初二初三知識(shí)點(diǎn)：一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的對(duì)比與復(fù)習(xí)Part1一般過去時(shí)vs現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（一）一般過去時(shí)定義：表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，動(dòng)作已結(jié)束，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。構(gòu)成：主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式+其他。常用時(shí)間狀語：yesterday（昨天）、lastweek（上周）、threeyearsago（三年前）、in2020（在2020年）、justnow（剛才）等。Ex:Iwenttotheparkyesterday.（我昨天去了公園。）Heplayedbasketballlastweekend.（他上周末打了籃球。）TheystudiedEnglishthreeyearsago.（他們?nèi)昵皩W(xué)英語。）（二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)定義：表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或者過去開始并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。構(gòu)成：主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他（第三人稱單數(shù)用has，其余人稱用have）。常用時(shí)間狀語：already（已經(jīng)，用于肯定句）、yet（已經(jīng)，還，用于否定句和疑問句）、ever（曾經(jīng)）、never（從不）、since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)（自從……以來）、for+時(shí)間段（長達(dá)……）、Since:①since2022Since:①since2022②since3yearsago③sinceIgraduatedin2010Ex:Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.（我已經(jīng)完成了我的作業(yè)。）HassheeverbeentoBeijing?（她曾經(jīng)去過北京嗎？）Wehavelivedherefortenyears.（我們?cè)谶@里住了十年了。）Hehasn'tcalledmeyet.（他還沒給我打電話。）Since2018,shehasworkedinthispany.（自從2018年以來，她就在這家公司工作。）IhavelearnedEnglishsince10yearsago.MymomhaslivedinGDfor60years.（三）主要區(qū)別1.時(shí)間上：一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的具體時(shí)間，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。2.與時(shí)間狀語的搭配：一般過去時(shí)常與表示過去的具體時(shí)間狀語連用；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間狀語或不確定的過去時(shí)間狀語連用。3.側(cè)重點(diǎn)：一般過去時(shí)側(cè)重說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式等；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)側(cè)重說明動(dòng)作的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。（四）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)：延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞vs瞬間動(dòng)詞（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特殊注意）瞬間動(dòng)詞（比如buy,die,leave）不能和“for+時(shí)間段”連用，需換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。錯(cuò)誤：Ihaveboughtthispenfor2weeks.正確：Ihavehadthispenfor2weeks.（buy→have，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）錯(cuò)誤：Wehavebeegoodfriendsformanyyears.正確：Wehavebeengoodfriendsformanyyears.（bee→be，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）錯(cuò)誤：Lilyhasborrowedthisbookforamonth.(borrow借進(jìn)lend借出)正確：Lilyhaskeptthisbookforamonth.（borrow→keep，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）【練習(xí)】一．用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He______(go)toShanghailastmonth.2.I______(learn)Englishforfiveyears.3.They______(notfinish)theirhomeworkyet.4.______you______(see)thefilmyesterday?5.She______(be)bornin2008.6.We______(live)inthiscitysince2010.7.He_______(play)footballwithhisfriendsyesterdayafternoon.8.Myfather______(alreadye)backfromwork.二．單項(xiàng)選擇1.—When______you______thebook?—Lastweek.A.do;buy B.did;buy C.have;bought D.will;buy2.I______thisbookfortwoweeks.Ihavetoreturnitnow.A.borrowed B.haveborrowed C.kept D.havekept3.—______you______totheGreatWall?—Yes,Iwenttherelastyear.A.Have;been B.Did;went C.Have;gone D.Will;go4.MybrotherJim______inBeijingfor7years.Helikeslivingthere.A.lives B.lived C.haslived D.willlive5.She______herhomeworkyesterday.A.finishes B.finished C.hasfinished D.willfinishPart2說明文閱讀FitProSmartBandAreyoulookingforasimplewaytotrackyourhealth?MeettheFitProSmartBand—yourperfectfitnesspartner!Thislightweightdevicefitsfortablyonyourwristallday.Itmonitorsyourheartrate,countssteps,andeventracksyoursleeppatterns.Wonderingaboutyourdailyactivity?TheFitProappshowsyourprogresswitheasytoreadcharts.WhatmakesFitProspecial?It’swaterproof,soyoucanwearitwhileswimmingorshowering.Thebatterylastsupto7days,meaninglesstimechargingandmoretimemoving.Plus,itsendsgentlereminderstostandupifyou’vebeensittingtoolong.Availableinblack,blue,andpink,theFitProSmartBandcostsonly$39.99.Foralimited有期限的time,usecodeFIT20toget20%off!Visitoryourlocalelectronicsstoretoorderyourstoday.StartyourhealthjourneywithFitPro—wheresmallstepsleadtobigchanges!1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheFitProSmartBand?A.TotrackhealthB.Toplaymusic C.Tomakephonecalls D.Totakephotos2.WhichfeatureisNOTmentionedabouttheFitPro?A.Heartratemonitoring B.GPSnavigationC.Sleeptracking D.Stepcounting3.Howlongdoesthebatterylast?A.1day B.3days C.7days D.14days4.WhatcolorisNOTavailablefortheFitPro?A.Black B.Green C.Blue D.Pink5.Howcancustomersgetadiscount?A.Bybuyinginbulk B.ByusingacodeC.Byshoppingonlineonly D.ByvisitingthestoreonweekendsSummerCampforHighSchoolStudentsAreyouahighschoolstudentlookingforanexcitingsummerexperience?JoinourGlobalYouthLeadershipCampthisJuly!HeldatGreenLakeCampus,the14dayprogramoffersaperfectmixoflearningandfunforstudentsaged1518.Whatmakesourcampspecial?First,you’lltakepartininteractiveworkshopsonpublicspeakingandteambuilding,ledbyuniversityprofessors.Thesesessionshelpimprovemunicationskillsandconfidence.Second,thereareoutdoorchallengeslikehikingandcanoeing,whichteachteamworkandproblemsolving.Intheevenings,youcanenjoyculturalnightswherestudentsfromdifferentcountriessharemusic,food,andstories.Nomatteryourinterests,you’llgainsomethingvaluable.Pastparticipantssaythecamphelpedthemmakefriendsfromaroundtheworldanddiscovernewpassions.“Ilearnedhowtoleadateamandbecamemoreindependent,”saidMaria,astudentfromSpain.Thecampcosts$800,includingacmodationandmeals.Spacesarelimitedto50students,sosignupbeforeJune10th!Formoreinformation,visitourwebsiteoremailusat.1.Howlongwillthecamplast?A.Oneweek B.Twoweeks C.Threeweeks D.Fourweeks2.WhatisNOTmentionedaspartofthecampactivities?A.Publicspeakingworkshops B.CookingclassesC.Hikingtrips D.Culturalnights3.Wholeadstheworkshops?A.Highschoolteachers B.UniversityprofessorsC.Professionaltrainers D.Pastcamp