangeourlivesinthenearfuture”（機(jī)器人導(dǎo)盲犬將更方便進(jìn)入公共場所……可能改變我們的生活）可推知，此處需表達(dá)測試者的積極態(tài)度。選項A“我很高興參與測試?！狈险Z境，故選A。30．根據(jù)“InChina,thereareabout17.31millionblindpeople,butonlyabout400guidedogs…‘Webelieveourrobotwillactasapairofeyes’”（中國有1731萬盲人，但僅400只導(dǎo)盲犬……“我們相信機(jī)器人將成為盲人的‘眼睛’）可推知，此處需說明機(jī)器人解決導(dǎo)盲犬短缺問題。選項E“新機(jī)器人正試圖解決這一問題?！迸c數(shù)據(jù)對比和科學(xué)家目標(biāo)直接對應(yīng)，故選E。31．modernization【解析】句意：這座城市的現(xiàn)代化令人驚嘆。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式，作主語，modernization“現(xiàn)代化”符合。故填modernization。32．knowledgeable【解析】句意：他雖然年輕，但知識淵博。句中“is”為系動詞，后面跟形容詞作表語。名詞knowledge的形容詞為knowledgeable，意為“博學(xué)的”。故填knowledgeable。33．progress【解析】句意：這座城市在教育方面取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。progress“進(jìn)步”，progress為不可數(shù)名詞，在句中作made的賓語。故填progress。34．education【解析】句意：貧困地區(qū)的孩子希望接受良好的教育。receive“接受”，是動詞，后接名詞；educate是動詞，其名詞形式是education，意為“教育”。故填education。35．development【解析】句意：中國的發(fā)展令世界矚目。空前的China’s是所有格形式，其后接名詞，所以空處應(yīng)用develop的名詞形式development，此處表示“發(fā)展”的整體概念，無需復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填development。36．condition【解析】句意：如果你想掌握新技能，適當(dāng)?shù)挠?xùn)練是一個重要的條件。根據(jù)中文提示“條件”可知，對應(yīng)的英文單詞為“condition”?！癱ondition”表示“條件”時為可數(shù)名詞，空格前有不定冠詞“an”，故用單數(shù)形式。故填condition。37．century【解析】句意：梅蘭芳的表演在20世紀(jì)受到人們歡迎。century“百年”，根據(jù)“inthe20th”可知，名詞用單數(shù)形式。故填century。38．developed【解析】句意：經(jīng)過多年的艱苦工作，科學(xué)家們終于開發(fā)了一種能挽救數(shù)百萬生命的治療方法。開發(fā)：develop，句子時態(tài)為一般過去時，動詞使用過去式。故填developed。39．except【解析】句意：全班同學(xué)昨天都很享受春游，除了西蒙，他因?yàn)榘l(fā)燒沒去。except“除了……以外”，介詞。故填except。40．wide【解析】句意：現(xiàn)在是晚上十一點(diǎn)，我的小妹妹還在玩，眼睛睜得大大地！根據(jù)中文提示，wide“充分地”符合題意，描述眼睛狀態(tài)時，“wideopen”是固定搭配，表示“眼睛睜得大大地”，故填wide。41．Inthiscentury【解析】inthiscentury“在這個世紀(jì)”，作狀語，句首首字母大寫。故填I(lǐng)nthiscentury。42．development【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，空處缺少內(nèi)容“發(fā)展”，development“發(fā)展”，此處表示“學(xué)生的發(fā)展”。故填development。43．modern【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，空處缺“現(xiàn)代的”的英文modern，修飾名詞artclass。故填modern。44．furthertheireducation【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照可知，此處應(yīng)填“深造”的英文表達(dá)，其英文表達(dá)是“furtherone’seducation”，動詞短語；又因?yàn)椤癱hoosetodosth.”表示“選擇做某事”，所以此處用動詞原形。故填furthertheireducation。45．development【解析】根據(jù)題干可知，空處缺少“發(fā)展”，應(yīng)用名詞development表示，固定搭配thedevelopmentof表示“……的發(fā)展”。故填development。46．changed47．wide48．used49．conditions50．development51．modern52．memories53．a(chǎn)lthough54．imagine55．belong【導(dǎo)語】本文描述了現(xiàn)在生活相比過去所發(fā)生的巨大變化。46．句意：在過去的幾十年里，我們的生活發(fā)生了很大的變化。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“alotinthepastfewdecades”可知，此句是說過去幾十年中，生活發(fā)生了很大改變。根據(jù)“has”可知，此句用現(xiàn)在完成時，其構(gòu)成為“has/havedone”。故填changed。47．句意：在過去，道路不寬，人們常常騎自行車或步行。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“bybikeoronfoot”可知，此句是說過去道路不寬。wide“寬的”，形容詞，在句中作表語。故填wide。48．句意：在過去，道路不寬，人們常常騎自行車或步行。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“totravel”可知，此句是說人們過去常常騎自行車或步行。usedtodosth.“過去常常做某事”，故填used。49．句意：房子很小，居住條件也不是很好。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“werenotverygood”可知，此句是說居住條件也不好。condition“條件，狀況”，根據(jù)系動詞“were”可知，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填conditions。50．句意：如今，隨著科技的發(fā)展，我們的生活變得越來越方便。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“oftechnology”可知，此句是說隨著科技的發(fā)展。develop“發(fā)展”，動詞，根據(jù)定冠詞“the”可知，此處用名詞development。故填development。51．句意：我們住在現(xiàn)代化的大樓里，可以乘汽車、火車或飛機(jī)來長途旅行。根據(jù)所給詞和前句“ourlifeisbecomingmoreandmoreconvenient”和句中“buildings”可知，此句是說住在現(xiàn)代化的大樓里。modern“現(xiàn)代的”，形容詞，在句中作定語。故填modern。52．句意：雖然現(xiàn)在的生活好多了，但我仍然對過去有許多甜蜜的回憶。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“ofthepast,”可知，此句是說仍然對過去有許多甜蜜的回憶。memory“回憶”，可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)修飾詞“many”可知，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填memories。53．句意：雖然現(xiàn)在的生活好多了，但我仍然對過去有許多甜蜜的回憶。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“l(fā)ifenowisbetter”可知，此句是說雖然現(xiàn)在生活好多了。although“雖然，即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。故填although。54．句意：很難想象未來的生活會是什么樣子。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“It'shardto”可知，此句是說很難想象未來生活的樣子。imagine“想象”，動詞，此處用動詞不定式作真正的主語，句中“It”為形式主語。故填imagine。55．句意：這些美好的東西屬于我們所有人。根據(jù)所給詞和句中“toallofus”可知，此句是說這些美好的東西屬于我們所有人。belongto“屬于”，動詞短語，此句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語“thesewonderfulthings”不是第三人稱單數(shù)，belong用原形。故填belong。56．simply57．led58．a(chǎn)59．tourists60．havelived61．when62．taking63．safety64．on65．peaceful【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者去年和朋友在日本度假時住在民宿的經(jīng)歷，以及與民宿主人的相處情況。56．句意：我們選擇它僅僅是因?yàn)樗奈恢煤芎谩８鶕?jù)“Wechoseit...(simple)because”可知，此處需用副詞修飾整個原因狀語從句，“simple”的副詞形式是“simply”，意為“僅僅；只”。故填simply。57．句意：我們見面后，他帶我們進(jìn)了他的房子。根據(jù)“Afterwemeteachother,he...(lead)usintohishouse”可知，文章描述過去發(fā)生的事，用一般過去時，“l(fā)ead”的過去式是“l(fā)ed”。故填led。58．句意：67歲退休后，他和妻子一起進(jìn)行了一次1000公里的徒步旅行。根據(jù)“...1,000-kilometerjourney”可知，“a”表示泛指“一次1000公里的旅行”，“1,000-kilometer”是以輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。59．句意：他們在旅途中遇到了許多善良的游客。根據(jù)“manykind...(tour)”可知，“many”后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，“tour”的名詞形式是“tourist”，復(fù)數(shù)為“tourists”。故填tourists。60．句意：Joyato博士告訴我：“自從我們有了這個民宿，來自44個不同國家的大約170人住過我家?！备鶕?jù)“sincewehadthishomestay”可知，此處需用現(xiàn)在完成時，結(jié)構(gòu)為“have/has+過去分詞”，主語“About170people”是復(fù)數(shù)，“l(fā)ive”的過去分詞是“l(fā)ived”。故填havelived。61．句意：第二天早上，當(dāng)我早上6點(diǎn)醒來時，房東正忙著為我們準(zhǔn)備早餐！根據(jù)“...Iwokeupat6:00am,ourhostwasbusypreparingbreakfast”可知，“when”意為“當(dāng)……時”，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。故填when。62．句意：最后一天，我們考慮騎自行車，但Joyato博士認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該關(guān)心我們的安全，所以他帶我們參觀了這座城市。根據(jù)“considered...(take)abicycleride”可知，“considerdoingsth.”是固定短語，意為“考慮做某事”，“take”的動名詞形式是“taking”。故填taking。63．句意：最后一天，我們考慮騎自行車，但Joyato博士認(rèn)為他應(yīng)該關(guān)心我們的安全，所以他帶我們參觀了這座城市。根據(jù)“careaboutour...(safe)”可知，“our”后接名詞，“safe”的名詞形式是“safety”，意為“安全”。故填safety。64．句意：在整個假期里，我們和這對夫婦相處得很好。根據(jù)“got...well