PeriodTwoLearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguageⅠ.單詞檢測1．constructvt.建設；修建constructionn．建設；建筑物2．contributevi.&vt.捐獻；貢獻；捐助3．positiveadj.積極的；肯定的；確實的4．movementn．移動；運動；動作movev．移動，搬動5．backwardadv.&adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的)6．spinvi.&vt.(使)旋轉；紡(線或紗)7．enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的enthusiasmn．熱心；熱情8．cautiousadj.小心的；謹慎的9．rejectvt.拒絕；不接受；拋棄10．universen．宇宙；世界Ⅱ.短語檢測1．apartfrom除……之外；此外2．with...rictwith...對……嚴格的3．makesense講得通；有意義Ⅰ.閱讀課文，匹配各段落大意Para.1(C)A．Newobservationsdidn’tagreewiththeoldtheoryabouttheearth.Para.2(A)B．Copernicus’theoryisthebasisofmodernscienceabouttheuniverse.Para.3(E)C．Copernicuswaspuzzledashefoundtheearthwasnotthecentreofthesolarsystem.Para.4(D)D．Copernicus’newtheorythatthesunwasthecentrecouldexplainallthephenomena.Para.5(B)E．Copernicusimprovedhistheorybycollectingobservationsandusinghismathematicalknowledge.Ⅱ.課文閱讀理解1．WhatmadeCopernicusfrightenedandconfused?A．Thefactthattheearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystem.B．Theconclusionthatthesunwasthecentreofthesolarsystem.C．Thefactthattheearthrunsaroundthesun.D．ThefactthatGodmadetheworld.答案B2．Whydidn’tCopernicuspublishhistheoryimmediately?A．Becausehedidn’tthinkitplete.B．BecausehewasafraidofbeingattackedbytheChristianChurch.C．Becausehisfriendsforbadehimtodoso.D．Becausenoonesupportedhisideas.答案B3．WhendidCopernicuspublishhistheory?A．Afterhisdeath.B．Beforehetoldhisfriendsaboutit.C．Ashelaydyingin1543.D．Copernicus’theorywasneverpublished.答案C4．Allthefollowingmakeitstrangeiftheearthwasthecentreofthesolarsystemexceptthat.A．someplanetsintheskyseemedtostopormovebackwardB．someplanetsintheskyappearedbrighterattimesandlessbrightatothersC．someplanetsintheskyseemedtogoforwardinaloopD．thesungoesaroundtheearth答案D5．What’stheChristianChurch’sattitudetowardsCopernicus’theory?A．TheChristianChurchobjectedtoCopernicus’theory.B．TheChristianChurchwasinfavorofCopernicus’theory.C．TheChristianChurchpaidmuchattentiontothetheory.D．TheChristianChurchthoughthighlyofCopernicus’theory.答案A1．construction[語境感悟](1)(教材P4)Lookatthesesimpleverbsandmakeanotherconstructionusingmake＋a＋noun.看看以下這些簡單動詞，用“make＋a＋noun”形式組成另一種結構。(2)It’sdangeroustogetclosetothebuildingunderconstruction.靠近正在建設中的大樓是有危險的。(3)Thenovelisconstructedfromaseriesofon-the-spotreports.小說是基于一系列現(xiàn)場報道構思而成的。[歸納拓展]1constructionn.結構；建設；建筑物beunderconstruction正在建設中；在施工2constructvt.修建；建設；創(chuàng)建；組成beconstructedof/outof/from...由……構成[即時跟蹤]用construct的正確形式填空(1)Theroadisunderconstruction.(2)Itiseasiertodestroythantoconstruct.(3)Thetransportationwillimprovealotinthemountainvillage，withtwonewroadstobeconstructedinthenearfuture.2．contribute[語境感悟](1)(教材P4)tocontribute捐獻；投稿(2)Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy，whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutthisandcontributedittoanewspaper.許多人給那個可憐的男孩捐款，使他可以重返校園。一位作家寫了一篇關于此事的故事并把它投稿到一家報社。(3)Thegovernmentshouldhonortheengineerforthecontributionshehasmadetothecity’sdevelopment.政府應為那個工程師對這座城市的發(fā)展所做出的貢獻而給予他榮譽。[歸納拓展](1)contributevt.&vi.捐獻；貢獻；捐助；投稿contribute...to...把……貢獻給……；向……投稿contributeto有助于；導致；把(時間等)投入到……(2)contributionn．貢獻；捐助makeacontribution/contributionsto對……作出貢獻[即時跟蹤](1)Hisexperiencecontributedgreatlytothesuccessofhisnovel.他的經歷對他的小說的成功幫助很大。(2)I’msureyoursuggestionwillcontributetosolvingtheproblem.我相信你的建議一定有助于問題的解決。3．cautious[語境感悟](1)(教材P7)Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas，butCopernicuswascautious.他的朋友們都很感興趣并鼓勵他發(fā)表他的理論，但是哥白尼很小心。(2)Sheisverycautiousof/abouthurtinghisfeelings.她小心翼翼免得傷害他的感情。[歸納拓展]1cautiousadj.小心的；謹慎的becautiousof/about...小心……；提防……becautiousnottodo...小心別做……2cautiouslyadv.小心地；謹慎地3cautionn.細心；謹慎withcaution仔細地[即時跟蹤](1)單句語法填空①Onsnowydays，youhavetodriveverycautiously(cautious)toavoidtrafficaccidents.②Theoldmansteppeddownthestairswithcaution.(2)一句多譯他開車一直很小心。①Healwaysdrivescautiously.(cautiously)②Heisalwayscautioustodrive.(cautious)③Healwaysdriveswithcaution.(caution)4．reject[語境感悟](1)(教材P7)TheChristianChurchrejectedhistheory，sayingitwasagainstGod’sideaandpeoplewhosupporteditwouldbeattacked.基督教會拒絕接受他的理論，說這種理論違背了上帝的旨意，而支持這種理論的人都會受到打擊。(2)I’vebeenrejectedbyalltheuniversitiesIappliedto.所有我申請的大學都沒有錄取我。(3)Theyrejectedtheapplesthatwereover-ripe.他們把那些熟得過透的蘋果扔掉了。[歸納拓展]eq\x(rejectvt.拒絕；不接受；拋棄)[易混辨析]reject/refuse/decline(1)reject強調拒不接受或不考慮沒有價值或不合標準的意見、計劃、請求等，語氣最強，有時還含有“拒絕相信，摒棄，厭棄”等意思，只可接名詞，主語只能是人。(2)refuse表示堅決、果斷甚至是粗暴地對別人的要求、請求、引誘或幫助加以拒絕，后接名詞，代詞或不定式，主語可以是人或物。(3)decline指有禮貌地拒絕，或婉言謝絕邀請、建議、幫助等。[即時跟蹤]用reject/refuse/decline的正確形式填空(1)Werefused/rejectedtheirofferofhelp.(2)Maryrefusedtogobackintothehospital.(3)Iofferedtogivethemaliftbuthedeclined.1．apartfrom[語境感悟](1)(教材P4)Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了以上提到的結構，你也學到過下面的詞組。(2)Thisisagoodpositionindeedapartfromsomespellingmistakes.除了一些拼寫錯誤，這確實是一篇好作文。(3)IlikeallthesubjectsapartfromEnglish.我喜歡包括英語在內的所有學科。[易混辨析]except/besides/exceptfor/apartfrom(1)except表示“除……沒有”，在整體中減去一部分，除去的部分不包括在內。(2)besides表示“除了……之外還有……”，除去的部分包括在內，表示遞增。(3)exceptfor除去個別，整體還可以(強調“美中不足”之意)。(4)apartfrom既可以表示besides，也可以表示except或exceptfor。[即時跟蹤]用except/besides/exceptfor/apartfrom填空(1)IlikeallthesubjectsapartfromEnglish.(2)Hehadotherpeopletotakecareofbesides/apartfromme.(3)Sheisprettyexceptfor/apartfromthefactthathereyesaretoobig.(4)Youcanhaveanyofthecakesexcept/apartfromthisone.2．(be)strictwithsb.[語境感悟](1)(教材P6)(be)strictwith...對……嚴格的(2)Mr.Liisverystrictwithhisstudentsandheisalsoverystrictinhisteaching.李先生對學生要求很嚴格，同時他對自己的教學工作也很嚴格。[歸納拓展]eq\x(bestrictinsth.對某事要求嚴格)[即時跟蹤](1)完成句子①Ithinkyouaretoostrictwithyourchildren.我認為你對你的孩子要求太嚴了。②Weshouldbestrictinourwork.我們應該在工作中嚴格要求(自己)。(2)單句改錯①Hisbossstrictwithhimandhisworkmates.strict前加is/was②Youshouldnotmindifyourauntisstrictinyou.in→with3．makesense[語境感悟](1)(教材P7)Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。(2)See，yourputerhasbrokendownagain！Itdoesn’tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofputerjusttosaveafewdollars.(2015·天津)看，你的電腦又壞了！僅為了節(jié)省幾美元而買最便宜品牌的電腦是不明智的。(3)Ican’tmakesenseofthispoem，butperhapsIwillifIreaditagain.我弄不懂這首詩的含義，但再讀一遍我或許就能明白了。[歸納拓展]makesense有意義；講得通；是明智的makesenseof懂得；了解……的含義makenosense講不通；無意義Thereisnosenseindoing...做……沒必要/無道理注意：makesense的主語常是“物”，而makesenseof的主語常是“人”。[即時跟蹤](1)單句語法填空①Itmakesnosensetobuythatexpensivecoatwhenthesecheaperonesarejustasgoodasthatone.②Thereisnosenseinarguing(argue)withher.(2)單句改錯Shetoldmethatshedidn’tmakeanysensewhattheteachersaid.sense后加of1．onlyif[語境感悟](1)(教材P7)Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.只有當你把太陽放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的運動才能說得清楚。(2)OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.(2015·天津)直到莉莉走進辦公室時，她才意識到她把合同忘在家里了。(3)Ifonlyhecouldetomorrow!他要是明天能來就好了！[歸納拓展]1onlyif只有，只要；only引導副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句置于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。2ifonly要是……，但愿……，后使用虛擬語氣。用一般過去時表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的情況；用過去完成時表示與過去事實相反的情況；用would/coulddo表示與將來事實相反的情況。[即時跟蹤](1)用倒裝結構翻譯下列句子①只有用這種辦法你才能改善你的發(fā)音。Onlyinthiswaycanyouimproveyourpronunciation.②只有到那時我才意識到我錯了。OnlythendidIrealizethatIwaswrong.(2)Ifonlyyouhadfollowedhisadvice!要是你聽從了他的建議就好了！2．現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語[語境感悟](1)(教材P7)Sobetween1510and1514heworkedonit，graduallyimprovinghistheoryuntilhefeltitwasplete.于是，他在1510年至1514年期間從事這項研究，逐步修改他的理論，直到他感到完善時為止。(2)Doyouwakeupeverymorningfeelingenergeticandreadytostartanewday?你每天早晨醒來都感到精力充沛，為開始新的一天做好了準備嗎？[歸納拓展]現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中作伴隨狀語時，分詞與主語之間是主動關系，且分詞動作與主句謂語動詞的動作同時發(fā)生。[即時跟蹤]用所給動詞的正確形式填空(1)Whentheclerksawakindfacewrinkledinanapologeticsmile，shestoodrootedtotheground，wondering(wonder)whethertostayorleave.(2015·湖南)(2)Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland，staring(stare)atthenightsky.(2014·湖南)3．with的復合結構[語境感悟](1)(教材P7)Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行星則圍繞著太陽轉，只有月球仍然繞著地球轉。(2)Withsomanypeopleabsent，themeetinghastobepostponed.既然這么多人沒有來，會議只好延期了。(3)Theteacherenteredtheclassroomwithabookinhishand.老師走進教室，手里拿著一本書。[歸納拓展]with的復合結構為：with＋n./pron.＋介詞短語/形容詞/副詞/不定式/現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞，在句中作狀語(表示原因、時間、條件、伴隨、方式等)或定語。[即時跟蹤](1)用所給動詞的正確形式填空①Withalotofworkdone(do)，heletoutasighofrelief.②Withalotofworktodo(do)，hefeltlikeanantonahotbrick.③Withtheboyleading(lead)theway，wefoundthehouseeasily.(2)句型轉換Theywentoutoftheroombutthelightswereon.(用with復合結構)→Theywentoutoftheroomwiththelightson.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．ThebossofMicrosoftisverystrictwiththestaff，soeveryoneinthepanyhastobepletelystrictintheirwork.2．Sheneverlostherenthusiasm(enthusiastic)forteaching.3．Withtimepermitting(permit)，we’llg