高中英語被動語態(tài)練習(xí)題集一、考點(diǎn)梳理被動語態(tài)是高中英語語法的核心考點(diǎn)之一，主要考查時態(tài)與被動的結(jié)合、情態(tài)動詞被動、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)及主動表被動等內(nèi)容。以下是核心考點(diǎn)的梳理：（一）基本結(jié)構(gòu)被動語態(tài)的基本形式為：助動詞be+過去分詞（done）。根據(jù)時態(tài)變化，助動詞be的形式需調(diào)整，常見時態(tài)的被動結(jié)構(gòu)如下：時態(tài)被動結(jié)構(gòu)示例一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+doneTheclassroomiscleanedeveryday.一般過去時was/were+doneTheletterwaswrittenyesterday.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時am/is/are+being+doneThebridgeisbeingbuiltnow.過去進(jìn)行時was/were+being+doneThehousewasbeingpaintedatthattime.現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+been+doneTheworkhasbeenfinished.一般將來時willbe+done/am/is/aregoingtobe+doneTreeswillbeplantedtomorrow.過去將來時wouldbe+done/was/weregoingtobe+doneHesaidthebookwouldbepublishednextmonth.（二）情態(tài)動詞被動結(jié)構(gòu)：情態(tài)動詞（must/can/should/may等）+be+done。示例：Theproblemmustbesolvedsoon.（這個問題必須盡快解決。）（三）特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.get+done：表示“意外或突然發(fā)生的被動動作”（替代be動詞，更口語化）。示例：Hegothurtintheaccident.（他在事故中受傷了。）2.beworthdoing：表示“值得做”（主動形式表被動意義）。示例：Thebookisworthreading.（這本書值得一讀。）3.need/want/require+doing：表示“需要做”（=need/want/requiretobedone）。示例：Theroomneedscleaning.（房間需要打掃。）=Theroomneedstobecleaned.（四）主動表被動以下情況用主動形式表示被動意義：1.感官動詞（taste/smell/sound/feel/look）+形容詞：示例：Thesouptastesdelicious.（湯嘗起來很美味。）2.不及物動詞（sell/write/read/wash/wear）表示主語特性：示例：Thispenwriteswell.（這支筆寫起來很順。）；Theshirtwasheseasily.（這件襯衫容易洗。）3.be+形容詞（easy/hard/difficult等）+todo：不定式邏輯賓語是句子主語。示例：Theproblemiseasytosolve.（這個問題容易解決。）（五）被動與復(fù)合句結(jié)合被動語態(tài)常與定語從句、主語從句等復(fù)合句結(jié)合，考查上下文邏輯及時態(tài)一致性。示例：Thebookthatwaswrittenbyhimisverypopular.（他寫的那本書很受歡迎。）（定語從句中的被動）二、分題型練習(xí)（一）單項選擇（15題）解題技巧：先判斷主語與動詞的被動關(guān)系，再根據(jù)時間狀語確定時態(tài)，最后選擇對應(yīng)結(jié)構(gòu)。1.Theclassroom______everydaybythestudents.A.cleansB.iscleanedC.cleanedD.wascleaned2.Thebridge______now.Wecan'tcrossit.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.buildsD.built3.Theproblem______soon.A.mustsolveB.mustbesolvedC.mustsolvedD.mustbesolving4.Thispen______well.Iwanttobuyone.A.writesB.iswrittenC.wroteD.waswritten5.Theroom______now.Let'sdoitlater.A.needscleaningB.needstocleanC.needscleanedD.needsbeingcleaned6.Thecake______delicious.Wouldyoulikesome?A.tastesB.istastedC.tastedD.wastasted7.Theletter______byTomyesterday.A.wroteB.iswrittenC.waswrittenD.haswritten8.Thework______byusyet.Weneedtohurry.A.hasn'tfinishedB.hasn'tbeenfinishedC.didn'tfinishD.wasn'tfinished9.Thetrees______tomorrowmorning.A.willplantB.willbeplantedC.plantD.areplanted10.Thebook______bymanypeoplesinceitwaspublished.A.hasreadB.hasbeenreadC.readD.wasread11.He______intheaccidentlastweek.A.gothurtB.washurtedC.hurtD.ishurt12.Theproblem______byhimyesterday.A.wassolvingB.wasbeingsolvedC.solvedD.wassolved13.Themovie______now.Let'sgotoseeit.A.isshowingB.isbeingshownC.showsD.showed14.Thedress______well.It'smadeofsilk.A.washesB.iswashedC.washedD.waswashed15.Thehomework______bytomorrowmorning.A.musthandinB.mustbehandedinC.mustbehandinginD.musthavehandedin（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換（10題）要求：將主動句改為被動句，保持原意不變。1.Theycleantheclassroomeveryday.→Theclassroom______everydaybythem.2.Hewrotetheletteryesterday.→Theletter______byhimyesterday.3.Wehavefinishedthework.→Thework______byus.4.Theywillplanttreestomorrow.→Trees______tomorrowbythem.5.Youmusthandinyourhomework.→Yourhomework______byyou.6.Sheiscookingdinnernow.→Dinner______byhernow.7.Theywerebuildingthebridgeatthattime.→Thebridge______bythematthattime.8.Hehadfinishedtheprojectbeforeheleft.→Theproject______byhimbeforeheleft.9.Wearegoingtoholdapartynextweek.→Aparty______byusnextweek.10.ShecanspeakEnglishwell.（提示：English作主語）→English______wellbyher.（三）短文改錯（5題）要求：找出每句中的一處錯誤并改正。1.TheletterwaswrotebyTomyesterday.2.Thebookissellwellinthebookstore.3.Theproblemcansolvedbyhimeasily.4.Thecakeistasteddelicious.5.Theroomneedsbeingcleaned.（四）語篇填空（10題）要求：用括號內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（注意被動語態(tài)的使用）。1.（build）TheGreatWall______overtwothousandyearsago.2.（clean）Theclassroom______everymorningbythestudents.3.（solve）Theproblem______already,sowecangohomenow.4.（visit）Themuseum______bymanypeopleeveryday.5.（show）Themovie______nowinthecinema.6.（write）Thenovel______byafamouswriterlastyear.7.（finish）Thework______byusnextweek.8.（hurt）He______intheaccidentyesterday.9.（wash）Thisshirt______easily.10.（need）Thecar______repairing.三、答案解析（一）單項選擇1.B（一般現(xiàn)在時被動：classroom與clean是被動關(guān)系，everyday提示一般現(xiàn)在時）2.B（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時被動：now提示進(jìn)行時，bridge與build是被動關(guān)系）3.B（情態(tài)動詞被動：must+be+done）4.A（主動表被動：write表示筆的特性，用主動形式）5.A（needdoing=needtobedone：房間需要打掃）6.A（感官動詞主動表被動：taste+形容詞，用主動形式）7.C（一般過去時被動：yesterday提示過去時，letter與write是被動關(guān)系）8.B（現(xiàn)在完成時被動：yet提示否定，work與finish是被動關(guān)系）9.B（一般將來時被動：tomorrow提示將來時，trees與plant是被動關(guān)系）10.B（現(xiàn)在完成時被動：since提示完成時，book與read是被動關(guān)系）11.A（getdone結(jié)構(gòu)：hurt的過去分詞是hurt，表意外受傷）12.D（一般過去時被動：yesterday提示過去時，problem與solve是被動關(guān)系）13.B（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時被動：now提示進(jìn)行時，movie與show是被動關(guān)系）14.A（主動表被動：wash表示衣服的特性，用主動形式）15.B（情態(tài)動詞被動：must+be+done，handin是及物動詞短語，介詞in不能丟）（二）句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.iscleaned（一般現(xiàn)在時被動）2.waswritten（一般過去時被動）3.hasbeenfinished（現(xiàn)在完成時被動）4.willbeplanted（一般將來時被動）5.mustbehandedin（情態(tài)動詞被動）6.isbeingcooked（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時被動）7.wasbeingbuilt（過去進(jìn)行時被動）9.isgoingtobeheld（一般將來時被動）10.canbespoken（情態(tài)動詞被動，English作主語）（三）短文改錯1.wrote→written（write的過去分詞是written）2.issell→sells（主動表被動，表書的銷售特性）/issell→issold（一般現(xiàn)在時被動，表被銷售）3.can后加be（情態(tài)動詞被動：can+be+done）4.去掉is（感官動詞主動表被動：taste+形容詞）5.being→tobe（needtobedone）/beingcleaned→cleaning（needdoing）（四