高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省南陽市六校2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末考試考前模擬英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ABestCityWalkTrailsintheUnitedStatesSevenBridgesWalkEnjoythis5.5-milelooptrailnearSanDiego,California.Generallyconsideredaneasyroute,ittakesanaverageof1h58mintocomplete.Thisisaverypopularareaforroadbiking,running,andwalking.ThisfunurbanwalkisagreatwaytoexploreseveralneighborhoodssurroundingBalboaParkinSanDiego.SanFranciscoCrosstownTrailGenerallyconsideredachallengingroute,this17-milepoint-to-pointtrailnearSanFrancisco,Californiatakesanaverageof6h54mintocomplete.ForthoselookingtocheckoutSanFrancisco,thistrailisrightforyou.Hikerswillbeabletowalkpastdifferentgardens,coffeeshops,bookstoresandmore!AnnandRoyButlerHie-and-BikeTrailThis10-milelooptrailnearAustin,Texas,takesanaverageof3h4mintocomplete.Giventhatthisisaverypopularareaforroadbiking,running,andwalking,you’relikelytoencounterotherpeoplewhileexploring.TheAnnandRoyButlerHike-and-BikeTrail,namedforaformerAustinmayorandhisspouse(配偶),isafavoriteamonglocalsandvisitorsalike.TheFreedomTrailIttakesanaverageof52mintocompletethis2.5-milepoint-to-pointtrailnearBoston,Massachusetts.VisitorscandiscovertherootsoftherevolutionandBoston’srichhistoryonthispopularwalk.TheFreedomTrailfollowsacrimson(深紅色的)pathonsidewalks,honoringfamousfigureslikePaulRevere,JohnHancock,andBenFranklin.1.Whichtrailtakesthelongesttimetocomplete?A.SevenBridgesWalk.B.TheFreedomTrail.C.SanFranciscoCrosstownTrail.D.AnnandRoyButlerHike-and-BikeTrail.2.WhatisspecialaboutAnnandRoyButlerHike-and-BikeTrail?A.It’satrailwithcoffeeshops.B.It’satrailfullofleisurefacilities.C.It’salooptrailwithahistoricalatmosphere.D.Itsnameisrelatedtoagovernmentofficialandhiswife.3.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanthistextbefound?A.Travel. B.History. C.Fashion. D.Hobby.【答案】1.C2.D3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了美國四條最佳城市徒步路線。【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SevenBridgesWalk部分中的“ittakesanaverageof1h58mintocomplete.(平均需要1小時(shí)58分鐘完成。)”、SanFranciscoCrosstownTrail部分中的“this17-milepoint-to-pointtrailnearSanFrancisco,Californiatakesanaverageof6h54mintocomplete.(這條位于加利福尼亞州舊金山附近的17英里點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)步道平均需要6小時(shí)54分鐘才能完成。)”、AnnandRoyButlerHie-and-BikeTrail部分中的“This10-milelooptrailnearAustin,Texas,takesanaverageof3h4mintocomplete.(這條位于德克薩斯州奧斯汀附近的10英里環(huán)路平均需要3小時(shí)4分鐘才能完成。)”和TheFreedomTrail部分中的“Ittakesanaverageof52mintocompletethis2.5-milepoint-to-pointtrailnearBoston,Massachusetts.。(完成這條位于馬薩諸塞州波士頓附近的2.5英里點(diǎn)對點(diǎn)步道平均需要52分鐘。)”可知，SanFranciscoCrosstownTrail需要的時(shí)間最長。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AnnandRoyButlerHie-and-BikeTrail部分中的“TheAnnandRoyButlerHike-and-BikeTrail,namedforaformerAustinmayorandhisspouse(配偶),isafavoriteamonglocalsandvisitorsalike.(AnnandRoyButler徒步和自行車道以奧斯汀市前市長和他的配偶的名字命名，深受當(dāng)?shù)厝撕陀慰偷南矏邸?”可知，AnnandRoyButlerHike-and-BikeTrail的特別之處在于它的名字與一位政府官員和他的妻子有關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是標(biāo)題“BestCityWalkTrailsintheUnitedStates(美國最佳城市徒步路線)”可知，文章主要介紹了美國四條最佳城市徒步路線，由此可推知，本文可能來自報(bào)紙的旅游版塊。故選A項(xiàng)。BToday,Iwitnessedsomethingquietlypowerful—amovingexampleofcourageandinnerstrength.Itwasnotloudordramatic,butitleftadeepimpressiononme.Inaworldwherepeopleoftenfeelhelplesswhenfacingdifficulties,thiswomanshowedmethatstrengthdoesn’talwaysappearinbigways.Sometimes,it’sfoundinsimpleactionsanddailychoices.Shelivesinaremotevillage,farfromthenoiseofthecity.Lifehasnotbeeneasyforher.Yearsago,shelostheronlyson—alossthatleftadeeppaininherheart.Notlongafter,herhusbandpassedawaytoo,leavinghertofacetheworldonherown.Tomakethingsharder,shedoesn’thaveadriver’slicenseandlivesfarfromtheneareststore,morethantwentykilometersaway.Withnopublictransportandnoonetodriveher,dailylifebecamefullofsmallbutrealchallenges.Shedidn’tgivein,though.Insteadofwaitingforhelp,shefoundherownsolution.Sheboughtasimplescooter(小型摩托車)—onethatdoesn’trequirealicense—andlearnedtorideitherself.Now,wheneversheneedstogointotown,shesetsoutalone,ridingthroughfieldsandhills.Forothers,itmightseemlikeanordinarytrip,butforher,itisasignofherwillandindependence.Everytimeshearrivesatthestore,it’smorethanjustasuccess—it’sproofthatshestillhascontroloverherlife.Knowingherexperiencemademethinkdeeply.Hercouragedoesn’tcomefrombigwords,butfromthewayshefaceseachday.Indifficulttimes,shechoosestomoveforwardratherthangiveup.Herstoryremindsusthattruestrengthoftenshowsinquietways-andthateveninthehardestmoments,wearestrongerthanwethink.4.Whatchallengedidthewomanfaceindailylife?A.Lackingevenbasiclivingskills. B.Havingnoaccesstodailynecessities.C.Havingdifficultywithtransport. D.Beingunabletogetadriver’slicense.5.Howdidthewomansolveherproblem?A.Byridingascooter. B.Bygettingaspecialpermit.C.Bytakingpublictransportation. D.Bymovingclosertotown.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthewoman’saction?A.Itisordinary. B.Itisdemanding.C.Itistemporary. D.Itisinspiring.7.Whatdoesthewoman’sstorymainlyteachus?A.Ruralliferequiresmoreflexibility. B.Smallactionscanshowgreatstrength.C.Socialsupportisvitalforsurvival. D.Technologysimplifiesdailychallenges.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了一位生活在偏遠(yuǎn)村莊、歷經(jīng)喪子喪夫之痛且交通不便的女性，通過自學(xué)騎小型摩托車解決出行問題，展現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)大的勇氣和內(nèi)在力量。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Tomakethingsharder,shedoesn’thaveadriver’slicenseandlivesfarfromtheneareststore,morethantwentykilometersaway.Withnopublictransportandnoonetodriveher,dailylifebecamefullofsmallbutrealchallenges.(更糟糕的是，她沒有駕照，而且住的地方離最近的商店有二十多公里遠(yuǎn)。沒有公共交通工具，也沒有人開車送她，日常生活充滿了雖小但切實(shí)存在的挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，這位女性在日常生活中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是交通困難。故選C項(xiàng)。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sheboughtasimplescooter(小型摩托車)—onethatdoesn’trequirealicense—andlearnedtorideitherself.Now,wheneversheneedstogointotown,shesetsoutalone,ridingthroughfieldsandhills.(她買了一輛簡單的小型摩托車——一輛不需要駕照的摩托車——并自己學(xué)會了騎它?，F(xiàn)在，每當(dāng)她需要進(jìn)城時(shí)，她就獨(dú)自出發(fā)，騎車穿過田野和山丘。)”可知，這位女性通過騎小型摩托車解決了自己的問題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Today,Iwitnessedsomethingquietlypowerfulamovingexampleofcourageandinnerstrength.(今日，我目睹了一種靜默卻震撼人心的力量——那是一個(gè)關(guān)于勇氣與內(nèi)在堅(jiān)韌的動人典范。)”以及最后一段“Herstoryremindsusthattruestrengthoftenshowsinquietwaysandthateveninthehardestmoments,wearestrongerthanwethink.(她的故事提醒我們，真正的力量往往靜默無聲——即便在最艱難的時(shí)刻，我們也比自己想象的更加堅(jiān)韌。)”可推斷，作者認(rèn)為這位女性的行為震撼人心，是勇氣與內(nèi)在堅(jiān)韌的動人典范，所以她的行為是鼓舞人心的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Sometimes,it’sfoundinsimpleactionsanddailychoices.(有時(shí)候，它存在于簡單的行動和日常的選擇中。)”以及最后一段“Herstoryremindsusthattruestrengthoftenshowsinquietwaysandthateveninthehardestmoments,wearestrongerthanwethink.(她的故事提醒我們，真正的力量往往靜默無聲——即便在最艱難的時(shí)刻，我們也比自己想象的更加堅(jiān)韌。)”可知，這位女性的故事主要告訴我們簡單的行動和日常的選擇，這類小行動也可以展現(xiàn)出巨大的力量。故選B項(xiàng)。CIndailylife,peopleoftenfeelunexpectedlyclosetoothersafterlaughingatthesamejokeorreactingthesamewaytoabeautifulview.Thiscommonyetpowerfulpsychologicalexperienceisknownas?“I-sharing”.Introducedbyresearchersin2006,I-sharingreferstothebeliefthatoneissharingtheexactsamesubjectiveexperiencewithanotherpersonatthesametime.Simplyput,I-sharingoccurswhentwoindividualsrespondtothesameeventwithduplicateinnerreactions.Forexample,twofriendssighinadmirationatasunsetatthesametime.Acouplesmilesinsatisfactionastheytakethefirstbiteofdessert.EvenstrangersmayexperienceI-sharing-suchastwopassengersonaplanewhoscreamatthesamemomentduringturbulence(湍流)andthenlaughtogetherafterward.Thesemomentsofsharedemotionalreactioncanquicklybreakbarriersandbuildunexpectedbonds.ResearchhasshownthatI-sharingenhancesinterpersonallikingandconnection.Oneexplanationisthathumansoftenfeelpsychologicallyisolated,unsurewhetherotherstrulyunderstandtheirinternalexperiences.I-sharingoffersabriefbutmeaningfulsensethatsomeoneelsedoesunderstand-creatingafeelingofemotionalclosenessandmutualunderstanding.Beyondpersonalrelationships,I-sharingmayalsopromotebetterattitudestowardpeoplefromdifferentsocialbackgrounds.StudieshavefoundthatI-sharingcanincreasepositivefeelingstowardindividualsofdifferentsocialgroups.OneexperimentrevealedthatcouplesweremoresuccessfulinnegotiatinghouseholdresponsibilitiesafterI-sharingwithaperson(evenasimulatedone)inanotherroom.Inromanticrelationships,themorepeoplebelievetheysharewiththeirpartner,themoreunderstoodandsatisfiedtheytendtofeel.HowcanI-sharingbeencouragedineverydaylife?Itmaybeginwithsmallactions-watchingafilmwithafriendanddiscussingyourreactions,tastingfoodtogetheranddescribingyourimpressions,orviewingartsidebysideandsharingyourthoughts.Thesesharedemotionalmomentscanleadtodeeperhumanconnection.8.WhichsituationbestillustratesI-sharingaccordingtothetext?A.Colleaguesbuyingthesamebrandofclothes.B.Neighborsorderingthesamesetoffurniture.C.Studentsmemorizingthesamehistoricalfactsforanexam.D.Strangersstaringwithadmirationatthesamebreathtakingsunset.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“duplicate”inparagraph2mean?A.Identical. B.Familiar. C.Harmonious. D.Potential.10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutI-sharing’seffect?A.Itchangespeople’sculturalbeliefs. B.Itstrengthensemotionalbonds.C.Itimprovesacademicperformance. D.Itneedsprofessionalguidance.11.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheProcessofI-Sharing. B.WhyLaughterImprovesMoods.C.TheBeautyBehindI-Sharing. D.WhyStrongRelationshipsMatter.【答案】8.D9.A10.B11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了“I-sharing”這一心理現(xiàn)象?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Simplyput,I-sharingoccurswhentwoindividualsrespondtothesameeventwithduplicateinnerreactions.Forexample,twofriendssighinadmirationatasunsetatthesametime.Acouplesmilesinsatisfactionastheytakethefirstbiteofdessert.EvenstrangersmayexperienceI-sharing-suchastwopassengersonaplanewhoscreamatthesamemomentduringturbulence(湍流)andthenlaughtogetherafterward.(簡單地說，當(dāng)兩個(gè)人對同一事件做出相同的內(nèi)心反應(yīng)時(shí)，就會發(fā)生I-sharing。例如，兩個(gè)朋友同時(shí)對日落發(fā)出贊嘆的嘆息。一對夫婦在吃第一口甜點(diǎn)時(shí)滿意地笑了。即使是陌生人也可能經(jīng)歷I-sharing，比如飛機(jī)上的兩個(gè)乘客在顛簸時(shí)同時(shí)尖叫，然后一起笑)”可知，I-sharing指的是兩個(gè)人對同一事件有相同的內(nèi)心反應(yīng)，D選項(xiàng)“Strangersstaringwithadmirationatthesamebreathtakingsunset.(陌生人驚嘆地凝視著同一場壯麗的日落)”中不同的人驚嘆于同一場壯麗的日落，符合I-sharing的定義。故選D項(xiàng)。【9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Forexample,twofriendssighinadmirationatasunsetatthesametime.Acouplesmilesinsatisfactionastheytakethefirstbiteofdessert.(例如，兩個(gè)朋友同時(shí)對日落發(fā)出贊嘆的嘆息。一對夫婦在吃第一口甜點(diǎn)時(shí)滿意地笑了)”和“Thesemomentsofsharedemotionalreactioncanquicklybreakbarriersandbuildunexpectedbonds.(這些共同的情感反應(yīng)時(shí)刻可以迅速打破障礙，建立意想不到的聯(lián)系)”可知，I-sharing指的是兩個(gè)人對同一事件有相同的內(nèi)心反應(yīng)。由此可推知，“Simplyput,I-sharingoccurswhentwoindividualsrespondtothesameeventwithduplicate

innerreactions.(簡單地說，當(dāng)兩個(gè)人對同一事件做出……內(nèi)部反應(yīng)時(shí)，就會發(fā)生I-sharing)”中劃線詞duplicate的意思是“相同的”，與A選項(xiàng)“Identical”意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“ResearchhasshownthatI-sharingenhancesinterpersonallikingandconnection.(研究表明，I-sharing能增強(qiáng)人際間的喜歡和聯(lián)系)”和第四段中“Inromanticrelationships,themorepeoplebelievetheysharewiththeirpartner,themoreunderstoodandsatisfiedtheytendtofeel.(在浪漫關(guān)系中，人們越相信他們與伴侶有共同之處，他們就越感到被理解和滿足)”可推知，I-sharing能增強(qiáng)情感紐帶。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Thiscommonyetpowerfulpsychologicalexperienceisknownas?“I-sharing”.Introducedbyresearchersin2006,I-sharingreferstothebeliefthatoneissharingtheexactsamesubjectiveexperiencewithanotherpersonatthesametime.(這種常見而強(qiáng)大的心理體驗(yàn)被稱為“I-sharing”。I-sharing由研究人員于2006年提出，指的是一個(gè)人相信自己在同一時(shí)間與另一個(gè)人分享完全相同的主觀體驗(yàn))”可知，文章主要介紹了“I-sharing”這一心理現(xiàn)象，闡述了其定義、發(fā)生情境、對人際關(guān)系的影響，C選項(xiàng)“TheBeautyBehindI-Sharing(I-sharing背后的美)”適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DWhenBarryLibertandJonSpectorsetouttowriteabouthowsocialnetworkingmighthelpbusinesses,theyallowedjustaboutanyonewithanideatohelpwritethebook.ThousandsofpeoplecontributedtoWeAreSmarterThanMe,whichisaboutthewisdomofthecrowd.Spectorsaysthebookwasinitiallymodeledafterapopularonlineencyclopedia(百科全書)writtenandeditedbyInternetusers.“We’veactuallystruggledthroughouttheprocessonthedifferencesbetweentheonlineencyclopediaandwritingabook:Howdoyoucombinetheideas,andhowdoyougetasinglecommonvoiceacross?”Spectorsays.SpectorandLiberttriedtosetguidelinesforhowpeopleshouldwrite,butthatprovedtoorestrictive.“Finallywesaid...youhavetohavenoguidelines,“Spectorsays.“Andwetalkedtoourselvesaboutgivingupcontrol.Werewereadytodoit?Andeventuallywesaidtoourselves,‘Look,ifwebelieveinthisconcept,wehavetocarryitout.’Andwedid.Andthat’sreallywhenthecontributionsfromthecommunitybegantopickup.”Theauthorsfeltthatsocialnetworkingwasn’tjustaboutthefamoussocialmediaplatform.“Itwasreallyabouthowbusinessesmightthinkaboutcrowds,”Libertsays.“Notjusttheiremployeesascrowds,butalsocustomers,partners,distributors,andinvestorsascrowds-andtousethosecrowdsasawaytoimprovewhateveractivitythey’reworkingon...”Inonesuccessstorythatprovedthepowerofthecrowd,agoldminingcompanyhadessentiallyrunoutofplacestolookforgold.ItdecidedtopublishitsgeologicaldataontheWebandallowedoutsiderstocontributesuggestionsfornewlocationstomine.“Theyfound$3billionofnewgoldoutthere,”Spectorsays.“There’sjustthatknowledgeoutthereandthat’stheessentialpremise(前提)ofthebook:We,someofwhomareunknown,aresmarterthanasmallgroupofexpertsinsideacompany.”12.WhatmadethewritingofWeAreSmarterThanMeunique?A.Itcopiedtheencyclopedia’seditingrules. B.Itcollectedideasfromthepublic.C.Itfollowedstrictwritingguidelines. D.Itfocusedonsocialmediaimpact.13.Whydidtheauthorsfinallyremovewritingguidelines?A.Toappealtomoreprofessionalwriters. B.Tomakethebookmoreinteresting.C.Totrulypracticetheirbeliefinthepublic. D.Toprotectemployees’enthusiasm.14.Whatdoesthegoldminingcompany’sexampleprove?A.Crowdscanoutperformexperts. B.Onlinedatamayriskbusinesssecurity.C.Businessshouldinvolveoutsiders. D.Geologicaldataisvitalforgoldmining.15.Whatdoesthetextintendtodo?A.Shareawritingskill. B.Highlightatrend.C.Recommendaworkingprocedure. D.Clarifyaconcept.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。BarryLibert和JonSpector創(chuàng)作《WeAreSmarterThanMe》時(shí)集眾人之智，以礦業(yè)公司案例證明群體智慧勝過專家?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenBarryLibertandJonSpectorsetouttowriteabouthowsocialnetworkingmighthelpbusinesses,theyallowedjustaboutanyonewithanideatohelpwritethebook.(當(dāng)巴里·利伯特和喬恩·斯佩克特著手撰寫有關(guān)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)如何能助力企業(yè)的相關(guān)書籍時(shí)，他們允許任何有想法的人都參與進(jìn)來，共同完成這本書的編寫工作)”可知，收集了公眾的意見讓《我們比自己想象的更聰明》這本書獨(dú)具特色。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Look,ifwebelieveinthisconcept,wehavetocarryitout.(看，如果我們相信這個(gè)理念，就必須將其付諸實(shí)踐)”可知，作者們最終取消了寫作指南是為了以實(shí)際行動來踐行他們對公眾的承諾。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Theyfound$3billionofnewgoldoutthere,”Spectorsays.“There’sjustthatknowledgeoutthereandthat’stheessentialpremise(前提)ofthebook:We,someofwhomareunknown,aresmarterthanasmallgroupofexpertsinsideacompany.”(“他們在那里發(fā)現(xiàn)了價(jià)值30億美元的新黃金資源，”斯佩克特說道?！澳抢锎嬖谥@種知識，這也是這本書的核心前提：我們，其中一些人并不知名，但卻比公司內(nèi)部的一小群專家更聰明?！?”可知，這家金礦公司的例子證明了眾人能夠勝過專家。故選A。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenBarryLibertandJonSpectorsetouttowriteabouthowsocialnetworkingmighthelpbusinesses,theyallowedjustaboutanyonewithanideatohelpwritethebook.ThousandsofpeoplecontributedtoWeAreSmarterThanMe,whichisaboutthewisdomofthecrowd.(巴里·利伯特和喬恩·斯佩克特在著手撰寫有關(guān)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)如何助力企業(yè)的相關(guān)書籍時(shí)，他們允許任何有想法的人都參與編寫。成千上萬的人為《我們比自己更聰明》一書貢獻(xiàn)了自己的觀點(diǎn)，該書探討的是群體智慧的問題)”以及文章BarryLibert和JonSpector創(chuàng)作《WeAreSmarterThanMe》時(shí)集眾人之智，以礦業(yè)公司案例證明群體智慧勝過專家?？芍?，文章的目的是解釋“群體智慧”這個(gè)概念。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EasywaystosleepbetterSomanyofusarestrugglingtosleep.Almost40percentofpeoplesurveyedin13countrieshadsleepissuesoverthepasttwoyears,accordingtoJournalofClinicalSleepMedicine.It’snormaltowakeupatnight,especiallyasyouage,butnegativenewscanactivateyourmindandmakeithardtofallbackasleep.___16___.___17___Ifyouboughtyourpillowin2020,it’salreadyold.TheNationalSleepFoundationrecommendsreplacingiteveryonetotwoyears.Apillowpastitsprime(盛年)cancauseneckpainandrestlesssleep.“Whenyourbrainissendingpainsignals,itcan’talsosendsleepsignals,”saysDrMichaelBreus,aclinicalpsychologistandsleepspecialist.Getanhourofsunlighteachday___18___.“Itstopstheproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)inyourbrain,whichhelpsrelievethegroggy(昏昏沉沉的)morningfeeling,”Breussays.Italsosetsamentaltimertoproducemelatonin,theso-calledsleephormone,intheevening.Aimfor15to30minutesofdirectlightfirstthingandtwo15-minuteoutdoorbreaksduringtheday.Thelightcuesyourbrainthatit’stimetobeawake.SkipsaltysnacksbeforebedInaJapanesestudy,researchersfollowed321patientswithhigh-saltdietsandsleepissuesfor12weeks.Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt,theiraveragetoilettripsdecreasedfromtwiceanighttoonce.___19___.TackleyourtroublesbeforedinnerIfyouhaveissuestodiscusswithyourspouse,it’sbettertotalkaboutthemearlierintheday.Thisway,theconversationwon’tdisturbyoursleepatnight.___20___.Someresearchevensuggeststhatgoingtobedangrymaymakeyousurlythenextmorning.A.TestyourpillowB.AvoidcaffeineintheeveningC.KeepyourbedroomquietanddarkD.MorningsunlightisimportantforgoodsleepE.TrythefollowingwaystohelpyougetagoodsleepF.AndthosewhoconsumedmoresaltwokeupmoreoftentogotothebathroomG.Argumentscanmakeyoubeinastateofnervousdisorder,whichdisturbssleep【答案】16.E17.A18.D19.F20.G【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹改善睡眠的簡單方法：測試枕頭（每1-2年更換）、每天曬1小時(shí)陽光、睡前不吃咸零食、晚餐前解決煩惱，助人們提升睡眠質(zhì)量。【16題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Somanyofusarestrugglingtosleep.Almost40percentofpeoplesurveyedin13countrieshadsleepissuesoverthepasttwoyears,accordingtoJournalofClinicalSleepMedicine.It’snormaltowakeupatnight,especiallyasyouage,butnegativenewscanactivateyourmindandmakeithardtofallbackasleep.(我們當(dāng)中有很多人正飽受失眠之苦。據(jù)《臨床睡眠醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》報(bào)道，在13個(gè)國家接受調(diào)查的人群中，近40%的人在過去兩年里存在睡眠問題。夜間醒來是正常的，尤其是在年齡增長的過程中，但負(fù)面消息會激活大腦，使人難以再次入睡)”可知，前文提及睡眠問題，空格后開始分點(diǎn)介紹方法，E選項(xiàng)作為過渡句，引出下文建議，符合邏輯。故E選項(xiàng)“嘗試以下方法來幫助你獲得良好的睡眠”符合語境，故選E。【17題詳析】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Ifyouboughtyourpillowin2020,it’salreadyold.TheNationalSleepFoundationrecommendsreplacingiteveryonetotwoyears.Apillowpastitsprime(盛年)cancauseneckpainandrestlesssleep.“Whenyourbrainissendingpainsignals,itcan’talsosendsleepsignals,”saysDrMichaelBreus,aclinicalpsychologistandsleepspecialist.(如果你在2020年購買了枕頭，那它已經(jīng)很舊了。美國國家睡眠基金會建議每一年到兩年更換一次枕頭。過了最佳使用期的枕頭可能會導(dǎo)致頸部疼痛和睡眠不安。臨床心理學(xué)家兼睡眠專家邁克爾·布雷斯博士表示：“當(dāng)你的大腦在發(fā)送疼痛信號時(shí)，它無法同時(shí)發(fā)送睡眠信號。”)”可知，該段圍繞枕頭使用年限和更換建議展開，故A選項(xiàng)“測試一下你的枕頭”符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)后文““Itstopstheproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)inyourbrain,whichhelpsrelievethegroggy(昏昏沉沉的)morningfeeling,”Breussays.Italsosetsamentaltimertoproducemelatonin,theso-calledsleephormone,intheevening.Aimfor15to30minutesofdirectlightfirstthingandtwo15-minuteoutdoorbreaksduringtheday.Thelightcuesyourbrainthatit’stimetobeawake.(布雷烏斯說：“它會阻止大腦中褪黑素的分泌，而褪黑素有助于緩解早晨的昏昏沉沉之感?！贝送猓€會設(shè)定一個(gè)心理定時(shí)器，在晚上促使大腦分泌所謂的“睡眠激素”——褪黑素。早上要先讓大腦接觸15到30分鐘的直射光線，并在白天安排兩次各15分鐘的戶外活動。光線會向大腦發(fā)出信號，表明是時(shí)候清醒了)”可知，段落強(qiáng)調(diào)陽光對睡眠的作用，D選項(xiàng)“早晨陽光對睡眠重要”契合主題，且與后文“stopsmelatoninproduction”和“l(fā)ightcues”形成因果關(guān)系。故D選項(xiàng)“早晨的陽光對良好的睡眠很重要”符合語境，故選D。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“InaJapanesestudy,researchersfollowed321patientswithhigh-saltdietsandsleepissuesfor12weeks.Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt,theiraveragetoilettripsdecreasedfromtwiceanighttoonce.(在一項(xiàng)日本的研究中，研究人員對321名飲食中鹽分含量高且存在睡眠問題的患者進(jìn)行了為期12周的跟蹤觀察。當(dāng)這些人減少鹽的攝入量后，他們夜間上廁所的平均次數(shù)從兩次減少到了一次)”可知，前文提到高鹽飲食與夜尿次數(shù)的研究，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)補(bǔ)充“攝入更多鹽的人起夜更頻繁”，與“cutdownonsalt...toilettripsdecreased”形成對比，完整呈現(xiàn)研究結(jié)果。故F選項(xiàng)“而那些攝入更多鹽分的人會更頻繁地醒來去廁所”符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Ifyouhaveissuestodiscusswithyourspouse,it’sbettertotalkaboutthemearlierintheday.Thisway,theconversationwon’tdisturbyoursleepatnight.(如果你與配偶之間有需要交流的問題，最好在當(dāng)天早些時(shí)候進(jìn)行溝通。這樣，交流內(nèi)容就不會在夜間打擾到你的睡眠)”可知，段落建議睡前避免矛盾，G選項(xiàng)解釋“爭吵導(dǎo)致神經(jīng)紊亂、干擾睡眠”，與后文“goingtobedangrymaymakeyousurly”形成遞進(jìn)，說明情緒對睡眠的影響。故G選項(xiàng)“爭吵會使你處于神經(jīng)紊亂的狀態(tài)，從而干擾睡眠”符合語境，故選G。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TerryFoxwasbornonJuly28,1958.Asateenager,Terry’shardworkandpassionfor___21___wereclear.Hewasanenthusiastandactiveparticipantinmarathonrunning.InMarch1977,18-year-oldTerrywasdiagnosedwithararebonecancer.Thedoctors___22___thatamputation(截肢)ofhisrightlegwas___23___.Theysaidthiswastostopthecancerfrom___24___.Duringhistreatment,Terrysawthe___25___ofothercancerpatients.Thisexperiencesparkedapowerful___26___withinhim.Hebegantotrain___27___,despitethepainandchallengeshefaced.Everystepwasabattle,buthe___28___togiveup.In1980,Terryembarkedonwhathecalledthe“MarathonofHope”.Hisgoalwasto___29___acrossCanada,fromNewfoundlandtoBritishColumbia,toraiseawarenessand____30____forcancerresearch.Hewantedtoget$1fromeveryCanadian,turninghispersonal____31____intoanationalmovement.Everyday,Foxranlongdistances,___32___hisprostheticleg(假肢).Hecovered26milesdaily,whichwasa(n)___33___accomplishmentforanyathlete.Hisjourney___34___theheartsofCanadianseverywhere.Beforehehadtostop,Foxhadrun3,339milesthroughsixprovinces.Heraisedover$24million.Itshowedthatoneperson’sbraverycan___35___thewholenationtofightcancer.21.A.athletics B.study C.art D.entertainment22.A.suspected B.warned C.announced D.admitted23.A.complex B.necessary C.understandable D.abnormal24.A.fading B.improving C.appearing D.spreading25.A.emotion B.suffering C.reaction D.strength26.A.determination B.confusion C.imagination D.curiosity27.A.casually B.secretly C.temporarily D.intensely28.A.refused B.hesitated C.failed D.regretted29.A.fly B.run C.travel D.move30.A.interest B.questions C.funds D.empathy31.A.struggle B.fame C.achievement D.profit32.A.hating B.repairing C.adaptingto D.showingoff33.A.ordinary B.minor C.insignificant D.incredible34.A.opened B.touched C.crossed D.broke35.A.control B.force C.order D.inspire【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.A27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.C33.D34.B35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述TerryFox在截肢后發(fā)起“希望馬拉松”，通過跑步為癌癥研究籌款，以個(gè)人勇氣激勵(lì)全國對抗癌癥的故事，體現(xiàn)了堅(jiān)韌不拔的意志和對社會的貢獻(xiàn)?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在青少年時(shí)期，特里對體育運(yùn)動的執(zhí)著努力和熱愛就已顯而易見。A.athletics體育運(yùn)動；B.study學(xué)習(xí)；C.art藝術(shù)；D.entertainment娛樂。根據(jù)后文“Hewasanenthusiastandactiveparticipantinmarathonrunning.(他是一位馬拉松運(yùn)動的狂熱愛好者，并且經(jīng)常積極參與這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動)”可知，他喜愛體育運(yùn)動。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生們宣布，必須截掉他右腿。A.suspected懷疑；B.warned警告；C.announced宣布；D.admitted承認(rèn)。根據(jù)后文“thatamputationofhisrightlegwas”指醫(yī)生宣布需要截肢，announced表示“正式宣告”，符合醫(yī)療場景的嚴(yán)肅性。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生們宣布，必須截掉他右腿。A.complex復(fù)雜的；B.necessary必要的；C.understandable可以理解的；D.abnormal反常的。根據(jù)上文“18-year-oldTerrywasdiagnosedwithararebonecancer.(18歲的特里被診斷出患有罕見的骨癌)”可知，截肢是“必要的”，以阻止癌癥擴(kuò)散。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他們表示這樣做是為了阻止癌癥擴(kuò)散。A.fading褪色；B.improving改善；C.appearing出現(xiàn)；D.spreading傳播，擴(kuò)散。根據(jù)上文“Theysaidthiswastostopthecancerfrom”可知，截肢是為了阻止癌癥擴(kuò)散。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接受治療期間，特里目睹了其他癌癥患者所遭受的痛苦。A.emotion情緒；B.suffering痛苦；C.reaction反應(yīng)；D.strength力量。根據(jù)后文“ofothercancerpatients”可知，治療期間，Terry看到其他癌癥患者的“痛苦”。故選B。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷在他心中激起了強(qiáng)烈的決心。A.determination決心；B.confusion困惑；C.imagination想象力；D.curiosity好奇心。根據(jù)后文“Hebegantotrain”以及發(fā)起馬拉松體現(xiàn)了“determination（決心）”，故選A。【27題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管面臨著疼痛和重重困難，他還是開始專注訓(xùn)練。A.casually隨意地；B.secretly秘密地；C.temporarily暫時(shí)地；D.intensely專注地。根據(jù)后文“despitethepainandchallengeshefaced”指盡管面臨著疼痛和重重困難，他還是開始專注訓(xùn)練。故選D。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每一步都是一場戰(zhàn)斗，但他堅(jiān)決不肯放棄。A.refused拒絕；B.hesitated猶豫；C.failed失??；D.regretted后悔。根據(jù)上文“Everystepwasabattle”以及but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明每一步都是一場戰(zhàn)斗，但他堅(jiān)決不肯放棄。故選A。【29題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的目標(biāo)是穿越加拿大，從紐芬蘭一直走到不列顛哥倫比亞省，以此來提高公眾對癌癥研究的關(guān)注度并籌集資金。A.fly飛；B.run奔跑；C.travel旅行；D.move移動。根據(jù)“marathon”和“ranlongdistances”可知，run為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的目標(biāo)是穿越加拿大，從紐芬蘭一直走到不列顛哥倫比亞省，以此來提高公眾對癌癥研究的關(guān)注度并籌集資金。A.interest興趣；B.questions問題；C.funds資金；D.empathy同情。與后文“get$1fromeveryCanadian”呼應(yīng)，指籌集資金，故選C?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他想從每個(gè)加拿大人那里收取1美元，將他個(gè)人的艱難處境發(fā)展成了一個(gè)全國性的運(yùn)動。A.struggle努力；B.fame名譽(yù)；C.achievement成就；D.profit利潤。根據(jù)后文“intoanationalmovement.”可知，他將他個(gè)人的艱難處境發(fā)展成了一個(gè)全國性的運(yùn)動。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語與詞義辨析。句意：每天，?？怂苟紩M(jìn)行長距離的跑步訓(xùn)練，以適應(yīng)他的假肢。A.hating討厭；B.repairing修理；C.adaptingto適應(yīng)；D.showingoff炫耀。根據(jù)后文“hisprostheticleg”可知，長距離訓(xùn)練是為了適應(yīng)假肢。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天能跑26英里，這對于任何運(yùn)動員來說都是一項(xiàng)極其了不起的成就。A.ordinary普通的；B.minor較小的；C.insignificant不重要的；D.incredible了不起的，難以置信的。根據(jù)上文“Hecovered26milesdaily”可知，每天能跑26英里，這對于任何運(yùn)動員來說都是一項(xiàng)極其了不起的成就。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他的這段經(jīng)歷深深觸動了加拿大各地民眾的心靈。A.opened打開；B.touched觸碰；C.crossed穿過；D.broke打破。根據(jù)后文“theheartsofCanadianseverywhere”指他的經(jīng)歷深深觸動了加拿大各地民眾的心靈。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這表明，一個(gè)人的英勇行為能夠激勵(lì)整個(gè)國家共同對抗癌癥。A.control控制；B.force迫使；C.order命令；D.inspire激勵(lì)，鼓舞。根據(jù)后文“thewholenationtofightcancer”可知，一個(gè)人的勇氣可以“激勵(lì)”全國對抗癌癥?！癷nspire”（激勵(lì)）符合“個(gè)人行為帶動社會”的主旨，故選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Sciencefiction,oftenshortenedtosci-fi,is____36____typeoffictionthatexploresimaginaryfuturesshapedbyscientific____37____(discovery)ortechnologicaladvances.Whilesomestoriespresentcompletelynewworlds,theothersdescribeversionsofourownworldchangedbyinnovationsthatseemonly____38____(slight)superiortothosewehavenow.Whatmakessci-fidifferentfromfantasyisthatitsstories,thoughfictional,usuallyfollowscientificprinciples.Insteadofrelyingonmagic,sciencefictioncreates____39____(believe)technologiesbasedonactualorpossiblescience.Forexample,astorymightdescribeafutureworld____40____robotscantakeoverhumanjobs,raisingquestionsabouttheroleofhumansinanautomatedsociety.Writersofsci-fioftenhaveanurge____41___