【英語(yǔ)】中考英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解匯編真題匯編(含答案)含解析一、中考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解匯編1．閱讀理解

WhoisthegreatestteacherinChinesehistory?Manypeoplewouldsay:Confucius（孔子）.September28ishisbirthday.Hewasbornover2,000yearsago,butpeoplestillrememberhimonthisday.ConfuciuslivedintheKingdomofLu,partoftoday'sShandongProvince.HelivedduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriod.Hischildhoodwassad.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasonly3andhehadtoworktohelphismother.ButyoungConfuciusdidn'tgiveupstudying.Hevisitedmanyfamousteachersandlearnedmusic,history,poetryandsports.

Later,hebecameateacherandstartedthefirstpublicschoolinChinesehistory.Atthattimeonlychildrenfromrichfamiliescouldgotoschool,butConfuciusbelievedeveryoneshouldgotoschooliftheywantedtolearn.Hehadabout3,000studentsinhislifetime.

Today,peoplestillfollowConfucius'lessons.Hetoldusthateveryonehassomethingworthytobelearned."WhenIamwiththreepeople,oneofthemmustbebetterthanmeinsomeareas.Iselecttheirgoodqualitiesandfollowthem.Itaketheirbadqualitiesandchangetheminmyself."Healsotaughtus,"Allstudybutnothinkingmakespeoplepuzzled（困惑的）.Allthinkingbutnostudymakespeoplelazy."

Confuciusisnotonlyagreatteacher,butalsoafamousthinkerwithwisethoughtsabouttheworldandsociety.Hismostimportantteachingsareaboutkindnessandgoodmanners."Akindpersonshouldcareforothers.Bestrictwithyourself,buthekindtoothers,"hesaid.（1）Confuciusstartedthefirstpublicschoolsothat.A.

hecouldfindhimselfajobasateacherB.

childrencouldlearnatschoolratherthanathomeC.

hecouldbethefirstteacherinChinesehistoryD.

childrenfrompoorfamiliescouldgotoschoolaswell（2）Confuciusnotonlygavelessonsbutalso.A.

encouragedpeopletobestrictB.

providedstudentswithpuzzlesC.

advisedpeopletobehavewellD.

taughtstudentshowtomakefriends（3）WhatcanwelearnfromConfuciusaccordingtothepassage?A.

Thinkingisveryimportantinstudy.B.

Wecanlearneverythingfromothers.C.

Weshouldalwayscareforourselves.D.

Learningmusicandsportsispopular.（4）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.

Confucius'teachingmethodsB.

AgreatmanwithahardchildhoodC.

ApersonwhochangedChinesehistoryD.

Confucius-agreatteacherandthinker【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文介紹了孔子，他不僅是一位偉大的老師，也是一位著名的思想家，他對(duì)世界和社會(huì)有著明智的思考。（1）推理題。根據(jù)hebecameateacherandstartedthefirstpublicschoolinChinesehistory.Atthattimeonlychildrenfromrichfamiliescouldgotoschool,butConfuciusbelievedeveryoneshouldgotoschooliftheywantedtolearn.Hehadabout3,000studentsinhislifetime.他成為一名教師，并開辦了中國(guó)歷史上第一所公立學(xué)校。那時(shí)只有富裕家庭的孩子才能上學(xué)，但是孔子認(rèn)為如果每個(gè)人都想學(xué)習(xí)，就應(yīng)該去上學(xué)。他一生大約有3000名學(xué)生可知孔子開辦了第一所公立學(xué)校使得貧困家庭的孩子也可以上學(xué)，故選D。（2）推理題。根據(jù)Confuciusisnotonlyagreatteacher,butalsoafamousthinkerwithwisethoughtsabouttheworldandsociety.Hismostimportantteachingsareaboutkindnessandgoodmanners."Akindpersonshouldcareforothers.Bestrictwithyourself,buthekindtoothers,"hesaid.孔子不僅是一位偉大的老師，也是一位著名的思想家，他對(duì)世界和社會(huì)有著明智的思考。他最重要的教導(dǎo)是關(guān)于善良和禮貌?！耙粋€(gè)善良的人應(yīng)該關(guān)心別人。對(duì)自己要求嚴(yán)格，但他對(duì)別人很好，”他說(shuō)?？芍鬃硬粌H上課，而且建議人們表現(xiàn)良好，故選C。（3）推理題。根據(jù)Healsotaughtus,"Allstudybutnothinkingmakespeoplepuzzled（困惑的）.Allthinkingbutnostudymakespeoplelazy."他還教導(dǎo)我們，“只學(xué)習(xí)不思考讓人迷惑（困惑的）。只思考不學(xué)習(xí)會(huì)讓人變懶。”可知思考在學(xué)習(xí)中非常重要，故選A。（4）主旨題。根據(jù)本文介紹了孔子，他不僅是一位偉大的老師，也是一位著名的思想家，他對(duì)世界和社會(huì)有著明智的思考可知Confucius-agreatteacherandthinker適合做標(biāo)題，故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及推斷題和主旨，推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息，主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2．閱讀理解

Aclassteacher,inmyopinion,playsanimportantroleinachild'sdevelopment.Everyyearwhenmydaughtermovestoanewclass?Ihaveausualbigworry-hernewclassteacher.Thisyear,sheismovingtoClassThreeandIcan'twaittoseehowthingsaregoingon.

Lastyear,mydaughterdidnotlikeherteacheratall.Itwassobadthatshedidnotlookforwardtoschool.Itwasayearfulloftroubleandworries.

Thisyear,MissPurityisgentleandhumorous.It'shardnottolikeher.Herearethechangesinmydaughter.

Shebecomesanearlybird.Lastyear,morningswerelikeafightbecauseIhadtoforceTashatohurryupwhenshewaspreparingforschool.Ihadtopullheroutofbed,tellhertotakebreakfastandthendrovehertoschool.Butnow,ourmorningsarelikeaparty.Shewakesupearly,prepareseverythingatahighspeedandthenrushestoschooltobewithMissPurity.

She'shappy.Sheenjoysschoolandschoolworkandkeepstalkingaboutwhattheydidatschoolwhenshecomeshome.

She'sresponsible.Sheusedtobecarelessandforgetful.Butnowsheneverforgetsevenherwaterbottleatschool.Shemakesherbedandhelpsinthekitchen.

Herdiaryisfullofpraise.Thediaryisthetoolofcommunicationbetweentheteacherandtheparents.Lastyear,herdiarywasalwaysfullofnegative（負(fù)面的）reports.Onetime,shepouredwaterinachild'slunchbox.Anothertimeshethrewanotherkid'stextbookinthetoilet.Nowshebeginstosharehersnackswiththosewhodonothaveanything.She'salwaysvolunteeringtocleantheblackboard,theteacher'schairanddesk.

Shedoeswellinschool.Finishingherclassworkwassuchabigproblem.Shehadtodoitathome.Butnow,shefinishesboththeclassworkandhomeworkatschool.（1）WhatisthebigworryofTasha'sparenteveryyear?A.

WhowillbeTasha'sclassteacher.

B.

WhichclassTashawillbein.C.

HowTashagoestoschoolinthemorning.

D.

WhatMissPuritylookslike.（2）WhatdidTashadowhenshedidn'tlikeherclassteacher?A.

Shehadafightwithhermotherinthemorning.B.

Shedidn'twanttogotoschool.C.

Shemissedalotofclasses.D.

Sherefusedtodoclassworkandhomework.（3）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutTasha'spast?A.

Shecouldn'tfinishherclassworkatschool.B.

Sheoftenforgotthingsatschool.C.

Shedidn'tgetonwellwithherclassmates.D.

Shewascarelessandsilent.（4）WhatisNOTmentionedaboutthechangesinTasha?A.

HerprogresswithMissPurity.B.

Herhobbies.C.

Herlivinghabit.D.

Herbehavioratschool.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介紹一個(gè)班主任在孩子的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中起著重要的作用。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一行Everyyearwhenmydaughtermovestoanewclass，Ihaveausualbigworry-hernewclassteacher每一年，當(dāng)我的女兒搬到了一個(gè)新的班級(jí)，我通常會(huì)有一個(gè)大煩惱-她的新班主任。可知，塔莎的父親每年最大的擔(dān)心是誰(shuí)將是塔莎的班主任，故答案為A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Itwassobadthatshedidnotlookforwardtoschool它是如此糟糕，她不想上學(xué)．可知，當(dāng)塔莎不喜歡班主任的時(shí)候，就不愿意去上學(xué)，故答案為B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Sheusedtobecarelessandforgetful她曾經(jīng)是粗心的和健忘的，可知，D選項(xiàng)"她很粗心的和沉默的"不正確．故答案為D。（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Butnow，shefinishedboththeclassworkandhomeworkatschool．但現(xiàn)在，她完成了在學(xué)校的功課和作業(yè)．可知，A選項(xiàng)"和Purity小姐呆在一起的進(jìn)步"提到了；根據(jù)Butnow，ourmorningsarelikeaparty．Shewakesupearly但是現(xiàn)在，我早上就像聚會(huì)．她很早就醒了，可知，C選項(xiàng)"她的生活習(xí)慣"提到了；根據(jù)he'salwaysvolunteeringtocleantheblackboard，theteacher'schairanddesk．他總是主動(dòng)擦黑板，老師的椅子和桌子．可知，D選項(xiàng)"她在學(xué)校的行為．"提到了；B選項(xiàng)"她的興趣"文中沒(méi)提到，故答案為B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文主要考查細(xì)節(jié)理解題，首先仔細(xì)閱讀文后的問(wèn)題，弄清問(wèn)題的大意；然后帶著問(wèn)題閱讀短文，抓住關(guān)鍵信息，選擇正確答案。3．閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?

Sometimeswefeelweareactingcorrectlywhenwedothesameasothers.Themorepeoplefollowanidea,thebetterortruerwethinktheideais.It'sthesocialproof（社會(huì)認(rèn)同感）thatworks.

ThescientistAschcarriedoutanexperiment.Itshowshowsocialproofcaninfluenceus.Inaroom,amanisshownLine1,andnexttoitarethreelines（A,B,C）.Aislonger,CisshorterandBisaslongasLine1.HemusttellwhichofthethreelinesisaslongasLine1.Whenthemanisalone,hegivesthecorrectanswerB.Then,fiveothermenentertheroom,andeachofthemgivestheanswerCastheyweretoldto.NowthemanchangeshisideaandgivestheanswerC.Aschgotthesameresultmanytimesamongdifferentsubjects（實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象）.

Whydoweactlikethis?Well,inthepast,followingotherswasawaytokeepfromdanger.Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting（打獵）withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiedothers'action.Itissodeeplyplantedinourmindthatwestilluseitnow.

Socialproofhasspecialpower.Theadvertisingindustry,forexample,oftenmakesuseofit.Sobecapfulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".（1）Atthebeginningofthepassage,thewriterleadsinthetopicby________.A.

tellingastory

B.

givingexamples

C.

answeringquestions

D.

showingamap（2）AccordingtoParagraph3,theexperimentbyAschshows________.A.

followingothersisalwaysright

B.

socialproofmaychangepeople'sideasC.

it'sdifficulttocarryouttheexperiment

D.

peoplecanstudybetteriftheyarealone（3）Theunderlinedword"It"inParagraphgrefersto________.A.

runningwithothers

B.

huntingwithfriendsC.

copyingothers'action

D.

doingsomethingdifferent（4）Accordingtothepassage,wecaninfer（推斷）that________.A.

it'simportanttorunwithothersanytimeB.

productsintheadvertisementarethebestC.

wemustn'tcopyothers'actiontokeepsafeD.

weneedtothinktwicebeforefollowingothers【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文通過(guò)幾個(gè)實(shí)例說(shuō)明了社會(huì)認(rèn)知感對(duì)人們的影響。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。

Inthepark,youseeagroupofpeople,alllookingupatthesky.Withoutthinkingaboutit,youlookupwards,too.Why?Intheconcert,someonebeginstoclapandsuddenlythewholeroomjoinsin.Youdo,too.Why?可知作者是通過(guò)實(shí)例說(shuō)明了一個(gè)論點(diǎn)社會(huì)認(rèn)同感的影響。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第三段的實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容主要講讓人們選擇一個(gè)正確答案，在一個(gè)人單獨(dú)思考的狀況下，可以答對(duì)；當(dāng)一群人一起看問(wèn)題，并告知他們前面的人選擇的一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤答案，他們就都選擇認(rèn)可前人回答的錯(cuò)誤答案，由此可知社會(huì)認(rèn)同感會(huì)讓人改變觀點(diǎn)。故選B。（3）詞意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)Supposethat5000yearsagoyouwerehunting（打獵）withfriends.Suddenly,theyallranaway.Whatwouldyouhavedone?Wouldyouhavestayed?No,youwouldhaverun,too.Wearedescendants（后代）ofthosewhocopiedothers'action.

這種觀念深深種在我們的腦海中并且現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)耘f在使用?？芍猧t指的是人們抄襲他人的行動(dòng)。故選C。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Sobecarefulwheneveracompanysaysitsproductis"themostpopular".因此無(wú)論何時(shí)當(dāng)一個(gè)公司說(shuō)它的產(chǎn)品是對(duì)受歡迎的要小心?？芍?dāng)我們?cè)诟鷱膭e人之前要再三考慮。故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查閱讀理解。先閱讀短文，了解短文大意，然后分析問(wèn)題，弄清題意，再帶著問(wèn)題閱讀短文，從短文的細(xì)節(jié)中找出問(wèn)題答案。對(duì)于推理判斷題要根據(jù)文章中相關(guān)的細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行推理判斷，不要主觀臆斷，要根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)確定。4．閱讀材料，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。

MarkZuckerberg,whostartsthesocialnetworkFacebook,oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork,includingtoimportantbusinessmeetings.Noteveryoneagreeswithhim.Somepeoplesayhedoesn'tlookseriousthisway.

HarvardBusinessSchoolresearcher,FrancescaGino,hasadifferentidea.Whilemostpeopleseemtothinkthatdressingdifferentlyfromthosearoundyougenerallyhasabadinfluence,shebelievesitcanactuallyhaveapositive（積極的）effect.Andshe'sdoneexperimentstosupportheridea.Whenherresearchers,wearingsportswear,visitedtheexpensiveshopsinItaly,theywereusuallyviewedaswealthierandmoreimportantpeoplethanthosewhowerewell-dressedindesignerclothes.

Dopeoplealwaysviewlessformal（正式的）clothingmorepositively?ResearchersinFrancetooktheirresearchoutintothestreet,tothegeneralpublic.Thevideotheymadeshowsanactordressedinawell-cutsuitandshinyshoes.Whilewalkingalongtheroad,hebeginstocoughbadly,stopstocatchhisbreathandfallsdown.Beforeheevencallsforhelp,peoplerushtohelphim.Inanothervideo,theactorappearsatthesamecrowdedplaceandrepeatstheactionsinexactlythesameway.Butthistime,noonecomestohelp.What'sthedifference?He'swearinguntidyclothesandlookslikeahomelessperson.Inasituationlikethis,theclothesyou'rewearingcouldmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

Itseemsthatourclothingdoesn'tonlychangethewayothersviewus,butalsothewayweseeourselves.Inanexperimenttestingstudents'abilitytopayattentiontodetails（細(xì)節(jié)）,thegroupwearingwhitelabcoatsdidthebest.Why?Researcherstoldthemthattheywerewearingthedoctors'coats.Theexperimentdidn'tshowwhethersuchinfluenceswouldlastlong.Moreexperimentsareneededinthefuturebeforewedecidetomakethedoctors'coatsamustoffashion.（1）MarkZuckerbergisnotconsideredseriousbysomepeoplebecause________.A.

hedoesnotlistentoothers'adviceB.

hesetsupanetworkofvideogamesC.

hewearsjeansandaT-shirttoworkD.

heoftenplaysjokesatbusinessmeetings（2）WhichofthefollowingisGino'sopinionaccordingtoParagraph2?A.

Itisnecessarytobuyexpensiveclothes.B.

Wearinglessformalclothesisinfactgood.C.

Itisbadtodressdifferentlyfrompeoplearoundyou.D.

Wearingsportsclothesmakesyoulooklessimportant.（3）InParagraph3,thewriterproves（證明）his（her）opinionmainly.A.

bygivingreasons

B.

byusingpictures

C.

bycomparingfacts

D.

bylistingnumbers（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.

Whatwewearmakesadifference.B.

Formalclothingmakesawiseman.C.

Ourvaluedependsonwhatwewear.D.

Ourclothinginfluencesourcharacters.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：介紹了衣著對(duì)人們的影響。我們的衣著不僅改變了別人對(duì)我們的看法，而且也改變了我們對(duì)自己的看法。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句MarkZuckerberg,whostartsthesocialnetworkFacebook,oftenwearsjeansandaT-shirttowork,includingtoimportantbusinessmeetings.Noteveryoneagreeswithhim.Somepeoplesayhedoesn'tlookseriousthisway.理解可知，Mark穿著牛仔褲與T恤衫參加正式會(huì)議，有些人認(rèn)為他不嚴(yán)肅，故選C。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Whenherresearchers,wearingsportswear,visitedtheexpensiveshopsinItaly,theywereusuallyviewedaswealthierandmoreimportantpeoplethanthosewhowerewell-dressedindesignerclothes.理解可知，穿著非正式服裝其實(shí)挺好的，故選B。（3）理解歸納題。通讀第三段我們可以看出，作者通過(guò)兩個(gè)實(shí)例來(lái)證明人們不一定總是積極地看待不太正式的服裝，人們有時(shí)還是以“貌”取人，故選C。（4）理解歸納題。通讀全文可知，人們的穿著可以對(duì)自己或他人產(chǎn)生很大的影響，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題等?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出主題句。5．閱讀理解

Vaccinesshouldkeeppeoplehealthyandawayfromthefearofdiseases.However,someproblematicvaccinesfoundinChinahavecausedbigworriesandangeramongpeoplerecently.

Since2011,12typesofvaccines,suchasvaccinesforrabiesandtheflu,havebeensoldillegallyin24provincial-levelareas.Togethertheyareworthmorethan570millionyuanandweresoldbyamotheranddaughtercrime（犯罪）team.

Themother,surnamedPang,onceworkedatahospitalinShandong.Afterleavingthehospital,Pangbegantosellvaccineswithoutalicence.Qualifiedcompaniesmadethevaccines,butPangdidnotkeepthematalowtemperature.Asaresult,thevaccinescouldlosetheireffect.

Pangandsomeothercriminalshavealreadybeenarrested.Localgovernmentsarestilltracing（追蹤）theproblematicvaccinesindifferentareas.

Althoughthegovernmentsareworkingonthecase,ithascausedworriesinthepublic.Someparentsworrythattheproblematicvaccinescouldbetoxic（有毒的）andrefusetotaketheirchildrentogetvaccinatedinhospitals.

ButaccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,thereislittleriskofthesevaccines,andtheyareseldomtoxic.TheWHOstillencouragesparentstoprotecttheirchildren'shealththroughvaccination.（1）HowmanytypesofproblematicvaccineshavebeenfoundinChina?A.

12.

B.

24.

C.

570.

D.

Notmentioned.（2）InParagraph3,thephrase"losetheireffect"means

.A.

有毒

B.

有害

C.

失效

D.

丟棄（3）Whydidthevaccineslosetheeffect？A.

Becausetheyweremadebyunqualifiedcompanies.B.

Becausetheywerenotkeptatalowtemperature.C.

Becausetheyweresoldbypeoplewithoutalicence.D.

Becausetheywerenotsoldinthehospitals.（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

Keepinghealthythroughvaccination

B.

ThepoliceandcriminalsC.

Bigworriesandanger

D.

Theproblematicvaccines【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：近年來(lái)中國(guó)的問(wèn)題疫苗引起人們的擔(dān)心，2011年山東疫苗案發(fā)生后，人們拒絕帶孩子去醫(yī)院注射疫苗，政府追回這些失效疫苗，并且世界健康組織證明了這些疫苗對(duì)孩子沒(méi)有危險(xiǎn)，也沒(méi)有毒。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段Since2011,12typesofvaccines,suchasvaccinesforrabiesandtheflu,havebeensoldillegallyin24provincial-levelareas。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段

Qualifiedcompaniesmadethevaccines,butPangdidnotkeepthematalowtemperature，可知losetheireffect

意思是失去它們的影響，就是失效了，故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第三段

Qualifiedcompaniesmadethevaccines,butPangdidnotkeepthematalowtemperature，故選B。（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段thereislittleriskofthesevaccines,

andtheyareseldomtoxic.，通過(guò)世界健康組織可知，這些疫苗沒(méi)什么危險(xiǎn)，而且沒(méi)有毒。故選D。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察閱讀理解題，這是一篇敘述文，講述了山東疫苗案前后的事情，在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，聯(lián)系上下文語(yǔ)境，就能選出正確答案。6．閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的（A、B、C和D）四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

In1901,KarlLandsteiner,anAustrianscientist,discoveredthattherearefourtypesofblood.ThesefourbloodtypeswerenamedA,B,ABandO.Peoplehaveoneofthesefourtypes.BloodtypeOisthemostcommonaroundtheworld.BloodtypeAisthesecondmostcommon,andtypeABistheleastcommon.IfpeoplewithtypeAbloodaregiventypeBblood,orpeoplewithtypeBaregiventypeAblood,theywillprobablydie.

In1927,aJapanesedoctorFurukawaTakeji,carriedoutresearchandcameupwiththeideathatpeoplewithdifferentbloodtypesalsohaddifferentpersonalities.HesaidthatpeoplewithtypeAbloodareusuallycalmandserious;peoplewithtypeBbloodarecurious,cheerfulandoutgoing;andpeoplewithtypeObloodaregenerousandhonest;whilethosewithtypeABbloodareoftencaring,originalandcareful.

Morerecently,adoctorintheUnitedStateswroteabookthatlinksbloodtypesandwhatpeoplecat.Forexample,hisbooksuggestspeoplewithtypeObloodshouldcatmoremeatandlessbreadAdietforpeoplewithtypeAbloodincludesmorevegetablesHisbook,EatRightforYourType,hasbeenahitwithpeoplewhowanttoloseweight.However,Dr.PeterD'Adamobelievesthateatingfoodthatmatchesaperson'sbloodtypecandomorethanhelpthemloseweight.Hethinksitwillmakethepersonhealthierinotherways,too.（1）WhatdidKarlLandsteinerdiscover?A.

Bloodisdividedintofourtypes.B.

Therearefourtypesofpersonality.C.

BloodtypeOisthesecondmostcommon.D.

Bloodfromonepersoncanbegiventoanother.（2）WhoareinterestedinEatRightforYourType?A.

Austrianpeople.

B.

Peoplewithtypeoblood.C.

Peoplewhoaretooheavy.

D.

Peoplewhoareworriedabouttheirblood.（3）WhichisWRONGaboutbloodtypeAB?A.

Itistheleastcommon.

B.

Peoplewiththistypeloseweighteasily.C.

ItwasdiscoveredbyKarlLandsteiner.

D.

Peoplewiththistypearesaidtobeoriginal.（4）What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.

Whatbloodisinourbodies.

B.

Importantpartsofourblood.C.

Whybloodtypescannotbemixed.

D.

Threemenwhostudiedblood.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了人們對(duì)不同的血型的觀點(diǎn)和看法。（1）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章ThesefourbloodtypeswerenamedA,B,ABandO.

可知這名醫(yī)生發(fā)現(xiàn)了血型有四種。故選A。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文AdietforpeoplewithtypeAbloodincludesmorevegetablesHisbook,EatRightforYourType,hasbeenahitwithpeoplewhowanttoloseweight.

可知這名醫(yī)生關(guān)注肥胖和血型之間的關(guān)系，故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)原文However,Dr.PeterD'Adamobelievesthateatingfoodthatmatchesaperson'sbloodtypecandomorethanhelpthemloseweight.

可知任何一種血型，只要吃的食物符合血型，都可以減肥，從未提及AB血型不容易減肥，故選B。（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章提到的，第一段到第三段主要介紹了三位醫(yī)生對(duì)不同血型的看法，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題和主旨題三種?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案；推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7．閱讀理解

My14-year-oldson,John,andIsawthecoatatthesametimeinasecond-handclothingstore.Itstoodoutamongbigandoldcoats.Itwassobeautifulandhadanunbelievableprice,$28.Ilookedatmysonandwebothsaidnothing,butJohn'seyesshone.Dark,woolencoatswerepopularwithteenageboys,butnewonescouldcostseveralhundreddollars.Thiscoatwasevenbetter.Johntrieditonandturnedfromsidetoside,eyeinghimselfinthemirror.Itfithimsowell.

Johnworethecoaltoschoolthenextclay.Afterhecamehome,Iasked."Didthekidslikeyourcoat?"

"Theylovedit,"hesaidwithabiggrin.

Overthenextfewweeks,Johnchanged.Hewaspolite,lessargumentative,morethoughtful,andmuchhappier."Gooddinner,Mom,"hewouldsayeveryevening.Withoutawordofcomplaining,hewouldcarryinwoodforthestove.OnedaywhenIsuggestedthathemightstartonhishomeworkbeforedinner,John,whoalwaysputthingsoff,said,"You'reright.IguessIwill."WhenImentionedthischangetooneofhisteachers,shejokedthatthecoatmusthavechangedhim.

JohnandIbothknowweshouldneverjudgeapersonbyhisclothes.Butitistruethatwhenwearingbeautifulandsuitableclothes,wemaytrytobebetterinthought,speechandbehaviortomatchwhatisontheinsidetowhatisontheoutside.（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.

Thepriceofthecoatwastoohigh.B.

Johnlikedthecoatverymuch.C.

Theyoftenwentshoppingtogether.D.

Thewriterdidn'twanttobuythecoat.（2）WhatdidJohnusetodowhenhewasaskedtostudy?A.

Startatonce.B.

Putoffhishomework.C.

Workhardonschoolwork.D.

Carryinwoodforthestove.（3）WhichofthefollowingchangesdidNOThappentoJohnafterheworethecoat?A.

Hewaswillingtofollowsuggestions.B.

Heoftenhelpedtodosomehousework.C.

Healwaysworriedabouthisstudy.D.

Hesaidsweetwordstomakehismotherhappy.（4）Whatdoesthewriterwanttosaythroughthispassage?A.

Whatwewearcouldhelpshapewhoweareinside.B.

Lifeisfullofpossibilitieswhenweareyoung.C.

Weshouldnotjudgepeoplebytheirappearance.D.

It'sagoodchoicetotrydifferentthingsinourlives.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文通過(guò)講述兒子自從穿了一件新的衣服后，整個(gè)人發(fā)生了變化，變得禮貌了，更快樂(lè)，愿意聽從建議了，也愿意說(shuō)些話讓作者高興了，從而得出結(jié)論，我們穿的衣服也會(huì)影響我們的內(nèi)在。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句Ilookedatmysonandwebothsaidnothing,butJohn'seyesshone.

可知他喜歡這件外套。故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中倒數(shù)第二段OnedaywhenIsuggestedthathemightstartonhishomeworkbeforedinner,John,whoalwaysputthingsoff???可知John經(jīng)常拖延做作業(yè)，故選B。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Johnchanged．Hewaspolite，lessargumentative，more

thoughtful，andmuchhappier．"Gooddinner，mom．"hewouldsayeveryevening．Withoutawordofcomplaining，hewouldcarryinwoodforthestove．約翰變了，他彬彬有禮，不愛爭(zhēng)論，更體貼，更快樂(lè)．"晚餐好，媽媽．"他每天晚上都會(huì)這樣說(shuō)．一句怨言也沒(méi)有，他就會(huì)把木頭放到爐子里．可知，C選項(xiàng)"他總是擔(dān)心他的學(xué)習(xí)．"，沒(méi)發(fā)生，故選C。（4）主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的總結(jié)Butitistruethatwhenwearingbeautifulandsuitableclothes,wemaytrytobebetterinthought,speechandbehaviortomatchwhatisontheinsidetowhatisontheoutside.可知，作者想告訴我們，我們穿什么衣服可以幫助塑造我們是誰(shuí)。故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題和主旨題等?？碱}型，細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中抓住關(guān)鍵詞尋找答案；主旨題需要通讀全文，了解大意之后找出主題句。8．閱讀理解

Bike-sharinghassweptacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingbikeridinginsteadofdriving.ThebikethattheservicecompanyprovideshasGPSorBluetoothonit,andthosebikescanbeeasilyunlockedwithasmartphoneandleftanywhereinpublic.Bike-sharingallowspeopletoborrowabikefromoneplaceandreturnitatanotherplaceeasily.

Insomecities,wecanseemoreandmorepeopleridingthiskindofsharing-bikes.It'sveryconvenienttousethebikesifyouhaveasmartphone.First,youhavetodownloadsuchanapponyoursmartphone.Thenwhatyouneedtodoisfindanearesthikethroughtheapp,scantheQRcodeonthebikeorconnectyourphonewiththebikeoveraBluetoothwirelessconnection.Youwillfindthebikecanbeunlockeditself.Thenyoucanenjoyyourtrip.What'smore,thegreatestadvantageofhike-sharingisthatyoucaneasilyfindoneandneverworryaboutwheretoparkit.Thecostofridingdependsonthetimethatyouspend.Normally,everyhouryouride,youneedtopayoneyuan.Itdoesn'tcostsomuch,doesit?

Atthesametime,somepeopleparkthehikesintheirownhomes.Besides,somepeopledon'tvaluethebikes.Nowservicecompaniesaretryingtosolvetheproblemslikebeingstolen.

Technologyandsciencehavechangedoursociallifestyles.Wehavetosaybike-sharingbringsusmoreconveniencewithoutdoubt.Andwealsohopethatpeoplecannotonlyenjoyitbutalsoputittogooduse.（1）Fromthefirstparagraph,weknow______.A.

bike-sharingisinventedinChinaB.

sharing-bikesareusedbysomepeopleC.

mostpeopleincitiesdontdriveD.

sharing-bikescanbeborrowedanywhere（2）IIyouwanttouseasharing-bike,youmust_________first.A.

haveasmartphoneanddownloadanappB.

downloadanappandpayforthetripC.

unlockthebikeanddownloadanappD.

findanearestbikeandborrowitfromanyone（3）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthispassage?A.

Bike-sharingisverycheap.B.

Sharing-bikesmaybestolen.C.

Sharing-bikesareeasytounlock.D.

Bike-sharingisakindofgreentransport.（4）Thepassageprobablycomesfroma________.A.

sciencetextbook

B.

touristguide

C.

websitenewsreport

D.

restaurantmenu【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是講述了共享單車在中國(guó)越來(lái)越受歡迎。如果想使用共享單車，必須要有一個(gè)智能手機(jī)并下載一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序。它使用起來(lái)非常方便，而且價(jià)格也很便宜。但是現(xiàn)在有的人不愛惜自行車，到處亂放，還有自行車被偷盜現(xiàn)象，服務(wù)公司正試圖解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)自行車共享給我們的出行帶來(lái)了更多的便利，我們要很好地利用它。（1）推理題。根據(jù)

Bike-sharingallowspeopletoborrowabikefromoneplaceandreturnitatanotherplaceeasily自行車共享讓人們可以很容易地從一個(gè)地方借自行車，然后在另一個(gè)地方歸還，可知一些人使用共享自行車，故選B。（2）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文中句子“It'sveryconvenienttousethebikesifyouhaveasmartphone.First,youhavetodownloadsuchanAPPonyoursmartphone.”（如果你有智能手機(jī)，使用自行車非常方便。首先，你必須在智能手機(jī)上下載這樣的應(yīng)用程序。）可知，如果你想使用共享單車，你必須先有一個(gè)智能手機(jī)并下載一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序，故選A。（3）細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文中句子“ThebikethattheservicecompanyprovideshasGPSorBluetoothonit.Andthosebikescanbeeasilyunlockedwithasmartphoneandleftanywhereinpublic.”可知，共享單車很容易解鎖；根據(jù)“Nowservicecompaniesaretryingtosolvetheproblemlikebeingstolen.”可知，共享自行車可能會(huì)被盜；根據(jù)“Thecostofridingdependsonthetimethatyouspend.Normally,everyhouryouride,youneedtopayoneyuan.Itdoesn'tcostsomuch,doesit?”可知，使用共享單車比較便宜；Bike-sharingisakindofgreentransport，自行車共享是一種綠色交通工具，文章沒(méi)有提及，故選D。（4）推理題。A科學(xué)教科，B旅游指南，C網(wǎng)站新聞報(bào)道，D餐館菜單，根據(jù)本文是講述了共享單車在中國(guó)越來(lái)越受歡迎。如果想使用共