語法專題突破專題四非謂語動詞英語2026高中總復(fù)習(xí)優(yōu)化設(shè)計GAOZHONGZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI內(nèi)容索引增素能精準(zhǔn)突破測效果課堂評價增素能精準(zhǔn)突破一、作定語【真題語境】◆動詞-ing形式1.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto

(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.

◆動詞不定式2.(全國Ⅱ卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans

(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.

◆動詞-ed形式3.(2022·全國乙卷)“Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha

(share)futureformankind,”hesaid.

visitingtoretireshared【用法點(diǎn)撥】

不定式動詞不定式作定語與所修飾的詞之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系、動賓關(guān)系或同位關(guān)系:①表示將來的動作;②修飾被序數(shù)詞、最高級或no/all/any/only等限定的詞;③用來修飾的詞是抽象名詞。Theboyisoftenthefirsttocome.動詞-ing形式動詞-ing形式與被修飾的名詞之間為主謂關(guān)系或表示正在進(jìn)行的、主動的動作(havingdone/havingbeendone不作定語)。Theboyswimminginthelakeismybrother.動詞-ed形式動詞-ed形式與被修飾的名詞之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,表示已經(jīng)完成或被動。Theretiredworkerissweepingthefallenleavesontheroad.二、作狀語【真題語境】◆動詞-ing形式1.(新高考Ⅱ卷)Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,

(think)itisfood.

2.(全國甲卷)After

(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!

thinkingspending

3.(2023·全國乙卷)

(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,Iwasamazedbytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遺產(chǎn))whileconstantlygrowing.

4.(全國Ⅱ卷)China'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile

(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank'sJuergenVoegele.

Havingvisitedfeeding◆動詞不定式5.(新高考Ⅱ卷)Idecidedtodosomething

(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.

6.(浙江卷)Mary'ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover

(plant)flowersinthefrontyard.

7.(全國乙卷)Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(遠(yuǎn)足)andaccommodationsaim

(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

8.(2023·全國甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)

(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.

9.(全國Ⅱ卷)Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough

(cool)thehouseduringthehotday.

toeducatetoplanttohavetoteachtocool10.(全國Ⅱ卷)Theyareeasy

(care)forandmakegreatpresents.

11.(全國Ⅰ卷)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive

(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.

12.(全國Ⅰ卷)Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong

(see)thebenefit.

13.(全國Ⅱ卷)Anotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice

(improve)waterquality.

14.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

tocaretoperformtoseetoimprovetoincrease【用法點(diǎn)撥】

不定式①表示目的。Icomeheretosaygood-byetoyou.②表示結(jié)果:onlytodo;enoughtodo;so/such...astodo;too...todo。③表示原因等。We'reproudtobeyoungpeopleofChina.動詞-ing形式①表示時間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、行為方式或伴隨情況等。Usingyourhead,you'llfindagoodway.②一般式表示與主句同時進(jìn)行。Theyeatusingthefingersoftheirrighthands.③完成式強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞之前。Havingvisitedthelab,thevisitorswenttothelibrary.動詞-ed形式與主句主語之間是動賓關(guān)系。Whenaskedherfutureplans,thegirlsaidthatshewantedtobeateacher.【點(diǎn)津】以下是獨(dú)立成分作狀語,其形式不受前后文的影響。considering/giventhat...鑒于/考慮到……generallyspeaking一般來說judgingby/from...依據(jù)……來判斷supposing/providingthat...假如……owingto...由于……totellthetruth實(shí)話實(shí)說speakingof...談及……tobehonest老實(shí)說三、作補(bǔ)足語【真題語境】◆動詞-ing形式1.(全國Ⅲ卷)Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds

(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.

◆動詞-ed形式2.(全國Ⅱ卷)Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes__________(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

surroundingdecorated◆動詞不定式3.(全國Ⅲ卷)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme

(stay)andwatch.

4.(2022·全國甲卷)Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asafirststep

(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.

tostaytojourney【用法點(diǎn)撥】

不定式有些動詞或動詞短語后接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,即“動詞(短語)+賓語+todo”,如advise,want,allow,permit,persuade,remind,invite,dependon,callon等動詞-ing形式動詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時,句中的賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系動詞-ed形式動詞-ed形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時,表示被動和完成,賓語補(bǔ)足語與賓語之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.IfoundherlisteningtotheradiowhenIpassedby.【點(diǎn)津】find,leave,keep后一般跟動詞-ing形式和動詞-ed形式作補(bǔ)足語,而不跟動詞不定式。Whatyousaidleftmethinking.四、作主語和賓語【真題語境】◆動詞-ing形式1.(2023·全國乙卷)Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears_______(record)everythingIdiscovered.

2.(全國Ⅰ卷)Scientistshaverespondedby

(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.

3.(全國Ⅱ卷)Theyrepresenttheearth

(come)backtolifeandbestwishesfornewbeginnings.

recordingnotingcoming4.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)NomatterwhereIbuythem,though,onesteamerbasketisrarelyenough,yettwoseemsgreedy,andsoIamalwaysleft

(want)morenexttime.

5.(全國Ⅰ卷)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof

(die)earlybyrunning.

6.(全國Ⅲ卷)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid

(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.

7.(浙江卷)Istillremember

(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshockedwhenIlearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.

8.(2022·全國甲卷)Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi'antoKashgaronSept.20,

(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.

wantingdyinglookingvisitingplanning◆動詞不定式9.(全國甲卷)Itispossible

(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.10.(2022·全國乙卷)

(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,invitingtwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

towalkTostrengthen【用法點(diǎn)撥】

非謂語動詞作主語作賓語不定式表具體的或一次性的動作,特別是將來的動作。常用句型:It's+adj.+for/ofsb+todosth1.動詞的賓語。只能跟不定式作賓語的動詞和動詞短語有:beg,offer,wish,hope,decide,refuse,promise,pretend,manage,want,plan,fail,choose,wouldlike等。2.少數(shù)介詞,如but,except后可跟不定式作賓語,如:Nowhehadgivenhimselfnochoicebuttotellher.非謂語動詞作主語作賓語動詞-ing形式表示一般性、習(xí)慣性的動作,或抽象性的動作,或表示主語的特征。常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)中:①Itisnouse/good/fun/nicedoing...;Itis/wasuselessdoingsth;It'sawasteoftimedoingsth②Thereisnodoing...1.動詞的賓語。只能跟動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞和動詞短語有:suggest,imagine,mind,admit,practise,risk,keep,avoid,escape,enjoy,consider,finish,miss,keepon,insiston,lookforwardto,feellike,getdownto,objectto等。2.介詞的賓語,如:Theyareallinterestedinclimbingmountains.動詞-ed形式不能作主語不能作賓語五、作表語【真題語境】1.(全國Ⅲ卷)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoidlookingdirectlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeel

(challenge).

2.(浙江卷)Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto

(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.

challengedhavebecome【用法點(diǎn)撥】

非謂語動詞作表語不定式表具體的或一次性的動作,特別是將來的動作。Whoistoblameforit?動詞-ing形式表示一般性、習(xí)慣性的動作,或抽象性的動作,或表示主語的特征。Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.動詞-ed形式說明主語的狀態(tài),或表示被動動作。Thecityissurroundedbymountains.測效果課堂評價一、練時鮮◆語法填空1.MorethanamilliontonsofradioactivewateriscurrentlybeingstoredattheFukushimapowerplantinamassivetankfarmbigenough

(fill)500Olympic-sizedswimmingpools.

2.Thestudy

(base)onanApril2021surveyof1,200parentsandteensisthefirstsuchstudyinJapan.

tofill

based

3.NorwegianJeanetteHeggDuestadwasthedarkhorseinthequalification,

(set)anOlympicrecordof632.9points.

4.Theschoolprovidesfreeeducationtogirlswhowouldotherwisehavehadnochance

(study)aftercompletingtheirnineyearsofcompulsoryeducation.

setting

tostudy二、練模擬◆單句語法填空1.(廣東聯(lián)考)Bathingmachinesweremadeavailableforpeopletoget_______(change)in.Itwasbeachetiquette(禮儀)tousethem,particularlyforwomen.

2.(河南鄭州質(zhì)量檢測)Itistheplacewherepeoplecango

(ease)stress,forgetabouttroublesandgetabreakfrombusycitylife.

3.(2025·八省1月份聯(lián)考)Thegoalwastwo-fold:

(celebrate)culturaldiversityaswellastopromotetheequaluseofallsixtongues.

changed

toease

tocelebrate4.(2023·福建寧德重點(diǎn)中學(xué)高三一模)Exercising,particularlyoutdoors,driveshugementalhealthbenefits,rangingfromreducingdepressionandanxietyto

(enhance)self-esteem(自尊心).

5.(2023·浙江高三5月聯(lián)考)Theministrywillmakecontinuousefforts

(increase)theproportionofgreenbuildings,raisebuildingenergyefficiencystandardsandpopularizebuildingswithextra-lowenergyconsumptioninregionswithsuitableclimateconditions.

6.(2023·廣西玉林高三三模)

(control)throughsticksandstrings,puppets(木偶)candovariousmovementsvividly.

enhancingtoincreaseControlled7.(河北唐山二模)Thisphenomenonhasbeennamedthe“productioneffect”,whichmeansthatproducing

(write)words—namely,readingthemoutloud—improvesourmemoryofthem.

8.(福建福州質(zhì)檢)While

(realise)hisexpectation,Wangisalsoproudthattheorchestra'sbirthanddevelopmentarealsoaneffortofprotectingtheenvironment.

9.(山東濰坊一模)Scientistssaythe

(rise)whalesightingsarelikelyrelatedtopurerwaterandabrimmingbuffetofAtlanticmenhaden,afishfavouredbyhumpbacks.

10.(江蘇南京、鹽城二模)Manycouplescarefullychoosefavorabledate

(bring)successtotheirmarriage.

written

realisingrising

tobring三、練語篇◆語篇填空We'veseenaworldwidehealthcrisisbringouttheworstinsomepeople,butfortunately,we'vealsobeenable1.

(see)itbringoutthebestinothers.

AtaxidriverinSpainhasbeenprovidingCOVID-19patientswithfreeridestoandfromthehospitals.Doctorsandnurseswantedtosurprisehimwiththeirthanksfor2.

(help)out.Theytrickedhimdowntothehospitalund