2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：環(huán)境生態(tài)篇考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每篇passage，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容選擇最合適的選項(xiàng)，每題只有一個(gè)正確答案。這部分主要考察你的閱讀理解能力，需要你準(zhǔn)確把握文章的主旨、細(xì)節(jié)、邏輯關(guān)系等。1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainideaofthepassage?A.Environmentalpollutionisprimarilycausedbyindustrialactivities.B.Theincreaseinglobaltemperatureismainlyduetohumanactivities.C.Deforestationhasasignificantimpactonbiodiversity.D.Climatechangeisthemostpressingenvironmentalissueofourtime.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarycauseofwaterpollutionincoastalareas?A.Agriculturalrunoffcontainingpesticidesandfertilizers.B.Industrialdischargeofchemicalsandwaste.C.Householdsewageandwastewater.D.Shippingandmaritimeactivities.3.Thepassagesuggeststhatwhichofthefollowingisapotentialsolutiontoairpollution?A.Increasingtheuseoffossilfuelstoboosttheeconomy.B.Implementingstricterregulationsonindustrialemissions.C.Encouragingtheuseofnuclearenergyasanalternative.D.Reducingthenumberofcarsontheroadbypromotingpublictransportation.4.Whatdoesthepassageimplyabouttherelationshipbetweendeforestationandclimatechange?A.Deforestationacceleratesclimatechange,whichinturnleadstomoredeforestation.B.Deforestationhasnosignificantimpactonclimatechange.C.Climatechangecausesdeforestation,butdeforestationdoesnotaffectclimatechange.D.Deforestationandclimatechangeareunrelatedissues.5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisakeyfactorinmaintainingbiodiversity?A.Humaninterventioninnaturalecosystems.B.Thepresenceofavarietyofhabitats.C.Theoverexploitationofnaturalresources.D.Thereductionofprotectedareas.二、填空題要求：根據(jù)每篇passage的內(nèi)容，填寫空格中的單詞，使句子完整、通順。這部分主要考察你的詞匯和語(yǔ)法能力，需要你準(zhǔn)確理解文章中的詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。Passage1:Environmentalissueshavebecomeamajorconcerninrecentyears.Oneofthemostpressingproblemsistheincreaseinglobaltemperatures,whichislargelyattributedtohumanactivities.Theburningoffossilfuelsreleaseslargeamountsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,contributingtothegreenhouseeffect.This,inturn,leadstoavarietyofenvironmentalissues,suchasmeltingicecapsandrisingsealevels.Tomitigatetheseproblems,itisessentialtoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsandadoptmoresustainablepractices.Renewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,offerpromisingalternativesthatcanhelpreduceourcarbonfootprint.1.Theincreaseinglobaltemperaturesislargely_______tohumanactivities.2.Theburningoffossilfuelsreleaseslargeamountsof_______intotheatmosphere.3.Thegreenhouseeffectleadstoavarietyofenvironmentalissues,suchas_______andrisingsealevels.4.Tomitigatetheseproblems,itisessentialtoreduceourrelianceon_______.5.Renewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,offerpromisingalternativesthatcanhelpreduceour_______.Passage2:Deforestationisanothersignificantenvironmentalissuethatposesathreattobiodiversity.Forestsplayacrucialroleinmaintainingthebalanceofecosystems,andtheirdestructioncanhavefar-reachingconsequences.Oneoftheprimarycausesofdeforestationistheclearingoflandforagriculture.Thisnotonlyreducestheavailablehabitatformanyspeciesbutalsocontributestosoilerosionandwaterpollution.Additionally,deforestationaffectsthecarboncycle,astreesabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.Withouttrees,theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereincreases,furtherexacerbatingclimatechange.Toaddressthisissue,itiscrucialtopromotesustainableforestrypracticesandprotectexistingforests.1.Deforestationisanothersignificantenvironmentalissuethatposesathreatto_______.2.Forestsplayacrucialroleinmaintainingthebalanceof_______.3.Oneoftheprimarycausesofdeforestationistheclearingoflandfor_______.4.Deforestationaffectsthecarboncycle,astreesabsorb_______andrelease_______.5.Toaddressthisissue,itiscrucialtopromotesustainable_______practicesandprotectexisting_______.三、判斷題要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每篇passage，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容判斷下列陳述是否正確，每題只有一個(gè)正確答案。這部分主要考察你的閱讀理解能力，需要你準(zhǔn)確把握文章的主旨、細(xì)節(jié)、邏輯關(guān)系等。1.Accordingtothepassage,environmentalpollutionisprimarilycausedbyindustrialactivities.A.TrueB.False2.Theincreaseinglobaltemperatureismainlyduetohumanactivities.A.TrueB.False3.Deforestationhasasignificantimpactonbiodiversity.A.TrueB.False4.Climatechangeisthemostpressingenvironmentalissueofourtime.A.TrueB.False5.Waterpollutionincoastalareasismainlycausedbyhouseholdsewageandwastewater.A.TrueB.False6.Implementingstricterregulationsonindustrialemissionsisapotentialsolutiontoairpollution.A.TrueB.False7.Deforestationacceleratesclimatechange,whichinturnleadstomoredeforestation.A.TrueB.False8.Thepresenceofavarietyofhabitatsisakeyfactorinmaintainingbiodiversity.A.TrueB.False9.Humaninterventioninnaturalecosystemsisessentialformaintainingbiodiversity.A.TrueB.False10.Renewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,canhelpreduceourcarbonfootprint.A.TrueB.False四、簡(jiǎn)答題要求：根據(jù)每篇passage的內(nèi)容，回答下列問題，每題的答案應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)潔明了，不超過(guò)三句話。這部分主要考察你的閱讀理解能力和語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力，需要你準(zhǔn)確把握文章的主旨、細(xì)節(jié)、邏輯關(guān)系等。Passage1:Environmentalissueshavebecomeamajorconcerninrecentyears.Oneofthemostpressingproblemsistheincreaseinglobaltemperatures,whichislargelyattributedtohumanactivities.Theburningoffossilfuelsreleaseslargeamountsofcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,contributingtothegreenhouseeffect.This,inturn,leadstoavarietyofenvironmentalissues,suchasmeltingicecapsandrisingsealevels.Tomitigatetheseproblems,itisessentialtoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsandadoptmoresustainablepractices.Renewableenergysources,suchassolarandwindpower,offerpromisingalternativesthatcanhelpreduceourcarbonfootprint.1.Whatisthemaincauseoftheincreaseinglobaltemperaturesaccordingtothepassage?2.Howdoestheburningoffossilfuelscontributetoenvironmentalissues?3.Whataresomepotentialsolutionstomitigatetheproblemscausedbyglobalwarming?Passage2:Deforestationisanothersignificantenvironmentalissuethatposesathreattobiodiversity.Forestsplayacrucialroleinmaintainingthebalanceofecosystems,andtheirdestructioncanhavefar-reachingconsequences.Oneoftheprimarycausesofdeforestationistheclearingoflandforagriculture.Thisnotonlyreducestheavailablehabitatformanyspeciesbutalsocontributestosoilerosionandwaterpollution.Additionally,deforestationaffectsthecarboncycle,astreesabsorbcarbondioxideandreleaseoxygen.Withouttrees,theamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereincreases,furtherexacerbatingclimatechange.Toaddressthisissue,itiscrucialtopromotesustainableforestrypracticesandprotectexistingforests.1.Whatisthemaincauseofdeforestationaccordingtothepassage?2.Howdoesdeforestationaffectthecarboncycle?3.Whataresomepotentialsolutionstoaddresstheissueofdeforestation?本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.B.Theincreaseinglobaltemperatureismainlyduetohumanactivities.解析：文章第一段明確指出，全球溫度的上升主要?dú)w因于人類活動(dòng)，特別是化石燃料的燃燒。選項(xiàng)B準(zhǔn)確概括了這一觀點(diǎn)。2.B.Industrialdischargeofchemicalsandwaste.解析：文章并未直接提及水污染的具體原因，但根據(jù)一般環(huán)境科學(xué)知識(shí)，工業(yè)排放是沿海地區(qū)水污染的主要來(lái)源之一。選項(xiàng)B是最符合常識(shí)和一般情況的答案。3.B.Implementingstricterregulationsonindustrialemissions.解析：文章第三段提到，減少對(duì)化石燃料的依賴并采用更可持續(xù)的實(shí)踐是緩解問題的關(guān)鍵，而更嚴(yán)格的工業(yè)排放法規(guī)正是實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的重要手段。選項(xiàng)B直接對(duì)應(yīng)了這一解決方案。4.A.Deforestationacceleratesclimatechange,whichinturnleadstomoredeforestation.解析：文章第二段描述了森林砍伐和氣候變化之間的惡性循環(huán)，指出森林的減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的氣候變化，而氣候變化又會(huì)加劇森林砍伐。選項(xiàng)A準(zhǔn)確反映了這一邏輯關(guān)系。5.B.Thepresenceofavarietyofhabitats.解析：文章第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)森林在維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡中的關(guān)鍵作用，并指出生物多樣性的維護(hù)依賴于多種棲息地的存在。選項(xiàng)B直接對(duì)應(yīng)了這一觀點(diǎn)。二、填空題答案及解析Passage1:1.attributed解析：文章第一段明確指出，全球溫度的上升“l(fā)argelyattributedtohumanactivities”，即主要?dú)w因于人類活動(dòng)。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入“attributed”。2.carbondioxide解析：文章第一段提到，燃燒化石燃料會(huì)向大氣中釋放大量的“carbondioxide”，即二氧化碳。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入“carbondioxide”。3.meltingicecaps解析：文章第一段指出，溫室效應(yīng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致各種環(huán)境問題，包括“meltingicecaps”，即冰川融化。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入“meltingicecaps”。4.fossilfuels解析：文章第一段提到，為了緩解這些問題，必須減少對(duì)“fossilfuels”的依賴，即化石燃料。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入“fossilfuels”。5.carbonfootprint解析：文章第一段最后提到，可再生能源可以“helpreduceourcarbonfootprint”，即幫助我們減少碳足跡。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入“carbonfootprint”。Passage2:1.biodiversity解析：文章第二段開頭明確指出，森林砍伐是“anothersignificantenvironmentalissuethatposesathreattobiodiversity”，即對(duì)生物多樣性的重大威脅。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入“biodiversity”。2.ecosystems解析：文章第二段提到，森林在維持“ecosystems”的平衡中起著關(guān)鍵作用，即生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入“ecosystems”。3.agriculture解析：文章第二段指出，森林砍伐的主要原因之一是“clearingoflandforagriculture”，即為了農(nóng)業(yè)而開墾土地。因此，空格處應(yīng)填入“agriculture”。4.carbondioxide,oxygen解析：文章第二段提到，樹木吸收“carbondioxide”并釋放“oxygen”，即二氧化碳和氧氣。因此，空格處應(yīng)分別填入“carbondioxide”和“oxygen”。5.forestry,forests解析：文章第二段最后提到，為了解決這一問題，必須促進(jìn)“sustainableforestrypractices”并保護(hù)現(xiàn)有的“forests”，即可持續(xù)的林業(yè)實(shí)踐和森林。因此，空格處應(yīng)分別填入“forestry”和“forests”。三、判斷題答案及解析1.B.False解析：文章第一段提到，全球溫度的上升主要?dú)w因于人類活動(dòng)，但并未說(shuō)環(huán)境污染“primarilycausedbyindustrialactivities”，即主要是由工業(yè)活動(dòng)引起的。因此，該陳述不正確。2.A.True解析：文章第一段明確指出，全球溫度的上升主要?dú)w因于人類活動(dòng)，特別是化石燃料的燃燒。因此，該陳述正確。3.A.True解析：文章第二段提到，森林砍伐對(duì)生物多樣性有“significantimpact”，即重大影響。因此，該陳述正確。4.B.False解析：文章并未說(shuō)氣候變化是“themostpressingenvironmentalissueofourtime”，即我們這個(gè)時(shí)代最緊迫的環(huán)境問題。因此，該陳述不正確。5.B.False解析：文章并未說(shuō)水污染“mainlycausedbyhouseholdsewageandwastewater”，即主要由家庭污水和廢水引起。因此，該陳述不正確。6.A.True解析：文章第三段提到，為了緩解這些問題，必須減少對(duì)化石燃料的依賴并采用更可持續(xù)的實(shí)踐，而更嚴(yán)格的工業(yè)排放法規(guī)正是實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)的重要手段。因此，該陳述正確。7.A.True解析：文章第二段描述了森林砍伐和氣候變化之間的惡性循環(huán)，指出森林的減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的氣候變化，而氣候變化又會(huì)加劇森林砍伐。因此，該陳述正確。8.A.True解析：文章第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)森林在維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡中的關(guān)鍵作用，并指出生物