高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省湘潭市2025屆高三5月適應(yīng)性考試英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortheshoes?A.$80. B.$68. C.$15.【答案】B【原文】M:Excuseme,howmuchisthispairofsportsshoes?W:They’re$80.Butifyouhaveamembercard,youcangeta15%discount.M:Great!Idohaveone.I’lltakethem.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Customerandwaiter. C.Photographerandmodel.【答案】C【原文】M:Smileandlookatthecamera.Great!Now,standwithyourchinupandchestout.W:Likethis?Doyouthinkthisbackgroundworkswell?M:Perfect!Thelightingisjustright.Let’stakeonemoreshot.3.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Getarefund. B.Selecttheseat. C.Changethedate.【答案】C【原文】W:Hello,thisistheticketoffice.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Iboughtaconcertticketfortomorrow,butI’mbusythen.W:So,doyouwantarefund?M:No,I’dliketochangeittothedayaftertomorrow.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ascienceclub. B.Aposterdesign. C.Apainting.【答案】B【原文】W:Hi,Tom.How’sthescienceclubposter?M:Themaindesignisready.ButMr.Smiththoughtaboutusingbrightcolorsorfunnypicturesonit.Andhefinallydecidedtoaddsomecool3Dpictures.W:Thatsoundsgreat!Everyonewilllikeit.5.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Atatheater. B.Athome. C.Atschool.【答案】B【原文】W:Dear,isthemoviestartingataquartertoseventonight?Ican’tremember.M:No,itwasrescheduled.Therewasatechnicalproblem,sothetheaterpusheditbackanhour.W:Thanksfortellingme.Anyhow,wecouldbringourkidstoschoolandthenstayhomeforawhilebeforesettingout.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whattroubledoesthewomanhavewiththenewapp?A.Slowstart-up. B.Log-infailure. C.Filehandlingchaos.7.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Fixtheissue. B.Takeabreak. C.Askforsupport.【答案】6.C7.C【原文】M:Haveyoustartedusingthenewteachingsoftwareforourclassesyet?W:Yes,butI’mhavingafewheadacheswithit.It’ssupposedtostreamlinethewholeteachingprocess,butitseemsmoretroublethanit’sworthatthemoment.M:Ohno!Ithoughtitwasmeanttomakeourliveseasier.What’sgoingwrong?W:Thesoftwaredoesagreatjobwithorganizingcoursematerials,butIkeeprunningintoproblemswhenstudentstrytosubmittheirassignments.Somefilesgetmessedup,andothersjustdisappearintothinair.M:That’sreallyfrustrating.Maybeweshouldcontactthetechnicalsupportteamduringourbreak.W:Goodidea!聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.WhatinspiredProfessorBrowntostudyurbangardens?A.Citypollution. B.Childhoodmemory. C.Neighbors’advice.9.WhichfunctionofurbangardensdoesProfessorBrownvaluemost?A.Clearingtheair.B.Beautifyingtheenvironment.C.Enhancingcommunityidentity.10.WhatdoesProfessorBrownwanttoachieve?A.Buildingbiggerparks.B.Boostinglocaltourism.C.Promotingurbangardening.【答案】8.B9.C10.C【原文】M:Welcometoourprogram,ProfessorBrown.Yourrecentstudyonurbangardenshasachievedremarkableresults.Congratulations!W:Thankyou.I’mveryhappytosharemyresearchhere.M:Whatinspiredyoutoengageinthestudyofurbangardens?W:Well,Igrewupinasmalltownsurroundedbybeautifulgardens.Aftermovingtothecity,Imissedthatgreenworld.AndIfoundmanyurbanresidentsfeltthesameway,soIdecidedtoexplorehowgardenscouldenrichcitylife.M:Amongallaspectsofurbangardens,whatdoyouthinkisthemostattractive?W:Thesenseofcommunity.Urbangardensbringneighborstogether,helpingthembondandmakefriends.M:Whatisyourmaingoalforthisresearch?W:Iaimtopromotetheconstructionofpublicgardensinmorecities.Thesegardensnotonlybeautifytheenvironment,butalsorelievestress,purifytheair,andmakecitiesmorelivable.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.Whatdoestheman’sreportfocuson?A.Informationage. B.Internetdevelopment.C.Environmentalprotection.12.Whatistheman’strouble?A.Findingatopic. B.Writingtheabstract. C.Understandingthedata.13.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Buyrelevantbooks. B.Writeanewreport.Usethewoman’sbooks.【答案】11.C12.B13.C【原文】W:Hi,David.Iheardyou’reworkingonareport.What’sthetopicthistime?M:It’saboutenvironmentalpreservation.Ithinkit’sacrucialissuenowadays,butI’mfacingsomechallengesintheprocess.W:Oh?Whatkindofproblemsareyouhaving?M:I’mhavingatoughtimewritingtheabstract.Ijustcan’tseemtosummarizethekeypointsclearlyandconcisely.W:Maybeyoushouldstartbyanalyzingthedatayou’vecollectedfirst.Onceyouhaveabetterunderstandingofthedata,theabstractmightcomemoreeasily.M:Thedataanalysisisanotherheadache.There’ssomuchinformation,andI’mnotsurewhichonesarerelevantandhowtointerpretthemproperly.W:Isee.Well,I’vegotsomebooksondataanalysisforenvironmentalstudies.Theymightgiveyousomegoodguidance.M:Really?Thatwouldbegreat!DoyouthinkIcouldborrowthem?W:Sure!I’llbringthemtoyoutomorrow.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whyistherobotprojectintrouble?A.Thebatterydied. B.Themotorstopped. C.Thescreencracked.15.Whatwastheteam’sfirstresponse?A.Quittingthefair. B.Buyingnewparts. C.Seekingextratime.16.Whatarethestudentsdoingcurrently?A.Fixingthecircuit. B.Designingtherobot. C.Buyinganewmotor.17.WhatadditionalhelpdoesLucyoffer?A.Invitingajudge. B.Buyingnewtools. C.Lendingtestingspace.【答案】14.B15.A16.A17.C【原文】W:Hey,Tom!Youlookexhausted.What’swrong?M:Hi,Lucy.Theschoolsciencefairisnextweek,andourgroup’srobotprojectisinbigtrouble.Themotorsuddenlystoppedworkingthismorning,andwecan’tfigureoutwhy.W:Ohno!That’sterrible.Whatdidyourteamdoatfirst?M:Weweresopanickedthatwealmostgaveupandtoldtheteacherwe’ddropout.Butthenwerealizedwe’dspentmonthsonthis,sowedecidedtotaketherobotapartandcheckeachpart.W:Smartmove!Doyouneedanytools?Ihaveatoolkitmydadgaveme.M:That’dbeamazing!Rightnow,we’reanalyzingthecircuitboardandrewritingsomeoftheprogrammingcode.It’saraceagainsttime.W:I’msureyou’llfixthecircuit.Ifyouneedmorehelp,Icanaskmybrother—he’sgoodatrobotics.Maybewecaneventesttherobotinmybackyardbeforethefair.M:That’sagreatidea!Wedefinitelyneedtodoatrialrun.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whatdoesthespeakerdo?A.Areporter. B.Ateacher. C.Anengineer.19.Whatcansurpriseindustryinsidersmost?A.Thevideoquality. B.Theusernumbers. C.Thenewfunctions.20.Howcanpeoplehelpsolvethemisinformationproblems?A.Bylearningtojudge. B.Byavoidingusingapps. C.Bymanagingplatforms.【答案】18.A19.B20.A【原文】W:Goodafternoon,listeners!Welcometoourprogram.Today,we’lldiscussahighlyrelevantissue—theboomingdevelopmentofshort-videoplatforms.Inrecentyears,theseplatformshavebecomeextremelypopularamongpeopleofallages.Whatsurprisesindustryinsidersmostistheincrediblenumberofdailyactiveusers.Someplatformsnowhavebillionsofusersworldwide.However,thisrapidgrowthhasalsoledtoseveralproblems.Forexample,thespreadofmisinformationthroughshortvideoshasbecomearealheadache.Also,someinappropriatecontentontheseplatformsmayhaveanegativeimpactonyoungpeople.So,whatcanwedotodealwiththeseproblems?First,weshouldimproveourabilitytoidentifyfalseinformationandnoteasilybelieveeverythingwesee.Second,parentsandteachersneedtoguideteenagerstouseshort-videoplatformsproperly.Last,thegovernmentisstrengtheningsupervisiontomaketheplatformscleaner.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreabouthowtousetheseplatformssafely,visitourcommunitycenter’swebsiteat.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHistoryMajorinOxfordUniversityEntranceRequirementsAAASubjectHistoryDuration3years(full-time)DegreeBachelorofArtAdmissionTestsox.ac.uk./hatContact+44(0)1865615013AdmissionWrittenTest30%andInterviewedTest70%StatisticsSuccessful21%Intake223(atmost)Oxford’sHistorycoursecombinestheexaminationoflargeregionsoverextendedperiodsoftimewithmorefocusedworkonsmallersocialgroups,shorterperiodsandparticularthemes.Itprovidesadistinctiveeducationbydevelopinganawarenessofthedifferingpolitical,cultural,socialandeconomicstructureswithinpastsocietiesandhowtheyinterrelate.Oxfordisknownforthebroadcoursesandtheconsiderablechoicesoffered.StudentscanstudyoptionsonanypartofBritishandEuropeanhistoryfromthedecliningyearsoftheRomanEmpiretothepresentday.Thegeographicalrangeisalsobroad:thereareoptionsonNorthAmerican,LatinAmerican,AsianandAfricanhistory(seethedepartmentwebsiteforfurtherdetails).Studentsareencouragedtoadoptavarietyofinterdisciplinaryapproachestotheirwork,andthefacultyisstrongonintellectualandculturalhistoryoptions.TheOxfordHistoryFaculty(全體教師)isattheforefrontofresearch.OxfordalsopossessesexceptionallibraryprovisionforHistoryintheBodleianLibrary,theHistoryFacultyLibrary,theSacklerandtheWestonLibrary’sspecialcollections.21.Whatcanweknowfromtheinformationtable?A.Theadmissiontestsmainlyfocusonwrittentest.B.StudentscanemailOxfordUniversityforinquiry.C.OxfordUniversitycanadmitover223historymajors.D.Studentscangetahistorybachelordegreein3years.22.WhatdotheresearchfieldsofthehistorymajorinOxfordUniversityskip?A.Religion. B.Politics. C.Economy. D.Culture.23.WhatisspecialabouthistorymajorinOxfordUniversity?A.Ithastheprofessorsleadingthehistoryresearch. B.Ithasvarioushistoricalresortstodoresearchon.C.Ithaswidecoursesandmanyoptionsforstudents. D.IthasaverylonghistoryfromtheRomanEmpire.【答案】21.D22.A23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹牛津大學(xué)的歷史專業(yè)?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中的“Duration3years(full-time)(學(xué)制3年（全日制）)”可知，學(xué)生可以在3年內(nèi)獲得歷史學(xué)士學(xué)位。故選D。【22題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第一段“Itprovidesadistinctiveeducationbydevelopinganawarenessofthedifferingpolitical,cultural,socialandeconomicstructureswithinpastsocietiesandhowtheyinterrelate.(它通過(guò)培養(yǎng)對(duì)過(guò)去社會(huì)中不同的政治、文化、社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)及其相互關(guān)系的認(rèn)識(shí)，提供了一種獨(dú)特的教育)”可知，歷史專業(yè)通過(guò)培養(yǎng)對(duì)過(guò)去社會(huì)中不同的政治、文化、社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的認(rèn)識(shí)以及它們?nèi)绾蜗嗷ヂ?lián)系，提供一種獨(dú)特的教育。所以領(lǐng)域不涉及宗教。故選A。【23題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Oxfordisknownforthebroadcoursesandtheconsiderablechoicesoffered.StudentscanstudyoptionsonanypartofBritishandEuropeanhistoryfromthedecliningyearsoftheRomanEmpiretothepresentday.Thegeographicalrangeisalsobroad:thereareoptionsonNorthAmerican,LatinAmerican,AsianandAfricanhistory(seethedepartmentwebsiteforfurtherdetails).

(牛津大學(xué)以其廣泛的課程和豐富的選擇而聞名。學(xué)生們可以學(xué)習(xí)從羅馬帝國(guó)衰落時(shí)期到現(xiàn)代英國(guó)和歐洲歷史的任何一個(gè)方面的課程選項(xiàng)。其地理范圍也很廣泛：有關(guān)于北美、拉丁美洲、亞洲和非洲歷史的課程可供選擇（更多詳情請(qǐng)查看系里的網(wǎng)站）)”可知，牛津大學(xué)的歷史專業(yè)以廣泛的課程和提供的大量選擇而聞名。故選C。BAfter28yearsinUrumqi,capitalofNorthwestChina’sXinjiangUygurautonomousregion,AsimMuhammadfromPakistanisusuallyconsideredalocalbytourists,sinceAsimhasthecapacitytospeakfluentChinese.HealsoregardsUrumqiashissecondhomeconsideringhislife-changingexperiencethere.“IfIhadn’tcomehere,Iwouldhavemissedoutononeofthemostimportantpeopleinmylife.”heoncenoted.WhenhefirstcametoXinjiang,hecameacrosshiswifeSaydaAbliz.Oneyearlater,thetwosoongotmarriedandsettleddowninUrumqi,openingajewelryshopin1994.Twenty-eightyearsofhappymarriagehavegiventhemthreechildren,andtheyoungestonewasbornin2010,andAsimisfullofprideforthem.Asimsaystravelingisoneofthefamily’sfavoriteactivities.HisfamilyhasvisitedPakistan,theUnitedStates,FranceaswellasChinesecitiessuchasBeijing,ShenzheninGuangdongprovince,andShanghai.“ManycitieshavedevelopedalotinChina.SohasUrumqi.”Asimsays.Whenhefirstcametotheregionalcapital,thereweren’tmanytallbuildingsandthetransportationfacilitieswereinadequate,hesays.Skyscrapers,high-speedtrainsandsubways,headds,havemadelifemoreconvenientinthecity.WithmoretouristspouringintoXinjiang,Asim’sjewelrybusinesshasalsoexperiencedbooming(急速的)development.Formerly,afterheandhiswifeopenedtheirshopattheInternationalGrandBazaar,itwasamarketplace.Butgradually,withhelpofthelocalgovernmentbyofferingfunds,thebazaarwasremodeledtohighlightethnicculturalelements.IthasnowbeenturnedintooneofXinjiang’smosticonic(標(biāo)志性的)touristattractions,hesays.Headdsthat,eventhoughtheeconomiccrisishashitthebusinessesthere,heisstillconfidentthatthingswillpickupandhehasbeenplanninganotherfamilytripwhenhehassparetime.24.WhatmakesAsimMuhammadlooklikeanativeinChina?A.HisChinese-likelifestyle. B.HisproficiencyinChinese.C.HismixedChinesebloodline. D.HisappearancelikeaChinese.25.HowistheAsimMuhammad’slifeinChina?A.Delightful. B.Bitter. C.Busy. D.Luxurious.26.WhatcanweinferfromthewordsofAsimMuhammadinparagraph3?A.Theregionalcapitalhaschangedagreatdeal.B.Hisfamilyhastraveledalotforbusinessaffairs.C.China’scitieshaveboomedalotexceptUrumqi.D.Transportationfacilitiesarefarfromconvenient.27.GrandBazaarhasbecomeoneofXinjiang’smosticonictouristattractionsdueto_________.A.itsspeedydevelopment B.itsvariedsocialculturesC.thefinancialsponsorofthelocalgovernment D.thejointeffortsfrompeopleofallwalksoflife【答案】24.B25.A26.A27.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了AsimMuhammad(阿西姆?穆罕默德)在中國(guó)開(kāi)珠寶店為生的幸福生活?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“After28yearsinUrumqi,capitalofNorthwestChina’sXinjiangUygurautonomousregion,AsimMuhammadfromPakistanisusuallyconsideredalocalbytourists,sinceAsimhasthecapacitytospeakfluentChinese.(來(lái)自巴基斯坦的阿西姆?穆罕默德在中國(guó)西北新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)首府烏魯木齊生活了28年，游客們通常把他當(dāng)作當(dāng)?shù)厝?，因?yàn)榘⑽髂纺苷f(shuō)一口流利的中文。)”可知，是他熟練掌握中文讓他看起來(lái)像本地人。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneyearlater,thetwosoongotmarriedandsettleddowninUrumqi,openingajewelryshopin1994.Twenty-eightyearsofhappymarriagehavegiventhemthreechildren,andtheyoungestonewasbornin2010,andAsimisfullofprideforthem.(一年后，兩人很快結(jié)婚并在烏魯木齊定居，1994年開(kāi)了一家珠寶店。28年的幸福婚姻讓他們有了三個(gè)孩子，最小的孩子出生于2010年，阿西姆為他們感到非常驕傲。)”以及第三段“Asimsaystravelingisoneofthefamily’sfavoriteactivities.(阿西姆說(shuō)旅行是他們家最喜歡的活動(dòng)之一。)”可知，阿西姆在中國(guó)的生活是令人愉快的。故選A。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“‘ManycitieshavedevelopedalotinChina.SohasUrumqi.’Asimsays.Whenhefirstcametotheregionalcapital,thereweren’tmanytallbuildingsandthetransportationfacilitieswereinadequate,hesays.Skyscrapers,high-speedtrainsandsubways,headds,havemadelifemoreconvenientinthecity.(‘中國(guó)的許多城市都發(fā)展得很快。烏魯木齊也是?！⑽髂氛f(shuō)。他說(shuō)，當(dāng)他第一次來(lái)到首府時(shí)，這里沒(méi)有很多高樓大廈，交通設(shè)施也不完善。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，摩天大樓、高鐵和地鐵讓這座城市的生活更加便利。)”可知，首府烏魯木齊發(fā)生了很大的變化。故選A?！?7題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Formerly,afterheandhiswifeopenedtheirshopattheInternationalGrandBazaar,itwasamarketplace.Butgradually,withhelpofthelocalgovernmentbyofferingfunds,thebazaarwasremodeledtohighlightethnicculturalelements.IthasnowbeenturnedintooneofXinjiang’smosticonic(標(biāo)志性的)touristattractions,hesays.(以前，他和妻子在國(guó)際大巴扎開(kāi)了店，那時(shí)大巴扎只是一個(gè)市場(chǎng)。但漸漸地，在當(dāng)?shù)卣峁┵Y金的幫助下，大巴扎進(jìn)行了改造，突出了民族文化元素。他說(shuō)，它現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為新疆最具標(biāo)志性的旅游景點(diǎn)之一。)”可知，是當(dāng)?shù)卣馁Y金支持使大巴扎成為標(biāo)志性旅游景點(diǎn)。故選C。CAteamfromRutgersNewJerseyMedicalSchoolfoundthatmicelackingaspecificgenedevelopedanunusuallypowerfulformofbrownfattissue,whichimprovedlongevityandincreasedexercisecapabilitybyapproximately30%.Theteamisnowworkingonadrugtoreplicatetheseeffectsinhumans.“Exercisecapabilityreducesasyougetolder,andtohaveatechniquethatcouldenhanceexerciseperformancewouldbeverybeneficialforhealthfulaging.”saidStephenVatner,seniorauthorofthestudyinAgingCell.Thisstudyrevealedbrownfatenhancesbloodflowtomusclesduringphysicalactivity.Thegeneticallymodifiedmiceproducedunusuallyhighamountsofactivebrownfatandshowedabout30%betterexerciseperformancethannormalmice,bothinspeedandtimetoexhaustion.Themodifiedmice,whichlackaproteincalledRGS14,liveabout20%longerthannormalmice,withfemaleslivinglongerthanmales.Evenatadvancedages,theymaintainahealthierappearanceandwitnessnolossofhairandgrayingthatappearinnormalelderlymice.Theirbrownfattissuealsoprotectsthemfromcertaindiseases.Theresearchersalsotransplanted(移植)thebrownfattonormalmice.Theynotedthatthereceiversgainedsimilarbenefitswithindays.Transplantsusingregularbrownfatfromnormalmice,bycontrast,tookeightweekstoproducemuchslighterimprovements.Thediscoverycouldeventuallyprolongthetotaltimewhenpeopleenjoygoodmentalandphysicalhealth.Ratherthandevelopatreatmentthataddressesagingbroadly,Vatnersaidhisteamplanstotestforspecificbenefitssuchasimprovedexercisecapacityandmetabolism(新陳代謝).Inthemeantime,techniquessuchasicebathscanincreasebrownfatnaturally.Studieshavefoundsucheffortsproducedshort-termbenefitsthatrangefromenhancedimmunesystemfunctiontoimprovedmetabolichealth,butVatnersaidnoneofthestudieshaverunlongenoughtofindanyeffectonhealthfulaging.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninparagraph1?A.Exam. B.Copy. C.Lighten. D.Explain.29.Whatdidthestudyfindaboutbrownfat?A.Itisproducedbyacertainprotein. B.Itisusedtotreatspecificillnesses.C.Itreducesexercise-relatedinjuries. D.Ithelpsimproveexercisetolerance.30.Whyweretwodifferenttransplantsconducted?A.Tostressthechancesoftransplantingbrownfat. B.Toshowtheunderlyinglogicoftransplanting.C.Tocomparetheresultsoftwotransplants. D.Toprovebrownfatbenefitsnormalmice.31.WhatisVatner’sattitudetowarddeliberatecoldexposure?A.Cautious. B.Unclear. C.Pessimistic. D.Approving.【答案】28.B29.D30.C31.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于棕色脂肪組織的研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)其能提高小鼠的運(yùn)動(dòng)能力和壽命，并探討了其在人類健康中的應(yīng)用潛力?！?8題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“AteamfromRutgersNewJerseyMedicalSchoolfoundthatmicelackingaspecificgenedevelopedanunusuallypowerfulformofbrownfattissue,whichimprovedlongevityandincreasedexercisecapabilitybyapproximately30%.Theteamisnowworkingonadrugtoreplicatetheseeffectsinhumans.(羅格斯大學(xué)新澤西醫(yī)學(xué)院的一個(gè)研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，缺乏特定基因的老鼠產(chǎn)生了一種異常強(qiáng)大的棕色脂肪組織，這使它們的壽命延長(zhǎng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)能力提高了約30%。該研究小組現(xiàn)在正在研發(fā)一種藥物，以在人類身上replicate這些效果)”可知，研究小組先發(fā)現(xiàn)了缺乏特定基因的老鼠所產(chǎn)生的特殊效果，即棕色脂肪組織能改善老鼠的壽命和運(yùn)動(dòng)能力，現(xiàn)在研發(fā)藥物是為了在人類身上也產(chǎn)生和老鼠同樣的效果，所以replicate意思是“復(fù)制”，與“Copy”意思相符。故選B?！?9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thegeneticallymodifiedmiceproducedunusuallyhighamountsofactivebrownfatandshowedabout30%betterexerciseperformancethannormalmice,bothinspeedandtimetoexhaustion.(這些經(jīng)過(guò)基因改造的老鼠產(chǎn)生了異常大量的活躍棕色脂肪，與正常老鼠相比，它們的運(yùn)動(dòng)表現(xiàn)提高了約30%，無(wú)論是在速度還是到筋疲力盡的時(shí)間上)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)棕色脂肪有助于提高運(yùn)動(dòng)耐力，即選項(xiàng)D“它有助于提高運(yùn)動(dòng)耐力”。故選D。【30題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersalsotransplanted(移植)thebrownfattonormalmice.Theynotedthatthereceiversgainedsimilarbenefitswithindays.Transplantsusingregularbrownfatfromnormalmice,bycontrast,tookeightweekstoproducemuchslighterimprovements.(研究人員還將棕色脂肪移植到正常老鼠體內(nèi)。他們注意到，接受移植的老鼠在幾天內(nèi)就獲得了類似的好處。相比之下，使用來(lái)自正常老鼠的普通棕色脂肪進(jìn)行移植，需要八周時(shí)間才能產(chǎn)生更微小的改善)”可知，進(jìn)行兩種不同的移植是為了比較兩種移植的結(jié)果，以觀察哪種移植方式更有效。故選C。【31題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inthemeantime,techniquessuchasicebathscanincreasebrownfatnaturally.Studieshavefoundsucheffortsproducedshort-termbenefitsthatrangefromenhancedimmunesystemfunctiontoimprovedmetabolichealth,butVatnersaidnoneofthestudieshaverunlongenoughtofindanyeffectonhealthfulaging.(與此同時(shí)，像冰浴這樣的技術(shù)可以自然地增加棕色脂肪。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些努力產(chǎn)生了短期的好處，包括增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)功能和改善代謝健康，但瓦特納表示，這些研究的時(shí)間都不夠長(zhǎng)，無(wú)法發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)健康衰老的任何影響)”可知，Vatner認(rèn)為像冰浴這樣的技術(shù)雖然能產(chǎn)生短期的好處，但還沒(méi)有足夠的研究來(lái)證明它們對(duì)健康衰老的影響，因此他對(duì)故意暴露于寒冷的態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎的。故選A。DWhenaducksailsacrossapond,itmayappeartobeeffortlesslycrossingthewater,butinfact,itshiddenfeetareworkingovertimetokeepitafloat.Itisthiscontrastofoutwardcalmandhiddenchaosthatinspiredtheterm“floatingducksyndrome”(綜合征).Beyondthename,ithaslittletodowithducks,insteaddescribinghowindividualsadvertisetheirachievementsandmaskthestrugglesbehindthem.Inarecentstudy,scientistsinvestigatedthephenomenon.“Anincreasinglycommonphenomenoninmodernworkandschoolsettingsisindividualstakingontoomanytasksandspendingeffortwithoutcorrespondingrewards,”thestudyauthorswrite.“Suchanimbalanceofeffortsandrewardsleadstonegativeconsequences.”Toexplainhowthisimbalancearises,theresearchersbuiltamathematicalmodelofsociallearningandmodeledaworldwherepeopletrytojudgehowmuchefforttoputintotheirworkwithoutfullknowledgeofhowmucheffortitwilltaketosucceed.Researchersfoundindividualsinthemodelmistakenlyexpectedgreaterrewardsfortheireffortthantheyactuallyreceived.“Modernlifeconstantlyurgesustodecidehowtodivideourtimeandenergybetweendifferentdomainsoflife.Howwearrangeourtimeandenergybetweenthesedomains,howmanydifferentactivitieswepursueineachdomain,andwhattheresultingrewardsare,havesignificanteffectsonourmentalandphysicalhealth.”ErolAk?ayfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniasaid.Andtheveneer(假象)ofperfectiononsocialmediaisn’thelpingthings.“Floatingducksyndromeisoftenenhancedbysocialmediaplatformswhichmakesuccessesmorevisiblebutnotnecessarilytheeffortspenttoachievethem.”Ak?ayadded.Sowhatcanwedotodealwiththefloatingduck?Tacklingtherootcauseisthewaytogo.Weneedtostopunderreportingeffortinsociallearningdynamicsandpromoteacultureofopennesswhentalkingaboutoursuccessesandfailures.Thatway,weshouldbecomemoreawareoftheworkrequiredofusandlesslikelytospreadourselvestoothinchasingunrealisticperfection.32.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Howapersonunderstandsaterm. B.Howaconceptcomesintobeing.C.Whyaphenomenoninspireschaos. D.Whyapersonmaskshisstruggles.33.Howdoestheresearchersconductthestudytoclarifytheimbalanceinparagraph3?A.Bytheoreticalmodelling. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Bycarryingoutinterviews. D.Byanalyzingaphenomenon.34.WhatdoesErolAkcaywanttoconvey?A.Theessenceofmentalreward. B.Thesideeffectsofsocialmedia.C.Thenecessityofvisiblesuccess. D.Theunderlyinglogicofperfection.35.Whatcanwedotoescapefloatingducksyndrome?A.Ceasepursuitofunreality. B.Performtherequiredwork.C.Beambitiousaboutdreams. D.Recognizeothers’hardwork.【答案】32.B33.A34.B35.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了“浮鴨綜合征”這一現(xiàn)象，解釋了其成因、影響以及應(yīng)對(duì)方法?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenaducksailsacrossapond,itmayappeartobeeffortlesslycrossingthewater,butinfact,itshiddenfeetareworkingovertimetokeepitafloat.Itisthiscontrastofoutwardcalmandhiddenchaosthatinspiredtheterm“floatingducksyndrome”(綜合征).(當(dāng)一只鴨子游過(guò)池塘?xí)r，它可能看起來(lái)毫不費(fèi)力地穿過(guò)水面，但實(shí)際上，它隱藏的蹼在加班工作以保持漂浮。正是這種表面的平靜和隱藏的混亂的對(duì)比激發(fā)了“漂浮鴨綜合征”這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ))”可知，第一段主要講述了“漂浮鴨綜合征”這一概念是如何產(chǎn)生的。故選B。【33題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Toexplainhowthisimbalancearises,theresearchersbuiltamathematicalmodelofsociallearningandmodeledaworldwherepeopletrytojudgehowmuchefforttoputintotheirworkwithoutfullknowledgeofhowmucheffortitwilltaketosucceed.(為了解釋這種不平衡是如何產(chǎn)生的，研究人員建立了一個(gè)社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)的數(shù)學(xué)模型，并模擬了一個(gè)人們?cè)诓煌耆私獬晒λ枧Φ那闆r下判斷該在工作中投入多少努力的世界)”可知，研究人員通過(guò)建立數(shù)學(xué)模型來(lái)進(jìn)行研究。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Andtheveneer(假象)ofperfectiononsocialmediaisn’thelpingthings.“Floatingducksyndromeisoftenenhancedbysocialmediaplatformswhichmakesuccessesmorevisiblebutnotnecessarilytheeffortspenttoachievethem.”Ak?ayadded.(而且社交媒體上完美的假象并沒(méi)有起到好的作用?！捌▲喚C合征常常被社交媒體平臺(tái)加劇，這些平臺(tái)讓成功更加明顯，但不一定能體現(xiàn)為實(shí)現(xiàn)成功所付出的努力。”Ak?ay補(bǔ)充道)”可知，ErolAk?ay認(rèn)為社交媒體有副作用，它加劇了“漂浮鴨綜合征”。故選B?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Sowhatcanwedotodealwiththefloatingduck?Tacklingtherootcauseisthewaytogo.Weneedtostopunderreportingeffortinsociallearningdynamicsandpromoteacultureofopennesswhentalkingaboutoursuccessesandfailures.Thatway,weshouldbecomemoreawareoftheworkrequiredofusandlesslikelytospreadourselvestoothinchasingunrealisticperfection.(那么我們能做些什么來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)“漂浮鴨綜合征”呢？解決根本原因是正確的方法。我們需要停止低估社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力方面的努力，在談?wù)撐覀兊某晒褪r(shí)，提倡一種開(kāi)放的文化。這樣，我們應(yīng)該更清楚自己需要做的工作，而不太可能過(guò)于分散精力，追求不切實(shí)際的完美。)”可知，要擺脫“漂浮鴨綜合征”，需要停止追求不切實(shí)際的東西。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Journalingisapowerfultoolforpersonalgrowthandreflection,anditcanbeagreatwaytoexploreyourthoughtsandfeelings.However,manypeopleareunsurehowtostartorwhattojournalabout.____36____Thosemethodsusedwhenjournalingjustlikehandytoolshelpusnavigatelife’schallenges—whetherit’sfindingclaritythroughwritingordiscoveringresourceslikethebestwritingservices.Whenstarting,youshouldkeepitsimpleandfocusonconsistency.Althoughyoumightwanttowritelongandperfectentriesrightaway,it’sbettertostartsmall.Ifyoutrytobeperfectfromthestart,youmaygetdiscouragedeasily.____37____Besides,usingjournalprompts(提示)canbeveryhelpful.Ifyoualwaysstruggletocomeupwithideas,turningtopromptscansolvethisproblem.Butdon’tover-dependonthem.____38____Thisway,youcanexploreyourownthoughtsandfeelingswithouttoomuchguidance.____39____Ifyouonlyfocusonwritingaboutyourdailylife,yourjournalingmaybecomeboring.Therefore,trydifferenttypesofjournalinglikestream-of-consciousnesswritingorreflectionsonquotestomakeitmoreinteresting.Ioftenuseprompts,gratitudelists,orsimplyreflectonmomentsthatbroughtmejoy.Thebeautyofjournalingisthatitevolveswithyou.Ifyou’vebeenlookingforawaytoconnectwithyourself,growpersonally,orsimplyprocesstheupsanddownsoflife,journalingisanincredibletooltotry.____40____Sograbajournal,pickoneofthejournallingpromptsabove,andjuststartwriting.You’llbeamazedatwhatyoudiscoveraboutyourselfalongtheway.A.Onlyturntopromptswhenyou’retrulystuck.B.Ibelievejournalingwilltransformyourlifeonceyoustart.C.Instead,startwithshortentriesandbuildthehabitgradually.D.Youmightfeelconfusedandnotknowhow