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高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省棗莊市薛城區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)ABostonBruinscaptainBradMarchand(BM)satdownforaninterviewwithSLKIDs(SIK)KidReporterRustySmith.SIK:WhydoyouthinkyouwerechosentobethecaptainoftheBruins?BM:IthinkIwaschosentobeacaptainfortheBruinsbecausewehaveaveryuniqueculturearoundhere.Wehavehadsomeincredibleleadersinthepast,andthereareveryhighexpectations.Ithinkwealsocouldhavehadmultipleguysthatcouldhavebeenacaptainthisyear.Iamvery,veryexcitedandfortunatetobenamedcaptain.SIK:Wereyoualeaderasakid?BM:Iwasaleaderattimes.ThereweretimeswhenIthinkIcouldhavebeenabetterleader.Ilearnedhowtobealeader,really,thelast10yearsbecauseIhavehadincredibleleadersaroundme,andIreallywantedtolearnfromthem.IbecameamuchbetterleaderasIgotolder.SIK:WhoisyourfavouriteleaderoutsideoftheBruins?BM:SidCrosbyisagreatleader.IplayedwithhimashorttimeandI’veknownhimforalongtimenow.Heisanincredibleleader.JonathanToewswasprobablythemostpreparedleaderatayoungagethatIhaveseen.Hecameinasacaptainveryyounginhiscareer.Iwasveryimpressedwithhowgreatofaleaderhewas.SIK:Whatadvicedoyouhaveforkidswhowanttobealeader?BM:Itisveryeasytogetcaughtupinbeingshyorbeingnervousortryingtobecoolwithingroupsofpeople.Alwaysbecautiousaboutdoingtherightthing.Ithinkabigthingistomakesurethatyouarealwaysdoingtherightthing,helpingpeopleoutregardlessofwhetheryourfriendsthinkit’scoolornot.Youalwayswanttobetheretostandupforpeoplethatcan’tstandupforthemselves.1.WhatdoesBMfeelabouthimselfasaleader?A.Incredible. B.Stressful. C.Confident. D.Incompetent.2.WhatdoweknowaboutJonathanToews?A.HeonceplayedwithBM. B.Hebecamealeaderatayoungage.C.Heisthemostsuccessfulplayer. D.HehaslearntfromBM.3.WhatadvicedoesBMgivekidsiftheywanttobeateamleader?A.Standupwhileyourteamareplaying. B.Trytoberightandcool.C.Becarefulaboutanything. D.Supportyourplayers.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了波士頓棕熊隊(duì)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)BradMarchand接受記者RustySmith采訪,分享自己對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的理解與建議?!?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段第二個(gè)問題的回答“Iwasaleaderattimes.ThereweretimeswhenIthinkIcouldhavebeenabetterleader.Ilearnedhowtobealeader,really,thelast10yearsbecauseIhavehadincredibleleadersaroundme,andIreallywantedtolearnfromthem.IbecameamuchbetterleaderasIgotolder.(我有時(shí)是個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。有些時(shí)候,我覺得自己本可以成為一個(gè)更優(yōu)秀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。實(shí)際上,在過去的十年里,我學(xué)會(huì)了如何成為一名領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,因?yàn)槲疑磉呌蟹浅3錾念I(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,而且我真的很想向他們學(xué)習(xí)。隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),我成為了一個(gè)更出色的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者)”可推知,BM對(duì)自己作為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者是充滿信心的。故選C?!?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第八段第三個(gè)問題的回答中“JonathanToewswasprobablythemostpreparedleaderatayoungagethatIhaveseen.Hecameinasacaptainveryyounginhiscareer.Iwasveryimpressedwithhowgreatofaleaderhewas.(JonathanToews可能是我見過的在年輕時(shí)就準(zhǔn)備充分的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。在他職業(yè)生涯還很年輕的時(shí)候就擔(dān)任了隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。他作為一名出色的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者給我留下了深刻的印象)”可知,JonathanToews在很年輕的時(shí)候就成為了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。故選B?!?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ithinkabigthingistomakesurethatyouarealwaysdoingtherightthing,helpingpeopleoutregardlessofwhetheryourfriendsthinkit’scoolornot.Youalwayswanttobetheretostandupforpeoplethatcan’tstandupforthemselves.(我認(rèn)為很重要的一點(diǎn)是要確保自己始終做正確的事,不管朋友們覺得這件事酷不酷,都要幫助他人。你應(yīng)該始終支持那些無(wú)法為自己挺身而出的人)”可知,BM給孩子們的建議是,如果他們想成為團(tuán)隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,就要支持那些不能為自己挺身而出的人,即支持你的隊(duì)員。故選D。BDad’scomb(梳子)wasjadegreen.IheardheboughtitwhenhemarriedMum,whichmadethecombtwoyearsolderthanIwas.Everynight,hewouldsmile,handmethecombandsay,“BeagoodgirlandhelpDaddycleanit,Ok?”Iwasmorethanhappytodoit.Atagefivethissimpletaskbroughtmesuchjoy.Iwouldexcitedlyturnthetap(水龍頭)on,thenbrushthecombwithausedtoothbrushashardasIcould.SatisfiedthatI’ddoneagoodjob,IwouldproudlyreturnthecombtoDad.Hewouldsmileatmeandplacethecombontopofhiswallet.Abouttwoyearslater,Dadlefthissalesjobandstartedhisownwholesalebusiness.Istartedprimaryschool.Thatwaswhenthingsstartedtochange.Hedidn’tcomehomeasmuchasheusedto—justacoupleoftimesaweek.Andwhenhedidcomehome,itwasalwayslateandI’dalreadybeinbed.Istartedtogetmad.Istoppedwaitingforhimtocomehome,andstoppedgoingdownstairstocheckonhim.Today,I’mnolongerakid.I’vegraduatedfromcollegeandgotajob.Dad’sbusinesshasgotbackontrack.Thingsarebetternow.YettheuncomfortablesilencebetweenDadandmepersisted.Twodaysbeforemybirthdaylastyear,Dadcamehomeearly.Asusual,Ihelpedhimcarryhisbagsintohisstudy.WhenIturnedtoleave,hesaid,“Hey,wouldyouliketohelpmecleanmycomb?”Ilookedathimawhile,thentookthecombandheadedtothesink.IpassedthecleancombbacktoDad.Helookedatitandsmiled.Butthistime,Inoticedsomethingdifferent.Mydadhasaged.Hehaswrinklesnexttohiseyeswhenhesmiles,yethissmileisstillasheartwarmingasbefore.Thesmileofafatherwhojustwantsagoodlifeforhisfamily.Dadcarefullyplacedhiscombontopofhiswallet.Aftersomanyyears,hestillorganizeshispersonalitemsinthesamecarefulway.Iguesssomethingsneverchange.Andforthat,I’mglad.4.WhatcausedtheuncomfortablesilencebetweenDadandme?A.MyignoranceofDad. B.Dad’sabsencefromthefamily.C.Generationgap. D.Dad’sfailureinbusiness.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDad?A.Humbleandrealistic. B.Demandingbutpatient.C.Gentlebutstrict. D.Hardworkingandcaring.6.WhydidDadaskhisdaughtertocleanhiscombbeforeherbirthday?A.Tofollowhisoldhabit. B.Topraiseherhelpfulness.C.Togiveheralesson. D.Tofixtheirrelationship.7.Whichsayingconcludesthetextbest?A.Somethingsneverchange. B.Likefather,likedaughter.C.Yesterdayoncemore. D.Letbygonesbebygones.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者小時(shí)候很喜歡給父親清理梳子,后來(lái)父親因?yàn)樯夥泵Τ2辉诩?,和作者逐漸疏遠(yuǎn)。直到后來(lái)在作者生日前兩天,作者才感受到有些事情永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變,這讓她感到很高興?!?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Abouttwoyearslater,Dadlefthissalesjobandstartedhisownwholesalebusiness.Istartedprimaryschool.Thatwaswhenthingsstartedtochange.Hedidn’tcomehomeasmuchasheusedto—justacoupleoftimesaweek.Andwhenhedidcomehome,itwasalwayslateandI’dalreadybeinbed.Istartedtogetmad.Istoppedwaitingforhimtocomehome,andstoppedgoingdownstairstocheckonhim.(大約兩年后,爸爸辭去了銷售工作,開始了自己的批發(fā)生意。我開始上小學(xué)。從那時(shí)起,事情開始發(fā)生變化。他不像以前那樣經(jīng)常回家了——一周只有幾次。當(dāng)他真的回家時(shí),總是很晚,而我已經(jīng)上床睡覺了。我開始生氣了。我不再等他回家,也不再下樓去看他。)”可知,父親經(jīng)常不在家里導(dǎo)致爸爸和作者之間令人不安的沉默。故選B?!?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Abouttwoyearslater,Dadlefthissalesjobandstartedhisownwholesalebusiness.Istartedprimaryschool.Thatwaswhenthingsstartedtochange.Hedidn’tcomehomeasmuchasheusedto—justacoupleoftimesaweek.Andwhenhedidcomehome,itwasalwayslateandI’dalreadybeinbed.Istartedtogetmad.Istoppedwaitingforhimtocomehome,andstoppedgoingdownstairstocheckonhim.(大約兩年后,爸爸辭去了銷售工作,開始了自己的批發(fā)生意。我開始上小學(xué)。從那時(shí)起,事情開始發(fā)生變化。他不像以前那樣經(jīng)?;丶伊恕恢苤挥袔状?。當(dāng)他真的回家時(shí),總是很晚,而我已經(jīng)上床睡覺了。我開始生氣了。我不再等他回家,也不再下樓去看他)”以及第五段“Twodaysbeforemybirthdaylastyear,Dadcamehomeearly.Asusual,Ihelpedhimcarryhisbagsintohisstudy.whenIturnedtoleave,hesaid,“Hey,wouldyouliketohelpmecleanmycomb?”Ilookedathimawhile,thentookthecombandheadedtothesink.(去年我生日的前兩天,爸爸提早回家了。像往常一樣,我?guī)退寻徇M(jìn)書房。當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)身要離開時(shí),他說(shuō):“嘿,你能幫我清理一下梳子嗎?”我看了他一會(huì)兒,然后拿著梳子走向水槽。)”可推知,父親為了生意早出晚歸,可見他努力工作,同時(shí)為了修復(fù)和女兒的關(guān)系,讓女兒在生日前給自己清理梳子,可見他關(guān)心他人。故選D?!?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Twodaysbeforemybirthdaylastyear,Dadcamehomeearly.Asusual,Ihelpedhimcarryhisbagsintohisstudy.whenIturnedtoleave,hesaid,“Hey,wouldyouliketohelpmecleanmycomb?”Ilookedathimawhile,thentookthecombandheadedtothesink.(去年我生日的前兩天,爸爸提早回家了。像往常一樣,我?guī)退寻徇M(jìn)書房。當(dāng)我轉(zhuǎn)身要離開時(shí),他說(shuō):“嘿,你能幫我清理一下梳子嗎?”我看了他一會(huì)兒,然后拿著梳子走向水槽。)”可知,爸爸要他的女兒在她生日前給他洗梳子是為了修復(fù)他們的關(guān)系。故選D?!?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Iguesssomethingsneverchange.Andforthat,I’mglad.(我想有些事情永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變。對(duì)此,我很高興。)”結(jié)合文章講述了作者小時(shí)候很喜歡給父親清理梳子,后來(lái)父親因?yàn)樯夥泵Τ2辉诩遥妥髡咧饾u疏遠(yuǎn)。直到后來(lái)在作者生日前兩天,父親提早回家并讓作者給自己清理梳子,并且像以前一樣,用同樣細(xì)致的方式整理自己的個(gè)人物品。作者認(rèn)為有些事情永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變,這讓她感到很高興。A選項(xiàng)“有些事情永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)改變”很好地總結(jié)了這篇文章。故選A。CLaurieSantos,thepsychologyprofessorbehindYaleUniversity’smostpopularcourse,recentlystartedafreesix-weekclassaimedatteenagers,called“ThescienceofWell-BeingforTeens”.Itwasdevelopedtoaddressrisingratesofanxietyanddepressionamongteenagersbetween9thand12thgrade.ShesaysinLessonNo.1,oneofthecourse’spre-recordedlectures:Yourbrainliestoyouaboutwhatmakesyouhappy.“Foradults,thismaymeanpursuingmoneyorsuccessatwork,andforteensthismightmeanfocusingontheperfectgradesandgettingintothebestcolleges,”Santossays.“Theproblemisn’tthatyou’renotputtingworkintofeelingbetter—it’sthatyou’redoingthewrongthings,prioritizing(優(yōu)先考慮)thewrongbehaviours.”Insteadoffocusingonreachingafinancialgoalorperfectgrade,youshouldaimtoprogrammeyourbrainwiththoughtsandbehavioursthatmakeyoufeelbetter,Santosrecommends.Regularlyconnectingwithfriends,takingcareofyourhealthandlearninghowtoacceptnegativeemotionsallcontributemoretoyourhappinessthanhavingtherightjob,carorrelationships,sheaddsinalecture.Thisteen-specificcourse,whichalreadyhasatleast17,000members,isremarkable.Morethanathirdofteensself-reportexperiencingpoormentalhealth,andnearlyhalffeelconstantsadnessorhopelessness,accordingtoaCentresforDiseaseControlandPreventionsurveythatcoveredstudentsthroughmid-2021.Thosenumbershadalreadyincreasedby40%from2009to2019.Santossaysshewantstohelpchangethosenumbersbymakingthescienceofhappinessaccessible.“Happinessisn’tjustaboutenjoyingyourday-to-daylife,”sheadds.“Ithelpsyoulandjobsandlivelonger,contributingtoyoursuccesswhenyou’renotreallyrunningafterit.”8.WhydidLaurieSantosstarttheclass?A.Toencourageyoungchildrentogetaperfectgrade.B.Tohelphighschoolersreduceanxietyanddepression.C.Toassistcollegestudentsinfindingagoodjob.D.TopromoteapopularclassinYaleUniversity.9.WhichofthefollowingshowsLaurieSantos’opinion?A.Richpeopleknowhowtoacceptnegativeemotions.B.Peopletodayknowwellhowtobehappier.C.Today’speopledon’tpursuehappinesscorrectly.D.Adultsdobetterinpursuinghappinessthanteens.10.WhatdothenumbersParagraph4mainlyindicate?A.Teenswereunhappierbeforemid-2021.B.Thiscoursegetswidelypopularnow.C.Teenagers’mentalhealthissuesareontherise.D.Manyteensaren’tawareoftheirmentalproblems.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AFreeCourseaboutHappinessforTeensB.AnxietyandDepressionofToday’sTeensC.TheReasonforanUnhappyLifeD.TheBestWaytoLiveaHappyLife【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是耶魯大學(xué)教授為青少年開設(shè)的幸??茖W(xué)課程,幫助他們應(yīng)對(duì)焦慮與抑郁,提升心理健康?!?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Itwasdevelopedtoaddressrisingratesofanxietyanddepressionamongteenagersbetween9thand12thgrade.(該課程是為了解決9年級(jí)到12年級(jí)青少年中焦慮和抑郁發(fā)病率上升的問題而開設(shè)的。)”可知,勞里?桑托斯開設(shè)這門課程是為了幫助高中生減少焦慮和抑郁。故選B項(xiàng)?!?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theproblemisn’tthatyou’renotputtingworkintofeelingbetter—it’sthatyou’redoingthewrongthings,prioritizingthewrongbehaviours.(問題不在于你沒有努力讓自己感覺更好,而在于你在做錯(cuò)誤的事情,優(yōu)先考慮錯(cuò)誤的行為。)”可知,她認(rèn)為人們現(xiàn)在追求快樂的方式不是很對(duì)。故選C項(xiàng)?!?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Morethanathirdofteensself-reportexperiencingpoormentalhealth,andnearlyhalffeelconstantsadnessorhopelessness,accordingtoaCentresforDiseaseControlandPreventionsurveythatcoveredstudentsthroughmid-2021.Thosenumbershadalreadyincreasedby40%from2009to2019.(根據(jù)美國(guó)疾病控制與預(yù)防中心一項(xiàng)涵蓋了截至2021年年中學(xué)生的調(diào)查,超過三分之一的青少年自我報(bào)告心理健康狀況不佳,近一半的人感到持續(xù)的悲傷或絕望。從2009年到2019年,這些數(shù)字已經(jīng)增加了40%。)”可知,第四段的數(shù)字主要表明青少年的心理健康問題在上升。故選C項(xiàng)?!?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“LaurieSantos,thepsychologyprofessorbehindYaleUniversity’smostpopularcourse,recentlystartedafreesix-weekclassaimedatteenagers,called“ThescienceofWell-BeingforTeens”.Itwasdevelopedtoaddressrisingratesofanxietyanddepressionamongteenagersbetween9thand12thgrade.(耶魯大學(xué)最受歡迎課程的幕后心理學(xué)教授勞里·桑托斯最近推出了一門面向青少年的免費(fèi)六周課程,名為“青少年幸福科學(xué)”。該課程旨在應(yīng)對(duì)9至12年級(jí)青少年日益上升的焦慮和抑郁問題。)”以及下文從心理學(xué)角度解釋的人們對(duì)幸福的誤解及正確獲取方式,以及該課程的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和社會(huì)價(jià)值可知,文章主要講述了耶魯大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授勞里?桑托斯開設(shè)了一門針對(duì)青少年的免費(fèi)六周課程“青少年幸??茖W(xué)”,旨在解決青少年焦慮和抑郁發(fā)病率上升的問題,所以題目“一門針對(duì)青少年的關(guān)于幸福的免費(fèi)課程”概括了文章的主題,適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DWhatisourpurpose?Whataimsshouldwepursuetolivearewardinglife?Thereisnomoreimportanttopicthanthemeaningofourlife.Amongmanybookswhichhelpusfindthemeaningoflife,Man’sSearchforMeaningisatthetopofmylist.ItwaswrittenbyAustrianpsychiatrist(精神病學(xué)家)ViktorFrankl,wholivedfrom1905to1997.Franklarguesthatourprimarytaskinlifeistoprovideitwithmeaning,whateverformthismaytake.Inthedeeplymovingbook,FranklrelatesthatthosewhomanagedtostayintouchwithwhatmadetheirlifemeaningfulintheNaziexterminationcampsweremorelikelytosurvive.Theirpersonalmeaningtookmanydifferentforms.Itcouldbeastrongdesiretoreturntoabelovedperson,orcompleteacreativeorintellectualproject,orsimplythestrongwishtohelpothers.Ifthereisapowerful“why”thatdrivesus,Frankldeclares,wecantoleratealmostany“how”.Franklbelievesthatwecandiscoverthemeaningoflifeinthreemainareas-bydoingadeedorcreatingawork;bymeetingwithsomeoneorexperiencingsomething;bytheattitudewetaketowardsunavoidablesuffering.Themeaningofourlifecanbecreativityinthebroadsenseoftheword.Thisincludesnotonlycreativeworksbutalsomerelymakingsomething,learningsomething,orbeingproductive.Meaningcanalsobefoundintheexperienceofloveandtheappreciationofbeauty,excellence,cultureandnature.Moreimportantly,Franklarguesthatmeaninghastobelocatedoutsideourselves.Ithastobediscoveredintheworldratherthaninourownsouls.“Beingahumanbeing,”hewrites,“alwayspointsandisdirectedtosomething,orsomeone,otherthanoneself-beitameaningtoachieveoranotherhumanbeingtomeet.”Frankl’sexistentialist(存在主義的)approach,then,invitesustoletgoofourobsession(迷戀)withourselvesandvaluessuchasself-realization,self-improvement,andhappiness.Instead,heurgesustofocusonthemeaningthatliesoutsidetheboundariesofourownsouls.12.WhatdoesFranklmeanbysayingtheunderlinedwords?A.Weareguidedbythepurposeoflife.B.Weareencouragedbymanyquestions.C.Weareforcedtodosomethingunusual.D.Weareurgedtofindthesecretofsuccess.13.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howtodefinethemeaningoflife. B.Whythemeaningoflifeisimportant.C.Howtofindthemeaningoflife. D.Whyweneedthemeaningoflife.14.WhatshouldwefocusonaccordingtoViktorFrankl?A.Finishinganambitiousproject. B.Makingadifferencetoothers.C.Pursuinggreatsuccess. D.Strugglingforhappiness.15.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Ashortstory.C.Adiaryentry. D.Abookreview.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇書評(píng),主要講述了奧地利精神病學(xué)家維克多?弗蘭克爾在其著作《活出生命的意義》中關(guān)于生命意義的觀點(diǎn),包括如何找到生命的意義以及生命的意義應(yīng)存在于自身之外等內(nèi)容?!?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Franklarguesthatourprimarytaskinlifeistoprovideitwithmeaning,whateverformthismaytake.Inthedeeplymovingbook,FranklrelatesthatthosewhomanagedtostayintouchwithwhatmadetheirlifemeaningfulintheNaziexterminationcampsweremorelikelytosurvive.Theirpersonalmeaningtookmanydifferentforms.Itcouldbeastrongdesiretoreturntoabelovedperson,orcompleteacreativeorintellectualproject,orsimplythestrongwishtohelpothers.Ifthereisapowerful“why”thatdrivesus, Frankldeclares,wecantoleratealmostany“how” .(弗蘭克爾認(rèn)為,我們生活中的首要任務(wù)是賦予它意義,無(wú)論這種意義以何種形式存在。在這本感人的書中,弗蘭克爾講述了那些在納粹滅絕營(yíng)中設(shè)法與使他們的生活有意義的東西保持聯(lián)系的人更有可能活下來(lái)。他們的個(gè)人意義有許多不同的形式。這可能是一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的愿望,回到一個(gè)心愛的人,或完成一個(gè)創(chuàng)造性或智力項(xiàng)目,或只是強(qiáng)烈的愿望,以幫助他人。弗蘭克爾宣稱,如果有一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的“為什么”驅(qū)動(dòng)著我們,我們幾乎可以容忍任何“如何”)”可推知,弗蘭克爾的意思是我們是由生命的目的所引導(dǎo)的。故選A?!?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Franklbelievesthatwecandiscoverthemeaningoflifeinthreemainareas-bydoingadeedorcreatingawork;bymeetingwithsomeoneorexperiencingsomething;bytheattitudewetaketowardsunavoidablesuffering.(弗蘭克爾認(rèn)為,我們可以在三個(gè)主要方面發(fā)現(xiàn)生命的意義——通過做一件事或創(chuàng)造一件作品;通過遇見某人或經(jīng)歷某事;通過我們對(duì)不可避免的苦難所采取的態(tài)度)”可知,第三段主要講述的是如何找到生命的意義。故選C。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Moreimportantly,Franklarguesthatmeaninghastobelocatedoutsideourselves.Ithastobediscoveredintheworldratherthaninourownsouls.Beingahumanbeing,”hewrites,“alwayspointsandisdirectedtosomething,orsomeone,otherthanoneself-beitameaningtoachieveoranotherhumanbeingtomeet(更重要的是,弗蘭克爾認(rèn)為意義必須存在于我們自身之外。它必須在世界中被發(fā)現(xiàn),而不是在我們自己的靈魂中。他寫道:“作為一個(gè)人,總是指向并導(dǎo)向自己以外的某事或某人——無(wú)論是要實(shí)現(xiàn)的意義還是要遇見的另一個(gè)人”)”以及第五段“Instead,heurgesustofocusonthemeaningthatliesoutsidetheboundariesofourownsouls.(相反,他敦促我們關(guān)注存在于我們自己靈魂邊界之外的意義)”可推知,維克多?弗蘭克爾認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該專注于對(duì)他人產(chǎn)生影響。故選B。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Amongmanybookswhichhelpusfindthemeaningoflife,Man’sSearchforMeaningisatthetopofmylist.ItwaswrittenbyAustrianpsychiatristViktorFrankl...(在許多幫助我們找到生命意義的書中,《活出生命的意義》是我的首選。它是由奧地利精神病學(xué)家維克多?弗蘭克爾所著……)”以及后文對(duì)書中關(guān)于生命意義觀點(diǎn)的闡述可知,本文是一篇書評(píng)。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyoufeelenergizedwhenyouseered?Doesthecolorbluemakeyoufeelcalmandrelaxed?Artistsandindoordesignershavelongbelievedthatcolorcandramaticallyaffectmoods,feelings,andemotions.Whileunderstandingofcolorissomewhatsubjective,____16____Redcolorsareknownaswarmcolorsandincludered,orange,andyellow.Thesewarmcolorsreflectemotionsrangingfromfeelingsofwarmthandcomforttofeelingsofanger.____17____Thesecolorsareoftendescribedascalm,butcanalsocalltomindfeelingsofsadnessorindifference.____18____certaincolorshavebeenassociatedwithpsychologicalchanges.Takeamomenttothinkaboutafamiliarspacetoyou,isthereacolorthatstandsoutaboutthatspace?Thinkaboutyourclothesandhowdifferentcoloredclothingmakesyoufeelwhenyouwearthem.Perhapsthenexttimeyouarefeelingkindofblah(無(wú)趣),thinkaboutthisandseeifyourmoodshiftsbywearingadifferentcolor.Manytimes,it’sthesmallthingsthatcanhavethelargestimpact.Colorcanplayanimportantroleinconveyinginformationandcreatingcertainmoods.____19____peopleoftenselectobjectsincolorsthatreflectcertainmoodsorfeelings,liketheclothestheywear,andthewaytheydecoratetheirenvironments.Peopleoftenpaintabedroomasoftgreentocreateapeacefulmood.Thescientificexplorationofcolorpsychologyisrelativelynew,butpeoplehavelongbeeninterestedinthenatureandimpactofcolor.Inancientcultures,colorswereoftenusedtotreatdifferentconditionsandinfluenceemotions.____20____Nexttime,youcanthinktwicebeforedecidingacolor.A.Colorhasawiderange.B.Colorisapowerfulmentaltool.C.Itinfluencesthedecisionspeoplemake.D.somecolorsareinfavorofdifferentpeople.E.somecoloreffectshaveuniversalmeanings.F.Theyalsoplayedaroleindifferentspiritualpractices.G.Bluecolorsareknownascoolcolorsandincludeblue,purpleandgreen.【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.C20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了顏色心理學(xué)的相關(guān)概念,顏色在日常生活的方方面面影響著人們。【16題詳析】根據(jù)空處前半句“Whileunderstandingofcolorissomewhatsubjective,(雖然對(duì)顏色的理解有些主觀,)”可知,人們對(duì)于顏色的理解往往是主觀的。又根據(jù)下段內(nèi)容可知,人們對(duì)于不同的色調(diào)有著相似的理解。所以E項(xiàng)“somecoloreffectshaveuniversalmeanings.(一些顏色效果有著通用的含義。)”既承接前半句,又引出下文,符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?!?7題詳析】根據(jù)第二段首句“Redcolorsareknownaswarmcolorsandincludered,orange,andyellow.(紅色系被稱為暖色,包括紅色、橙色和黃色。)”可知,紅色系是暖色,這些暖色反映出從溫暖舒適到憤怒等各種情緒。又根據(jù)空后下句“Thesecolorsareoftendescribedascalm,butcanalsocalltomindfeelingsofsadnessorindifference.(這些顏色通常被描述為平靜,但也會(huì)讓人想起悲傷或冷漠的感覺。)”可知,空處描述了另一種色系。G選項(xiàng)“Bluecolorsareknownascoolcolorsandincludeblue,purpleandgreen.(藍(lán)色系被稱為冷色,包括藍(lán)色、紫色和綠色。)”描述了藍(lán)色系,符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。【18題詳析】根據(jù)空處下句“certaincolorshavebeenassociatedwithpsychologicalchanges.(某些顏色與心理變化有關(guān)。)”可知,本段主要敘述了顏色對(duì)于人們心理的影響。B項(xiàng)“Colorisapowerfulmentaltool.(顏色是一個(gè)有力的心理工具)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?!?9題詳析】根據(jù)段首句“Colorcanplayanimportantroleinconveyinginformationandcreatingcertainmoods.(顏色在傳遞信息和創(chuàng)造某種情緒方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。)”和空處后句“peopleoftenselectobjectsincolorsthatreflectcertainmoodsorfeelings,liketheclothestheywear,andthewaytheydecoratetheirenvironments.(人們經(jīng)常選擇那些能反映特定情緒或感覺的顏色的物體,比如他們穿的衣服和他們裝飾環(huán)境的方式。)”可知,顏色能夠影響人們的決定,C項(xiàng)“Itinfluencesthedecisionspeoplemake.(它影響人們做的決定。)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?!?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前一句“Inancientcultures,colorswereoftenusedtotreatdifferentconditionsandinfluenceemotions.(在古代文化中,顏色經(jīng)常被用來(lái)治療不同的情況和影響情緒。)”可知,在古代文化中,顏色的作用。那么緊接前文,F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Theyalsoplayedaroleindifferentspiritualpractices.(他們還在不同的精神實(shí)踐中發(fā)揮著作用。)”表示了顏色在古代的其他作用,選項(xiàng)中的also和過去時(shí)是解題的關(guān)鍵,符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Severalyearsago,aneighbourkidkickedafootballandbrokeabasementwindowofmyhouse.Duetofinancialproblems,I____21____itup,thinkingI’dgettoitsomeday.Overtheyear,Ihadplannedtoupgradetoenergy-efficientwindows.Butwiththeframe(窗框)rusted(銹)andfirmly____22____inthefoundation,whoeverdiditwouldneedtochisel(鑿)itoutbyhand.Itwouldbea____23____processandthereweresixofthosewindowsinthehouse.Thecostwasestimatedat$15,000.Itwassimply____24____.Honestly,thethoughtofthatwindow____25____meforyears.IknewIneededtofixit,butIhadbuiltupthe____26____somuchinmymindthatIputitoffagainandagain.ThenIhadajobchangeandneededtosellthehousebeforemovingaway.Butitwasalmost____27____tofindabuyeriftherewasabrokenwindow.SoIpulledofftheboardstofacethisthinghead-on.Igrabbedsomerustremover,spreaditaroundtheframeofthe____28____,andgaveitapull.Tomyastonishment,iteasily____29____.Itookthewindowdowntown.Itonlycostme$12.Icouldhave____30____theproblemforonly$12whenitoccurred,butIletitbothermeforfiveyears!____31____thisisn’tjustaboutmywindow.Manyofuslivewithbrokenwindowsofonetypeoranother.Theyarethingsthatseriouslyaffectour____32____oflife.Ifyourecognizeyourbrokenwindow,don’t____33____tomendit.Itmayturnouttobe____34____thanexpected.Usuallywesuffermoreina(n)____35____thaninreality.21.A.tore B.boarded C.packed D.stirred22.A.lost B.mixed C.buried D.stuck23.A.labour-consuming B.brain-burning C.energy-wasting D.risk-taking24.A.inamess B.beyondcontrol C.outofreach D.beyonddescription25.A.failed B.evaluated C.rewarded D.disturbed26.A.difficulty B.confidence C.confusion D.harm27.A.realistic B.impossible C.abnormal D.unfair28.A.house B.door C.window D.picture29.A.broke B.moved C.fell D.missed30.A.considered B.ignored C.delayed D.handled31.A.Unexpectedly B.Actually C.Luckily D.Consequently32.A.meaning B.way C.quality D.pace33.A.pretend B.guarantee C.attempt D.hesitate34.A.worse B.easier C.rarer D.tougher35.A.imagination B.principle C.practice D.memory【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.A27.B28.C29.B30.D31.B32.C33.D34.B35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述作者多年后終于修好破損窗戶的經(jīng)歷,并由此引申出對(duì)生活中“心理障礙遠(yuǎn)大于現(xiàn)實(shí)困難”的哲理反思?!?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:由于經(jīng)濟(jì)問題,我用木板把它封上了,想著總有一天我會(huì)去修的。A.tore撕開;B.boarded用木板封??;C.packed打包;D.stirred攪拌。根據(jù)下文“SoIpulledofftheboardstofacethisthinghead-on.”可知,作者之前用木板把窗戶封上了。故選B?!?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:但窗框生銹了,牢牢地卡在墻基里,無(wú)論誰(shuí)來(lái)做,都得用手鑿出來(lái)。A.lost丟失;B.mixed混合;C.buried埋葬;D.stuck卡住。根據(jù)下文“whoeverdiditwouldneedtochisel(鑿)itoutbyhand”可知,窗框牢牢地卡在墻基里,需要手動(dòng)鑿出來(lái)。故選D?!?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這將是一個(gè)耗費(fèi)體力的過程,而且房子里有六扇這樣的窗戶。A.labour-consuming耗費(fèi)體力的;B.brain-burning燒腦的;C.energy-wasting浪費(fèi)能源的;D.risk-taking冒險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)下文“whoeverdiditwouldneedtochisel(鑿)itoutbyhand”可知,手動(dòng)鑿出窗框是一項(xiàng)耗費(fèi)體力的工作。故選A?!?4題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:這根本不可能。A.inamess亂七八糟;B.beyondcontrol無(wú)法控制;C.outofreach夠不著,遙不可及;D.beyonddescription難以形容。根據(jù)上文“Thecostwasestimatedat$15,000.”可知,維修費(fèi)用高達(dá)15000美元,對(duì)于作者來(lái)說(shuō)根本負(fù)擔(dān)不起,即根本不可能。故選C?!?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:說(shuō)實(shí)話,多年來(lái),那扇窗戶的問題困擾了我很多年。A.failed失??;B.evaluated評(píng)估;C.rewarded獎(jiǎng)勵(lì);D.disturbed困擾。根據(jù)下文“butIletitbothermeforfiveyears”可知,這扇窗戶的問題多年來(lái)一直困擾著作者。故選D?!?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我知道我需要修理它,但我在心里已經(jīng)把困難放大了太多,以至于我一次又一次地推遲。A.difficulty困難;B.confidence信心;C.confusion困惑;D.harm傷害。根據(jù)上文“Itwouldbeaprocessandthereweresixofthosewindowsinthehouse.”及下文“Iputitoffagainandagain”可知,作者認(rèn)為修理窗戶很困難,心里把困難放大了,所以才會(huì)一再拖延。故選A?!?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:但是如果有一扇破窗戶,幾乎不可能找到買家。A.realistic現(xiàn)實(shí)的;B.impossible不可能的;C.abnormal不正常的;D.unfair不公平的。根據(jù)上文“ThenIhadajobchangeandneededtosellthehousebeforemovingaway.”可知,作者需要賣房子,房子有破窗戶的話,幾乎不可能找到買家。故選B?!?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我拿了一些除銹劑,涂在窗戶框周圍,然后拉了一下。A.house房子;B.door門;C.window窗戶;D.picture圖片。根據(jù)上文“theframe(窗框)rusted(銹)”及“SoIpulledofftheboardstofacethisthinghead-on.”可知,窗戶的窗框生銹了,所以作者是把除銹劑涂在窗戶框周圍。故選C?!?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:令我吃驚的是,它很容易就移動(dòng)了。A.broke打破;B.moved移動(dòng);C.fell掉落;D.missed錯(cuò)過。根據(jù)上文“gaveitapull”及“Tomyastonishment”可知,作者拉了一下,窗戶很容易就移動(dòng)了。故選B?!?0題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:事情發(fā)生時(shí),我本可以只花12美元就解決這個(gè)問題,但我讓它困擾了我五年!A.considered考慮;B.ignored忽視;C.delayed推遲;D.handled處理。根據(jù)下文“butIletitbothermeforfiveyears!”可知,作者讓窗戶問題困擾了自己五年,這里表示本可以花12美元就解決問題。故選D?!?1題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:實(shí)際上,這不僅僅是我的窗戶問題。A.Unexpectedly出乎意料地;B.Actually實(shí)際上;C.Luckily幸運(yùn)地;D.Consequently因此。根據(jù)下文“Manyofuslivewithbrokenwindowsofonetypeoranother.”可知,這里是說(shuō)實(shí)際上,這不僅僅是作者窗戶的問題,而是很多人都會(huì)遇到的問題。故選B?!?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:它們是嚴(yán)重影響我們生活質(zhì)量的事情。A.meaning意義;B.way方式;C.quality質(zhì)量;D.pace步伐。根據(jù)上文“itbothermeforfiveyears”可知,這些“破窗戶”困擾作者多年,嚴(yán)重影響生活質(zhì)量。故選C?!?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的“破窗戶”,就不要猶豫去修理它。A.pretend假裝;B.guarantee保證;C.attempt嘗試;D.hesitate猶豫。根據(jù)上文作者因?yàn)楠q豫而讓破窗戶問題困擾自己多年可知,這里是說(shuō)不要猶豫去修理“破窗”。故選D。【34題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:結(jié)果可能比預(yù)期的要容易。A.worse更糟的;B.easier更容易的;C.rarer更罕見的;D.tougher更艱難的。根據(jù)上文“Itonlycostme$12.”可知,作者本以為修理窗戶很難,結(jié)果只花了12美元就解決了問題,事情結(jié)果可能比預(yù)期的要容易。故選B?!?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:通常我們?cè)谙胂笾性馐艿耐纯啾仍诂F(xiàn)實(shí)中更多。A.imagination想象;B.principle原則;C.practice實(shí)踐;D.memory記憶。根據(jù)上文“Icouldhavetheproblemforonly$12whenitoccurred,butIletitbothermeforfiveyears!”可知,作者因?yàn)橄胂笾械睦щy而讓問題困擾了自己五年,實(shí)際上修理起來(lái)很容易。因此,作者認(rèn)為我們通常我們?cè)谙胂笾性馐艿耐纯啾仍诂F(xiàn)實(shí)中更多。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Ifyouweretoldtostopfrombreathingthroughyournose,couldyoudoit?JournalistNestormadeitforabout10days,____36____(plug)uphisnoseandbreathin
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