Unit3

Timeschange!選擇性必修第二冊單元詞句識記內(nèi)容索引單元默寫檢測核心知識突破關(guān)鍵能力考查寫作素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)課時(shí)作業(yè)單元詞句識記Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.tabletn.

平板電腦2.shelfn. 擱板,架子3.brickn. 磚,磚塊4.exteriorn. 外部,外觀5.stationeryn. 文具6.saleswomann. 女銷售員7.leadershipn. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位8.organicadj. 有機(jī)的;綠色的9.recitaln.

朗誦會10.jazzn. 爵士樂11.pavev. 鋪(路、地面等)12.initiativen. 倡議13.cafeterian. 自助餐廳14.emojin. 表情符號15.integraladj. 不可缺少的16.pictographn.

象形圖17.facialadj. 臉上的;面部的18.textspeakn. 短信簡寫語19.pictorialadj.

圖畫的20.secondaryadj. 次要的,第二位的21.comicn. 連環(huán)漫畫22.costumen. 化裝服Ⅱ.核心單詞1.inthepastdecades

在過去的幾十年里2.carefortheelderly

照顧老人3.beenvelopedinmist

籠罩在薄霧中4.thejournalists’questions

記者的問題5.modernera

當(dāng)今時(shí)代6.reformsineducation

教育改革7.workalongsideadults

與成人一起工作8.anessentialcomponent

重要的組成部分9.fallintoadifferentcategory

屬于不同的類別10.communicatebygesture

用手勢交流11.touchmysoul

觸動我的心靈12.facilitateyourunderstanding 促進(jìn)你的理解Ⅲ.一詞多義1.bunch

n.一群,一伙;串,束

①abunchofkids一群孩子

②abunchofbananas一串香蕉

③ahugebunchofflowers一大束花2.humble

adj.簡陋的;謙虛的;卑微的

①ahumblerestaurant一個(gè)簡陋的餐館

②ahumbleman一位謙虛的人

③amanofhumblebirth一個(gè)出身卑微的人3.solid

adj.堅(jiān)實(shí)的,可靠的;堅(jiān)硬的

n.固體

①solidevidence可靠的證據(jù)

②asolidobject一個(gè)堅(jiān)硬的物體

③usesolidfuel使用固體燃料Ⅳ.派生單詞1.legendaryadj.

大名鼎鼎的,傳奇式的 legendn.

傳奇,傳奇故事2.fixturen.

固定存在物 fixvt.

使固定;安裝3.sympathyn.

同情;贊同,支持 sympathizev.

同情;贊同,支持 sympatheticadj.

同情的;有同情心的;贊同的4.dustyadj. 布滿灰塵的 dustn. 灰塵5.furnituren. 家具 furnishv. 布置家具;提供;供應(yīng) furnishedadj. 配備家具的6.competev. 競爭 competitionn. 競爭,比賽 competitorn. 競爭者,參賽者 competitiveadj. 競爭的;有競爭力的7.emphasisev.

強(qiáng)調(diào)emphasisn.

強(qiáng)調(diào);重視,重要性8.reconstructionn.

重建;修復(fù)constructv.

建設(shè)constructionn.

建設(shè)9.socialistadj.

社會主義的

n.社會主義者socialadj.

社會(上)的societyn.

社會socialismn.

社會主義10.economicadj. 經(jīng)濟(jì)(上)的;經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的 economyn. 經(jīng)濟(jì);節(jié)約11.occupationn. 工作,職業(yè) occupyv. 占有;居住于;使忙碌;使從事12.expandv. (使)擴(kuò)大;增加;擴(kuò)展;詳述,詳細(xì)闡明 expansionn. 增加,擴(kuò)展13.emotionaladj. 情緒(上)的,情感(上)的 emotionn. 感情,情緒14.intentionn. 意圖,目的 intendvt. 打算,計(jì)劃15.adaptationn. 改編版;改編;適應(yīng) adaptvt. 使適應(yīng);改編,改寫

vi.適應(yīng)16.accessibleadj. 易懂的;可進(jìn)入的 accessn. (使用或見到的)機(jī)會,權(quán)利;通路17.tendencyn. 傾向;偏好;趨勢,趨向 tendv. 往往會;趨向;照料18.educatorn. 教育工作者;教育學(xué)家 educatev. 教育 educationn. 教育 educationaladj. 教育的19.urgentlyadv. 緊急地;急迫地 urgevt. 催促;力勸

n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望 urgentadj. 緊急的;急迫的;急切的 urgencyn. 緊迫,迫切20.convincingadj.

有說服力的,使人信服的 convincev.

使相信,使信服;說服,勸說 convincedadj.

堅(jiān)信的;確信的 convincinglyadv. 令人信服地Ⅴ.短語詞塊1.dropin/by

順便造訪,臨時(shí)來訪2.wavegoodbyeto 向……揮手道別3.takeover

接管,接任4.popup

突然出現(xiàn),冒出來5.pavethewayfor... 鋪平道路;創(chuàng)造條件6.replywith

以……回應(yīng)7.searchfor

尋找,搜尋8.spreadto 蔓延至,擴(kuò)散到9.forgood 永久,永遠(yuǎn)10.ingoodhands 在可靠的人手里;被照顧得很好11.abunchof 一群;一束;一堆12.astringof 一串Ⅵ.教材佳句1.The

dayIheardthattheRainbowBookstorewasclosingafter50yearsofbusiness,Iwasheartbroken.(theday引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)

聽說經(jīng)營了50年的彩虹書店要停業(yè)的那天,我的心都要碎了。2.While

waiting

outside

the

cafeteria,Ireceivedthefollowingmessagefrommyfriend...(狀語從句的省略)

在自助餐廳外等待的時(shí)候,我收到了來自朋友的以下信息……3.Perhapspeoplewillonedaychoosetocommunicateinpictures,andforgethow

to

writeproperly.(“疑問詞+不定式”作賓語)

也許有一天,人們會選擇用圖畫來交流,而忘記如何正確地書寫。4.Sighing

deeply,hetoldmehowitwasbecomingdifficulttorunanindependentbookstore.(情緒描寫)

他深深地嘆了口氣,告訴我經(jīng)營一家獨(dú)立書店變得多么困難。5.WhenIleftthebookstore,it

was

becoming

cold

and

dark

outside.IturnedtowavegoodbyetoCasey,butbothheandhisbookstorewerealreadyhidden

in

a

thick

mist.(環(huán)境描寫)

我離開書店的時(shí)候,外面變得又冷又黑。我轉(zhuǎn)身向凱西揮手告別,但他和書店都已經(jīng)消失在濃霧中。?構(gòu)詞法日積月累形容詞后綴-ary表示“與……相關(guān)的”或“具有……特征的”。①legendary大名鼎鼎的,傳奇式的②imaginary想象的,虛構(gòu)的③elementary基本的

④voluntary自愿的單元默寫檢測StepOne

寫一寫Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.gatherdustontheshelf

在

上積灰塵

2.apileofbricks

一摞

3.theexteriorofthehouse

房子的

4.organicfertilizer

肥料

5.pavetheway

道路

6.campusclean-upinitiatives

校園清理

架子磚外觀有機(jī)鋪平倡議7.foodinthecafeteria

里的食物

8.anintegralpart

一部分

9.facialexpressions

表情

10.asecondaryconsideration 一個(gè)

因素

11.learnEnglishfromcomics

從

中學(xué)英語

12.aclowncostume

小丑

自助餐廳不可缺少的面部次要的連環(huán)漫畫服Ⅱ.核心單詞1.

n.十年;十年期

2.

n.組成部分

3.

n.時(shí)代,年代

4.

n.改進(jìn);改革

5.

n.類別

6.

n.手勢,姿勢

7.

n.精神

8.

v.促進(jìn);使便利

decadecomponenterareformcategorygesturesoulfacilitateⅢ.派生單詞1.

n.傳奇,傳奇故事→

adj.大名鼎鼎的,傳奇式的

2.

n.同情;贊同,支持→

v.同情;贊同,支持→____________adj.同情的;有同情心的;贊同的

3.

v.競爭→

n.競爭,比賽→

n.競爭者,參賽者→

adj.競爭的;有競爭力的4.

n.強(qiáng)調(diào);重視,重要性→

v.強(qiáng)調(diào)legendlegendarysympathysympathizesympatheticcompetecompetitioncompetitorcompetitiveemphasisemphasise5.

v.占有;居住于;使忙碌;使從事→

n.工作,職業(yè)

6.

v.(使)擴(kuò)大;增加;擴(kuò)展;詳述,詳細(xì)闡明→_____________n.增加,擴(kuò)展

7.

n.感情,情緒→

adj.情緒(上)的,情感(上)的8.

vt.打算,計(jì)劃→

n.意圖,目的9.

vt.使適應(yīng);改編,改寫

vi.適應(yīng)→

n.改編版;改編;適應(yīng)

occupyoccupationexpandexpansionemotionemotionalintendintentionadaptadaptation10.

n.(使用或見到的)機(jī)會,權(quán)利;通路→

adj.易懂的;可進(jìn)入的

11.

v.往往會;趨向;照料→

n.傾向;偏好;趨勢,趨向12.

vt.催促;力勸

n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望→

adj.緊急的;急迫的;急切的→

n.緊迫,迫切→

adv.緊急地;急迫地

accessaccessibletendtendencyurgeurgenturgencyurgently13.

v.使相信,使信服;說服,勸說→

adj.有說服力的,使人信服的→

adj.堅(jiān)信的;確信的→____________adv.令人信服地convinceconvincingconvincedconvincinglyⅣ.短語互譯1.

一群;一束;一堆

2.

向……揮手道別

3.

接管,接任

4.

鋪平道路;創(chuàng)造條件

5.

以……回應(yīng)

abunchofwavegoodbyetotakeoverpavethewayfor...replywith6.popup

7.forgood

8.ingoodhands

9.searchfor

10.astringof

突然出現(xiàn),冒出來永久,永遠(yuǎn)在可靠的人手里;被照顧得很好尋找,搜尋一串Ⅴ.句式仿寫1.句型公式:the

day引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句

,hehuggedme,withtearsofgratitude,saying,“Youareatrulygoodnurse,thankyou.”(動作+情緒描寫)

出院那天,他含著感激的淚水擁抱了我,說:“你真是個(gè)好護(hù)士,謝謝你?！盩hedayhelefthospital2.句型公式:狀語從句的省略

,shewasalittleworried

aboutJaspermakingmistakes.(心理描寫)

在等待晚餐時(shí),她有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心賈斯珀會犯錯(cuò)誤。Whilewaitingforthedinnerserved3.句型公式:“疑問詞+不定式”作賓語 I’mgladtobeinvitedbytheInternationalStudentCentertogiveyouatalkon

andavoidlosses.(演講稿)

我很高興受到國際學(xué)生中心的邀請,給大家做一個(gè)關(guān)于如何保護(hù)自己和避免損失的演講。howtoprotectyourselvesStepTwo練一練Ⅰ.根據(jù)語境和首字母提示寫出單詞的正確形式1.Thecomputerf

ourworkefficiencyandentertainment,makingiteasyforustocontacteachother.

2.Pastthreed

havewitnessedtheevolutionofthecomputer.

3.Recently,ourschooliscarryingoutaprogram,whichcallsoneveryonetothrowrubbishintotherightdustbinaccordingtothefourc

.

acilitatesecadesategories4.Thecoursehasfourmainc

:businesslaw,finance,computingandmanagementskills.

5.Tothechildrenofthisconnectede

,

theworldisonegiantsocialnetwork.omponentsraⅡ.根據(jù)語境用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空1.Alltheexcited

whoarerelatively________________are_________________forthehonorofwinningthegoldmedalinthe

.(compete)

2.Therichmanwentabroadwiththe

oftryinghisfortune,whilethepoorman

tolearnsomeskillsofearningmoney.(intend)competitorscompetitivecompetingcompetitionintentionintended3.AlthoughIhave

forpeopleindifficulty,itisveryhardformeto

withtheyoungmanbeggingonthestreet;inotherwords,Idonotfeel

towardshimatall.(sympathy)

4.Thefilmis

fromhisstory.Itmainlytellsushisquick_________________tothenewenvironment,andinfact,atfirsthethoughthecouldn’t

himselftothechangedenvironment.(adapt)

sympathysympathizesympatheticadaptedadaptationadapt5.Ihadasudden

totellthebosswhatwasthe___________matterbecauseofthe

oftime.(urge)

6.Fromhis

words,Iwasentirely

ofhisabilitytotacklethisproblemperfectly.(convince)

urgeurgenturgencyconvincingconvincedⅢ.短語填空popupastringof

popup

pavethewayfor...replywith abunchof1.Yousolvedoneproblemandanotherwouldimmediately

.

2.Areasonableunderstandingoftechnologywillundoubtedly___________________betteringourlife.

3.Showeringhimwith

thanks,weimmediatelysetouttopurchasethings,andthenheadedforHarlem.

pavethewayforastringof4.IwanttobuyMum

flowersasabirthdaypresentbecauseshelikesflowersverymuch.

5.He

anod,indicatinghisagreementwiththeproposal.

abunchofrepliedwithⅣ.串記練習(xí)閱讀下面新情景,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Lookingatthenewhousemadeof1.

(brick),theelderlymanrememberedbacktothedaywhenhearrived.Ithappenedfour2.____________________

(decade)ago.Thatwasa3.____________

(mist)day,4.______________

bunch

ofchildrenplayinghappilyoutside.bricksdecadesmistyaEverythingwas5.

(dust)andhumble.Hehadintendedtoworkhereforoneyear,butfindingthe6.

(urge)needforteachershere,hedecidedtostayasateacher.Thechildren’s7.___________

(convince)smilesmadehimwillingtostayhere.Toexpressthankstotheelderlyman,thevillagerstookonthe8.

(reconstruct)ofthehousewherehelived.Thewaywasalso9._______________

(pave)aroundthehouse.Pastmemoriespopping10.______________

nowandthen,theelderlymanfeltwarmandhappy.dustyurgentconvincingreconstructionpavedup核心知識突破No.1熱考詞匯No.3寫作遷移No.2熟詞生義/一詞多義1.sympathy

n.同情;贊同,支持→sympathizev.同情;贊同,支持→sympatheticadj.同情的;有同情心的;贊同的佳句背誦

Astimewentby,thenightbegantofallandthestarsappearedinthesky,twinklingatuswith

sympathy.(擬人,環(huán)境描寫)隨著時(shí)間的流逝,夜幕降臨,天上出現(xiàn)星星,閃爍著同情的目光。have/feelsympathyfor

同情某人outofsympathy

出于同情withsympathy

同情地besympatheticto/towards...

贊同某事;同情某人以練促學(xué)單句語法填空/單句寫作①Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?I____________(sympathy)

immediately.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)②MrsMeredith

whourgentlyneededhelp,and

,shewouldbringfoodandmedicinetothemwhenevershehadtime.(善行)

梅雷迪思夫人同情那些急需幫助的窮人,出于同情,她一有時(shí)間就給他們送去食物和藥品。sympathizedwassympathetictowards/tothepoor/hadsympathyforthepooroutofsympathy2.compete

v.競爭→competitionn.競爭,比賽→competitorn.競爭者,參賽者→competitiveadj.競爭的;有競爭力的佳句背誦

Lifeislikealongcompetitiveraceinwhichwecompete

with/againstotherstogobeyondourselves.(比喻,主旨升華)人生就像一場漫長的競賽,我們與別人競爭,以超越自己。competein

參加……比賽;在……方面競爭competefor

為……而競爭competewith/against...for... 為爭取……而與……對抗/競爭以練促學(xué)完成語段AstheyoungestChinese

,she

thewomen’s10-meterplatformdiving________________otherathletes_____goldmedals.Shemustbevery

sothatshecouldwin.作為中國最年輕的參賽者,她參加了女子10米跳臺比賽,為爭奪金牌與其他運(yùn)動員競爭。她必須非常有競爭力,這樣她才能贏。competitorcompetedinwith/againstforcompetitive3.convincing

adj.有說服力的,使人信服的→convincev.使相信,使信服;說服,勸說→convincedadj.堅(jiān)信的;確信的→convincinglyadv.令人信服地佳句背誦

Notonlydoesheworkseriously,buthiswordsarealsoveryconvincing.(人物介紹)他不僅做事認(rèn)真,而且他的話也很有說服力。convincesbthat...

使某人確信……convincesbofsth

使某人信服某事convincesbtodosth

說服/勸說某人做某事beconvincedofsth/that... 堅(jiān)信;確信……以練促學(xué)單句寫作/完成語段①Despitemomentsoffrustration,I________________________________________.

盡管偶爾會有些沮喪,但我堅(jiān)信我的參與是有意義的。②Jackhasbeenillthroughouttheweekandhismotheristryingto

.

Obviously,herwords__________________andshesoon

.

杰克病了整整一周,他母親正試圖說服他去看醫(yī)生。顯然,她的話很有說服力,她很快就讓他相信了她的擔(dān)憂。amconvincedthatmyparticipationwasfulfillingconvincehimtoseeadoctorareveryconvincingconvinceshimofherconcern4.take

over

控制;接管,接任佳句背誦

Irememberthedayshynesstook

overmylife.(心理描寫)我記得那天我非常害羞。takein 吸收;吸入;收留,留宿;接納;理解;欺騙takeoff 起飛;脫下;迅速流行;(事業(yè)等)步入正軌,騰飛takeon呈

現(xiàn);雇用takeup 從事;繼續(xù);拿起;占據(jù)takeback 拿回;撤銷take...forgranted 認(rèn)為……理所當(dāng)然takeaway 拿走;帶走以練促學(xué)完成語段He

thathewould

thecompanyfrom

hisfatherandfirmlybelievedthathiscareerwassureto

,sohedecidedto

moreemployees.However,hewasunfortunate

bytradersandallhisproperty

.Notlosingheart,he__________________anewbusinessandmadeuphismindto__________________whathehadlost.

tookitforgrantedtakeovertakeofftakeontobetakeninwastakenawaytookuptakeback他想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為他會接管父親的公司,并堅(jiān)信他的事業(yè)定會騰飛,所以他決定雇用更多的員工。然而,不幸的是,他被貿(mào)易商欺騙,所有財(cái)產(chǎn)都被帶走了。但他沒有失去信心,開始從事新的生意,并下定決心奪回失去的一切。Standingherewiththisawardistrulyoverwhelming.Inthiscompetition,weallcompetedwithgreatpassion.WhenIproposedmyideas,somewereskeptical.Butwithconvincingarguments,Iwontheirsupport.Ialsofeelsympathyforthosewhodidn’twin.Ipromisetousethisawardtotake

overmorechallengesandcontributemore.Thankyou.片段鞏固用sympathy;compete;convincing;takeover完成“獲獎(jiǎng)感言”片段寫作提示:表達(dá)興奮→獲獎(jiǎng)歷程(充滿激情去競爭,用令人信服的理由贏得他人支持)→同情沒獲獎(jiǎng)的人→展望未來,承接更多挑戰(zhàn)1.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語意思①Wedon’thavegoodsolidinformationonwherethepeopleare.

②Shehasrisenfromhumbleoriginstoimmensewealth.

③They’llbeabletofurnishyouwiththerestofthedetails.

adj.可靠的adj.卑微的v.提供,供應(yīng)④InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.(2022·全國乙卷)

v.詳述,詳細(xì)闡明2.選出adaptation的漢語意思A.n.改編B.n.改編本C.n.適應(yīng)(性)B①IboughtmysonanadaptationforchildrenofaplaybyShakespeare.

②He’sworkingonascreenadaptationofhislatestnovel.

③Toanewenvironment,therewillbeaprocessofadaptation,whichreliesontime.

AC句型公式:“疑問詞+不定式”作賓語課本原句:Perhapspeoplewillonedaychoosetocommunicateinpictures,andforgethow

to

writeproperly.也許有一天,人們會選擇用圖畫來交流,而忘記如何正確地書寫。佳句背誦

Desperateandhelpless,Janekneltdown,notknowingwhat

to

donext.(心理描寫)既絕望又無助,簡跪了下去,不知道接下來做什么。(1)“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可作主語、賓語或表語,疑問詞包括疑問代詞(who、what、which)和疑問副詞(when、where、how)。此外,連接詞whether也適用。(2)“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可轉(zhuǎn)換為從句。以練促學(xué)單句語法填空/單句寫作①Iaminadilemma,becauseIreallyhavenoidea

toacceptherinvitationornot.

②I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat____________(expect)inmynewjob.

③Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgiveussomeadviceon

.(求助信)

如果你能給我們一些如何改進(jìn)機(jī)器人的建議,我會感激不盡的。whethertoexpecthowtoimproveourrobots關(guān)鍵能力考查維度一

核心知識運(yùn)用1.Isthereaclearadvantageofonestyleovertheother?Hedgehogthinkerstend

(answer)yes.(2024·北京卷)

2.Myadvisersawthisexperienceasagroundbreakingsuccess,

____________(emphasise)thecollaboratingskillsIacquired.(2024·北京卷)

3.Learnwhere

(look)foranimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)

toansweremphasisingtolook4.Sofarnoonehas

(convincing)madeartificiallife.(2023·北京卷)

5.BywinningtheOlympicall-aroundtitle,shebecamethefirstblackwomantodoso.Sheledthe

(compete)frombeginningtoend.(2023·全國乙卷)

6.Althoughpreviousresearchhasshownthatapesandmonkeyscanunderstandcomplexinformationfromanotheranimal’scall,theanimalsdonotappeartousetheirvoices

(intention)tocommunicatemessages.(浙江1月卷)

convincinglycompetitionintentionally7.Allittakesisahug,ashouldertocryon,afriendlytouch,a_______________(sympathy)nature,andanearthatlistens.

8.Wouldyoudrop

atmyhousethisafternoonifitisconvenientforyou?

9.Wehavecomeintoanewera

reformandcreationhappenconstantly.

10.Withtheadvancesoftechnology,sometraditionaljobsmaybegone__________________good.

sympatheticinwherefor維度二

單句寫作1.

,hewasgreeted

bythewarmembraceofhisfamily,whohadbeeneagerlyawaitinghisarrival.(theday引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)

他回家的那天,被家人熱情的擁抱所迎接,他們一直在熱切地等待他的到來。Thedayhereturnedhome2.

,pleasecontacttheLiterature&ArtDepartmentandsubmityourapplicationandprofilebyMay16.(狀語從句的省略)

如有興趣,請聯(lián)系文學(xué)藝術(shù)系,并在5月16日前提交您的申請和個(gè)人資料。3.Learning_________________________________________________________________isreallyfun.(“疑問詞+不定式”作賓語)

學(xué)習(xí)如何與來自不同文化和背景的人交朋友真的很有趣。Ifinterestedhowtomakefriendswithpeoplefromdifferentculturesandbackgrounds4.Thewomanwaswalkingaboutoutsidetheoperationroom,becauseherson

.(過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài))

這個(gè)女士在手術(shù)室外面走來走去,因?yàn)樗膬鹤诱诮邮苁中g(shù)。5.Thestoneunderherfeetrolled,andasshe______________________

___________,

shecalledoutforhelp.(過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動語態(tài))

她腳下的石頭滾動著,當(dāng)她被拖進(jìn)河里時(shí),她大聲呼救。wasbeingoperatedonwasbeingpulledintotheriver維度三

單元知識拾遺Thecountrysideisacharmingsight.1.

windthroughfields.2.

lingersinthemorningair.3.________________

standfirmly.Astream4.

afterashortwalk.It’sapeacefulhaven.

鄉(xiāng)村的景色令人陶醉。塵土飛揚(yáng)的小路蜿蜒穿過田野。清晨的空氣中彌漫著薄薄的霧氣。堅(jiān)固的老式谷倉巍然屹立。步行不遠(yuǎn)就可看見一條小溪。這是一個(gè)寧靜的避風(fēng)港。DustypathsAlightmistSolidoldbarnsisaccessible寫作素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)Ⅰ.話題下的應(yīng)用文專練(短文投稿——表情符號的使用)假如你是李華,近年來,表情符號使用越來越多,校報(bào)正在就這種現(xiàn)象征求學(xué)生看法,請給該報(bào)投稿,內(nèi)容包括:(1)現(xiàn)狀;(2)看法。根據(jù)提示,利用本單元所學(xué)知識完成應(yīng)用文寫作第一步

字斟句酌

優(yōu)化表達(dá)①在過去的十年里,表情符號在我們的日常交流中越來越不可缺少。(decade,emoji,integral)

Inthepastdecade,

emojishavebeenincreasinglyintegralinourdailycommunication.②當(dāng)我們在微信上與他人聊天時(shí),我們往往會使用表情符號。

(tend)

③它們具有情感功能,并且易于被人們理解。(emotional,accessible)

④當(dāng)人們看到它們的時(shí)候,他們似乎看到了別人的面部表情。

(facial)

WhenwechatwithothersonWeChat,wetendtouseemojis.Theyhaveemotionalfunctionsandareaccessibletopeople.Whenpeopleseethem,itseemsthattheyseeothers’facialexpressions.⑤我們應(yīng)該記住,如果我們想讓別人理解我們的意圖,我們主要依靠文字,表情符號是次要的。(intention,secondary)

Weshouldkeepinmindthatifwewanttoletothersunderstandourintentions,wemainlydependonwrittenwordsandthatemojisareinsecondaryposition.第二步

恰當(dāng)過渡

完美成文(使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞連句成篇)Inthepastdecade,emojishavebeenincreasinglyintegralinourdailycommunication.WhenwechatwithothersonWeChat,wetendtouseemojis.Theyhaveemotionalfunctionsandareaccessibletopeople.Whenpeopleseethem,itseemsthattheyseeothers’facialexpressions.However,weshouldkeepinmindthatifwewanttoletothersunderstandourintentions,wemainlydependonwrittenwordsandthatemojisareinsecondaryposition.Ⅱ.話題下的續(xù)寫能力提升(根據(jù)提示續(xù)寫2場景)場景導(dǎo)語:校門口出現(xiàn)交通堵塞→看到這個(gè)情況并考慮到汽車尾氣對環(huán)境的污染,Leo和Matt決定采取行動解決這個(gè)問題→一起討論,制訂出計(jì)劃:鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生拼車、騎自行車或步行上學(xué),并實(shí)行獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)措施……場景續(xù)寫1:把計(jì)劃交給學(xué)校當(dāng)局→學(xué)校接納了他們的計(jì)劃→著手推進(jìn)新措施→新措施逐步落實(shí),取得了良好的效果Withtheirplaninhand,LeoandMattpresentedittotheschoolauthorities.

場景續(xù)寫2:學(xué)校的交通擁堵有了明顯的改善→給周圍的人和社區(qū)帶來積極的影響→他們的計(jì)劃和努力影響到更多的人,讓其他人也開始參與到可持續(xù)發(fā)展中來Afewmonthspassingby,theschooltrafficcongestionhadsignificantlyimproved.

場景續(xù)寫1Withtheirplaninhand,LeoandMattpresentedittotheschoolauthorities.Theywereimpressedwiththestudents’initiativeandagreedtosupporttheirefforts.Theschoolannouncedthenewmeasuresandencouragedeveryonetoparticipate.Astheweeksprogressed,thecarpoolsystemtookshape,andmorestudentsstartedsharingrides.Thebikerackswereinstalled,andmorestudentswereseencyclingtoschool.Therewardssystemalsoprovedtobeahit.Studentswhocarpooled,cycled,orwalkedtoschoolwererewardedwithpointsthatcouldbeusedforprizes,addingafunelementtotheinitiativeandfurthermotivatingstudentstoparticipate.

場景續(xù)寫2Afewmonthspassingby,theschooltrafficcongestionhadsignificantlyimproved.Thenarrowstreetswerenolongerclogged,andtheairwasclearer.Everyonewashappier,andtheschoolcommunityfeltmoreconnectedandenvironmentallyresponsible.Theyhadnotonlysolvedalong-standingproblembutalsoinstilledasenseofsustainabilityandteamworkamongtheirpeers.Theirstoryspreadthroughouttheschoolandbeyond,inspiringotherstudentstotakeactionandmakeapositiveimpactintheirowncommunities.Effortsofresponsibilityandsustainabilityhavefinallypaidoff.

課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2025·陜西省寶雞市高三三模)Ashadowyfiguresitsaloneinaroom,hisfacedimlylitbyacomputerscreen.Withagrin,hetypesinaseriesofcomputercommands,andintheblinkofaneye,someone’sbankaccountisdrainedtozero.Intoday’sdigitalage,cyberattackslikethishappenthousandsoftimesperday.Hackerscanstealmoney,information,orcompletelytakecontrolofamachinefromanywhereintheworld.However,notallhackersarevillains.Somehackers,calledwhitehatorethicalhackers,areindividualswhomakethemostoftheirhackingskillstoidentifysecurityvulnerabilities(漏洞)inhardware,softwareandnetworks.Theirjobiscrucialinpreventingcyberattacksandsafeguardingsensitiveinformation.Theterm“whitehat”originatedfromoldcowboymovies,whereheroesworewhitehatsandvillainsworeblackones.Liketheheroesincowboymovies,whitehatsseektostopthebadguysandsavetheday.Whitehathackersonlyseekvulnerabilitieslegally,oftenworkingonopen-sourcesoftwareorwithauthorizedaccesstosystems.Oncetheseweakspotsareidentified,companiesorindividualscantakestepstopreventseriousbreachesandlosses.Whitehathackersuseavarietyofdifferenttechniquestokeeptheinternetsafe.Penetrationtesting,forexample,allowsthemtomimiccyberattacksanduncoversystemweaknesses.Securityscanningtoolsallowwhitehatstoidentifyholesinanetwork’ssecuritysystems.Simulatingdenial-of-serviceattacks(DoSattacks)helpscompaniesprepareforattacksagainsttheirwebsites.Manyoftheworld’stopwhitehathackersbegantheirjourneysonthewrongsideofthelaw.AprimeexampleisKevinMitnick.Thisnotorioushackeronceheldthetitleof“mostwantedhacker”intheU.S.duetohiscybercriminalactivitiesin1995.However,afterbeingarrestedandspendingfiveyearsinjail,hislifetookaremarkableturn.Mitnickdecidedtousehishackingskillsforethicalpurposes,eventuallyestablishinghisowncybersecurityconsultingcompany.Ifyouaspiretobeawhitehathacker,startbybuildingastrongfoundationincomputerandnetworkfundamentals.Goodluck,computercowboy!【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹的是在數(shù)字時(shí)代充分利用黑客技能來捍衛(wèi)數(shù)字世界安全的“白帽黑客”。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“villains”inParagraph2mean?A.Evil-doers. B.Heroes. C.Attackers. D.Victims.√解析

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線單詞前的“Intoday’sdigitalage,cyberattackslike...intheworld.”可知,在當(dāng)今數(shù)字時(shí)代,很多黑客從世界的任何地方竊取金錢、信息或者是控制一臺機(jī)器,結(jié)合however可知,畫線單詞所在的句子表示的內(nèi)容與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,所以此處表示的是不是所有的黑客都是做不好的事情的人,由此可知,畫線單詞的意思與“做不好事情的人”的意義相近。故選A項(xiàng)。2.Whatcanwelearnaboutwhitehathackers?A.Theywearwhitehatsincowboymovies.B.Theydoeverythingtosafeguardpeople’sinformation.C.Theylegallyusetheirprofessionalskillstohelppeople.D.Theyfindvulnerabilitiesforpersonalgainwithoutdoingharm.√解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Whitehathackersonlyseekvulnerabilitieslegally...topreventseriousbreachesandlosses.”可知,白帽黑客一般都是采用合法的途徑進(jìn)入系統(tǒng),去發(fā)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的弱點(diǎn),以便采取措施防止嚴(yán)重的違規(guī)和損失。由此可知,白帽黑客合法地使用他們的專業(yè)技能來幫助人們。故選C項(xiàng)。3.Peopleskilledincomputerandnetworkcan’tbetopwhitehathackersunless

.

A.theyobeythelawB.theyidentifysecurityweakpointsC.theytakemeasurestostopseriouslossesD.theybuildtheirowncybersecurityconsultingcompanies√解析

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Manyoftheworld’stopwhitehathackersbegantheirjourneysonthewrongsideofthelaw.”可知,很多頂級的白帽黑客都是從違法開始自己的旅程,由此可知,精通計(jì)算機(jī)和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的人不可能成為頂級白帽黑客的前提是要遵守法律,否則就會成為違法者。故選A項(xiàng)。4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toteachushowtostaysecureonline.B.Totellushowtobetopwhitehackers.C.Towarnusofthedangersofcyberattacks.D.Tointroducedefendersofthedigitalworld.√解析

寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第二段以及下文介紹的白帽黑客的特點(diǎn)以及在保護(hù)數(shù)字世界安全方面的作用可知,本文的目的是介紹數(shù)字世界安全的捍衛(wèi)者——白帽黑客。故選D項(xiàng)。(2025·宣城高三二模)