高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省濟(jì)寧市兗州區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。AAreyouinterestedinhowmarine(海洋的)ecosystemswork?Doyouwanttoknowmoreaboutmarineanimals?BowlingGreenStateUniversity(BGSU)hasoneofthefewcampsintheMidwestwherehighschoolstudentscanexplorelifeatsea!CampDates:June8-13、2025Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?·FieldtripstolocationsaroundNorthwestOhiotoexaminemarinelifeandenvironments·Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen(標(biāo)本)collectionprocedures·Designandrunanexperimentinourresearchlab·Behind-the-scenetriptotheToledoZootolearnaboutmarineanimals·MeetprofessionalstolearnwhatitmeanstobeamarinescientistWhatdoesthecostcover?TheBGSUMarineBiologycampwillofferbothresidentialandnon-residentialoptions.Thecostofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.ApplicationRequirements·Letterofrecommendation·Completetheonlineform·Completeresponsestoshort-answerquestionsNote:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.ApplicationDeadlines·March2,2025—Tobeconsideredforearlyadmission.ApplicantswillbeinformedbyMarch14.·April25.2025—GeneralApplicationDeadline.Note:Allspacesmayfillafterselectionfromtheearlyadmissiondeadline.21.Whatdoesthecampoffer?A.Samplegatheringpractice.B.Fieldtripstonaturemuseums.C.Researchlabmembership.D.Lecturesonmarineknowledge.22.Whatistheearlyadmissioncostfortheresidentialoption?A.$400. B.$765.C.$1,125. D.$1,250.23.Whichofthefollowingwillresultinanapplicant’sdisqualification?A.Forgettingtoconfirmadmission.B.Providingresponsesgivenbyothers.C.Missingtheearlyapplicationdeadline.D.Failingtorecommendotherapplicants.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了鮑林格林州立大學(xué)的夏令營，高中生可以在那里探索海上生活?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?(營員們可以參加哪些活動？)”部分中“Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen(標(biāo)本)collectionprocedures(實踐標(biāo)本收集程序)”可知，該夏令營提供標(biāo)本收集練習(xí)，故選A。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whatdoesthecostcover?(費用包括什么？)”部分中“Thecostofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.(非住宿項目的費用為850美元，住宿項目的額外費用為400美元。項目總費用包括食宿費、實驗室和活動的所有材料以及實地考察的交通費。提前加入可享受九折優(yōu)惠)”可知，住宿項目總費用為850+400=1250美元，提前加入可以享受九折優(yōu)惠，即1250×90%=1125美元，故選C?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ApplicationRequirements(申請要求)”部分中“Note:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.(注：由申請人以外的人提供的問題的答案將取消申請資格)”可知，提供別人給出的答案會導(dǎo)致申請人被取消資格，故選B。BLikemanynewgraduates,IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow,butIhadnoideahowtodothat.That’swhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject.IstartedmyjourneyasaLighthouseProjectvolunteerbyreadingasmuchasIcouldabouttheexperiencesofpreviousvolunteers.Iknewitwouldbealotofhardwork,andthatIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriendsforaverylongtime.Inshort,IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededforapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater,Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportforduty.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillagenearAbuja,Nigeria.Where?What?Nigeria?Ihadnoidea.ButIwasabouttofindout.Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,food,andheartsasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.ButIsometimesthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.Sometimeduringthatperiod,Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid,thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage,andreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.24.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.HefelthonoredtostudyEnglishliterature.B.Hetookprideinhavingcontributedtotheworld.C.Hisdreamatuniversitywastobecomeavolunteer.D.Hisuniversityeducationfocusedontheoreticalknowledge.25.Howwasthewriter’sapplicationprocess?A.Awkward. B.Entertaining. C.Complicated. D.Effortless.26.Whatdidthewriterdointhevillage?A.Helpingvillagersbuildhospitals. B.Servingasateacher.C.Raisingmoneyforhisstudents. D.InvitinglocalstoenterhisProject.27.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ALife-changingVoluntaryExperienceB.TheMemorableandRewardinglifeinAbujaC.LighthouseProject—ThePromiseofAfricanEducationD.LighthouseProject—AVolunteerOrganizationforNewGraduates【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為一名新畢業(yè)生，如何通過參與LighthouseProject成為一名志愿者，并在這個過程中經(jīng)歷了個人成長和轉(zhuǎn)變?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的句子“Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.(我的英語文學(xué)學(xué)位，雖然是榮譽(yù)學(xué)位，但并沒有真正為我準(zhǔn)備任何實際的工作。)”可知，作者的大學(xué)教育側(cè)重于理論知識。故選D項。【25題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的句子“Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.(經(jīng)過無數(shù)次的面試和演講，我設(shè)法在候選人中脫穎而出，獨自通過了測試。)”可知，申請過程是復(fù)雜的。故選C項?！?6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段的句子“Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,food,andheartsasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.(完成訓(xùn)練后，我被送到一個非常需要適當(dāng)住所的小村莊。雖然當(dāng)?shù)卮迕窈芨F，但他們把房子、食物和愛心都奉獻(xiàn)給了我，就好像我是他們自己的家人一樣。我被要求帶領(lǐng)一小隊當(dāng)?shù)厝私ㄔ煲凰滦Ｉ?。在接下來的一年左右的時間里，我在同一所學(xué)校教書。)”可知，作者在村里擔(dān)任教師。故選B項?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，特別是最后一段“Sometimeduringthatperiod,Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid,thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage,andreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.(在那段時間的某個時候，我意識到所有那些對我來說似乎很奇怪或不尋常的事情都不再存在了，盡管我對當(dāng)?shù)氐恼Z言一無所知，回到美國后，我變成了另一個人。LighthouseProject永遠(yuǎn)地改變了我的生活。)”可知，文章主要講述了作者作為一名新畢業(yè)生，如何通過參與LighthouseProject成為一名志愿者，并在這個過程中經(jīng)歷了個人成長和轉(zhuǎn)變。因此，最佳標(biāo)題是“ALife-changingVoluntaryExperience(一次改變?nèi)松闹驹附?jīng)歷)”。故選A項。CWorkingoutfor30minuteseveryday“mightnotbeenough”tofightagainstthehealthproblemscreatedbylongtimesitting,accordingtoasweepingnewstudy.Thenewstudy,unlikethepastonesthatexaminedsittingandformalexerciseseparately,payinglittleattentiontolightactivities,involved3,702peopletofindouthowthoseallaffectedpeople’shealthindices(指數(shù)).Withthedatacollected,researcherscharacterizedpeoplebyhowtheymoved.Thefirstgroupdutifullyexercisedforahalf-hourandthensat,almostnonstop,formorethan10hoursaday.Anothergroupsimilarlyworkedoutfor30minutesandsatforlonghours.But,inbetween,theyroseoftenandtookwalksaround,spendingtimeinlightactivitieslikefetchinganothercupofcoffee.Thethirdgroupsat,withoutanystop,forupto10hours,butalsocollectedanhourofexercisemostdays.Thefinalgroup,whichtheresearchersnamed“themovers,”exercisedaboutanhourmostdays,whilealsomovinglightlyforabouttwohoursmore.Whentheresearcherscross-checkedthesegroupsagainstpeople’scurrenthealthdata,thefirstgrouphadtheworstindices.Differentfromthefirstgroup,theothergroupswereallbetteroffandtoaboutthesameextent,withrelativelyimprovedbloodsugarcontrolandcholesterol(膽固醇)levelsandabout8percentlessbodyfatthanthefirstgroup.“Asingle30-minute,dailyworkout‘mightnotbeenough’toreducethebadeffectsoflongtimesitting,”saidVahidFarrahi,theleadauthorofthenewstudy.“Inadditiontoabrisk(輕快的)workout,weneedtomovelightlyandoften,cleaning,takingthestairs,takingawalkinthehallsorjustnotremainingstill.”28.Howisthenewstudydifferentfromthepreviousones?A.Itexaminedsittingandexerciseseparately.B.Itprovedthatlightactivitieswereignored.C.Ittooklightactivitiesintoconsideration.D.Itsuggestedworkingoutforahalf-hour.29.WhatdowelearnfromParagraph3and4?A.Thefirstgroupspentonehouronlightactivitiesafterlongsitting.B.Thesecondgroupgotsimilarimprovedhealthindicesasthemovers.C.Thethirdgroupcollectedanhour’sexerciseduring10hours’sitting.D.Themoversgotupevery30minutesforformalexerciseforfourhours.30.Whatlightactivityissuggestedtotakeinthelastparagraph?A.Readingwhilesitting. B.Swimminginthepool.C.Workingoutinthegym. D.Walkinginthegymhall.31.WhatcanweinferfromVahid’swords?A.Workingoutharderandlongerisbetterthanjustmovinglightly.B.It’sbettertoexercisemoreoftenthanhalfanhoureveryday.C.Movinglightlyandoftenismoreusefulthanwehavethought.D.A30-minuteworkouthaslittlehelpforlongtimesittingproblems.【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要通過一篇新的研究介紹了每天鍛煉三十分鐘可能不足以對抗久坐帶來的健康問題?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thenewstudy,unlikethepastonesthatexaminedsittingandformalexerciseseparately,payinglittleattentiontolightactivities,involved3,702peopletofindouthowthoseallaffectedpeople’shealthindices(指數(shù)).(過去的研究將坐著和正式鍛煉分開研究，極少關(guān)注輕度活動。新研究與過去的研究不同，對3702人進(jìn)行了調(diào)查，以便找出所有這些活動是如何影響人們健康指數(shù)的。)”可知，新的研究與過去的研究的不同之處在于它把輕度活動一并納入了研究之中。故選C。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Anothergroupsimilarlyworkedoutfor30minutesandsatforlonghours.But,inbetween,theyroseoftenandtookwalksaround,spendingtimeinlightactivitieslikefetchinganothercupofcoffee.(另一組同樣每天鍛煉30分鐘，長時間坐著。但是，在休息期間，他們會經(jīng)常起床，四處走走，花時間做一些輕松的活動，比如再拿一杯咖啡。)”、“Thefinalgroup,whichtheresearchersnamed“themovers,”exercisedaboutanhourmostdays,whilealsomovinglightlyforabouttwohoursmore.(最后一組被研究人員稱為“運動者”，他們每天鍛煉大約一個小時，同時還會多運動大約兩個小時。)”以及第四段“Whentheresearcherscross-checkedthesegroupsagainstpeople’scurrenthealthdata,thefirstgrouphadtheworstindices.Differentfromthefirstgroup,theothergroupswereallbetteroffandtoaboutthesameextent,withrelativelyimprovedbloodsugarcontrolandcholesterol(膽固醇)levelsandabout8percentlessbodyfatthanthefirstgroup.(當(dāng)研究人員將這些群體與人們目前的健康數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行交叉檢查時，第一組的指數(shù)最差。與第一組不同，其他組的情況都有所改善，而且程度大致相同，血糖控制和膽固醇水平都相對改善，體脂比第一組減少了8%左右。)”可知，第二組的健康指數(shù)像“運動者”一樣得到類似的改善。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“But,inbetween,theyroseoftenandtookwalksaround,spendingtimeinlightactivitieslikefetchinganothercupofcoffee.(但是，在這段時間里，他們經(jīng)常站起來四處散步，花時間做一些輕松的活動，比如再拿一杯咖啡。)”以及第五段“Inadditiontoabrisk(輕快的)workout,weneedtomovelightlyandoften,cleaning,takingthestairs,takingawalkinthehallsorjustnotremainingstill.(除了輕快的鍛煉外，我們還需要經(jīng)常輕輕地移動，打掃衛(wèi)生、走樓梯、在大廳里散步，或者只是不要靜止不動。)”可知，作者建議做一些輕松的活動，比如拿咖啡、打掃衛(wèi)生、爬樓梯、散步。由此推知，在體育場里散步屬于輕松的運動。故選D。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Asingle30-minute,dailyworkout‘mightnotbeenough’toreducethebadeffectsoflongtimesitting,”saidVahidFarrahi,theleadauthorofthenewstudy.“Inadditiontoabrisk(輕快的)workout,weneedtomovelightlyandoften,cleaning,takingthestairs,takingawalkinthehallsorjustnotremainingstill.”(VahidFarrahi說：“每天一次30分鐘的鍛煉“可能不足以”減少長時間坐著的負(fù)面影響。除了輕快的鍛煉外，我們還需要經(jīng)常輕輕地移動，打掃衛(wèi)生、走樓梯、在大廳里散步，或者只是不要靜止不動。”)”可知，VahidFarrahi認(rèn)為每天只運動三十分鐘不足以降低久坐的負(fù)面影響，因此建議人們經(jīng)常性輕微運動。由此推知，經(jīng)常性的輕松運動對人是有好處的。故選C。DWiththerapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence,DeepSeek,aChineseAIcompany,hasestablisheditselfasapioneerineducationaltechnology.Itslatestmodel,DeepSeek-R1,combinesadvancedmachinelearningmethodstoprovidepersonalizedlearningsolutionsforstudentsworldwide.UnliketraditionalAImodelsthatrelyonpre-programmedanswers,DeepSeekR1usesreinforcement(強(qiáng)化)learningtosimulatehumanreasoning.Thisallowsittoguidestudentsthroughproblem-solvingstepbystep,muchlikeapatienttutor.Forexample,whenastudentstruggleswithamathequation,DeepSeek-R1doesn’tjustgivetheanswer;itbreaksdownthelogic,identifieserrors,andencouragescriticalthinking.Themodel’sapplicationsextendbeyondacademics.Inlanguagelearning,itanalyzesstudents’pronunciationthroughAIspeechrecognitionandoffersreal-timefeedback.Forteachers,DeepSeek-R1cangeneratelessonplansalignedwithcurriculumstandardsandevenpredictstudents’learningdifficultiesbasedonhistoricaldata.Its“adaptivetesting”featurecreatescustomizedquizzesthatadjustdifficultyaccordingtoindividualprogress.However,challengesremain.Criticsarguethatover-relianceonAImightreducehumaninteractionineducation.DeepSeek’sdevelopersaddressthisbyemphasizingitsroleasa“supplement,notareplacement.”AsDr.Li,aDeepSeekresearcher,stated,“Ourgoalistofreeteachersfromrepetitivetaskssotheycanfocusoninspiringcreativity.”Lookingahead,DeepSeekaimstointegratevirtualreality(VR)intoitsplatform,allowingstudentstoexplorehistoricaleventsorscientificconceptsinimmersive3Denvironments.WhileethicaldebatesaboutAIineducationpersist,onethingisclear:toolslikeDeepSeekarereshapinghowwelearn,blendingtechnologywithhumanwisdom.32.WhatmakesDeepSeek-R1differentfromtraditionalAImodels?A.Itusespre-programmedanswers.B.Itfocusesonmemorizationtechniques.C.Itreplacesteachersinclassrooms.D.Itemploysreinforcementlearningforreasoning.33.Theunderlinedword“customized”inParagraph3mostlikelymeans______.A.fixed B.tailored C.complicated D.randomized34.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDeepSeek’sfutureplans?A.VRtechnologywillstrengtheninteractivelearning.B.Itwillremoveallclassroomactivities.C.Itprioritizesprofitovermoraldiscussions.D.TeacherswilllosetheirjobstoAI.35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvertiseDeepSeekproducts.B.TocriticizetherisksofAIinschools.C.TodiscussAI’sroleintransformingeducation.D.TocomparedifferentAImodels.【答案】32.D33.B34.A35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人工智能DeepSeek公司的DeepSeek-R1模型，它在教育領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，如提供個性化學(xué)習(xí)解決方案、輔助教師教學(xué)等，還提到了它面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及未來計劃?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“UnliketraditionalAImodelsthatrelyonpre-programmedanswers,DeepSeekR1usesreinforcement(強(qiáng)化)learningtosimulatehumanreasoning.(與依賴預(yù)編程答案的傳統(tǒng)人工智能模型不同，DeepSeekR1使用強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)來模擬人類推理。)”可知，DeepSeek-R1使用強(qiáng)化學(xué)習(xí)來模擬人類推理，這與傳統(tǒng)人工智能模型依賴預(yù)編程答案不同。故選D項?！?3題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段中“Its“adaptivetesting”featurecreates…quizzesthatadjustdifficultyaccordingtoindividualprogress.(它的“自適應(yīng)測試”功能可以創(chuàng)建……測驗，根據(jù)個人的進(jìn)度調(diào)整難度。)”可知，“自適應(yīng)測試”功能創(chuàng)建的測驗會根據(jù)個人的進(jìn)度調(diào)整難度，所以“customized”意思是“根據(jù)個人的情況定制的”。B選項“定制的，量身定制的”與其意思相符。故選B項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Lookingahead,DeepSeekaimstointegratevirtualreality(VR)intoitsplatform,allowingstudentstoexplorehistoricaleventsorscientificconceptsinimmersive3Denvironments.(展望未來，DeepSeek的目標(biāo)是將虛擬現(xiàn)實（VR）整合到其平臺中，讓學(xué)生在沉浸式3D環(huán)境中探索歷史事件或科學(xué)概念。)”可知，DeepSeek未來計劃將虛擬現(xiàn)實技術(shù)整合到平臺中，讓學(xué)生在沉浸式3D環(huán)境中探索歷史事件或科學(xué)概念，這意味著VR技術(shù)將加強(qiáng)互動學(xué)習(xí)。故選A項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第一段“Withtherapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence,DeepSeek,aChineseAIcompany,hasestablisheditselfasapioneerineducationaltechnology.Itslatestmodel,DeepSeek-R1,combinesadvancedmachinelearningmethodstoprovidepersonalizedlearningsolutionsforstudentsworldwide.(隨著人工智能的快速發(fā)展，中國人工智能公司DeepSeek已經(jīng)確立了自己在教育技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū)地位。其最新型號DeepSeek-R1結(jié)合了先進(jìn)的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)方法，為全球?qū)W生提供個性化的學(xué)習(xí)解決方案。)”可知，文章主要介紹了DeepSeek公司的DeepSeek-R1模型，它在教育領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，如提供個性化學(xué)習(xí)解決方案、輔助教師教學(xué)等，還提到了它面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及未來計劃，強(qiáng)調(diào)了人工智能在教育變革中的作用。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。KeepcurrentwithfactsaboutelectriccarsSalesofelectricvehicles(EV)grew40percentlastyearworldwide.Stateside,nearlyathirdofdriverswanttheirnextcartobeelectric.____36____Almost100pure-electricvehiclesaresettocomeintothemarketbytheendof2024.Manymanufacturers,includingGM,Jeep,andVolvo,havepromisedtoofferfullyelectriclineupsbeforethisdecadeisdone.____37____Tesla'supcomingreimaginedRoadsterwillstartat$200,000,whileTesla'scurrentcheapestmodelis$41,000.PlentyofotherEVsareevenmoreaffordable.Chevy,Nissan,andHyundaialloffermodelsforaroundS30,000.WhenassessingthecostofanEV,keepinmindthatsomemodelswillevenqualifyyouforafederaltaxcredit(聯(lián)邦稅收抵免)ofupto$7,500.____38____AtypicalEVownerspendsbetween$6,000and$10,000lessthanaconventionalcarowneronvehiclemaintenance.Onereason:EVsdon’thavetransmissionsorclutches,twoofthecostliestpartstorepair.Thereareabout22,000publicchargingportsnationwide,anumberthatisexpectedtobemorethanthreetimesby2023.ButformostEVowners,chargingathomeisthewaytogo.____39____TheaverageEVgetsabout250milesfromafullcharge,whichisfarlessthanthedistancemostgas-poweredcarscangoonafulltank.ButEVsarecatchingup.Teslacomestheclosest.Itsnewer2021versiongetscloserto500.____40____BMWmakesafast-chargingsystemthataddsabout60milesofdrivetimeinaboutsixminutes.A.They'llhaveoptions.B.Butelectriccarsarenothingnew.C.Thentherearethelong-termsavings.D.Chargingtechnologyisalsoimproving.E.SomeEVsarestilleye-wateringlyexpensive.F.Thebatteryisusuallytheentirefloorofthevehicle.G.Ittakeslonger,butyoucandoitovernightwhenelectricityischeapest.【答案】36.A37.E38.C39.G40.D【語篇解讀】文章是一篇說明文，介紹了當(dāng)今電動汽車的現(xiàn)狀，以及未來的發(fā)展趨勢。【36題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Stateside,nearlyathirdofdriverswanttheirnextcartobeelectric.”（在美國，有大約三分之一司機(jī)的下一輛汽車會選擇電動車）和下文“Almost100pure-electricvehiclesaresettocomeintothemarketbytheendof2024.”（到2024年末，有將近100輛純電動汽車進(jìn)入市場）可知，選項承接上文，說明消費者面臨的選擇更多了。They指代的是上文的drivers。故A選項“因此他們會有更多的選擇”切題。故選A?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Tesla'supcomingreimaginedRoadsterwillstartat$200,000,whileTesla'scurrentcheapestmodelis$41,000.”（特斯拉即將推出的新款Roadster起價為20萬美元，而特斯拉目前最便宜的車型為4.1萬美元）可知，選項承接下文說明現(xiàn)在的電動車價格都很貴。E選項“一些電動汽車仍然昂貴得令人瞠目結(jié)舌”，和下文呼應(yīng)，故選E。【38題詳析】根據(jù)下文“AtypicalEVownerspendsbetween$6,000and$10,000lessthanaconventionalcarowneronvehiclemaintenance.（一個普通的電動汽車車主在汽車維護(hù)上的花費比普通汽車車主少6000到10000美元）可知，將電動車主和傳統(tǒng)車主花費的錢對比，凸顯電動汽車花費的少。故C選項“而且還能長期的省錢”呼應(yīng)下文，故選C?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)上文“ButformostEVowners,chargingathomeisthewaytogo.”（對大多數(shù)電動車車主來說，在家充電會是一個好辦法）可知，選項這里要介紹在家充電的好處，故G選項“這會花更多的時間，但是你可以在電費最便宜的時候充一整晚”切題。故選G?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“TheaverageEVgetsabout250milesfromafullcharge,whichisfarlessthanthedistancemostgas-poweredcarscangoonafulltank.ButEVsarecatchingup.Teslacomestheclosest.Itsnewer2021versiongetscloserto500.”（電動汽車的平均充電里程約為250英里，遠(yuǎn)低于大多數(shù)汽油動力汽車在油箱加滿后的行駛里程。但電動汽車正在迎頭趕上。特斯拉最接近。新的2021版本接近500英里）可知，選項承接上文說明技術(shù)在不斷進(jìn)步。故D選項“充電技術(shù)還在不斷創(chuàng)新”切題。且呼應(yīng)下文BMW公司對于充電方面所付出的努力和創(chuàng)新。故選D項。第三部分英語知識運用（共2節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。Lastsummer,Idecidedtojoinamountain-climbingcamporganizedbyourcommunity.ThoughIlacked___41___inmyphysicalabilities,theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtomedeeply.Myparents___42___meabouttherisks,butIfeltastrong___43___toprovemyself.Onthefirstday,ourinstructorgatheredusatthebaseandannouncedwewould___44___the3,000-meterpeakwithinthreedays.Myheartmissedabeatandmypalmsgrewsweatywithamixofnervousnessand___45___Theinitialclimbwentsmoothly.Sunlight___46___throughthetrees,andwildflowersbloomedalongthepath,theircolorsvividagainstthegreen.Birdssangcheerfullyinthepinetrees,asifcheeringuson.___47___,bythesecondafternoon,darkcloudsgatheredsuddenly.Withinminutes,rainbegantopour,turningthe___48___pathintoadangerousobstacle.Islippedtwice,mylegsshaking___49___Thatnightinthe___50___,exhaustedandshiveringinthecold,I___51___givingup.Justthen,myteammateLisaenteredwithasmile,herflashlightcastingawarmglow.“Rememberwhyyoustarted,”shesaid,handingmeahotdrink.Her___52___wordsrekindledmydeterminationlikeasparkinthedarkness.Thefinalclimbtestedourlimits.Weclung(抓緊)toropes,our___53___visibleinthefreezingair.WhenIfinallyreachedthesummit,tears___54___withsweatonmyface.Belowus,valleyslaywrappedingoldensunlight,resemblingamagicalpainting.Sometimes,thegreatest___55___onlyappearsafterthehardestclimb.41.A.motivation B.experience C.intelligence D.confidence42.A.advised B.warned C.educated D.questioned43.A.urge B.curiosity C.impatience D.pressure44.A.conquer B.approach C.locate D.explore45.A.self-awareness B.self-denial C.self-doubt D.self-pity46.A.laughedout B.passeddown C.rolleddown D.streameddown47.A.However B.Thus C.Instead D.Moreover48.A.icy B.sandy C.dusty D.rocky49.A.slightly B.uncontrollably C.rhythmically D.strangely50.A.dormitory B.shelter C.vehicle D.apartment51.A.imagined B.regretted C.considered D.avoided52.A.grateful B.cautious C.encouraging D.unselfish53.A.flags B.breaths C.shadows D.footsteps54.A.met B.mixed C.competed D.identified55.A.view B.journey C.trial D.dream【答案】41.D42.B43.A44.A45.C46.D47.A48.D49.B50.B51.C52.C53.B54.B55.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者參加社區(qū)組織的登山營，面對身體上的挑戰(zhàn)和心理上的動搖，最終在隊友鼓勵下成功登頂并獲得深刻感悟的經(jīng)歷。【41題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我對自己的體能缺乏信心，但挑戰(zhàn)自己的想法深深地吸引了我。A.motivation動機(jī)；B.experience經(jīng)驗，經(jīng)歷；C.intelligence智力；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞Though和后文“theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtomedeeply”可知，后面說挑戰(zhàn)自我的想法吸引作者，前面應(yīng)是作者對自己的身體能力沒信心。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母警告我有風(fēng)險，但我感到一種強(qiáng)烈的沖動要證明自己。A.advised建議；B.warned警告；C.educated教育；D.questioned質(zhì)疑。根據(jù)后文“meabouttherisks”可知，參加登山活動存在一定風(fēng)險，所以父母應(yīng)該是警告作者。故選B。【43題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的父母警告我有風(fēng)險，但我感到一種強(qiáng)烈的沖動要證明自己。A.urge沖動，強(qiáng)烈的欲望；B.curiosity好奇心；C.impatience不耐煩；D.pressure壓力。根據(jù)后文“toprovemyself”可知，作者是有強(qiáng)烈的想要證明自己的沖動。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：第一天，我們的教官把我們召集在基地，宣布我們將在三天內(nèi)征服3000米的山峰。A.conquer征服；B.approach接近；C.locate定位；D.explore探索。根據(jù)后文“the3,000-meterpeakwithinthreedays”可知，這里指指三天內(nèi)登上這座山，也就是征服這座山峰。故選A。【45題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心跳漏了一拍，手掌因為緊張和自我懷疑而出汗。A.self-awareness自我意識；B.self-denial自我否定；C.self-doubt自我懷疑；D.self-pity自憐。根據(jù)上文“Ilackedinmyphysicalabilities”及“Myheartmissedabeatandmypalmsgrewsweaty”可知，作者對自己身體能力沒信心以及緊張的情緒，這里應(yīng)是自我懷疑。故選C?！?6題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：陽光透過樹林，野花沿著小路盛開，它們的顏色在綠色的映襯下格外鮮艷。A.laughedout笑出聲來；B.passeddown傳遞下去；C.rolleddown滾下；D.streameddown流下，灑下。根據(jù)后文“throughthetrees”指陽光透過樹林照射下來。streameddown最形象地描述了陽光透過樹葉的情形。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，到了第二天下午，烏云突然聚集起來。A.However然而；B.Thus因此；C.Instead相反；D.Moreover而且。上文提到陽光灑下，野花盛開，鳥兒歡唱，后文則提到烏云聚集，開始下雨，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：幾分鐘后，大雨傾盆而下，把巖石小路變成了危險的障礙。A.icy冰冷的；B.sandy沙質(zhì)的；C.dusty多灰塵的；D.rocky巖石的。根據(jù)前文“wewouldthe3,000-meterpeakwithinthreedays”可知作者他們要爬山，小路多巖石比較符合實際情況，下雨后多巖石的小路會更危險。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我滑倒了兩次，雙腿不受控制地顫抖。A.slightly輕微地；B.uncontrollably不受控制地；C.rhythmically有節(jié)奏地；D.strangely奇怪地。根據(jù)前文“Islippedtwice”可知作者滑倒了兩次，因為滑倒以及道路危險，所以作者的腿應(yīng)該是不受控制地顫抖。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上在庇護(hù)所里，又累又冷得發(fā)抖，我想過放棄。A.dormitory宿舍；B.shelter庇護(hù)所，遮蔽物；C.vehicle車輛；D.apartment公寓。在登山過程中，晚上休息的地方應(yīng)該是庇護(hù)所。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上在庇護(hù)所里，又累又冷得發(fā)抖，我想過放棄。A.imagined想象；B.regretted后悔；C.considered考慮；D.avoided避免。根據(jù)前文“exhaustedandshiveringinthecold”及后文“givingup”可知，作者遇到的困難以及又累又冷的狀態(tài)，這里應(yīng)該是考慮放棄。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她鼓勵的話語像黑暗中的火花一樣重新點燃了我的決心。A.grateful感激的；B.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；C.encouraging鼓勵的；D.unselfish無私的。根據(jù)后文“wordsrekindledmydetermination”可知，隊友說的話是鼓勵作者的。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們緊緊抓住繩子，我們呼出的氣在冰冷的空氣中清晰可見。A.flags旗幟；B.breaths呼吸，呼出的氣；C.shadows影子；D.footsteps腳步。根據(jù)后文“visibleinthefreezingair”在冰冷的空氣中，呼出的氣會清晰可見。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我終于登上頂峰時，淚水和汗水混合在一起流在我的臉上。A.met遇見；B.mixed混合；C.competed競爭；D.identified確認(rèn)。根據(jù)后文“withsweatonmyface”可知，這里指淚水和汗水混合在一起。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有時候，最美的風(fēng)景只會在最艱難的攀登之后出現(xiàn)。A.view風(fēng)景；B.journey旅程；C.trial試驗；D.dream夢想。根據(jù)前文“Belowus,valleyslaywrappedingoldensunlight,resemblingamagicalpainting.”及后文“onlyappearsafterthehardestclimb”可知，這里說的是在山頂看到的風(fēng)景，所以是最美的風(fēng)景在艱難攀登后出現(xiàn)。故選A。第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）（一）單詞拼寫（根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫或根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫）56.Thegovernmentintroducednewlawsto______(限制)carbonemissions.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】restrict【詳析】考查動詞。句意：政府引入了一門新的法律來限制碳排放。根據(jù)所給漢語提示可知，此處應(yīng)用動詞restrict，且根據(jù)空前的to可知，此處為不定式todo結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)用動詞原形，故填restrict。57.______(布置)taskswithoutclearinstructionsoftenleadstoconfusionamongteammembers.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】Assigning【詳析】考查動名詞。句意：制定沒有清楚指示的任務(wù)通常會導(dǎo)致組員間的困惑。根據(jù)所給漢語提示可知，此處應(yīng)用動詞assign，且此處作主語，故應(yīng)用動名詞，故填A(yù)ssigning。58.YuanLongping’sachievementsarewidelyrecognized,andheisrememberedasoneofChina’smost______(有影響力的)scientists.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】influential【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：袁隆平的成就是公認(rèn)的，他被認(rèn)為是中國最有影響力的科學(xué)家之一。根據(jù)所給漢語提示可知，表示“有影響力的”應(yīng)用形容詞influential作定語，修飾名詞scientists，故填influential。59.______(偏見)againstwomendriversisacommonissueinsociety,despitenumerousstudiesshowingthatwomenarejustascapableasmenbehindthewheel.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】Prejudice【詳析】考查名詞。句意：盡管大量研究表明女性在駕駛方面與男性同樣勝任，但社會上普遍存在對女性駕駛員的偏見。根據(jù)所給漢語提示可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞prejudice作主語，謂語動詞為is，故此處應(yīng)用其單數(shù)形式。故填Prejudice。60.Asthefoglifted,theoutlineofthemountains______(浮現(xiàn))graduallyfromthemist.(根據(jù)漢語提示單詞拼寫)【答案】emerged【詳析】考查動詞。句意：隨著霧氣散去，群山的輪廓逐漸從薄霧中浮現(xiàn)。根據(jù)所給漢語提示可知，此處應(yīng)用動詞emerge在句中作謂語動詞，主語為theoutlineofthemountains，根據(jù)前文lifted可知，此處應(yīng)用一般過去時，故填emerged。61.Lifeisc______ofmanyelements,suchasfamily,friends,study,work,andentertainment.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】composed/omposed【詳析】考查固定短語。句意：生活是由許多元素組成的，比如家庭、朋友、學(xué)習(xí)、工作和娛樂。根據(jù)句意以及首字母提示可知，此處為固定短語becomposedof“由……組成”，滿足句意要求。故填composed。62.Thewinnersweregivenane______welcomewhentheyarrivedhome.(根據(jù)首字母單詞拼寫)【答案】enthusiastic/nthusiastic【詳析】考查形容詞。句意：獲勝者回家時受到了熱情的歡迎。根據(jù)所給首字母和句意可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞enthusiastic“熱情的，充滿激情的”作定語，修飾名詞welcome。故填enthusiastic。63.Rockclimbinghase______thequalityofmylife,improvingmyhealth