高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省十堰市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月期末英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillthewomanmeetDilipPatel?A.Inthemorning. B.Aroundnoon. C.Intheafternoon.【答案】B【原文】W:MayIseeDilipPateltoday?M:He’sinameetingthismorning,butyou’llgetachancetomeetupwithhimoverlunch.Andyoucanvisitthecityintheafternoon.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewantstokeepthechair.B.Hecanmakeatableforthewoman.C.Theydon’thaveenoughroomfornewfurniture.【答案】C【原文】W:Myfriendhasstartedmakingfurnitureofwood.Iwasthinkingaboutorderinganewtablefromhim.M:Wedon’thaveanyspace.Ifyouwantatable,youneedtosellthosechairsthatweneveruse.3.Howdoesthewomandealwithdifficultlectures?A.Bylisteningcarefully. B.Bytakingnotesonly. C.Byrecordingthem.【答案】C【原文】M:Hey,Katherine.Doyouknowanyspecialwaystolistentolecturesbetter?W:Well,Iliketotakenotes.Butifthetopicisdifficult,Ioftenrecordthewholething.Thatway,Icanlistentothelecturealloveragainandtakereallygoodnotes.4.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewatch?A.Itisexpensive. B.ItisagiftforMike. C.Itisnotbeautiful.【答案】A【原文】M:WhatdidMikegetyouforyourbirthday,Pam?W:Hegotmeawatch.See.M:That’sbeautiful.Hemusthavespentafortuneonit.5.Howdoesthemanfindhislivingplace?A.Allright. B.Quitenoisy. C.Toocrowded.【答案】A【原文】W:Thisisaprettysmallroomtobesharedwithsomeone.Don’tyoufinditalittlecrowded?M:Well,I’musedtobeingalittlecrowded.Igrewupwithsixbrothers,remember?第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemedicine?A.Itcantreatillness. B.Itneedstesting. C.Itisuseless.7.Whoaremostresponsiblefortheproblemaccordingtotheman?A.Thehunters. B.Thebuyers. C.Themedicinecompanies.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】W:I’dneverheardofthiscreature.Itsskinseemstobemadeupofhardpieces.M:Somethinkthosepiecescanbeusedasmedicine,sotheykillthem.W:Doesthemedicinework?M:No,actuallyitisofnouse—butthatdoesn’tstopthem.Thehunters’behaviourisillegal,butIthinktheonestoblamemostarethepeoplewhobuythisso-calledmedicine.Theyknownothingandarekillingthecreaturesindirectly.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aweekendplan.B.Thelifeinthecountryside.C.Adinnerpartyintheman’shouse.9.Whowilldefinitelygotothecountryside?A.Theman’sbrother. B.Theman’sbestfriend. C.Thewoman’scousin.【答案】8.A9.A【原文】M:Iamgoingtomyuncle’ssmallhouseinthecountrysidethisweekend.Itwillbefun.Youshouldcome.W:I’dloveto.Whoelseisgoing?M:Mybrotherandhisbestfriendarecoming.W:Whatwillwedoupthere?M:Wewillcookdinner,playgames,andenjoythescenery.Theairisreallyfresh,andatnight,youcanseealotofstars.YoucanalsoinviteyourcousinJim.W:OK.Iwillaskhimlater.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whatdoesthemaninvitethewomantodo?A.Seeafilm. B.VisittheSmiths. C.Gotoabookstore.11.Whattimewillthespeakersmeet?A.At4:15pm. B.At4:00pm. C.At3:30pm.12.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.TaketheNo.5bus. B.Usehissister’sbike. C.Waitforheratthecinema.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【原文】M:Hi,Mary.DidyouhearthattheSmithshavemovedtotheirnewhouse?W:Yes,Ihearditfrommyfather.What’syourplan,Jack?M:I’dliketopayavisittotheSmithsat3:30pm.Willyougowithme?W:I’dloveto.ButIwon’tbeoffworkfrommyfactoryuntil4:00pm.Howabout4:15pm?I’llbefreethen.M:OK.Let’smeetatthebusstopandtaketheNo.5bustogothere.W:Whynotgobybike?Thebuswouldbecrowdedatthattime.M:Butmybikeisbroken.W:Youcanuseyoursister’snewbike,can’tyou?M:Yes.I’llwaitforyouinfrontofthebookstoreoppositethecinema.W:OK,seeyouthen.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whatistheman’sphotomainlyabout?A.Oranges. B.Autumnscenery. C.Acompetition.14.Howmanylikesdoesafamousphotoneedaccordingtothestudy?A.150. B.850. C.1,000.15.Whatistheman’smainreasonfortakingphotos?A.Toearnaliving. B.Towinawards. C.Tosharethem.16.Whatdoesthemanwantforhisbirthday?A.Acamera. B.Ahat. C.Aphotograph.【答案】13.B14.C15.C16.B【原文】W:Ilovethecolorsofautumn.Alltheleavesturnorangeandyellowandred.M:Yes,Igotagreatphotoyesterday.850peoplelikeditandnearly650peoplesharedit.DoesthatmeanI’mfamousonsocialmedia?W:I’mafraidnot.Accordingtoarecentstudy,youstillneedtoget150morelikes.M:Whatapity!W:Isthatmainlywhyyoutakepictures?M:What?No,no,Ijustliketosharethem,somyfriendsandfamiliescanseethem.W:Haveyoueverthoughtaboutdoingitprofessionally?M:No,butIhavejoinedsomecompetitionsandwon.W:That’samazing.Ican’twaittoseewhatyoutakeinwinterwhenitsnows.M:I’llprobablygetacold.W:Soundslikeyoushouldbuyawarmhatthen.M:Thankfully,mybirthdayisinNovember,soI’lladdittomylist.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Anewsreporter. B.Afirefighter. C.Aradiohost.18.WhatdidJoelhearattheburningbuilding?A.Ababycrying. B.Awomancrying. C.Amanshouting.19.WhywasJoelunabletogobackinsidethebuilding?A.Thefirewastoohot. B.Hewasseriouslyinjured. C.Hethoughteveryonewassafe.20.WhatcanwelearnaboutSparky?A.Hesavedthebaby. B.Hesurvivedthefire. C.Helosthishumanpartner.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.A【原文】M:Hello,welcometotoday’seveningnewsradio.Ourtopstoryisasadone.Sparky,thefamousfiredepartmentdog,diedtodayinthelineofduty.SparkyandhishumanpartnerJoelwerewalkingdownMapleStreetwhentheyspottedabuildingonfire.JoelandSparkyrantothebuildingtohelp.Joelheardthecriesofawomaninsidethebuilding,soheraninsidetosaveher.SparkyfollowedJoelintothebuilding.Joelcouldhearthewomancrying,buthecouldn’tfindherbecauseofallthesmokefromthefire.ItwasSparkywhowasfinallyabletofindthewoman.SparkyledJoelandthewomanout,butSparkysuddenlyranbackintothebuilding.ThefirewastoohotforJoeltogobackinside,andheshoutedatSparkytocomeback.Afewmomentslater,Sparkycameoutofthebuildingpullingsomethingbehindhim.Itwasababy.Sparkywasabletosavethebaby’slife,butthefurryherodiedfromseriousinjuriesjustaftercomingoutoftheburningbuilding.ThewholeneighborhoodisexpectedtocometoSparky’smemorialservicetobeheldtomorrowmorning.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWorldHeritageSitesinAncientCapitalBeijingAsaglobalcityfamousforitsrichhistoryandculture,BeijinghasmanyUNESCOWorldHeritageSites.TheGreatWallIn1987,theGreatWallwasincludedontheUNESCOWorldHeritageList.TheGreatWallwascontinuouslybuiltfromthe3rdcenturyBCtothe17thcenturyADonthenorthernbordersasagreatmilitarydefenceprojectofChinesedynasties.ItbeginsintheeastatShanhaiguaninHebeiProvinceandendsatJiayuguaninGansuProvincetothewest,withatotallengthofmorethan20,000kilometers.ThePalaceMuseumIn1987,thePalaceMuseumwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Carrying5,000yearsofChinesehistoryandculture,thewonderfularchitecturalcomplexisthusrecognizedasoneofthemostfamousculturalheritagesinChinaandtheworld.PekingManSiteatZhoukoudianPekingManSiteatZhoukoudianwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein1987.Withalargenumberofrelics,itisoneofthemostcomprehensive,systematicandvaluableearlyPaleolithichumansitesintheworld.Themuseumoffersrichanddetailedexhibitions.TheSummerPalaceIn1998,UNESCOincludedtheSummerPalaceonitsWorldHeritageList,ThehistoryoftheSummerPalacecandatebackto1750duringthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty.ItisamasterpieceofChinesegardenart,combiningnaturallandscapeswithmanmadestructures.Itsbeautifulsceneryanduniquedesignmakeitapopulardestinationfortouristsandasourceofinspirationforartistsandarchitects.21.WhatisspecialabouttheGreatWall?A.It’sthemostvisitedtouristattraction. B.Ithasthelongestperiodofconstruction.C.It’sfamousforitsarchitecturalcomplex. D.Itcarries5,000yearsofhistoryandculture.22.WhatdothePalaceMuseumandPekingManSiteatZhoukoudianhaveincommon?A.TheywerebuiltduringtheQingDynasty. B.UNESCOincludedthemthesameyear.C.Theyareparticularlyfavoredbyarchitects. D.TheyshowthelifeofearlyPaleolithichuman.23.Whichsitewillattractacollegestudentmajoringinlandscapearchitecture?A.TheGreatWall. B.ThePalaceMuseum.C.PekingManSiteatZhoukoudian. D.TheSummerPalace.【答案】21.B22.B23.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹北京作為古都的幾處聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheGreatWall部分中的“TheGreatWallwascontinuouslybuiltfromthe3rdcenturyBCtothe17thcenturyADonthenorthernbordersasagreatmilitarydefenceprojectofChinesedynasties.(長城作為中國朝代的一項偉大軍事防御工程，從公元前3世紀到公元17世紀在北方邊境持續(xù)修建。)”可知，長城的特別之處在于其建造時間最長。故選B項。【22題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThePalaceMuseum部分中的“In1987,thePalaceMuseumwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.(1987年，故宮博物院被列為聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)。)”以及PekingManSiteatZhoukoudian部分中的“PekingManSiteatZhoukoudianwaslistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein1987.(周口店北京人遺址于1987年被列為聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)。)”可知，故宮博物院和周口店北京人遺址的共同之處是它們在同一年被聯(lián)合國教科文組織列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄。故選B項?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)TheSummerPalace部分中的“ItisamasterpieceofChinesegardenart,combiningnaturallandscapeswithmanmadestructures.Itsbeautifulsceneryanduniquedesignmakeitapopulardestinationfortouristsandasourceofinspirationforartistsandarchitects.(它是中國園林藝術(shù)的杰作，將自然景觀與人工建筑相結(jié)合。其美麗的風(fēng)景和獨特的設(shè)計使它成為游客的熱門目的地，也是藝術(shù)家和建筑師的靈感來源。)”可知，頤和園會吸引景觀建筑專業(yè)的大學(xué)生。故選D項。BIttooktwoyearsoftrainingandeffort,butinFebruary,Mia,a12-year-oldgirl,finallyreachedhergoalofbecomingtheyoungestfemaleMasterScubaDiverintheUS.Thistitlerepresentsalevelofskillthatevenmanyadultdiversneverreach.AndmostdiversonlygetthebasicOpenWaterDivercertificate.WhenMiawasyoung,shelearnedthathermotherhadbecomeanOpenWaterDiverinhighschool.Miadecidedshewantedtobecomeadiver,too.However,theyoungestagetostarttrainingis10.Onher10thbirthday,MiabeganherjourneybygettingherOpenWaterDivercertificate.Herinstructorswereimpressedwithherenergyanddrive.“Shesetshermindtosomethingandgetsitdone,”saidSeamusHastings,oneofherinstructors.Overthenexttwoyears,Miatookseveraladvancedcourses,includingfirstaid,howtofindherwayunderwater,andhowtoidentifyfish.Shealsofinished78dives,farmorethanthe50requiredfortheMasterScubaDivertitle.ButMiahadtowaitforherlasttwocourses—AdvancedOpenWaterDiverandRescueDiver.That’sbecauseyouhavetobeatleast12yearsoldtoearnthesecertificates.InFebruary,MiaandherfamilytraveledtoMexico.Aweeklater,MiapassedtheAdvancedOpenWaterDivercourseaftercompletingherfirstnightdive.Thenextdayofherbirthday,whenshewasofficially12,MiafinishedtheRescueDivercourse.Thehardestpartofthecoursewasraisinganinjuredadultdivertothesurfaceandhelpingthembreatheagain.Miafoundthischallengingbutmanagedtosucceed.Miaisproudofherachievement,butshedoesn’tplantostopthere.Shehopestocontinueherdivingeducationandbecomeanoceanbiologistinthefuture.She’sparticularlyinterestedinlabelingandtrackingsharks.24.WhatinspiredMiatobeadiver?A.Herfamily’srequirement. B.Herdesiretoexploretheocean.C.Hermother’sexperience. D.Herinterestinbeinganoceanbiologist.25.WhatmadeMiadelaytakingherlasttwocourses?A.Agerestriction. B.Lackofrequiredtraining.C.Financialissues. D.Academiccommitments.26.InwhatorderdidMiacompleteherdivingcourses?A.Nightdive,RescueDiver,AdvancedOpenWaterDiver.B.RescueDiver,AdvancedOpenWaterDiver,nightdive.C.AdvancedOpenWaterDiver,nightdive,RescueDiver.D.Nightdive,AdvancedOpenWaterDiver,RescueDiver.27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMia?A.Open-mindedandtalented. B.Dynamicanddetermined.C.Responsibleandhumble. D.Strong-willedandsympathetic.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了12歲女孩Mia通過兩年訓(xùn)練和努力，成為美國最年輕的女性水肺潛水大師，她受母親影響開始潛水，克服年齡限制完成課程，未來希望成為海洋生物學(xué)家?！?4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“WhenMiawasyoung,shelearnedthathermotherhadbecomeanOpenWaterDiverinhighschool.Miadecidedshewantedtobecomeadiver,too.(當Mia還小的時候，她得知母親在高中時成為了一名開放水域潛水員。Mia決定她也想成為一名潛水員。)”可知，Mia想成為潛水員是受她母親經(jīng)歷的影響。故選C項?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ButMiahadtowaitforherlasttwocourses—AdvancedOpenWaterDiverandRescueDiver.That’sbecauseyouhavetobeatleast12yearsoldtoearnthesecertificates.(但Mia不得不等待她的最后兩門課程——高級開放水域潛水員和救援潛水員。這是因為你必須年滿12歲才能獲得這些證書。)”可知，Mia推遲上最后兩門課是因為年齡限制。故選A項?！?6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“InFebruary,MiaandherfamilytraveledtoMexico.Aweeklater,MiapassedtheAdvancedOpenWaterDivercourseaftercompletingherfirstnightdive.Thenextdayofherbirthday,whenshewasofficially12,MiafinishedtheRescueDivercourse.(2月，Mia和家人前往墨西哥。一周后，Mia在完成首次夜?jié)摵笸ㄟ^了高級開放水域潛水員課程。在她生日的第二天，也就是她正式滿12歲的時候，Mia完成了救援潛水員課程。)”可知，Mia完成潛水課程的順序是夜?jié)?、高級開放水域潛水員、救援潛水員。故選D項?！?7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Herinstructorswereimpressedwithherenergyanddrive.(她的教練們對她的精力和干勁印象深刻。)”以及第三段“Shealsofinished78dives,farmorethanthe50requiredfortheMasterScubaDivertitle.(她還完成了78次潛水，遠超過水肺潛水大師頭銜所需的50次。)”和第四段“Miafoundthischallengingbutmanagedtosucceed.(Mia發(fā)現(xiàn)這很有挑戰(zhàn)性，但還是成功了。)”可知，Mia精力充沛、有干勁且意志堅定，即充滿活力且意志堅定。故選B項。CImplantscoatedinbacteriacouldbeusedduringbonefracture(骨折)surgerytohelpspeedrecoveryandpreventpost-operativeinfections.Whensomeonesuffersafracture,surgeryissometimesneededtohelpitmendcorrectly.Acommontechniqueistouseametalimplanttohelpbrokenbonesstayinalinewhilerecovering.Theboneslowlygrowstogetherwiththemetalasitmends.LeiTanatHubeiUniversityinWuhan,China,andhisteamtestedwhethercoatinganimplantinthebacterium,Lactobacilluscasei(L.casei),whichisfoundinyogurt,couldimproverecovery.Thisspeciesisknowntocontroltheimmuneenvironment,whichcouldsupporttissuegeneration,andtoreleaseantibacterialsubstances.Todothis,theresearchersgavemetalimplantstoratswithbrokenbones.ThreeoftheratsreceivedstandardimplantsandthreehadimplantscoatedindeadL.caseibacteria.Afterfourweeks,theteamfoundtherewasa27percentincreaseinbonetissueintheratswiththebacteria-coveredimplantscomparedwitha16percentincreaseinratswithregularimplants.Anincreaseinbonetissueisasignthatthefractureishealing.Onepotentialriskofimplantsisinfectionatthesitewheretheimplantmeetsthebone.SotheteamalsotestediftheirL.casei-treatedimplantwasmoreresistanttoinfectionbycoatingitinmulti-drugresistantbacteria,whichcancauseinfections.After12hours,theresearchersfoundthat99.9percentofthesebacteriaweredead.“Bacteriaplayanimportantroleinthedigestivesystemandthereisincreasingevidencetosuggestthattheirbenefitscanbeappliedoutsidethere,”saysMatthewWookChangattheNationalUniversityofSingapore.28.WhydidLeiTanandhisteamconducttheexperiment?A.Tocureratswithbrokenbones. B.Toidentifybeneficialbacteria.C.Tounderstandinfectioncauses. D.Totestbacteria-coatedimplants.29.Howarebacteria-coatedimplantssuperiortoregularimplants?A.Theyreleaseantibacterialsubstances.B.Theygetridoftheriskofgettinginfected.C.Theyspeeduptherecoveringprocessgreatly.D.Theycutthecostsoftakinganimplantsurgery.30.WhatcanbeimpliedfromMatthewWookChang’swords?A.Manyinfectionsarecloselyrelatedtobacteria.B.Bacteriacanhaveawiderangeofapplications.C.Bacteriahaveanegativeeffectonhumanhealth.D.Thedigestivesystemcanfunctionbetterwithoutbacteria.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Healingwithbacteria B.BonesurgerybreakthroughC.TheroleofLactobacilluscasei D.Thefutureofimplanttechnology【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了中國湖北大學(xué)的LeiTan及其團隊進行的一項實驗，該實驗測試了涂有干酪乳桿菌（L.casei）的植入物在骨折手術(shù)中的應(yīng)用效果，發(fā)現(xiàn)這種植入物能顯著加速骨折愈合并具有抗菌作用?！?8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“LeiTanatHubeiUniversityinWuhan,China,andhisteamtestedwhethercoatinganimplantinthebacterium,Lactobacilluscasei(L.casei),whichisfoundinyogurt,couldimproverecovery.(中國湖北大學(xué)的LeiTan和他的團隊測試了涂有酸奶中發(fā)現(xiàn)的干酪乳桿菌（L.casei）的植入物是否能改善恢復(fù)情況。)”可知，LeiTan和他的團隊進行實驗是為了測試涂有細菌的植入物是否能改善恢復(fù)情況。故選D項?！?9題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Afterfourweeks,theteamfoundtherewasa27percentincreaseinbonetissueintheratswiththebacteria-coveredimplantscomparedwitha16percentincreaseinratswithregularimplants.Anincreaseinbonetissueisasignthatthefractureishealing.(四周后，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，與使用普通植入物的老鼠相比，使用細菌覆蓋植入物的老鼠的骨組織增加了27%。骨組織的增加是骨折愈合的跡象。)”可知，涂有細菌的植入物比普通植入物能顯著加速恢復(fù)過程。故選C項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Bacteriaplayanimportantroleinthedigestivesystemandthereisincreasingevidencetosuggestthattheirbenefitscanbeappliedoutsidethere,”saysMatthewWookChangattheNationalUniversityofSingapore.(新加坡國立大學(xué)的MatthewWookChang說：“細菌在消化系統(tǒng)中扮演著重要角色，越來越多的證據(jù)表明，它們的好處可以應(yīng)用到消化系統(tǒng)之外?！?”可知，MatthewWookChang的話暗示了細菌具有廣泛的應(yīng)用范圍。故選B項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Implantscoatedinbacteriacouldbeusedduringbonefracture(骨折)surgerytohelpspeedrecoveryandpreventpost-operativeinfections.(涂有細菌的植入物可在骨折手術(shù)期間使用，以幫助加速恢復(fù)并防止術(shù)后感染。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了涂有細菌的植入物在骨折手術(shù)中的應(yīng)用及其效果，因此“Healingwithbacteria(用細菌治療)”作為標題最合適。故選A項。DForcustomerswhodon’thavethefreedomtochoosewheretheyshop,technologicaladvancementsaremakingpricediscrimination(歧視)increasinglylikely.Flexibility-basedpricediscriminationallowscompaniestochargedifferentpeopledifferentpricesforthesameproductorservice,basedonhoweasilytheycanwalkaway.Whenconsumerscaneasilyfindbetterdealselsewhere,theyholdthepower.However,AItoolsareallowingsellerstobecomeincreasinglyexpertatuncoveringhowmuchflexibilitytheirconsumershave,whichraisesseriousconcerns.Inarecentstudy,weexaminedhowflexibility-basedpricediscriminationaffectsaseller’sprofitabilityinacompetitivemarket,andstudiedhowconsumerwelfareisaffected.Thefindingsdemonstratedthatcompaniesthatutilizeconsumerinflexibilityarelikelytoboom,oftenattheexpenseofthosewiththeleastpowertochoose.Theydon’tjustraisepriceswhencustomersaren’tabletoeasilyswitchtoacompetitor,forlow-incomeconsumerstheyreduceproductqualityaswell.Thisdoubleblowhitslow-incomeconsumershard.Dollarstores,forexample,oftenservelow-incomecommunitiesinsmallermarkets.Whentheseretailersrealizetheircustomershavelimitedalternatives,theyarelesslikelytokeeppriceslow.Moreover,testsrevealedthepresenceofpoisonouscomponentsincolorfullylabeledchildren’sproductsatAmericanandCanadiandollarstores.Butthisisonlypartofthestory.Whenthesesametechniquesareusedtotargetwealthierconsumers,itcanresultinpositivesocialoutcomesforthem.Incontrast,high-incomeconsumersmayseetheirproductqualityimprove.Thisisbecausehigh-incomeconsumersarewillingandabletopayfortheimprovedqualityandtechnology-enabledpricediscriminationcanenablethesellertosatisfytheirneedsbetter.Thesamethinghappenswithtradebarriersandtariffs(關(guān)稅).Productquality,priceandincomeareknowntobeinterconnected,withlower-incomeinflexibleconsumerssufferingmorethanhigh-incomeconsumersinthesamesituation.Anybarriersthatreduceconsumerflexibilitydisproportionatelyharmlow-incomeconsumers,whoaremorelikelytofacelower-qualityproductsasaresult.Ourstudyprovidesvaluableinsightsforbothlawmakersandpolicymakers.Itshowsthatnewpoliciesarenecessarytoprotectvulnerableconsumerswithlimitedflexibilityfrompricediscrimination.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“utilize”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Referto. B.Dependon. C.Takeadvantageof. D.Getridof.33.Whatdocompaniestendtodowhenconsumerslackpurchasechoices?A.Expandproductvarieties. B.Lowerpricestoattractmorecustomers.C.Reduceproductqualityforlow-incomegroups. D.Prioritizetheneedsofhigh-incomeconsumers.34.Whydoestheauthormentiondollarstores?A.Toshowhowcompaniesdrawonconsumerinflexibility.B.Tohighlighthealthrisksforchildreninlow-incomeareas.C.Tocriticizetheiradditionofharmfulchemicalsinproducts.D.Tocompareproductqualitybetweendifferentincomegroups.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardpricediscrimination?A.Favourable. B.Skeptical. C.Objective. D.Disapproving.【答案】32.C33.C34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹基于消費者選擇靈活性的價格歧視現(xiàn)象及其對不同收入群體的影響?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thefindingsdemonstratedthatcompaniesthatutilizeconsumerinflexibilityarelikelytoboom,oftenattheexpenseofthosewiththeleastpowertochoose.(研究結(jié)果表明，utilize消費者缺乏靈活性的公司可能會蓬勃發(fā)展，這往往以犧牲那些選擇能力最弱的公司為代價)”可知，與選擇能力最弱的公司相對比，那些可能會繁榮的公司應(yīng)該是利用消費者的不靈活性的公司，所以“utilize”的意思與“利用”意義相近。故選C項?！?3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theydon’tjustraisepriceswhencustomersaren’tabletoeasilyswitchtoacompetitor,forlow-incomeconsumerstheyreduceproductqualityaswell.(當顧客不能輕易轉(zhuǎn)向競爭對手時，他們不僅會提高價格，對低收入消費者，他們還會降低產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。)”可知，當消費者缺乏購買選擇時，公司傾向于為低收入群體降低產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。故選C項?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Dollarstores,forexample,oftenservelow-incomecommunitiesinsmallermarkets.Whentheseretailersrealizetheircustomershavelimitedalternatives,theyarelesslikelytokeeppriceslow.Moreover,testsrevealedthepresenceofpoisonouscomponentsincolorfullylabeledchildren’sproductsatAmericanandCanadiandollarstores.(例如，一元店通常為較小市場的低收入社區(qū)服務(wù)。當這些零售商意識到他們的客戶沒有太多選擇時，他們就不太可能保持低價。此外，測試顯示，在美國和加拿大的一元店，彩色標簽的兒童產(chǎn)品中含有有毒成分。)”可知，作者提到一元店是為了展示公司如何利用消費者的不靈活性。故選A項。【35題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Itshowsthatnewpoliciesarenecessarytoprotectvulnerableconsumerswithlimitedflexibilityfrompricediscrimination.(它表明，有必要制定新政策，以保護靈活性有限的弱勢消費者免受價格歧視。)”可知，作者對價格歧視持不贊成的態(tài)度。故選D項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Asenvironmentalconcernsgrow,havinganenvironmentallyfriendlyhomeisbecomingincreasinglyimportanttomanypeople.___36___?Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantake.ReplaceoldequipmentOlderequipmenttendstoconsumemoreenergythannewermodels.Anyequipmentwillgetolder.___37___.High-efficiencyequipmentcansignificantlyimpactenergyusageand,duringaremodel,mayprovideextraspacesincetheirsizesaregettingsmallerandsmaller.Fixenergy-efficientwindows___38___.However,ifyouhavesingle-pane(單層玻璃)windowsoriftherearenoticeablesignsofdamage,fixingenergy-efficientwindowscansaveyoumoneyinthelongrun.Themostenergy-efficientwindowsfeaturedoubleormorepanesofglasswithinert(惰性的)gasbetweenthepanes.___39___Abouthalfofahome’stotalenergyusagegoestowardheatingandcooling.Fixingasmartthermostatcanhelpyouadjustthetimesyouhaveyourheatingorcoolingrunningaccordingtoapre-setschedule,whichcanhelpyoucutenergybills.Accordingtoastudy,asmartthermostatcanreduceyourheatingandcoolingbillsbyupto8%.SwitchtosolarenergySolartechnologygenerateselectricityfromsunlightwithoutproducingpollutionorgreenhousegases,helpinghomeownerssaveonthecostsofwaterandelectricity.Youcanfixsolarpanelsonyourroof.Onebenefityoucangetistomakethesolarpanelsperfectlyintegratewithyourhome.___40___.Thisisagreatwaytobenefitbothyourselfandtheenvironment.A.ConsidersmarthomeclimatecontrolB.ReducehouseholdenergyconsumptionC.ReplacingwindowscanbequiteexpensiveD.ThebestwayistoreplacethembeforetheyfailE.AndtheotheristoreduceyourdailyenergyusageF.Doyouwanttomakeyourownhomemoreeco-friendlyG.Haveyoucreatedaneco-friendlyhometomakeyousuitable【答案】36.F37.D38.C39.A40.E【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了讓家居更環(huán)保的一些實用步驟?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空后“Herearesomepracticalstepsyoucantake.(這里有一些你可以采取的實際步驟)”以及空后的標點符號為問號可知，此空應(yīng)是引出如何讓家居更環(huán)保的問題。F選項“Doyouwanttomakeyourownhomemoreeco-friendly(你想讓自己的家更環(huán)保嗎)”以疑問句形式引出下文的環(huán)保步驟，符合語境。故選F項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Olderequipmenttendstoconsumemoreenergythannewermodels.Anyequipmentwillgetolder.(舊設(shè)備往往比新型號消耗更多能源。任何設(shè)備都會老化)”及空后“High-efficiencyequipmentcansignificantlyimpactenergyusageand,duringaremodel,mayprovideextraspacesincetheirsizesaregettingsmallerandsmaller.(高效設(shè)備可顯著影響能源使用，并且在翻新過程中可能提供額外空間，因為其尺寸正變得越來越小)”可知，此處講述的是舊設(shè)備的缺點以及高效設(shè)備的優(yōu)點，由此可推斷，此空應(yīng)講述更換舊設(shè)備的內(nèi)容。D選項“Thebestwayistoreplacethembeforetheyfail(最好的方法是在它們損壞之前更換它們)”中的replacethem與上下文的設(shè)備更換話題一致，符合語境。故選D項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)空后“However,ifyouhavesingle-panewindowsoriftherearenoticeablesignsofdamage,fixingenergy-efficientwindowscansaveyoumoneyinthelongrun.(然而，如果你有單層玻璃窗或有明顯的損壞跡象，從長遠來看，安裝節(jié)能窗戶可以為你省錢)”中的However可知，此空應(yīng)與安裝節(jié)能窗戶的缺點相關(guān)。C選項“Replacingwindowscanbequiteexpensive(更換窗戶可能相當昂貴)”講述更換窗戶的費用問題，與空后形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選C項?！?9題詳析】此處應(yīng)為本段的小標題，與其他段落相同，應(yīng)為祈使句。根據(jù)空后“Fixingasmartthermostatcanhelpyouadjustthetimesyouhaveyourheatingorcoolingrunningaccordingtoapre-setschedule,whichcanhelpyoucutenergybills.(修理智能恒溫器可幫助你根據(jù)預(yù)設(shè)時間表調(diào)整供暖或制冷的運行時間，這能幫你降低能源費用。)”可知，本段講述的內(nèi)容與智能家居氣候控制相關(guān)。A選項“Considersmarthomeclimatecontrol(考慮智能家居氣候控制)”為祈使句，且能概括本段主題，適合作本段小標題。故選A項?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)空前“Onebenefityoucangetistomakethesolarpanelsperfectlyintegratewithyourhome.(你能得到的一個好處是讓太陽能電池板與你的家完美融合)”中的Onebenefit可知，此空應(yīng)講述另一個好處。E選項“Andtheotheristoreduceyourdailyenergyusage(另一個是減少你的日常能源使用)”中的theother與空前的One形成呼應(yīng)，講述使用太陽能的另一個好處，符合語境。故選E項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Lastsummer,Iparticipatedinacommunityserviceprogramthatcompletelychangedmyworldview.Ourteamoftwentystudentsweredividedintothreegroupsto___41___differentsocialissues.Theenvironmentalteam___42___rehabilitatingthelocalriverecosystem.Armedwithspecializedtools,we___43___53kgofnon-biodegradablewaste,fromplasticbottlesto__