Unit4課下能力提升(十五)Ⅰ.單項填空1．(安徽高考)Theathlete'syearsofhardtraining________whenshefinallywontheOlympicgoldmedal.A．wentonB．gotthroughC．paidoffD．endedup2．(福建高考)Youhadbetter________sometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucankeepyourselfenergetic.A．setasideB．takeupC．putawayD．giveout3．(江西高考)I've________thehabitofcallinginonmygrandparentsonmywayhomefromschool.A．eintoB．goneintoC．gotintoD．runinto4．(陜西高考)Myunclehasn'tbeenabletoquitsmoking,butatleasthehas________．A．cutoutB．cutdownC．cutupD．cutoff5．(江西高考)Motheralwaysplainsthatchildren________theirshoesveryquickly.A．findoutB．washoutC．wearoutD．setout6．(安徽高考)Traditionally,collegestudentsholdagraduationceremonytoencouragethemselvesbeforethey________ontheirlifejourney.A．giveupB．settledownC．getthroughD．setoff7．Scientistshaveeupwithanewmaterialthatcan________overtimeintothesoilwithoutgivingoutanypoisonouschemicals.A．breakdownB．breakoutC．getthroughD．getoff8．Mydadalwaystriestoconvincemeto________thecellphoneandintothemunity,butIjustwouldn'tlisten.A．getdowntoB．getonwithC．getawaywithD．getawayfrom9．I'vegottogo—somethinghasjust________athomeandIamneededthere.A．eoutB．eupC．eacrossD．eon10．Sometimesyoucanseebeggars________people'skindnesstomakemoney.A．takeadvantageofB．makesenseofC．takechargeofD．makefunofⅡ.閱讀理解Theprospectofusingelectricautomobilesisanexcitingone.Theimageoftheelectriccarinthepublicimaginationislinkedwithcleanliness,cost-savingandenergy-efficiency.Ifelectriccarsreallyofferallthesebenefits,whyaren'tweusingthemtoday?Cantheelectriccarsreallyliveuptopeople'sexpectations?WithpanieslikeNissan,Ford,GM,andTeslaMotorspreparingtoofferavarietyofelectricautostothegeneralpublic,thesekindsofquestionsaregrowinginimportanceeveryday.Inordertoseewhyelectriccarsarenotusedaswidelyasonemightexpect,itwillbenecessarytotakeashortlookatthehistoryoftheelectricautomobileintheUnitedStates.ThefirsttrueelectriccarbuiltinthetheUSwasmadebyWilliamMorrisonin1891.Asautomobilesbecamemorepopular,salesofelectriccarssurpassed(超過)thoseofsteamandgasolineautomobiles.paredtosteamandgascars,electricautoswerecleaner,quieter,andeasiertostart.However,astheyearspassed,thegasoline-poweredautomobilegainedmarketshare.Twoofthereasonsforgasolinecars'riseweretheinventionoftheturn-keyignition(點火)andthediscoveryoflargeamountsofoilinTexas,whichmadegasolinemoreaffordablefortheaverageconsumer.However,the_nail_in_the_coffinforelectriccarswastheincreaseindistancesthatdriverstraveledintheirautomobiles.Withimprovementsintheroadsystem,peopledrovefartherandfartherawayfromhomeuntiltheenergyofelectriccars'batterieswassimplynolongersufficienttocarrythemalltheway.Afterlearningabouttheirphysicallimitations,itisclearwhyelectriccarsarenotinwidespreadusetoday.Nonetheless,someprogressisbeingmadetowardsafuturewithelectriccars.Slowly,batterytechnologiesarebeingdevelopedwhichwillallowelectriccarstogofarther.However,don'texpecttoseepureelectricvehiclesinwidespreaduseanytimesoon.1．Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat________．A．peopleshouldhavemoreconfidenceinelectriccarsB．currentelectriccarsaredifferentfromwhatpeopleexpectC．electriccarsarebenefitingthegeneralpublicalotD．manycarpaniesarequestioningtheimportanceofelectriccars2．Theidiom“thenailinthecoffin”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”．A．a(chǎn)pieceofgoodnewsthatgivessomeoneconfidenceB．a(chǎn)badthingthatbringssomethingnearertoitsruinC．a(chǎn)secretthatishiddenfromthepubliconpurposeD．a(chǎn)promotionthatgivesoutwronginformation3．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofelectriccars?A．Hebelievestheywilldefinitelyreplacegascars.B．Hethinksbatteryproblemswillstopthemfromdeveloping.C．Hebelievestheywillimprovetoanewstageinthelongrun.D．Hedoubtswhetherpeoplewillneedpureelectriccarsinthefuture.4．Thepassagewasmainlywrittento________．A．introducehowelectriccarsworkB．describethebrightfutureofelectriccarsC．explainwhyelectriccarsarenotwidelyusedD．pareelectriccarswithgascarsⅢ.任務(wù)型閱讀Itwasaracedestined(命中注定的)togodowninhistory.NorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsenandBritishRoyalNavycaptainRobertFalconScottwerethemaincharactersintheheroictaleofAntarcticexploration(南極探險)．Onehundredyearsago,thesetwomenracedtobeethefirsttoreachtheSouthPole.TheracetotheendoftheEarthwasoneofexcitement,peril(危險)andtragedy.Thetwomenhadthesameambition—tograboneofthefewremaininggeographical(地理的)prizesintheworld.Buttheirapproachestothetaskwerequitedifferent.Amundsenplannedhisexpedisecret.Meanwhilesecret.Meanwhile,Scott'striphadalotofmediaattention.Heeventookpayingguestswithhim.Amundsenmadecarefulpreparationsforhisjourney.Histeamarrangedsuppliesalongtheroute(路線)beforetheystartedthe1，800-mile(2，897-kilometer)journeyonOctober20,1911.Amundsensaidafterhehadwontherace:“Victoryawaitshimwhohaseverythinginorder.”Amundsenalsoknewfromexperiencetouseskis(滑雪板)anddogsleds(雪橇).Scott'steamwentformotorizedsleds,whichbrokedown,andhorses,whichcouldn'tsurvivethecold.AmundsenarrivedattheSouthPoleonDecember15,1911.Heandhismentookapicturetoshowtheywerereallythere;theyweren'tgoingtoleaveanyroomfordoubt.Beforetheirreturntrip,Amundsenpitched(搭建)atentandleftspareequipmentforScotttouse,alongwithaletterclaimingvictory.ScottarrivedatthePole—33daysafterAmundsen.A1.totheSouthPolemon2.BothmenwantedtobethefirsttoreachtheSouthPole.Different3.Amundsenplannedhisexpedition4.．Scott'striphadalotofmedia5..Amundsenmadecareful6.forhisjourney.·Histeamarrangedsuppliesalongthe7.．·Heusedskisanddogsleds.Scott'steamusedmotorizedsleds,whichbrokedown,andhorsesthatcouldn't8.thecold.Theouteoftherace·Amundsenar-rivedattheSouthPoleonDecember15,1911.·Heandhismentooka9.toshowtheywerereallythere.ScottarrivedatthePole33daysafterAmundsen,onlytofindatentandspare10.leftforthem,andaletterfromAmundsenclaimingvictory.答案：Ⅰ.1.解析：選C。句意：當這個運動員最終獲得奧運會金牌時，她多年的刻苦訓(xùn)練總算得到了回報。goon“繼續(xù)下去”；getthrough“完成，處理”；payoff“取得成功，奏效”；endup“最終處于……”。2．解析：選A。句意：你最好每天留出點時間來進行體育鍛煉，以便使你保持精力充沛。setaside“把……放置一旁；不理會；留出”；takeup“拿起；抱起；繼續(xù)”；putaway“收起來；放好；儲存”；giveout“分發(fā)；公布；耗盡”。3．解析：選C。getintothehabitofdoingsth.“養(yǎng)成做某事的習(xí)慣”，符合句意。einto“進來”；gointo“進去”；runinto“撞上；碰上”。4．解析：選B。句意：我的叔叔還不能戒煙，但是至少他少抽了一些。cutdown“削減，減少”，符合句意。cutout“剪下”，cutup“切成小塊”，cutoff“切掉，分割開”，均與句意不符。5．解析：選C?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意：母親總是抱怨孩子們很快就將鞋穿破了。findout“查明”；washout“沖掉”；wearout“穿破”；setout“著手，開始”。根據(jù)句意可知，C項正確。6．解析：選D。句意：依照慣例，為激勵自己，大學(xué)畢業(yè)生會在開始他們的人生旅程之前舉行一場畢業(yè)典禮。giveup“放棄，投降”；settledown“(在某地)定居下來，(使)安靜下來”；getthrough“完成，耗盡，用完”；setoff“出發(fā)，動身”。根據(jù)句意可知選D。7．解析：選A。句意：科學(xué)家研發(fā)出了一種新材料，這種材料過一段時間能分解進土壤里，而不會釋放任何有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)。breakdown“分解，化解”，符合句意。breakout“爆發(fā)”；getthrough“通過”；getoff“出發(fā)，下車”。8．解析：選D。句意：爸爸總在勸說我放下手機，融入鄰里的生活，但我就是不聽。getawayfrom“逃離或擺脫”，符合句意。getdownto“開始做”；geton