優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化時文精讀時文精讀讀【話題·導語】聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)委員會第47屆會議于周一在法國巴黎的聯(lián)合國教科文組織總部開幕，西夏皇陵被列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄?！驹摹r文閱讀】（文章來源：/page/202507/1337921.shtml）The47thsessionoftheUNESCOWorldHeritageCommitteeopenedonMondayatUNESCOheadquartersinParis,France,with30proposedsitesupforreviewforinscriptionontheWorldHeritageList,includingChina'sXixiaImperialTombsinNorthwestChina'sNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegion,aswellastwoproposalsforsignificantboundarymodificationsofalreadyinscribedsites.The30nominatedsitesfor2024include24culturalheritagesites,fivenaturalheritagesitesandonemixedculturalandnaturalheritagesite.TheXixiaImperialTombshavebeensubmittedasaculturalheritagesiteandrepresentChina'ssolenominationforthisyear'ssession.TheofficialdesignationoftheXixiaImperialTombsasChina’sonlycandidateforthe2025WorldCulturalHeritagenominationoccurredlongbefore,backinMarch2024.AccordingtotheconservationplanningdocumentreleasedontheofficialwebsiteofDepartmentofCultureandTourismofNingxiaHuiAutonomousRegiononMay2024,thepropertyoftheXixiaImperialTombscoveratotalof444.68squarekilometers.SowhyaretheXixiaImperialTombsparticularlysignificantamongthemanyimperialmausoleumsinChina?Renownedasthe"OrientalPyramids,"theXixiaImperialTombsarelocatedintheeasternfoothillsofthemiddlesectionoftheHelanMountains.AsaroyalmausoleumcomplexoftheXixia,orTangutDynasty(1038-1227)-asignificanthistoricalregimefoundedbytheTangutpeople-thetombsconstituteChina'slargestandbest-preservedimperialburialsiteintermsofabovegroundremains.Thecoresiteincludesnineimperialmausoleums,271accompanyingtombsanda5.03-hectarenorthernarchitecturalsite.Morethan7,100architecturalfragmentsandexquisiteculturalrelicshavebeenunearthedthere,placingitsscaleonparwithotherrenownedChineseimperialburialsitessuchastheSongTombsinGongxiancounty,CentralChina'sHenanProvince,andtheMingTombsinBeijing.ChenTongbin,amemberoftheChineseSocietyofCulturalRelicsparticipatingintheUNESCOWorldHeritageapplication,toldtheGlobalTimesthatthevalueoftheXixiaImperialTombsliesinprovidingauniquetestimonytotheXixiaDynasty,aswellasthestoryoftheTangutpeople,whichhasbeenlongobscuredbytimeandconquestbutnowhasemergedasatestamenttothemulticulturalrootsofChinesecivilization.HistoricalrecordsindicatethatduringtheXixiaDynasty,variousethnicgroups,includingtheTangut,Han,UygurandTibetan,coexisted.Theirdiverselivelihoods,religiouspracticesandculturalcustomsenrichedtheWesternXia'sheritage,shapingitsdistinctiveandmultifacetedculturalidentity.WangChangfeng,anarchaeologistwhohasworkedatthesitefor28years,toldtheGlobalTimesthatthemainarchitecturalsystemsandformsoftheXixiaImperialTombswereundoubtedlyinfluencedbythetraditionalcultureoftheCentralPlains.Specifically,theywereinfluencedbytheimperialtombsystemsoftheCentralPlainsstartingwiththeTang(618-907)andSong(960-1279)dynasties.Forexample,thetombsfacesouth,thebuildingshighlightacentralaxis,andthelayoutisassymmetricalaspossibleonbothsides.Thetombcomplexincludesfeaturessuchasgatetowers,spiritwaysandstonestatues,allofwhichareculturalelementsoftheCentralPlainstombsystem.Despitetheirenduringpresencefornearlyamillennium,thetombshavenotbeenimmunetonaturaldegradationandhumanimpact.Thevastandscattereddistributionofthesites,coupledwithnearbyfarmsandhouseholds,hasposedchallengesforconservation.Aspartofthenominationprocess,Ningxiahaslaunchedenvironmentalremediationintheheritagezone.Plansincluderelocatingthemuseum,buildingaheritagepark,andopeningmoreimperialtombstothepublic,allowingvisitorstogainadeeperunderstandingoftheshortyetremarkableXixiaDynasty.Theseeffortsaligncloselywiththisyear'sbroaderUNESCOagenda.Inheropeningremarks,UNESCODirector-GeneralAudreyAzoulayhighlightedthegrowingthreatstoheritagesitesposedbyextremeweathereventssuchasfloods,underscoringthataddressingclimatechangeremainsacriticalchallengeforglobalheritageprotection.The11-daysessionwillnotonlyreviewnewnominationsbutalsoassessthestateofconservationofsitesunderthreatfromclimatechange,armedconflictandnaturaldisasters.Delegateswillexplorewaystostrengtheninternationalcooperationandenhanceheritagemanagementpractices.Bulgariaholdsthechairmanshipofthisyear'ssession.BulgarianCultureMinisterMarianBachevnotedattheopeningceremonythedemandingnatureofheritageprotectionworkandemphasizedthevitalroleofyoungpeopleinpreservingculturalmemory,leveragingeducationanddigitaltechnology.Healsostressedthatwhileartificialintelligencecanserveasatool,itcannotreplacethededicationandexpertiseofthosecommittedtosafeguardingtheworld'sheritage.ApreparatorymeetingwasheldonSunday,whilethesessionisscheduledtoconcludeonJuly16.TheevaluationresultsfortheXixiaImperialTombswillbeannouncedonFriday.【原創(chuàng)·閱讀理解】1.WhyaretheXixiaImperialTombsespeciallyimportantamongthemanyimperialmausoleumsinChina?

A.Becausetheyaresituatedintheeasternmiddlesectionofthe—HelanMountains.B.Becausetheyarefamousasthe"OrientalPyramids".C.BecausetheyareChina'slargestandbest-preservedimperialburialsiteabovegroundremains.D.Becausetheycoveratotalof444.68squarekilometers.【答案】C【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的：AsaroyalmausoleumcomplexoftheXixia,orTangutDynasty(1038-1227)-asignificanthistoricalregimefoundedbytheTangutpeople—thetombsconstituteChina'slargestandbest-preservedimperialburialsiteintermsofabovegroundremains.可知，這些陵墓構(gòu)成了中國最大和保存最好的地上遺跡的帝王陵墓。所以選C。2.WhatcanbeshownthattheXixiaImperialTombswereinfluencedbytheimperialtombsystemsoftheCentralPlains?A.Thelayoutissymmetrical.B.Thetombsfacesouth.C.Allthebuildingsareonacentralaxis.D.ThetombsaresimilartotheMingTombsinBeijing.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的：Forexample,thetombsfacesouth,thebuildingshighlightacentralaxis,andthelayoutisassymmetricalaspossibleonbothsides.可知，墓葬面向南方，建筑物突出中軸線，布局盡可能對稱。所以選B。3.WhatdoesNingxiaplantodoabouttheXixiaImperialTombs?A.Openmoreimperialtombstothepublic. B.Protectthenaturalenvironment. C.Plantobuildamuseum. D.UnderstandtheXixiaDynasty.【答案】A【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的Ningxiahaslaunchedenvironmentalremediationintheheritagezone.Plansincluderelocatingthemuseum,buildingaheritagepark,andopeningmoreimperialtombstothepublic,allowingvisitorstogainadeeperunderstandingoftheshortyetremarkableXixiaDynasty.可知，寧夏在遺產(chǎn)區(qū)啟動了環(huán)境整治工作，計劃包括搬遷博物館、建設遺產(chǎn)公園、向公眾開放更多的皇陵，讓游客更深入地了解西夏王朝的短暫而輝煌。故選A。4.WhatcanbeknownfromtheBulgarianCultureMinisterMarianBachev’swords?A.Theheritageprotectionworktotallydependsondigitaltechnology. B.Thededicationandexpertisearenotreplaceable. C.Theyoungpeoplecanuseartificialintelligenceskillfully. D.Theconsciousnessoftheheritageprotectionshouldberaised.【答案】B【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的BulgarianCultureMinisterMarianBachevnotedattheopeningceremonythedemandingnatureofheritageprotectionworkandemphasizedthevitalroleofyoungpeopleinpreservingculturalmemory,leveragingeducationanddigitaltechnology.Healsostressedthatwhileartificialintelligencecanserveasatool,itcannotreplacethededicationandexpertiseofthosecommittedtosafeguardingtheworld'sheritage.

可知，文化遺產(chǎn)保護工作具有艱巨性，并強調(diào)年輕人在利用教育和數(shù)字技術守護文化記憶方面發(fā)揮著關鍵作用。他還強調(diào)，雖然人工智能可以作為工具使用，但無法替代那些致力于保護世界遺產(chǎn)的人們的奉獻精神和專業(yè)知識。故選B。【課標詞匯積累】1.significantadj.重要的,顯著的,意味深長的●Thenewschoolpolicyhadasignificantimpactonstudentparticipationinextracurricularactivities.

新校規(guī)對學生的課外活動參與產(chǎn)生了重大影響。2.modificationn.緩和,限制,更改,改變●Theteachermadeamodificationtotheassignmentdeadlinetogivestudentsmoretime.

老師調(diào)整了作業(yè)截止日期，給學生更多時間。3.inscribev.寫，刻●Studentswereaskedtoinscribetheirnamesonthesciencefairprojects.

學生們被要求在科學展覽作品上刻上自己的名字。4.nominatevt.提名…為候選人,任命,挑選●TheclassdecidedtonominateSarahforthepositionofstudentcouncilpresident.

全班決定提名莎拉擔任學生會主席。5.submitv.順從,聽從,屈服,甘受,遞交●Don’tforgettosubmityourcollegeapplicationsbeforethedeadline.

別忘了在截止日期前提交大學申請。6.candidaten.候選人,應試者●Severalstrongcandidatesarerunningforclasspresidentthisyear.

今年有幾位強有力的候選人競選班長。7.occurv.發(fā)生●TheschooldancewilloccuronthelastFridayofthemonth.

學校舞會將在本月的最后一個周五舉行。8.releasev.釋放,公布;n.釋放,發(fā)行,排放,解脫●Theprincipaldecidedtoreleaseastatementaboutthenewdresscode.

校長決定就新著裝規(guī)定發(fā)表聲明。9.accompanyv.陪伴,陪同,伴隨…同時發(fā)生,伴奏●Theschoolbandwillaccompanythechoirduringthewinterconcert.

學校樂隊將在冬季音樂會上為合唱團伴奏。10.architecturaladj.建筑學的,建筑上的●Theschool’sarchitecturaldesignincludesmodernclassroomsandalargeauditorium.

學校的建筑設計包括現(xiàn)代化教室和一個大禮堂。11.unearthvt.發(fā)掘,揭露,從洞中趕出●Thearchaeologyclubhopestounearthinterestingartifactsduringtheirfieldtrip.

考古學俱樂部希望在實地考察中發(fā)現(xiàn)有趣的文物。12.emergev.出現(xiàn)，興起,擺脫,暴露,露頭●Anewleaderisexpectedtoemergefromthestudentcouncilelections.

學生會選舉中預計會涌現(xiàn)出一位新領袖。13.indicatev.表明，暗示,指示,象征,打轉(zhuǎn)向燈指示轉(zhuǎn)彎,被建議●Thesurveyresultsindicatethatmoststudentsprefershorterlunchperiods.

調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，大多數(shù)學生更喜歡縮短午餐時間。14.diverseadj.形形色色的,不同的●Theschool’sdiversestudentbodyincludespeoplefrommanyculturalbackgrounds.

學校的學生群體多樣化，包含來自不同文化背景的人。15.influenceadj.影響性的;v.影響,感染,支配,對…起作用●Peerpressurecangreatlyinfluenceastudent’sdecisions.

同齡人的壓力會極大地影響學生的決定。16.highlightv.突出，強調(diào),（使）醒目,挑染;n.最好的部分,挑染的頭發(fā),強光部分●Theschool’sannualtalentshowwillhighlightstudents’artisticabilities.

學校的年度才藝表演將突出學生的藝術才能。17.distributionn.分配,分布,分銷●Thedistributionoftextbookswilltakeplaceinthelibrary.

教材分發(fā)將在圖書館進行。18.remarkableadj.異常的，引人注目的，,卓越的,顯著的,非凡的，非常（好）的●Theroboticsteammadearemarkableachievementbywinningthenationalcompetition.

機器人團隊在全國比賽中獲勝，取得了非凡的成就。19.criticaladj.關鍵的,(病情或局勢)嚴重的,批評的,評論家的,評判性的●Timemanagementiscriticalforbalancingschoolworkandextracurriculars.

時間管理對于平衡學業(yè)和課外活動至關重要。20.enhancev.提高，增強,改進●Joiningastudygroupcanenhanceyourunderstandingofdifficultsubjects.

加入學習小組可以增強你對難點科目的理解。21.emphasizev.強調(diào),重視,使突出●Theprincipalemphasizedtheimportanceofhonestyduringexamweek.

校長在考試周強調(diào)了誠實的重要性。22.evaluationn.評估，評價●Studentsreceivedtheirmidtermevaluationstotracktheirprogress.

學生們收到了期中評估，以跟蹤學習進展。【課標詞匯訓練】根據(jù)語境，從上面的“課標詞匯”中選用合適的單詞及其正確形式將句子補充完整。1.Researchingforhisproject,he_____________somesurprisingfactsabouttheschool’shistory.

2.Afterthedebate,severalstrongarguments_____________infavorofthenewpolicy.

3.Theteacher’sfeedbackwill_____________areaswherestudentsneedimprovement.

4.Theclubfairshowcaseda_____________rangeofextracurricularactivities.

5.Agoodteachercan_____________studentstodevelopaloveforlearning.

6.Theprincipal’sspeech_____________theimportanceofcommunityservice.

7.Theteacherexplainedthe_____________ofgradesforthefinalproject.

8.Her_____________improvementinmathimpressedallherteachers.

9.Theteachergave_____________feedbacktohelpstudentsimprovetheiressays.

10.Theschoolplansto_____________itstechnologyresourcesnextyear.

11.Makinga____________improvementinyourgradesrequiresconsistenteffort.

12.Theschoolcafeteriaintroduceda_____________tothemenutoincludehealthieroptions.

13.Theschooltrophywill_____________thenamesofthisyear’stopachievers.

14.Teacherswill_____________outstandingstudentsfortheannualacademicawards.

15.Thestudentshadto_____________theirresearchpapersbyFriday.

16.Thescholarshipcommitteewillintervieweach_____________nextweek.

17.Afiredrillisscheduledto_____________duringthethirdperiod.

18.Theschoolwill_____________theexamresultsnextMonday.

19.Studentsmustbe_____________byateacheronfieldtrips.

20.Thehistoryclassstudiedthe_____________stylesofancientcivilizations.

21.Theteacher_____________thatparticipationcountstowardthefinalgrade.

22.Thefinal_____________ofthescienceprojectwillconsidercreativityandaccuracy.

Keys:1.unearthed在為項目做研究時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了關于學校歷史的一些驚人事實。2.emerged辯論結(jié)束后，出現(xiàn)了幾個支持新政策的強有力論點。3.indicate老師的反饋會指出學生需要改進的地方。4.diverse社團展覽展示了多樣化的課外活動。5.influence一位好老師能影響學生培養(yǎng)對學習的熱愛。6.highlighted校長的演講強調(diào)了社區(qū)服務的重要性。7.distribution老師解釋了期末項目的成績分布情況。8.remarkable她在數(shù)學上的顯著進步讓所有老師印象深刻9.critical老師給出了關鍵性反饋，幫助學生改進論文。10.enhance學校計劃明年提升技術資源。11.significant要想顯著提高成績，需要持續(xù)努力。12.modification學校食堂調(diào)整了菜單，增加了更健康的選擇。13.inscribe學校獎杯將刻上今年優(yōu)秀學生的名字。14.nominate老師們將提名優(yōu)秀學生參加年度學術獎項評選。15.submit學生們必須在周五前提交研究論文。16.candidate獎學金委員會下周將對每位候選人進行面試。17.occur消防演習安排在第三節(jié)課進行。18.release學校將在下周一公布考試成績。19.accompanied學生參加校外活動時必須由老師陪同。20.architectural歷史課研究了古代文明的建筑風格。21.emphasized老師強調(diào)，課堂參與會影響最終成績。22.evaluation科學項目的最終評估將考慮創(chuàng)造力和準確性?！緟⒖甲g文】第47屆聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)委員會會議于本周一在法國巴黎聯(lián)合國教科文組織總部開幕，本次會議將審議30處擬列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》的遺產(chǎn)地，其中包括中國寧夏回族自治區(qū)的西夏陵，以及兩項已列入遺產(chǎn)地的重大邊界修改提案。2024年提名的30處遺產(chǎn)地包括24處文化遺產(chǎn)、5處自然遺產(chǎn)和1處文化與自然雙重遺產(chǎn)。西夏陵作為文化遺產(chǎn)項目申報，是中國本屆會議唯一申報項目。該遺址早在2024年3月就已正式確定為我國2025年世界文化遺產(chǎn)唯一申報項目。根據(jù)寧夏回族自治區(qū)文化和旅游廳官網(wǎng)2024年5月發(fā)布的保護規(guī)劃文件，西夏陵遺產(chǎn)區(qū)總占地面積達444.68平方公里。為何在眾多中國帝王陵寢中西夏陵具有特殊意義？這座被譽為"東方金字塔"的遺址位于賀蘭山中段東麓，作為黨項族建立的西夏王朝（1038-1227）皇家陵園，其地面遺存規(guī)?？胺Q中國現(xiàn)存規(guī)模最大、保存最完整的帝王陵園之一。核心區(qū)包含9座帝陵、271座陪葬墓及5.03公頃的北端建筑遺址，已出土建筑構(gòu)件及精美文物7100余件，其規(guī)模與河南鞏義宋陵、北京明十三陵等著名皇陵齊名。參與申遺工作的中國文物學會成員陳同濱向《環(huán)球時報》表示，西夏陵的價值在于為這個被歷史塵煙掩蓋的王朝提供了獨特見證，揭示了黨項民族的故事，印證了中華文明多元一體的歷史脈絡。史料記載，西夏時期黨項、漢、回鶻、吐蕃等多民族共處，多元的生計方式、宗教信仰與文化習俗共同塑造了西夏獨具特色的文明形態(tài)。在遺址工作28年的考古學家王長風指出，西夏陵主體建筑體系明顯受到中原傳統(tǒng)文化影響，尤其是唐宋以降的皇陵制度。陵墓坐北朝南、建筑突出中軸線、布局講究對稱，包含闕臺、神道、石像生等典型中原陵墓元素。歷經(jīng)近千年風雨，這些陵寢難免遭受自然侵蝕與人為影響。遺址分布范圍廣且分散，周邊農(nóng)田民居交錯，給保護工作帶來挑戰(zhàn)。作為申遺配套措施，寧夏已啟動遺產(chǎn)區(qū)環(huán)境整治工程，計劃搬遷博物館、建設遺址公園，并開放更多帝陵供公眾參觀，讓世人深入了解這個短暫而輝煌的王朝。這些舉措與本屆會議主旨高度契合。聯(lián)合國教科文組織總干事奧黛麗·阿祖萊在開幕致辭中強調(diào)，洪水等極端天氣對遺產(chǎn)地的威脅日益嚴峻，應對氣候變化仍是全球遺產(chǎn)保護的核心挑戰(zhàn)。為期11天的會議除審議新提名項目外，還將評估受氣候變化、武裝沖突和自然災害威脅的遺產(chǎn)地狀況，探討加強國際合作與完善遺產(chǎn)管理的方法。本屆會議由保加利亞擔任主席國。保加利亞文化部長馬里安·巴切夫在開幕式上指出，遺產(chǎn)保護工作任重道遠，強調(diào)應發(fā)揮青年力量守護文化記憶，善用教育與數(shù)字技術。他特別提醒，人工智能雖可作為工具，但永遠無法替代人類守護世界遺產(chǎn)的專業(yè)精神。會議預備會已于周日召開，正式會議將持續(xù)至7月16日。西夏陵的評審結(jié)果將于本周五正式公布。好題精練好題精練練Passage1閱讀理解（2025·四川省德陽市高中高三下學期第三次診斷）InanarrowalleynearBeijing’sDrumTower,72-year-oldWangShufentouchesatabletscreen,hertremblingfingersrevealinga3Dimageofherchildhoodhome——acourtyardhousetorndowninthe1990s,nowrevivedusingartificialintelligence.“Thepomegranate(石榴)tree...eventhecracksinthebricksarethesame,”shewhispers.Thisreunionispartofthe“HutongMemoryProject”,agroundbreakingcollaborationbetweenTsinghuaUniversityandtheBeijingMunicipalArchives.Launchedin2021,theprojectaddressesthelossofBeijing’straditionalalleywaycommunities.Over60%ofHutongshavedisappearedsince1949,withonly1,010remaining.Usingmachinelearning,researchersanalyzed50,000historicalphotos,800Ming-Qinglanddeeds,andoralhistoriesfromelderlyresidents.TheAIcross-referencesarchitecturalpatterns,weatherdata,andevenshadowsinoldphotostoreconstructvanishedneighborhoodswith94%accuracy.AnARappaddsdigitalreconstructionsontomodernsites.Pointyourphoneataconveniencestore,andittransformsintoa1930steashop,completewith3Dimagesofactorsrecreatinghistoricaldialogues.“Thisisn’tnostalgia—it’sactiveheritagepreservation,”saysDr.LiXiaoyu,theprojectleader.“TeenagersscanningQRcodesonHutongwallsaren’tjustseeinghistory;they’resteppingintoit.”However,traditionalistsarguethat“digitalHutongs”lessentheurgencyforphysicalconservation.HeritagearchitectZhangWeinotes,“Adigitalsystemcan’tmakethesamesmellasjasmineteasteaminginwintercourtyards.”Yet,supportershighlightbenefits:VRtourshavereducedtouristovercrowdingindelicateareasby37%,andblockchain-certifieddigitalHutongsareusedtotrainurbanplannersin12countries.By2025,theprojectaimstocreatea“TimeCapsuleLibrary,”preservingAImodelsof100endangeredculturalsitesnationwide,fromFujianTuloutoShanghaineseShikumen.AsWangShufen’sgrandsonpracticesMandarinwithapeddler(小販)inthe1930s,it’sclearthatinChina’sracetomodernize,technologyisbecomingmemory’sfiercestguardian.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthe“HutongMemoryProject”?A.ToattractmoretouriststovisitBeijing’shutongs.B.Toreplacephysicalhutongswithdigitalreplicas.C.Totrainurbanplannersin12countriestouseblockchain.D.Topreservedisappearingtraditionalcommunitiesthroughtechnology.2.HowdoestheAIreconstructvanishedhutongs?A.ByusingQRcodesscannedonmodernbuildings.B.Byinterviewingelderlyresidentsfororalhistories.C.Byanalyzinginformationoftraditionalalleywaycommunities.D.Byteaching3Dactorstoperformhistoricaldialogues.3.WhydoesZhangWeicriticizethedigitalproject?A.Digitalmodelsfailtooffersensoryexperiences.B.Historicaldataturnsouttobehighlyunreliable.C.VRtourshaveprovedtobeextremelyexpensive.D.Digitalsystemsareunabletoreplacearchitects.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.The“TimeCapsuleLibrary”focusessolelyonBeijing’sHutongs.B.Technologyisplayingacrucialroleinpreservingculturalheritage.C.YoungpeoplearelosinginterestintraditionalChinesearchitecture.D.AImodelsaremoreeffectivethanphysicalpreservationmethods.【詞匯積累】1.revivevt.使復活，使恢復,使振奮，復原,使再生vi.復蘇，恢復,再生2.collaborationn.協(xié)作，合作3.launchv.開始從事,發(fā)起,n.發(fā)射,發(fā)起4.analyzev.分析,分解,解釋5.reconstructvt.重建,重現(xiàn),改造,復興6.transformv.改變,使改變形態(tài)，使改變外觀（或性質(zhì)），使改觀7.conservationn.保護,節(jié)約8.highlightv.突出，強調(diào),（使）醒目,挑染;n.最好的部9.delicateadj.脆弱的,虛弱的,纖細的,精致的,柔和的,鮮美的,清香的,微妙的10.overcrowdvt.使過度擁擠，把…塞得太滿【答案】1.D2.C3.A4.B【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了“胡同記憶項目”，該項目是清華大學與北京市檔案館之間的一項開創(chuàng)性合作，旨在通過人工智能技術重建已經(jīng)消失的北京胡同社區(qū)。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Launchedin2021,theprojectaddressesthelossofBeijing’straditionalalleywaycommunities.Over60%ofHutongshavedisappearedsince1949,withonly1,010remaining.Usingmachinelearning,researchersanalyzed50,000historicalphotos,800Ming-Qinglanddeeds,andoralhistoriesfromelderlyresidents.TheAIcross-referencesarchitecturalpatterns,weatherdata,andevenshadowsinoldphotostoreconstructvanishedneighborhoodswith94%accuracy.(這個項目于2021年啟動，旨在解決北京傳統(tǒng)胡同社區(qū)消失的問題。自1949年以來，超過60%的胡同已經(jīng)消失，如今僅剩下1010條。研究人員利用機器學習技術，分析了5萬張歷史照片、800份明清時期的地契，以及老年居民的口述歷史。人工智能會交叉參考建筑風格、氣象數(shù)據(jù)，甚至是老照片中的陰影，以94%的準確率重建那些已消失的街區(qū)。)”可知，“胡同記憶項目”于2021年啟動，旨在解決北京傳統(tǒng)胡同社區(qū)消失的問題，利用機器學習、人工智能等技術來重建消失的街區(qū)，也就是通過技術來保護正在消失的傳統(tǒng)社區(qū)。故選D。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Usingmachinelearning,researchersanalyzed50,000historicalphotos,800Ming-Qinglanddeeds,andoralhistoriesfromelderlyresidents.TheAIcross-referencesarchitecturalpatterns,weatherdata,andevenshadowsinoldphotostoreconstructvanishedneighborhoodswith94%accuracy.(研究人員利用機器學習技術，分析了5萬張歷史照片、800份明清時期的地契，以及老年居民的口述歷史。人工智能會交叉參考建筑風格、氣象數(shù)據(jù)，甚至是老照片中的陰影，以94%的準確率重建那些已消失的街區(qū)。)”可知，AI通過分析傳統(tǒng)胡同社區(qū)的相關信息，包括歷史照片、地契、口述歷史、建筑風格、氣象數(shù)據(jù)等，來重建消失的胡同。故選C。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“HeritagearchitectZhangWeinotes,“Adigitalsystemcan’tmakethesamesmellasjasmineteasteaminginwintercourtyards.”(遺產(chǎn)建筑師張偉指出：“數(shù)字系統(tǒng)無法營造出冬日庭院里熱氣騰騰的茉莉花茶所散發(fā)的那種香氣?！?”可知，遺產(chǎn)建筑師張偉指出數(shù)字系統(tǒng)無法營造出冬日庭院里熱氣騰騰的茉莉花茶所散發(fā)的那種香氣。這表明數(shù)字系統(tǒng)不能提供像真實場景那樣的感官體驗。故選A。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“By2025,theprojectaimstocreatea“TimeCapsuleLibrary,”preservingAImodelsof100endangeredculturalsitesnationwide,fromFujianTuloutoShanghaineseShikumen.AsWangShufen'sgrandsonpracticesMandarinwithapeddler(小販)inthe1930s,it'sclearthatinChina'sracetomodernize,technologyisbecomingmemory’sfiercestguardian.(到2025年，該項目的目標是創(chuàng)建一個“時間膠囊圖書館”，保存全國100個瀕危文化遺址的人工智能模型，從福建土樓到上海石庫門。當王淑芬的孫子與一個來自20世紀30年代的小販練習普通話時，很明顯，在中國的現(xiàn)代化進程中，科技正成為記憶最堅定的守護者。)”可知，該項目利用技術創(chuàng)建“時間膠囊圖書館”來保存文化遺址，并且強調(diào)了在中國現(xiàn)代化進程中，技術正成為記憶最堅定的守護者，說明技術在保護文化遺產(chǎn)方面起著關鍵作用。故選B。Passage2閱讀理解（2025·四川省雅安市高三下學期4月第二次診斷性考試（二模））LocatedinYixiancounty,Anhuiprovince,XidiandHongcunhavealonghistoryofmorethan900years.TheoriginalresidentialstylesandfeaturesoftheMingandQingdynastieswerepreservedperfectlyhere,sotheyarereputedas“l(fā)ivingancientresidentialmuseums”.XidiVillage,builtduringtheNorthernSongdynasty,isoneofthemostrepresentativescenicspotsofancientHuiarchitecture.ItwasoriginallyacommunityofthefamilieswiththesurnameHu,andnowhas124oldresidentialhousesandthreeancestraltemplesoftheMingandQingdynasties.WoodenarchitecturesinXidiareuniqueandelegant:Prettifiedwallspreventraininfiltration;blacktilesrecordthehistoryofthetown.Thevillageissurroundedbymountainsonallsides,andtwostreamsrunthroughthevillage.Theplane(平面)ofthevillageagreeswiththemountainshapeandfollowstheterrain(地形)，presentingaboat-likeshape,whichcaterstotheintentionoftheHufamilytoengageinbusinesstripsandsetsailonlongvoyages.HongcunVillage,15kmfromXidiandbuiltintheSouthernSongdynasty,sharessomefeatureswithXidibutstandsoutforitswatersystem.Ancientvillagerswerecreative,shapingthevillagelikeabuffaloandbuildingabionic-based(仿生的)artificialwatersystem.Thewatersystemisdesignedlikeabuffalo’sbody.Smallchannelscarrywatertoeachhousehold,thenitflowsintoapondforfiltering,circlesinthevillage,entersalakeforfurtherfiltering,andfinallygoesintoariver.Thisdesignprecipitates(使沉淀)andfilterswastewater,andthepurifiedwatercanberecycledforirrigationandwashing.Duringitslong-termdevelopment,Hongcunhasformeditsculturalinheritance—asetofwaterusageandprotectionrulesandcustomsthatarecommonlyobservedbythevillagers.Thisensuresthelong-termandstableoperationofthewastewatertreatmentsystem.TheancientvillagesofXidiandHongcunremaindeeplymeaningfultolocalswhovaluetheirculturalroots.Today,thetwovillageswelcomevisitorsfromaroundtheworldtoadmiretheirbeauty.Walkingthroughstonepathsbesidelotusponds,peopledon’tjustseeUNESCOWorldHeritagesites—theyappreciatethegreatwondercreatedbypeopleandnatureworkingtogether.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutXidiVillagefromParagraph2?A.Itisfamousforwoodentemples.B.Itwasbuiltlikeaboatforbusinesstrips.C.Itissurroundedbystreamsandmountains.D.Itwasdesignedbasedonthenaturalconditions.2.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlyfocusonaboutthewatersystem?A.Itsprotection.B.Itslocation.C.Itsworkingprinciple.D.Itshistoricalimportance.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”referto?A.Thelong-termdevelopment. B.Culturalinheritance.C.Waterusageandprotection. D.Thevillagers’observation.4.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.TodescribethebeautyofHuiarchitecture.B.Toexplainhowpeopleliveinharmonywithnature.C.Toattracttouriststovisitculturalheritagesites.D.TopraisethecreativityofpeopleinXidiandHongcun.【長難句分析】【文章原句】Theplane(平面)ofthevillageagreeswiththemountainshapeandfollowstheterrain(地形)，presentingaboat-likeshape,whichcaterstotheintentionoftheHufamilytoengageinbusinesstripsandsetsailonlongvoyages.【句式分析】句中presentingaboat-likeshape作伴隨狀語，whichcaterstotheintentionoftheHufamily……是非限制性定語從句?！痉g】村落平面與山形吻合，依山勢而建，呈船形，符合胡氏家族經(jīng)商遠行的用意?！敬鸢浮?.D2.C3.B4.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了安徽黟縣的西遞和宏村兩個古村落的歷史、建筑特色以及宏村獨特的水系設計。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Theplaneofthevillageagreeswiththemountainshapeandfollowstheterrain,presentingaboat-likeshape(村莊的平面布局與山形一致，順應地形，呈現(xiàn)船形)”可知，西遞村的設計是基于自然條件而建。故選D。2.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Thewatersystemisdesignedlikeabuffalo’sbody.Smallchannelscarrywatertoeachhousehold,thenitflowsintoapondforfiltering,circlesinthevillage,entersalakeforfurtherfiltering,andfinallygoesintoariver.Thisdesignprecipitates(使沉淀)andfilterswastewater,andthepurifiedwatercanberecycledforirrigationandwashing.(該水系統(tǒng)的設計仿若水牛之軀。細小溝渠將水引至每家每戶，繼而流入沉淀池進行初次過濾，環(huán)繞村落循環(huán)后進入湖泊深度凈化，最終匯入河流。此設計通過沉淀和過濾處理廢水，凈化后的水可循環(huán)用于灌溉與洗滌。)”可知，本段主要描述水系的工作原理。故選C。3.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Duringitslong-termdevelopment,Hongcunhasformeditsculturalinheritance—asetofwaterusageandprotectionrulesandcustomsthatarecommonlyobservedbythevillagers.Thisensuresthelong-termandstableoperationofthewastewatertreatmentsystem.(在長期發(fā)展過程中，宏村形成了其文化傳承——一套被村民普遍遵守的水資源使用與保護規(guī)則及習俗。這確保了污水處理系統(tǒng)的長期穩(wěn)定運行。)”可推知，“This”指代的是前文提到的“Culturalinheritance.(文化傳承)”，即宏村形成的文化傳承確保了污水處理系統(tǒng)的長期穩(wěn)定運行。故選B。4.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章最后一段“Today,thetwovillageswelcomevisitorsfromaroundtheworldtoadmiretheirbeauty.Walkingthroughstonepathsbesidelotusponds,peopledon’tjustseeUNESCOWorldHeritagesites—theyappreciatethegreatwondercreatedbypeopleandnatureworkingtogether.(今天，這兩個村莊歡迎來自世界各地的游客欣賞他們的美麗。人們穿過蓮花池塘旁邊的石路，人們不僅看到聯(lián)合國教科文組織的世界遺產(chǎn)——他們欣賞人們和自然共同努力創(chuàng)造的奇妙奇跡。)”可知，本文主要介紹了安徽黟縣的西遞和宏村兩個古村落的歷史、建筑特色以及宏村獨特的水系設計，它們的設計體現(xiàn)了人與自然和諧相處，由此可推知，文章旨在解釋人們?nèi)绾闻c自然和諧共處。故選B。Passage37選5（2025·內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)赤峰市多校聯(lián)考高三下學期三模）Inrecentyears,virtualexperiencesofculturalsiteshavebecomemorecommon.Thankstodigitaltechnology,peoplecanexplorefamousmuseums,ancienttemples,andhistoricallandmarksfromhome.However,thisconveniencehassparkedadebate:Doesvirtualaccessweakenoursenseofawe(敬畏)forculture?1Somefirmlybelieveitdoes.2VisitingthePyramidsofEgyptinperson,youarestruckbytheirlargescale,thetextureofancientstones,andthedesertsetting,creatingadeepsenseofwonder.Avirtualtour,evenwithgreatimagery,oftencan’tcopythisimmersivefeeling.Itmayseemflatandfailtoconveythesite’sfullgrandeur(宏偉)andhistoricalweight.3Peoplecanaccessdigitaltourseasily,sotheymightnotvaluethemasmuchasin-personvisits.Theymayquicklyskimthroughvirtualexhibits,nottrulyunderstandingtheculturalsignificance.4Theygreatlyimproveaccessibility.Peoplewithdisabilities,andthoseinremoteareasorwithfinanciallimitscannowexploreculturalwonders.Forexample,theLouvreMuseum’svirtualtoursenableartenthusiastsaroundtheworldtoadmireiconicartworkssuchasMonaLisawithoutleavingtheirhomes.Moreover,virtualtoursofferin-depthknowledge.Digitalguidesandinteractivefeaturesprovidehistoricalbackgroundandculturalstories.AvirtualtourofanancientChinesepalacemightexplainitsarchitectureandhistoricalevents,enhancingunderstanding.Inshort,virtualexperiencesdon’tnecessarilyweakenouraweforculture.5Wecanusevirtualtourstogetafeelforaplacefirst,andthenvisitinperson.Thisway,virtua