高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省安鶴新聯(lián)盟2024-2025學年高二下學期5月聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AThankstomanyproductionsonhistory,nature,andtechnology,wecanwatchdocumentarieswherewecanmasterdifferentsubjects.WecanlistbyIMDbscoresforthebestBBCdocumentarieswithfeaturesthatcanfulfillourdesiretoreachthemostinterestinginformation.Herearethemost-watchedandhighlyratedBBCdocumentaries:●PlanetEarthPlanetEarth,oneofthemost-watcheddocumentaries,travelsallovertheworldfromthepolestothemountains,fromthedesertstothecaves.Thisdocumentary,consideredoneofthebestoftheBBCforalmost20years,givesusthebasicinformationtoreallyexploretheearth!●TheAscentofManMadein1973,TheAscentofMan,whichisstillwatchedwithadmirationevenaftermanyyears,consistsof13episodesintotal.WrittenandpresentedbyJacobBronowski,thedocumentarytakesyouonauniquejourneyinhumanhistory.●FrozenPlanetFrozenPlanetisanamazingBBCdocumentaryseriesexploringEarth’sPolarRegions.Itshowcasestheincrediblewildlife,icylandscapes,andharshclimatesoftheArcticandAntarctica.Withbreathtakingfootage,itrevealshowanimalslikepolarbearsandpenguinssurviveinextremeconditions.Thisdocumentaryisoneofthefirstresourcestobeconsultedtolearnaboutthepolarsevenafteryears.●EcoSeasonConsistingof4documentariesintotal,EcoSeasonisoneofthenewestdocumentariesoftheBBC.Thedocumentary,whichstartedtobebroadcastasofMarch2,dealswithallprocessesthataffectnature,fromrapidlyincreasingpopulationgrowthtoenvironmentalpollutionandclimatecrisis.Italsorevealsallthedestructionanddamagewehavecausedinthemodernworld.1.Whatcanpeopledobywatchingthesedocumentaries?①accessinformation②masterdifferentsubjects③satisfyone’sdesire④satisfyone’scuriosityA.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④2.Whichisthelatestdocumentary?A.PlanetEarth. B.TheAscentofMan. C.FrozenPlanet. D.EcoSeason.3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.PlanetEarthexplorersnearlymostmysteriousplacesonearth.B.TheAscentofManoffersaudienceinformationabouthumanhistory.C.FrozenPlanetonlygivesaudienceapictureoftheNorthPole.D.Allofthefourdocumentariesareallaboutnatureandenvironment.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，英國廣播公司（BBC）推出的幾部最受歡迎且評分極高的紀錄片?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第一段“Thankstomanyproductionsonhistory,nature,andtechnology,wecanwatchdocumentarieswherewecanmasterdifferentsubjects.WecanlistbyIMDbscoresforthebestBBCdocumentarieswithfeaturesthatcanfulfillourdesiretoreachthemostinterestinginformation.(得益于眾多關(guān)于歷史、自然和科技題材的紀錄片制作，我們得以通過觀看這些紀錄片來掌握不同領(lǐng)域的知識。我們可以根據(jù)IMDb（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)電影資料庫）的評分，列出那些能滿足我們獲取最有趣信息需求的最佳BBC紀錄片)”可知，人們可以通過觀看這些紀錄片獲取信息，掌握不同的學科，滿足一個人的愿望，故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)●EcoSeason部分“Consistingof4documentariesintotal,EcoSeasonisoneofthenewestdocumentariesoftheBBC.(EcoSeason是英國廣播公司最新推出的紀錄片系列之一，該系列總共包含4部紀錄片)”可知，最新的紀錄片是EcoSeason。故選D。【3題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)●TheAscentofMan部分“WrittenandpresentedbyJacobBronowski,thedocumentarytakesyouonauniquejourneyinhumanhistory.(這部由JacobBronowski撰寫并擔任解說的紀錄片，將帶領(lǐng)你踏上一段獨特的人類歷史之旅)”可知，TheAscentofMan為觀眾提供了有關(guān)人類歷史的信息。故選B。BOnmyfifteenthbirthday,Ihadsomegoodluckwhiledigginginourwildbackyard.Myshovel(鐵鍬)hitarustyboxburiedunderdeadroses.Iforceditopen.Insidelayanoldfilmcamera,itsleathercasecrackedwithage,andafadedphotoofashininggarden,signed“Fiona,Age16.”Thatnight,underthedimkitchenlight,mymother’svoicetrembled:“Ioncedreamedofbeingaphotographer.”Herwordslitafireinmyheart.Startingfromscratch,Isavedeverypenny—evenskippedpizzadaysatschool—tobuyfilm.Allmyfirstphotoswerefailures—asquirrelturnedintoagrayunclearshape;sunsetcloudsmeltedintowhitesoup.Dadshookhishead:“Don’tbeatadeadhorse.”Butonerainyafternoon,Mumtiptoedintomyroomandleftheroldphotographybookonmybed.Hernotejumpedoutfromayellowpage:“Beautyhidesinbrokenplaces.”ItwasexactlytheinspirationIneeded.Takingherwordsintoheart,Iwanderedaroundourtownlikeadetective,capturingforgottenspots:purpleflowershuggingabrokenwaterpipe,spiderwebsshiningonajunkedbicycle.Whenthe“HiddenBeauty”conteststarted,Ispenthourskneelinginthebackyard.Myjeansgotdirtywithmud,butIkeptwaitinguntilsunset,aspecialtimewhenthelightturnedalonelyroseamongthorns(荊棘)intogold.Whenthenewspaperpublishedmystorywiththeheadline“TeenFindsMagicinRuins”,itwasfinallymymomenttosucceed.Attheawardceremony,Mumheldherwornhandkerchief,tearswellingup.“You’vemadeitshine,”shewhispered.Now,myexhibit“BrokenbutBright”tourscities.Ateachopening,mother’sphotogreetsvisitorsbesidehercamera.WhenaskedwhyIfocusondamagedplaces,Isay:“Truepassionisn’taboutbeingperfect.It’saboutnoticingsmallbeautifulthingsinmessyplaces,discoveringhopewhereothersseenothing,andmakingforgottendreamscomealive.”4.Whatmotivatedtheboy’sfinancialdiscipline?A.Cameraupgrade. B.Filmpurchase. C.Schoolactivities. D.Boxrestoration.5.Whatbestdescribesthemaincharacter’spersonality?A.Actonsuddenideas. B.Relyonothers’help.C.Keeptryingdespitefailures. D.Preferperfectsubjects.6.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythetext?A.Thefirstphotoswonalocalcontest.B.Mumsecretlyprovidedhelpfulresources.C.Thecamerawasfoundinabrand-newbox.D.Dadfullysupportedhisphotographydream.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Dangersofexploringruins. B.Familyconflictsoverdreams.C.Hopeexistsinforgottenplaces. D.Thevalueofexpensivecameras.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者通過堅持和靈感實現(xiàn)攝影夢想的故事。【4題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Startingfromscratch,Isavedeverypenny—evenskippedpizzadaysatschool—tobuyfilm.(從零開始，我把每一分錢都省下來買膠卷——甚至連在學校吃披薩的日子都省下來了)”可知，男孩省錢的直接動機是購買膠卷（film）。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Allmyfirstphotoswerefailures—asquirrelturnedintoagrayunclearshape;sunsetcloudsmeltedintowhitesoup.Dadshookhishead:“Don’tbeatadeadhorse.”Butonerainyafternoon,Mumtiptoedintomyroomandleftheroldphotographybookonmybed.Hernotejumpedoutfromayellowpage:“Beautyhidesinbrokenplaces.”ItwasexactlytheinspirationIneeded.(我最初拍攝的所有照片都是失敗的——一只松鼠變成了一個灰色模糊的形狀；日落云融化成白色的湯。爸爸搖搖頭：“別白費功夫了。”但在一個下雨的下午，媽媽躡手躡腳地走進我的房間，把她的舊攝影書放在我的床上。她的便條從一張黃頁上跳出來：“美麗隱藏在破碎的地方。”這正是我需要的靈感)”以及第三段中“Takingherwordsintoheart,Iwanderedaroundourtownlikeadetective,capturingforgottenspots:purpleflowershuggingabrokenwaterpipe,spiderwebsshiningonajunkedbicycle.(把她的話記在心里，我像個偵探一樣在鎮(zhèn)上四處游蕩，捕捉被遺忘的地方：紫色的花朵環(huán)繞著破碎的水管，蜘蛛網(wǎng)在一輛廢棄的自行車上閃閃發(fā)光)”可知，文中男孩的第一次攝影嘗試均失?。ㄋ墒笈哪：?、日落云成白團），但他并未放棄，而是繼續(xù)探索并最終成功。這體現(xiàn)了“屢敗屢試”的性格。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段提到“Butonerainyafternoon,Mumtiptoedintomyroomandleftheroldphotographybookonmybed.Hernotejumpedoutfromayellowpage:“Beautyhidesinbrokenplaces.”ItwasexactlytheinspirationIneeded.(但在一個下雨的下午，媽媽躡手躡腳地走進我的房間，把她的舊攝影書放在我的床上。她的便條從一張黃頁上跳出來：“美麗隱藏在破碎的地方。”這正是我需要的靈感)”可知，母親悄悄留下攝影書和筆記，屬于“秘密提供幫助”。故選B項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段中“Ateachopening,mother’sphotogreetsvisitorsbesidehercamera.WhenaskedwhyIfocusondamagedplaces,Isay:“Truepassionisn’taboutbeingperfect.It’saboutnoticingsmallbeautifulthingsinmessyplaces,discoveringhopewhereothersseenothing,andmakingforgottendreamscomealive.”(每次開幕式，母親的照片都會在她的相機旁迎接參觀者。當被問及為什么我會關(guān)注受損的地方時，我說：“真正的激情不是追求完美。它是關(guān)于在混亂的地方發(fā)現(xiàn)美麗的小事物，在別人看不到的地方發(fā)現(xiàn)希望，讓被遺忘的夢想復(fù)活?！?”可知，全文圍繞“在破損處發(fā)現(xiàn)美麗與希望”展開——男孩拍攝廢棄場景獲獎，母親的夢想通過舊相機重燃，主題句“discoveringhopewhereothersseenothing”直接點題，故文章最好的標題是“希望存在于被遺忘的地方”。故選C項。CDidyoumakeanydecisionsthisNewYear?Ifyoudid,areyoukeepingtothem?Welldoneifyouare.AsurveysuggestsalmosthalfgivesupbytheendofMarch.Moreauthoritativescientificstudiesconfirm,regardlessofwhenyoustart,thatittakesmonthsforanewbehaviourtostick.Habitualbehaviouremergesinresponsetodopamine(多巴胺),achemicalassociatedwithofferingpleasure,producedasaconsequenceofacertainaction.Twobrainsystemsarerelevant.One,inthebasalganglia(asetofstructuresdeepinthebrain),respondsautomaticallyandpredictablytocertainstimuli(刺激物).Forexample,yourmorningalarmisastimulusthatactivatesyour“gettingup”habit.Thiswillincludesub-habitssuchas“shower”,“makecoffee”,“getdressed”,and“drivetooffice”andsoon,eachwiththeirowncausingfactorsanddopaminereward.Theotherbrainsystem,whichisgoal-directed,islocatedinthecortex,thatorgan’souterlayer.Itsdopaminerewardcomesfromanintentionalactionbeingsuccessfullyperformed.Thisgoal-directedsystemcan,ifneedsbe,overridethestimulus-responseone.Forexample,iftheradiotellsyouofatrafficproblem,the“drivetooffice”subroutinewillneedsomechange.Forone-offchangesofhabits,thisarrangementofroutineandoverrideworkswell.Butpermanentchanges,suchaseitherbreakinganoldhabitormakinganewone,require,respectively,weakeningthestimulus-drivensystemtoreducetherelativityofoldstimuliandstrengtheningthegoal-directedonetoincreasethatofnewones.Whypeoplelearnbadhabitsinthefirstplaceremainsmysterious.Mosthabitsformpreciselybecausetheyarehelpful.Automaticbehaviors,likethoseinvolvedinamorningroutine,lightenthementalworkloadandmakemorebrainpoweravailableforothertasks.However,theseprocessescanbesubverted.Intheend,forminggoodhabitsandbreakingbadonesoftencomesdowntowillpower.Astheoldjokehasit:“Howmanypsychoanalystsdoesittaketochangealightbulb?Onlyone,butthelightbulbhastoreallywanttochange.”8.Whatisthemainroleofdopamineinhabitformation?A.Ithelpsdrivemotivation.B.Itresultsinacertaintaskreaction.C.Itproducechemicalstopreventtheaddiction.D.Itprovidesenjoymenttostrengthenbehaviors.9.Whymightsomeonefinditdifficulttobreakabadhabitaccordingtothepassage?A.Becausethebadhabitisreallyhelpful.B.Becauseitsformationremainsmysterious.C.Becausethegoal-directedactionsarenotruling.D.Becausethebasalgangliaresponseistoodeep-rooted.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subverted”inparagraph5mean?A.Destroyed. B.Supported. C.Maintained. D.Enhanced.11.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassage?A.Theimpactofhabitsonmentalhealth.B.Thesignificanceofdopamineinhabitformation.C.Theprocessofhabitsformationandtheroleofwillpower.D.Anoverviewofbrainsystemsinvolvedinhabitdevelopment.【答案】8.D9.D10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要從神經(jīng)科學角度解釋習慣的形成機制，以及意志力在改變習慣中的關(guān)鍵作用?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Habitualbehaviouremergesinresponsetodopamine(多巴胺),achemicalassociatedwithofferingpleasure,producedasaconsequenceofacertainaction.(習慣性行為是對多巴胺的反應(yīng)，多巴胺是一種與提供快樂相關(guān)的化學物質(zhì)，是某種行為的結(jié)果)”可知，多巴胺在習慣形成中的主要作用是提供快樂以加強行為。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Butpermanentchanges,suchaseitherbreakinganoldhabitormakinganewone,require,respectively,weakeningthestimulus-drivensystemtoreducetherelativityofoldstimuliandstrengtheningthegoal-directedonetoincreasethatofnewones.(但永久性的改變，比如打破舊習慣或養(yǎng)成新習慣，分別需要削弱刺激驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)以減少舊刺激的相對性，并加強目標導(dǎo)向系統(tǒng)以增加新刺激的相對性)”以及第二段中“One,inthebasalganglia(asetofstructuresdeepinthebrain),respondsautomaticallyandpredictablytocertainstimuli(刺激物).(其中一個位于基底神經(jīng)節(jié)（大腦深處的一組結(jié)構(gòu)），對某些刺激做出自動且可預(yù)測的反應(yīng))”可知，打破舊習慣需要削弱刺激驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)（基底神經(jīng)節(jié)控制的自動反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)），其位置深層且對刺激的反應(yīng)具有自動化的特點，由此推斷，有人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難改掉壞習慣是因為基底神經(jīng)節(jié)的反應(yīng)根深蒂固。故選D?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Mosthabitsformpreciselybecausetheyarehelpful.Automaticbehaviors,likethoseinvolvedinamorningroutine,lightenthementalworkloadandmakemorebrainpoweravailableforothertasks.However,theseprocessescanbesubverted.(大多數(shù)習慣的形成恰恰是因為它們是有用的。像晨間日常這樣的自動行為，能夠減輕精神負擔，讓更多腦力可用于其他任務(wù)。然而，這些過程可能會被subverted)”可知，習慣本因有益而形成，但“However”表轉(zhuǎn)折，暗示這些過程可能被“破壞”。故畫線詞意思是“破壞”，與“Destroyed”語義相符。A.Destroyed.破壞；B.Supported.支持；C.Maintained.維護；D.Enhanced.增強。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。全文前四段分析習慣形成的過程（多巴胺作用、基底神經(jīng)節(jié)與皮層的雙重腦系統(tǒng)），最后一段強調(diào)意志力在養(yǎng)成好習慣和打破壞習慣中的關(guān)鍵作用。文章的中心主題是習慣形成的過程和意志力的作用。故選C。DFordecades,peoplehavearguedwhetherwoodorplasticcuttingboardsaresafer.Thisdebateinvolvesbothmaterialpropertiesandhowthesesurfacesinteractwithinvisiblethreatslikebacteriaandmicroplastics.Inthe1990s,foodsafetyresearcherDeanCliverconductedexperimentsthatoverturnedcommonassumptions,demonstratinghowwood’snaturalarchitecturegivesitanunexpectededge.WhenheaddedbothmaterialswithharmfulbacterialikeSalmonella,plasticboardskeptgermswithinknifescratches(劃痕)evenaftercarefulwashing,whereaswoodenboardsexhibitedaremarkableself-cleaningmechanism.Whenbacteriawereplacedonwoodsurfaces,theydisappearedwithinhours.Thishappensbecausewood’ssmallspacesnaturallyabsorbthebacteria,trappinganddryingthemthroughcapillaryaction(毛細作用).Plasticboards,thoughpraisedfortheiraffordabilityandeaseofcleaning,presenttwoproblems.Whiletheirsmoothsurfaceresistsinitialpollution,repeatedknifeusecreatestinygrooves(凹槽)wherebacteriaboomandastudyfoundthatscratchedplasticboardsharboreighttimesmorebacteriathannewones.Furthermore,plasticboardsreleasemicroplastics,tinyplasticparticlesthatgraduallybuildupintheenvironment.Researcherscalculatethattheamountreleasedbyoneboardeachyearcanreachtheweightofastandardcreditcard.Thepathtosafetyliesnotinchoosinga“perfect”materialbutinunderstandinghowtomaximizeeachboard’sstrengthsthroughpropercare.Plasticboardsareidealforrawmeatsprovidedthey’rereplacedeverysixtotwelvemonthsbeforedeepscratchesform.Wooddemandsmoreattentivecare:itshouldbehandwashedimmediatelyafteruse,smootheditssurfaceregularly,andstoredupright.Bothtypesmustbecleanedthoroughlyaftereachuse,asevenvegetablescancarrybacteria.Ultimately,thesafestchoicedependslessonthematerialitselfthanontheuser’scommitment.Homecooksshouldtreatcuttingboardsasvitalkitchentoolsthatneedregularcare,includingthoroughcleaningwithprecisetechniques,weeklycleaningusingableach-watermixture,andtimelyreplacementwhenwearleadstopotentialdangers.Throughthesepractices,dailycookingactivitiesbecomeeffectivewaystoensurefoodsafetyandpreventhealthrisks.Afterall,thehumblestkitchentoolbecomesextraordinarywhenunderstoodthroughscience.12.WhatdidCliver’sexperimentsrevealaboutwood?A.Itresistsknifescratches. B.Itstopswaterabsorption.C.Itlastslongerthanplastic. D.Itnaturallypreventsbacteria.13.WhatisthemainfocusofParagraph3?A.Advantagesofplasticboards. B.Hiddenrisksofplasticboards.C.Pollutioncausedbymicroplastic. D.Comparisonbetweenwoodandplastic.14.Whyshouldplasticboardsbereplacedperiodically?A.Tomatchkitchenstyle. B.Topreventbacterialbuildup.C.Toenhancecuttingefficiency. D.Toreducecleaningfrequency.15.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutboardkeeping?A.Boardkeepingensuresfoodsafety.B.Boardkeepingisnecessaryandeffective.C.Boardkeepingisconvenientformostcooks.D.Traditionalboardcareisoutdatedwithnewtechnology.【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了木制和塑料砧板的安全性對比及砧板的正確使用和保養(yǎng)方法。【12題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whenbacteriawereplacedonwoodsurfaces,theydisappearedwithinhours.Thishappensbecausewood’ssmallspacesnaturallyabsorbthebacteria,trappinganddryingthemthroughcapillaryaction.(當細菌被放置在木材表面時，它們會在幾小時內(nèi)消失。這是因為木材的小空間會自然吸收細菌，通過毛細作用將其捕獲并干燥)”可知，Cliver的實驗揭示了木材自然防止細菌的特性。故選D?！?3題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段首句“Plasticboards,thoughpraisedfortheiraffordabilityandeaseofcleaning,presenttwoproblems.(塑料砧板雖然以價格實惠和易于清潔而受到稱贊，但也存在兩個問題)”以及下文“Whiletheirsmoothsurfaceresistsinitialpollution,repeatedknifeusecreatestinygrooves(凹槽)wherebacteriaboomandastudyfoundthatscratchedplasticboardsharboreighttimesmorebacteriathannewones.Furthermore,plasticboardsreleasemicroplastics,tinyplasticparticlesthatgraduallybuildupintheenvironment.(雖然它們的光滑表面能抵御初始污染，但反復(fù)使用刀具會產(chǎn)生微小的凹槽，這些凹槽會成為細菌大量繁殖的溫床。一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有劃痕的塑料砧板藏匿的細菌數(shù)量是新砧板的八倍。此外，塑料砧板會釋放微塑料——即逐漸在環(huán)境中積累的微小塑料顆粒。)”可知，第三段主要聚焦于塑料砧板的潛在風險：劃痕中的細菌滋生和微塑料的釋放。故選B?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Plasticboardsareidealforrawmeatsprovidedthey’rereplacedeverysixtotwelvemonthsbeforedeepscratchesform.(塑料砧板非常適合切生肉，但前提是每六到十二個月更換一次，以免出現(xiàn)深劃痕)”以及第三段中“astudyfoundthatscratchedplasticboardsharboreighttimesmorebacteriathannewones.(一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，有劃痕的塑料砧板上的細菌數(shù)量是新砧板的八倍)”可知，塑料砧板需要定期更換以防止細菌滋生。故選B?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Homecooksshouldtreatcuttingboardsasvitalkitchentoolsthatneedregularcare,includingthoroughcleaningwithprecisetechniques,weeklycleaningusingableach-watermixture,andtimelyreplacementwhenwearleadstopotentialdangers.Throughthesepractices,dailycookingactivitiesbecomeeffectivewaystoensurefoodsafetyandpreventhealthrisks.(家庭廚師應(yīng)該將砧板視為重要的廚房工具，需要定期保養(yǎng)，包括使用精確的技術(shù)進行徹底清潔，每周使用漂白水混合物進行清潔，以及在磨損導(dǎo)致潛在危險時及時更換。通過這些做法，日常烹飪活動成為確保食品安全和預(yù)防健康風險的有效方法)”可知，作者暗示砧板的保養(yǎng)是必要且有效的。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。StrategicWeekendLearningforSeniorHighStudentsWeekendspresentprimeopportunitiesforacademicenhancementwhenemployedthoughtfully.____16____Thisstrategicapproachallowsstudentstoaddresschallengingsubjectssystematicallywhilepreservingmentalclarity.Toachievethisbalance,considerimplementingtheseprovenstrategiesthattransformweekendsintoproductivelearningsessions.Thefirstpointinvolvesnotmaintainingweekdaystudyintensityduringweekends.____17____Scientificevidenceconfirmsthatifyoustudynonstopforover5hours,yourmemoryofwhatyoulearneddropsby40%.Tofightagainstthisdecline,expertsrecommendschedulingshortbreaks,duringwhichyoucandosomethingrelaxinglikeenjoyingamovieorlisteningtoyourfavoritesongs.____18____Insteadofsaying,“I’llpracticewriting,”createadetailedplanlike:“Writethree500-wordessaysthisSundaymorning,eachfocusingonusingatleastfivelinkingwordstoconnectparagraphs.”Theseconcretegoalsactlikeastudyroadmap—youknowexactlywhattodo,howtodoit,andhowtotracksuccess.Thisclarityturnsuncleareffortsintovisibleachievements.Whileacademiceffortremainsessential,physicalengagementisequallyvital.Thisbalancenotonlykeepsthebodyhealthybutalsofuelsthemind.____19____Activitieslikecyclingorswimmingbringtwomainbenefits:betterbloodflowtothebrainandmoreoxygenreachingbraincells.Consequently,studentswhoprioritizethesesessionsreport25%higherproblem-solvingaccuracy.Systematiceveningrevisionreinforcesknowledge.Concludeweekendswitha20-minuteSundayreflectionhabit:firstevaluateaccomplishments,thenanalyzepersistentdifficulties,finallyrefineupcomingweeklyplans.____20____Itensuressmoothintegrationbetweenindependentweekendlearningandclassroomrequirementsthroughcontinuousadjustment.A.Setclearandspecificlearninggoals.B.Completeassignmentsimmediatelyregardlessoftiredness.C.Designamindmap-basedstudyschedule.D.Continuousstudyingreducesacademicreturns.E.Peerdiscussionssimplifycomplexconcepts.F.Thishabitturnseffortsintoprogress.G.Regularexerciseimprovesbrainfunction.【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.G20.F【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了高中生如何通過戰(zhàn)略性的周末學習計劃，包括合理安排學習強度、設(shè)定明確目標、保持身體活動以及系統(tǒng)復(fù)習，來提升學習效率?！?6題詳析】上文“Weekendspresentprimeopportunitiesforacademicenhancementwhenemployedthoughtfully.(周末如果運用得當，是學業(yè)提升的黃金機會。)”說明周末合理利用對學習有幫助。空處和前文為順接關(guān)系，應(yīng)進一步說明如何利用周末時間，且引出下文提到的策略。所以C項“設(shè)計一個基于思維導(dǎo)圖的學習計劃?！狈险Z境，通過思維導(dǎo)圖制定計劃屬于具體的策略，與后文“strategicapproach”形成順接。故選C?！?7題詳析】上文“Thefirstpointinvolvesnotmaintainingweekdaystudyintensityduringweekends.(第一點是周末不要保持平日的學習強度。)”表明周末學習強度應(yīng)調(diào)整。下文“Scientificevidenceconfirmsthatifyoustudynonstopforover5hours,yourmemoryofwhatyoulearneddropsby40%.(科學證據(jù)證實，連續(xù)學習超過5小時，所學內(nèi)容的記憶會下降40%。)”解釋了原因?？仗幊薪由衔摹安灰３指邚姸取钡慕ㄗh，并引出后文對“持續(xù)學習弊端”的論證，邏輯上為因果關(guān)系。所以D項“持續(xù)學習會降低學習回報。”符合語境。故選D。【18題詳析】下文“Insteadofsaying,“I’llpracticewriting,”createadetailedplanlike:“Writethree500-wordessaysthisSundaymorning,eachfocusingonusingatleastfivelinkingwordstoconnectparagraphs.”Theseconcretegoalsactlikeastudyroadmap—youknowexactlywhattodo,howtodoit,andhowtotracksuccess.Thisclarityturnsuncleareffortsintovisibleachievements.(與其說“我要練習寫作”，不如制定一個詳細的計劃，比如：“這個周日上午寫三篇500字的短文，每篇都要著重使用至少五個連接詞來銜接段落?！边@些具體的目標就像是一張學習路線圖——你清楚地知道自己要做什么、怎么做以及如何衡量成功。這種明確性將模糊的努力轉(zhuǎn)化為可見的成就。)”本段將討論設(shè)定學習目標的重要性。空處作為段落開頭，應(yīng)引出本段的主題。所以A項“設(shè)定明確具體的學習目標?！狈险Z境，作為段落主題句，與后文“具體計劃”形成總分關(guān)系，下文中“concretegoals”與該項中“clearandspecific”直接呼應(yīng)。故選A?！?9題詳析】上文“Whileacademiceffortremainsessential,physicalengagementisequallyvital.Thisbalancenotonlykeepsthebodyhealthybutalsofuelsthemind.(雖然學術(shù)上的努力仍然至關(guān)重要，但身體鍛煉也同樣不可或缺。這種平衡不僅能保持身體健康，還能為大腦提供能量（或滋養(yǎng)思維）。)”強調(diào)身體活動的重要性。下文“Activitieslikecyclingorswimmingbringtwomainbenefits:betterbloodflowtothebrainandmoreoxygenreachingbraincells.(像騎自行車或游泳這樣的活動會帶來兩大主要益處：促進大腦的血液循環(huán)，以及讓更多氧氣輸送到腦細胞。)”舉例說明具體活動及其益處?？仗幊猩蠁⑾拢暯印吧眢w活動重要性”與“具體活動舉例”。所以G項“定期鍛煉能改善大腦功能?！狈险Z境。該項中的“Regularexercise”和上文中的“physicalengagement”相呼應(yīng)，而“improvesbrainfunction”和下文中的“betterbloodflowtothebrainandmoreoxygenreachingbraincells”相呼應(yīng)。故選G?！?0題詳析】上文“Concludeweekendswitha20-minuteSundayreflectionhabit:firstevaluateaccomplishments,thenanalyzepersistentdifficulties,finallyrefineupcomingweeklyplans.(周末結(jié)束時養(yǎng)成20分鐘的周日反思習慣：先評估成就，再分析持續(xù)存在的困難，最后完善即將到來的每周計劃。)”介紹了周日反思習慣的具體步驟?？仗幒颓拔臑轫樈雨P(guān)系，說明反思帶來的良好影響。所以F項“這個習慣能讓努力轉(zhuǎn)化為進步?！狈险Z境，而下文“Itensuressmoothintegrationbetweenindependentweekendlearningandclassroomrequirementsthroughcontinuousadjustment.(它通過持續(xù)調(diào)整確保周末自主學習與課堂要求順利銜接。)”中的“It”指代前文中的“Thishabit”。故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分15分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。InasmallcoastalvillagenamedSeaford,therelivedacourageousgirlnamedAmelia.Whileothersfocusedonfishing,sheusually____21____thenearbybeachesandwaters,rescuingstranded(擱淺的)starfishandrecordingseabirdmovements.Thevillagersoftensmiledatherpassion,thoughfewunderstoodherdeep____22____tothesea.Onesunnymorning,whilewalkingalongtheshore,shenoticeddisturbedseagulls____23____abovethewaves.Followingthem,shediscoveredayoungdolphin____24____onacliffedgeinathickfishingnet.Itstailflapped____25____,anditscriesforhelpechoedthroughtheair.Realizingthe____26____,Ameliaknewshehadtoactswiftly.Withouthesitation,sherushedbacktothevillage,gatheringthevillagersfora____27____mission.Theybroughtropes,nets,andaboat,andreturnedtothecliffside.Withdetermination,thevillagersmadeaplan.Amelialedtheway,carefully____28____alongthecliffedgeuntilshereachedthedolphin.Sheskillfully____29____itfromthenet,andthedolphin,sensingitsliberation,expressedits____30____throughjoyfulflipsandsplashes.Thevillagerscheered,____31____byitssurvival.Thentheyheldtheweakdolphintotheboat.However,Ameliaworried,“Willitsurvive?”Whenguidedtounadventurouswater,thedolphinpausedbeforedivingintothewaves____32____sayinggoodbye.Thecrowdstoodinsilence,theirheartswellingwith____33____,notjustforthelifesaved,butfortheirpowertochangeafate.Fromthatdayforward,Ameliabecameacelebrated____34____inSeafordandvillagersformedateamtoclearfishingnetfromthecoast.Theirdedicationtomarinelifecontinued,tirelessly____35____fortheocean’spreservation.21.A.relaxed B.played C.tripped D.explored22.A.connection B.commitment C.extension D.duty23.A.hunting B.singing C.circling D.training24.A.arrested B.saved C.freed D.trapped25.A.violently B.helplessly C.frequently D.calmly26.A.weakness B.injury C.urgency D.delay27.A.rescue B.research C.transport D.treatment28.A.observing B.inching C.sliding D.stopping29.A.found B.threw C.carried D.released30.A.regret B.mercy C.wellness D.gratitude31.A.confused B.convinced C.passed D.lifted32.A.evenif B.asif C.sothat D.incase33.A.relief B.curiosity C.fulfillment D.sorrow34.A.fighter B.figure C.leader D.voter35.A.advocating B.waiting C.substituting D.qualifying【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.B29.D30.D31.D32.B33.C34.B35.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了阿米莉亞在海邊救助被困海豚，并激發(fā)村民共同保護海洋生物的故事?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當別人專注于捕魚時，她通常會探索附近的海灘和水域，營救擱淺的海星并記錄海鳥的活動。A.relaxed放松；B.played玩耍；C.tripped絆倒；D.explored探索。根據(jù)下文“rescuingstranded(擱淺的)starfishandrecordingseabirdmovements”可知，她探索附近的海灘和水域。故選D。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：村民們常常對她的熱情報以微笑，但很少有人理解她與大海的深層聯(lián)系。A.connection聯(lián)系；B.commitment承諾；C.extension延伸；D.duty責任。根據(jù)上文“Whileothersfocusedonfishing,sheusually

thenearbybeachesandwaters,rescuingstranded(擱淺的)starfishandrecordingseabirdmovements.”可知，她營救海星、記錄海鳥活動，她與大海有深層聯(lián)系。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個陽光明媚的早晨，當她沿著海岸散步時，她注意到一群不安的海鷗在海浪上空盤旋。A.hunting捕獵；B.singing唱歌；C.circling盤旋；D.training訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)下文“Followingthem,shediscoveredayoungdolphin

onacliffedgeinathickfishingnet.”可知，她注意到一群海鷗在海浪上空盤旋，所以她跟著海鷗，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只海豚。故選C?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：跟著它們，她發(fā)現(xiàn)一只小海豚被困在懸崖邊的一張厚漁網(wǎng)里。A.arrested逮捕；B.saved拯救；C.freed釋放；D.trapped困住。根據(jù)下文“inathickfishingnet”可知，海豚被困在漁網(wǎng)里。故選D。【25題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：它的尾巴無助地拍打著，求救的叫聲在空中回蕩。A.violently猛烈地；B.helplessly無助地；C.frequently頻繁地；D.calmly冷靜地。根據(jù)下文“itscriesforhelpechoedthroughtheair”可知，海豚被困在漁網(wǎng)里，所以它的尾巴無助地拍打著。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：意識到情況的緊迫性，阿米莉亞知道她必須迅速行動。A.weakness弱點；B.injury傷害；C.urgency緊迫性；D.delay延遲。根據(jù)下文“Ameliaknewshehadtoactswiftly”可知，阿米莉亞意識到情況的緊迫性。故選C?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她毫不猶豫地跑回村子，召集村民進行救援任務(wù)。A.rescue救援；B.research研究；C.transport運輸；D.treatment治療。根據(jù)上文“Ameliaknewshehadtoactswiftly”可知，阿米莉亞知道她必須迅速行動，所以她召集村民進行救援任務(wù)。故選A。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：阿米莉亞走在前面，小心翼翼地沿著懸崖邊挪動，直到她到達海豚那里。A.observing觀察；B.inching緩慢移動；C.sliding滑動；D.stopping停止。根據(jù)上文“carefully”以及下文“alongthecliffedgeuntilshereachedthedolphin”可知，阿米莉亞小心翼翼地沿著懸崖邊緩慢移動。故選B?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她熟練地將它從網(wǎng)中釋放出來，海豚感覺到自己獲得了自由，通過歡快的翻轉(zhuǎn)和濺水來表達它的感激之情。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.threw扔；C.carried攜帶；D.released釋放。根據(jù)下文“sensingitsliberation”可知，阿米莉亞將海豚從網(wǎng)中釋放出來。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她熟練地將它從網(wǎng)中釋放出來，海豚感覺到自己獲得了自由，通過歡快的翻轉(zhuǎn)和濺水來表達它的感激之情。A.regret后悔；B.mercy憐憫；C.wellnes