高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省衡水市2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASeaTurtleProtectionProjectBecomeinvolvedineveryaspectofseaturtleconservationonthebeachesofCostaRica!Volunteersplayacrucialroleinthisgrassrootsproject,contributingtobothturtleconservationandcommunitydevelopment.ProjectIntroductionandRequirements?StarteverySaturdaythroughouttheyearapartfromMayandJune.?Freeaccommodationsandthreemealsadayareprovided.?Volunteersaged18andoverarewelcome.?Acommitmenttovolunteeringatleast10daysisrequired.?Noexperiencenecessary,justastrongwillingnesstodevoteyourselftowork.YourScheduleTimeEventsSaturday(ArrivalDay)ArriveinSanJoseforyourfirstnightSundayGotoPuertoJimenezwherevolunteersliveMondayReceivetraininginseaturtleconservationTuesdaytoSundayCarryoutyourvolunteerworkNote:Eachvolunteerwillgetatleastonefulldayoffperweek.VolunteerWorkThisprogramengagesvolunteersinmeaningfulactivitiestonotonlypromotepersonalandprofessionaldevelopmentbutalsocontributesubstantiallytoconservationobjectives.Volunteertasksmayinclude:?Goondailyturtlepatrols(巡邏)(morningandnight).?Protectnewnestsandrecorddataonnestingfemales.?Participateinbeachclean-upsandplasticclassification.?Assistineco-friendlygardensandothergreeninitiatives.?Assistincommunity-focusedactivitiestoimprovelocalfacilities.AbouttheLocationTheOsaPeninsulaisabeautifulandbiodiverseregionofCostaRica,hometo2.5%oftheworld’sbiodiversity.Itsremotenessaddstoitsuntouched,wildbeauty,makingitasignificantareaforconservationefforts.Theproject’snearnesstoCorcovadoNationalPark,recognizedasoneofthemostbiologicallyintenseplacesonEarth,stressestheimportanceofitsconservationmission.1.Whatisrequiredtoattendtheproject?A.Feesforbasictraining. B.Ahard-workingattitude.C.Amonth’stimeofservice. D.Richvolunteerexperience.2.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?A.Buildnestsforturtles. B.Doregularchecksonturtles.C.Holdcommunitycelebrations. D.Inspiremorevolunteeractions.3.WhatcanweknowabouttheOsaPeninsula?A.Itisunderseriousthreat. B.Itisawell-developedregion.C.Ithasgreatenvironmentalvalue. D.Itholdsobviousculturalattraction.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了哥斯達(dá)黎加海龜保護(hù)項(xiàng)目的要求、日程、工作內(nèi)容及項(xiàng)目所在地情況?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ProjectIntroductionandRequirements部分中“?Noexperiencenecessary,justastrongwillingnesstodevoteyourselftowork.(?不需要經(jīng)驗(yàn)，只需要有強(qiáng)烈的投入工作的意愿)”可知，參與該項(xiàng)目需要有努力工作的態(tài)度。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VolunteerWork部分中“?Goondailyturtlepatrols(morningandnight).(?每天(早晚)進(jìn)行海龜巡邏)”可知，志愿者需要定時(shí)巡邏，對(duì)海龜進(jìn)行檢查。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)AbouttheLocation部分中“TheOsaPeninsulaisabeautifulandbiodiverseregionofCostaRica,hometo2.5%oftheworld’sbiodiversity.Itsremotenessaddstoitsuntouched,wildbeauty,makingitasignificantareaforconservationefforts.(奧薩半島是哥斯達(dá)黎加一個(gè)美麗且生物多樣的地區(qū)，擁有世界2.5%的生物多樣性。它的偏遠(yuǎn)使其保持著原始、野性的美麗，使其成為保護(hù)工作的重要區(qū)域)”可知，奧薩半島生物多樣，是保護(hù)工作的重要區(qū)域，說(shuō)明它具有巨大的環(huán)境價(jià)值。故選C項(xiàng)。BMavuramMallikarjunReddyistheonlyfarmingpersonfromIndiatoreceive“JagjivanRamAbhinavKisanPuruskar”fromtheIndianCouncilofAgriculturalResearch(ICAR).Theawardwasgiventohimforthegrowingofdifferenttypesofcropsthroughorganicfarming.Thejourneybeganin2014whenMallikarjunlefthissoftwarejob.Thedecisionwasn’ttoosudden.Whenhevisitedthehospital,heheardpatientsanddoctorstalkingabouttheeffectsofharmfulchemicalsonfoodandmilk.Itwasalarmingtoseehowwepolluteourselvesandtheenvironment.Thelaststrawwasthedeathofhisfriend’sdaughterfromcancer.“Ididn’twanttoofferharmfulfoodtomyfamilyandIstartedthechange,”saysMallikarjun.Farmingwasn’tnewtohisfamily.Hetookoverthelandthathisfarmerfatherowned,andbeganrunningasemi—organicfarmwiththericecrop.Astheresultswerenotasexpected,hegrewthericecropindripirrigation(滴灌)andthenattemptedhybridfarming.HethenpracticedtheSystemofRiceIntensification(SRI)farmingmethodologytoincreasetheproductivityofrice.Ifregularfarmingrequiresaninvestment(投資額)of$600for6,000kgofrice,Mallikarjuninvestsonly$300toobtainthesameoutput.EffortsbyMallikarjuninrainwaterharvestingthroughlakesandopenwellsforincreasedgroundwaterandraisingawarenessamongotherfarmersofthemisuseofpesticidesandfieldmanagementhavealsobeenappreciated.Healsorecommendsusingtechniquesresearchedbyagriculturaluniversitiestodealwithstubble(殘梗)inthefieldsinsteadofburningstubble.Mallikarjunmanagesthefieldsonhisown,withoutemployees,andhefollowsa12-hourworkschedule—awakeningat4a.m.tofeedsheep,goatsandcowsbeforegoingtothefarm.Thesoftwareengineer-turned-farmerhasalsolaunchedanorganicshop,wherehesellstheproduceoffarmersfromhisvillage.“Organicfarminghelpstheenvironment,”hedescribes.“Smallfarmersmuststartsmalltomaintainorganicagricultureandtheirlivelihoodsaswell.”4.HowdidMallikarjunprobablyfeelwhenhevisitedthehospitalin2014?A.Puzzled. B.Curious. C.Concerned. D.Doubtful.5.WhatdoMallikarjun’sfarmingapproachesrevealaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Thevalueoftraditionalmethods.B.Theimportanceofhighinvestments.C.Thedisadvantagesoforganicfarming.D.Theeffectivenessofinnovativetechniques.6.WhatdoesMallikarjunintendtopromotethroughhiseffortsinparagraph4?A.Profit-drivenfarming. B.Cropwasterecycling.C.Personalizedfarmingtechniques. D.Eco-friendlyagriculturalpractices.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMallikarjun?A.Creativeandcaring. B.Energeticandpatient.C.Honestandpassionate. D.Conventionalandserious.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了印度農(nóng)民MavuramMallikarjunReddy放棄軟件工作，轉(zhuǎn)而從事有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)，并最終獲得“JagjivanRamAbhinavKisanPuruskar”獎(jiǎng)的故事?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenhevisitedthehospital,heheardpatientsanddoctorstalkingabouttheeffectsofharmfulchemicalsonfoodandmilk.Itwasalarmingtoseehowwepolluteourselvesandtheenvironment.Thelaststrawwasthedeathofhisfriend’sdaughterfromcancer.“Ididn’twanttoofferharmfulfoodtomyfamilyandIstartedthechange,”saysMallikarjun.(當(dāng)他參觀醫(yī)院時(shí)，他聽(tīng)到病人和醫(yī)生談?wù)撚泻瘜W(xué)物質(zhì)對(duì)食品和牛奶的影響?？吹轿覀?nèi)绾挝廴咀约汉铜h(huán)境是令人震驚的。他朋友的女兒死于癌癥，這使他忍無(wú)可忍。“我不想給我的家人提供有害的食物，我開(kāi)始改變，”Mallikarjun說(shuō))”可知，2014年馬利卡君訪問(wèn)醫(yī)院時(shí)，他可能是擔(dān)心的，不想給家人提供有害的食物。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“HethenpracticedtheSystemofRiceIntensification(SRI)farmingmethodologytoincreasetheproductivityofrice.Ifregularfarmingrequiresaninvestment(投資額)of$600for6,000kgofrice,Mallikarjuninvestsonly$300toobtainthesameoutput.EffortsbyMallikarjuninrainwaterharvestingthroughlakesandopenwellsforincreasedgroundwaterandraisingawarenessamongotherfarmersofthemisuseofpesticidesandfieldmanagementhavealsobeenappreciated.Healsorecommendsusingtechniquesresearchedbyagriculturaluniversitiestodealwithstubble(殘梗)inthefieldsinsteadofburningstubble.(然后，他實(shí)踐了水稻集約化系統(tǒng)（SRI）耕作方法，以提高水稻的生產(chǎn)力。如果常規(guī)農(nóng)業(yè)需要投資600美元來(lái)生產(chǎn)6000公斤大米，Mallikarjun只需要投資300美元就能獲得同樣的產(chǎn)量。Mallikarjun在通過(guò)湖泊和露天水井收集雨水以增加地下水和提高其他農(nóng)民對(duì)濫用農(nóng)藥和田間管理的認(rèn)識(shí)方面所作的努力也受到贊賞。他還建議使用農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)研究的技術(shù)來(lái)處理田間的殘茬，而不是焚燒殘茬)”可知，常規(guī)農(nóng)業(yè)需要投資600美元來(lái)生產(chǎn)6000公斤大米，Mallikarjun只需要投資300美元就能獲得同樣的產(chǎn)量，所以Mallikarjun的耕作方法揭示了創(chuàng)新技術(shù)的有效性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Mallikarjunmanagesthefieldsonhisown,withoutemployees,andhefollowsa12-hourworkschedule—awakeningat4a.m.tofeedsheep,goatsandcowsbeforegoingtothefarm.Thesoftwareengineer-turned-farmerhasalsolaunchedanorganicshop,wherehesellstheproduceoffarmersfromhisvillage.“Organicfarminghelpstheenvironment,”hedescribes.“Smallfarmersmuststartsmalltomaintainorganicagricultureandtheirlivelihoodsaswell.”(Mallikarjun自己管理田地，沒(méi)有員工，他遵循12小時(shí)的工作時(shí)間表——早上4點(diǎn)起床，喂綿羊、山羊和奶牛，然后去農(nóng)場(chǎng)。這位軟件工程師出身的農(nóng)民還開(kāi)了一家有機(jī)商店，在那里出售他村里農(nóng)民的產(chǎn)品?！坝袡C(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)有利于環(huán)境，”他說(shuō)?！靶∞r(nóng)戶必須從小做起，以維持有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)和他們的生計(jì)?！?”可知，Mallikarjun希望促進(jìn)生態(tài)友好型農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，Mallikarjun為家人毅然辭去軟件工作，開(kāi)始從事有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)，因?yàn)椴幌虢o家人提供有害的食物，所以是有愛(ài)心的，根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，Mallikarjun實(shí)踐了水稻集約化系統(tǒng)（SRI）耕作方法，取得了很好的成果，說(shuō)明他是有創(chuàng)造力的。故選A項(xiàng)。CIfyouwantedyourchildtobecomeatopathleteasanadult,thebestwaymaynotbewhatyouthink.Itseemslogicalthatsomeonewhostartedatanearlyageandfocusedononethingwouldbecomethebestatit.Butitturnsoutthatmostchampionsdon’tfollowthepathofearlyspecialization.Researchofthepast20yearshassteadilyrevealedthatkidswhohavetrieddifferentsports,onthewhole,gofurtherinthelongtermthankidswhohavespecializedearly.Theresearchersreviewed51internationalstudiesonexpertathleteperformance.Takentogether,thesestudieslookedatthedevelopmentalhistoryof6,096adultandyouthathletes,including772oftheworld’stopperformers.Theiranalysesshowedthatthemajorityofworld-classathletesweremultisportathletesinchildhoodandadolescence(青春期).Inmanycases,thetopadultathletesalsostartedtheirmainsportlaterandpracticeditforfewerhoursduringchildhoodthanmanyoftheirpeers(同齡人).Theyalsogenerallyprogressedmoreslowly.Incontrast,theirpeerswhospecializedearlyoftenfoundmoresuccessattheyouthlevel.However,that’swheremostofthempeaked.Whenitcametolong-termsuccessontheinternationalstage,thelate-specializationkidsweremuchbetterrepresented.Themultisportapproachworksforacoupleofreasons.Oneofthemappearstobebetterskillstransferbetweendifferentsports.Raducanu’sformercoachsaidthatwhenshe’slearninganewskill,shecanpickthingsupveryquickly.Also,tryingmoresportsinchildhoodhelpskidsfindasportthatsuitstheirtalentandinterestbest.Plus,itcanreducetheriskofinjuryandmentalburnout,Giventheresearch,whydowekeeppushingkidstospecializeatayoungage?Oneofthemajorreasonsisthatsomanyofushavelivedforsolongwiththeideathatearlyspecializationproducesthebestresults.Ifwewantkidstoreachtheirbestpotentialoverthelongterm,weneedtoencouragethemtotryasmanydifferentsportsandactivitiesinchildhoodaspracticallypossible.8.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thepurposeoftheresearch. B.Theresultoftheresearch.C.Theprocessoftheresearch. D.Theparticipantsoftheresearch.9.Whydoesthemultisportapproachwork?A.Itallowskidstoacquiremoretraininghours.B.Ithelpskidstobecomefamousatayoungage.C.Itmakeskidsmorecompetitiveintheirchildhood.D.Itenablesskillsinonesporttobeappliedtoanother.10.Whydopeoplestillpushkidsintoearlysportsspecialization?A.Somewrongideasaredeeplyrooted.B.Kidscandevelopbetterinthelongrun.C.It’scasierforkidstofindtheirfavoritesportsearly.D.Ithelpsreducekids’riskofinjuryandmentalburnout.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.YouthSport:AProfitableBusinessB.TheRoadtoBecomingaTopAthleteC.MultisportApproach:TheKeytoSuccessD.TheBenefitofEarlySpecializationinSports【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)嘗試多種運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看比早期專門從事一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子發(fā)展得更好，多種運(yùn)動(dòng)方式對(duì)孩子有諸多益處?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theiranalysesshowedthatthemajorityofworld-classathletesweremultisportathletesinchildhoodandadolescence(青春期).Inmanycases,thetopadultathletesalsostartedtheirmainsportlaterandpracticeditforfewerhoursduringchildhoodthanmanyoftheirpeers(同齡人).Theyalsogenerallyprogressedmoreslowly.Incontrast,theirpeerswhospecializedearlyoftenfoundmoresuccessattheyouthlevel.However,that’swheremostofthempeaked.Whenitcametolong-termsuccessontheinternationalstage,thelate-specializationkidsweremuchbetterrepresented.(他們的分析表明，大多數(shù)世界級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在童年和青春期都是從事多種運(yùn)動(dòng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。在許多情況下，頂級(jí)成年運(yùn)動(dòng)員開(kāi)始他們的主要運(yùn)動(dòng)也比較晚，而且在童年時(shí)期練習(xí)的時(shí)間比他們的許多同齡人要少。他們通常進(jìn)步也比較慢。相比之下，早期專門從事一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的同齡人在青年階段往往更成功。然而，那是他們大多數(shù)人的巔峰時(shí)期。當(dāng)談到在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上的長(zhǎng)期成功時(shí)，后期專門從事一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子表現(xiàn)得要好得多。)”可知，第三段主要講的是研究的結(jié)果，即從事多種運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看比早期專門從事一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子更成功。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Themultisportapproachworksforacoupleofreasons.Oneofthemappearstobebetterskillstransferbetweendifferentsports.Raducanu’sformercoachsaidthatwhenshe’slearninganewskill,shecanpickthingsupveryquickly.(多種運(yùn)動(dòng)方式之所以有效有幾個(gè)原因。其中一個(gè)原因似乎是不同運(yùn)動(dòng)之間更好的技能轉(zhuǎn)移。拉杜卡努的前教練說(shuō)，當(dāng)她學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新技能時(shí)，她能很快學(xué)會(huì)。)”可知，多種運(yùn)動(dòng)方式有效的原因是它能使一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的技能應(yīng)用到另一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Giventheresearch,whydowekeeppushingkidstospecializeatayoungage?Oneofthemajorreasonsisthatsomanyofushavelivedforsolongwiththeideathatearlyspecializationproducesthebestresults.(鑒于這項(xiàng)研究，為什么我們還在推動(dòng)孩子們?cè)谀贻p時(shí)專門從事一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)呢？一個(gè)主要原因是，我們很多人長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直認(rèn)為早期專門從事一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)能產(chǎn)生最好的結(jié)果。)”可知，人們?nèi)匀煌苿?dòng)孩子早期專門從事一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)是因?yàn)橐恍╁e(cuò)誤的觀念已經(jīng)根深蒂固。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Researchofthepast20yearshassteadilyrevealedthatkidswhohavetrieddifferentsports,onthewhole,gofurtherinthelongtermthankidswhohavespecializedearly.(過(guò)去20年的研究逐漸表明，從總體上看，嘗試過(guò)不同運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看比早期專門從事一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的孩子發(fā)展得更好。)”以及最后一段“Ifwewantkidstoreachtheirbestpotentialoverthelongterm,weneedtoencouragethemtotryasmanydifferentsportsandactivitiesinchildhoodaspracticallypossible.(如果我們希望孩子從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看發(fā)揮出他們的最大潛力，我們需要鼓勵(lì)他們?cè)谕陼r(shí)期盡可能多地嘗試不同的運(yùn)動(dòng)和活動(dòng)。)”可知，文章主要講述了多種運(yùn)動(dòng)方式對(duì)孩子成為頂級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的重要性，所以“多種運(yùn)動(dòng)方式：成功的關(guān)鍵”最適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DAfamoustravelwriter,pickIyer,recentlywroteofhisexperienceinthedeepsouthoftheworld.Thevisit,hesaid,“awakensyoutotheenvironmentalconcernsoftheworld,andyougohomewithimportantquestionsforyourconscience(良知)aswellasradiantmemories.”Iyerisn’talone.Thisresponseiswidespread,knownintheindustryasAntarcticambassadorship.InAntarctica,crowding,environmentalimpactandemissionsarethemostpressingissues.While100,000touristsayearistinybyglobaltourismstandards,andvisitsareconcentratedinhighlysensitiveecologicalareasforonlyafewmonthsperyear.Therearenoresidentstodisturb(otherthanlocalwildlife),becausethere’snohostcommunitytoprotestifvisitornumbersgettoohigh.Evenso,strongprotectionsareinplace.InaccordancewiththeAntarcticTreatySystem—thesetofinternationalagreementssignedbycountrieswithanAntarcticpresenceoraninterest—tourismoperatorsbasedinthosenationshavetoapplyforpermitsandfollowstrictenvironmentalregulations.Forinstance,toavoidintroducingnewspecies,touristshavetofollowrulessuchasdisinfectingtheirbootsandvacuumingtheirpocketsbeforesettingfootontheice,andkeepingasetdistancefromwildlife.AlmostallAntarcticcruiseownersbelongtotheInternationalAssociationofAntarcticaTourOperators,thepeakbodythatmanagesAntarctictourism.Forthefirsttimethisyear,operatorshavetoreporttheiroverallfuelconsumptionaspartofIAATO’seffortstomaketheindustrymoreclimate-friendly.Someoperatorsarenowusinghybridvessels(合成船舶)thatcanrunpartlyonelectricpropulsion(推進(jìn))forshortperiods,reducingcarbondioxideemissions.Ifyou’reoneofthetouristsgoingtoAntarcticathissummer,enjoytheexperience—butgowithcare.Beawarethatnotripsouthcomeswithoutenvironmentalcostandusethisknowledgetomakeclear-eyeddecisionsaboutyouractivitiesbothinAntarcticaandonceyou’resafelybackhome.12.What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Tointroducethefamouswriterpicklayer. B.ToshowhowamazingtobeAntarcticAmbassador.C.ToarousepublicinterestinAntarctictourism. D.ToshowconcernsforAntarcticenvironment.13.What’sthepossiblemeaningoftheunderlinedword“vacuuming”inParagraph4?A.Protecting. B.Emptying. C.Staining. D.Filling.14.Whichistrueabouttheoperatorthisyearaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyneedn’treportoverallfuelassumption.B.Theymadenoefforttobeclimate-friendly.C.HybridvesselsareagoodchoicetoreduceCO2.D.Polartravelcanbestoppedrightawaybythecompany.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsAntarctictourism?A.Positive. B.Neutral. C.Negative. D.Unclear.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了南極旅游對(duì)環(huán)境的影響及采取的保護(hù)措施，強(qiáng)調(diào)游客應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任地進(jìn)行南極旅行?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thevisit,hesaid,“awakensyoutotheenvironmentalconcernsoftheworld,andyougohomewithimportantquestionsforyourconscience(良知)aswellasradiantmemories.”Iyerisn’talone.Thisresponseiswidespread,knownintheindustryasAntarcticambassadorship.(他說(shuō)，這次訪問(wèn)‘讓你意識(shí)到對(duì)世界環(huán)境的擔(dān)憂，當(dāng)你回家時(shí)，心中不僅帶著美好的回憶，還會(huì)有一些關(guān)乎良知的重要問(wèn)題’。并非只有Iyer有這樣的感受。這種反應(yīng)很普遍，在業(yè)內(nèi)被稱為‘南極大使意識(shí)’)”及第二段中“InAntarctica,crowding,environmentalimpactandemissionsarethemostpressingissues.(在南極洲，人口擁擠、環(huán)境影響和排放問(wèn)題是最為緊迫的問(wèn)題)”可知，著名旅行作家Iyer講述了他在世界最南端（南極洲）的經(jīng)歷，他的這次訪問(wèn)讓他意識(shí)到對(duì)世界環(huán)境的擔(dān)憂，而且這種反應(yīng)很普遍。由此可推斷，第一段的作用是展示對(duì)南極環(huán)境的關(guān)注。故選D。【13題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“Forinstance,toavoidintroducingnewspecies,touristshavetofollowrulessuchasdisinfectingtheirbootsandvacuumingtheirpocketsbeforesettingfootontheice,andkeepingasetdistancefromwildlife.(例如，為了避免引入新物種，游客必須遵守一些規(guī)定，比如在踏上冰面之前給靴子消毒、vacuuming口袋，并且與野生動(dòng)物保持一定的距離)”可推知，為避免引入新物種，踏上冰面之前給靴子消毒，要防止口袋里有從其他地方帶來(lái)的東西被帶到南極，因此要保證口子里沒(méi)有東西，“vacuumingtheirpockets”意思是清空口袋，vacuuming意思是“清空”。故選B?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Someoperatorsarenowusinghybridvessels(合成船舶)thatcanrunpartlyonelectricpropulsion(推進(jìn))forshortperiods,reducingcarbondioxideemissions.(一些運(yùn)營(yíng)商現(xiàn)在正在使用混合動(dòng)力船，這種船可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)部分依靠電力推進(jìn)，從而減少二氧化碳排放)”可知，混合動(dòng)力船是減少二氧化碳排放的好選擇。故選C。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifyou’reoneofthetouristsgoingtoAntarcticathissummer,enjoytheexperience—butgowithcare.Beawarethatnotripsouthcomeswithoutenvironmentalcostandusethisknowledgetomakeclear-eyeddecisionsaboutyouractivitiesbothinAntarcticaandonceyou’resafelybackhome.(如果你是今年夏天去南極洲的游客之一，享受這段經(jīng)歷吧——但要小心。要知道，每一次南極之旅都會(huì)付出環(huán)境代價(jià)，利用這些知識(shí)，明智地決定你在南極的活動(dòng)，以及一旦你安全回家后該做什么)”可知，作者對(duì)南極之旅的建議是享受這段經(jīng)歷的同時(shí)要多加注意；由此可推知，作者對(duì)南極旅游持積極態(tài)度。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverplayedthefingertrapgame?Youputyourtwofingersinsideatube.Thechallengeistotakethemoutofthetube.Soundseasy,butwhenyoutrytopullthemout.thetubelocksaroundthemandmakesitimpossible.Likethisgame,Johnwasinatrapofhisownmaking.Hespentalotofhistime,energy,andthoughtstryingtomakeeveryonearoundhimhappy.____16____So,whatwasreallygoingon?____17____Thisstartsinchildhoodwhenwewanttokeepourcaregivershappy,aswedependonthemforsurvival.Thiscontinuesinschoolwithpeergroups,andlateratwork,withteamsandbosses.Ifwefeelwearen’tfittingin,ourthreatdetectionsystemmaygetactivated,causinganxiety.People-pleasingisapatternofbehaviourwhereweputothers’wantsandneedsbeforeourown.____18____Inturn,attemptstoavoidanypotentialcriticismcanresultinunhelpfulbehaviours.Ifyourecogniseyoumightbeapeople-pleaser,thefollowingtipsmaybehelpful.First,understandwhoseopinionsreallymatter.Noteveryone’sopinionwillholdthesameweight.Second,focusonyourownvaluesandrules.____19____Taketimetounderstandyourvaluesandactonthem,ratherthansomeoneelse’s.Youmaybewonderingwhatthesolutionistogetoutofthefingertrap.Well,it’ssimpleonceyouknowhow.____20____Likewise,forpeople-pleasers,it’stimetolookinwardandlivebywhatmatterstothem,nottoseekothers’approvalforself-worth.A.Third,trytogetalongwithothers.B.Humanshaveaninbornneedtofitin.C.Itholdsusbackfromfullygrowingupasaperson.D.Thereasonfordoingsomethingisbecauseyouwantto.E.Itcanmakeusparticularlysensitivetocriticismanddisapproval.F.Thesecretistorelax,andpushyourfingersinwardnotoutward.G.However,themorehetriedtodothis,themoreunhappyhebecame.【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.D20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章借手指陷阱游戲，引出討好型人格問(wèn)題，闡述其成因、表現(xiàn)，還給出擺脫該人格及陷阱的方法?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Likethisgame,Johnwasinatrapofhisownmaking.Hespentalotofhistime,energy,andthoughtstryingtomakeeveryonearoundhimhappy.(就像這場(chǎng)游戲一樣，約翰陷入了自己制造的陷阱。他投入了大量的時(shí)間、精力和思考，試圖讓周圍的人都感到快樂(lè))”可知，空前描述了約翰花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間、精力和心思讓周圍人開(kāi)心，空后提出“So,whatwasreallygoingon?(那么，到底發(fā)生了什么呢)”說(shuō)明設(shè)空處應(yīng)體現(xiàn)約翰這種行為帶來(lái)的結(jié)果且與預(yù)期不同。G選項(xiàng)“然而，他越努力這樣做，就變得越不開(kāi)心”符合上下文邏輯，起到了承上啟下的作用。G項(xiàng)中的代詞this指代上文約翰做的事情。故選G項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)后文“Thisstartsinchildhoodwhenwewanttokeepourcaregivershappy,aswedependonthemforsurvival.Thiscontinuesinschoolwithpeergroups,andlateratwork,withteamsandbosses.Ifwefeelwearen’tfittingin,ourthreatdetectionsystemmaygetactivated,causinganxiety.(這始于童年時(shí)期，我們想讓照顧我們的人開(kāi)心，因?yàn)槲覀円蕾囁麄兩?。這種情況在學(xué)校里與同齡人相處，后來(lái)在工作中與團(tuán)隊(duì)和老板相處。如果我們覺(jué)得自己不適應(yīng)，我們的威脅檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)可能會(huì)被激活，導(dǎo)致焦慮)”可知，空后提到這種情況從童年想讓照顧者開(kāi)心開(kāi)始，在學(xué)校和工作中也持續(xù)存在，還提到如果感覺(jué)自己不合群會(huì)激活威脅檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)導(dǎo)致焦慮。B選項(xiàng)“人類有一種與生俱來(lái)的融入群體的需求”很好地引出了下文關(guān)于人們?yōu)榱巳谌氩煌后w而產(chǎn)生的行為，是本段的主題句。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】空后“Inturn,attemptstoavoidanypotentialcriticismcanresultinunhelpfulbehaviours.(反過(guò)來(lái)，試圖避免任何潛在的批評(píng)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致無(wú)益的行為)”講的避免批評(píng)導(dǎo)致問(wèn)題行為需前因。E選項(xiàng)“它會(huì)使我們對(duì)批評(píng)和不認(rèn)可特別敏感”解釋原因，It指代前文的People-pleasing，且“對(duì)批評(píng)和不認(rèn)可敏感”與后文“試圖避免潛在批評(píng)”相呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】空前“Second,focusonyourownvaluesandrules.(第二，專注于你自己的價(jià)值觀和規(guī)則)”說(shuō)要關(guān)注自己的價(jià)值觀和規(guī)則，空后“Taketimetounderstandyourvaluesandactonthem,ratherthansomeoneelse’s.(花時(shí)間了解你的價(jià)值觀并采取行動(dòng)，而不是別人的)”講按自己價(jià)值觀行動(dòng)。D選項(xiàng)“做某件事的原因是因?yàn)槟阕约合胱觥睆?qiáng)調(diào)了要按照自己的意愿行動(dòng)，與關(guān)注自己的價(jià)值觀相契合。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】空前“Youmaybewonderingwhatthesolutionistogetoutofthefingertrap.Well,it’ssimpleonceyouknowhow.(你可能想知道擺脫手指陷阱的方法是什么。只要你知道怎么做就很簡(jiǎn)單了)”問(wèn)擺脫手指陷阱的解決辦法是什么，空后“Likewise,forpeople-pleasers,it’stimetolookinwardandlivebywhatmatterstothem,nottoseekothers’approvalforself-worth.(同樣，對(duì)于取悅他人的人來(lái)說(shuō)，是時(shí)候向內(nèi)看，按照對(duì)他們重要的東西生活，而不是尋求別人對(duì)自我價(jià)值的認(rèn)可)”說(shuō)同樣對(duì)于討好型人格的人，是時(shí)候向內(nèi)審視并按照對(duì)自己重要的事情生活，而不是為了自我價(jià)值尋求他人認(rèn)可。F選項(xiàng)“秘訣是放松，然后把手指往里推而不是往外拉”與前文關(guān)于手指陷阱游戲的解決辦法相呼應(yīng)，也為后文討好型人格的人提供了類似的解決思路。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Suewasatthebusstopwaitingtocatchthebushomeafterabusydayatcollege.Hamilton,herclassmate,cametothebusstopandnoticedSuelookingabit___21___.“HelloSue,istheresomethingwrong?”Hamiltonasked.“Aspartofmy___22___,Mr.Mittonhas___23___somesortofworkexperienceforpeoplewithdisabilities,butitdidn’tsoundexcitingtome.”repliedSue.“Doingsomething___24___,aspartofyourcourse,really___25___yourmentalhealth.I’vedonesomevoluntaryworkmyself.Ihaveeverhelpedaneight-year-oldboywhowasextremelyshy.Butwithmyhelphe___26___cameoutofhis___27___andwasableto___28___withotherkids.”saidHamilton,___29___Sueaphotooftheboyenjoyinghimselfinaclubactivity.Suefelt___30___.Shedecidedtogiveherworkexperienceago.ThefirstdaycameforSue’svoluntaryworkatthenearbycentre.Slowly,astheweekspassed,Suestartedto___31___it.Shefeltitmeaningfultoseehowmuchshehad___32___herselfaswellashelpingsomeonetogrowandexplore,andtokeepcompanywiththepeoplewhooftenfelt___33___.Atthebeginningofthenewspringterm.SuemetHamiltoninthecampus.“Whatalovelysurprise.”saidSue.“Thankyouforyour___34___.Ifollowedwhatyousaidand___35___somedifferentthings.Theworkexperiencewasgreat,notonlyformebutIfeltIreallymadeadifference.”21.A.happy B.annoyed C.upset D.scared22.A.project B.course C.survey D.exam23.A.shared B.improved C.obtained D.arranged24.A.different B.strange C.old D.formal25.A.assesses B.measures C.restores D.benefits26.A.awkwardly B.hardly C.creatively D.gradually27.A.room B.shell C.club D.bag28.A.argue B.compete C.communicate D.survive29.A.showing B.lending C.mailing D.selling30.A.surprised B.touched C.relaxed D.confused31.A.enjoy B.consider C.doubt D.summarize32.A.valued B.accepted C.recovered D.changed33.A.lonely B.shy C.lucky D.proud34.A.love B.responsibility C.advice D.friendship35.A.quit B.tried C.studied D.recorded【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.D26.D27.B28.C29.A30.B31.A32.D33.A34.C35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Sue在同學(xué)鼓勵(lì)下參與志愿工作并從中獲得成長(zhǎng)與感動(dòng)的故事?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她的同學(xué)Hamilton來(lái)到公交站，注意到Sue看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)難過(guò)。A.happy高興的；B.annoyed惱怒的；C.upset難過(guò)的，沮喪的；D.scared害怕的。根據(jù)后文“butitdidn’tsoundexcitingtome”可知，Sue對(duì)Mitton先生安排的工作經(jīng)歷不感興趣，所以這里是看起來(lái)心煩意亂。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為我課程的一部分，Mitton先生安排了一些照顧殘疾人的工作體驗(yàn)，但我覺(jué)得這聽(tīng)起來(lái)并不令人興奮。A.project項(xiàng)目；B.course課程；C.survey調(diào)查；D.exam考試。根據(jù)后文“aspartofyourcourse”可知，這里是說(shuō)課程的一部分。故選B。【23題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.shared分享；B.improved提高；C.obtained獲得；D.arranged安排。根據(jù)后文“somesortofworkexperienceforpeoplewithdisabilities”可知，Mitton先生作者安排了工作體驗(yàn)。故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為你課程的一部分，做些不同的事情真的對(duì)你的心理健康有好處。A.different不同的；B.strange奇怪的；C.old舊的；D.formal正式的。根據(jù)后文“I’vedonesomevoluntaryworkmyself.”可知，Hamilton認(rèn)為做些與常規(guī)不同的事情對(duì)心理健康有好處。故選A。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：作為你課程的一部分，做些不同的事情真的對(duì)你的心理健康有好處。A.assesses評(píng)估；B.measures測(cè)量；C.restores恢復(fù)；D.benefits有益于。根據(jù)后文“yourmentalhealth”及“I’vedonesomevoluntaryworkmyself.”可知，Hamilton認(rèn)為做些不同的事情對(duì)心理健康有好處。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但在我的幫助下，他逐漸不再羞怯，并且能夠和其他孩子交流。A.awkwardly笨拙地；B.hardly幾乎不；C.creatively有創(chuàng)造力地；D.gradually逐漸地。根據(jù)后文“cameoutofhisandwasabletowithotherkids”及“theboyenjoyinghimselfinaclubactivity”可知，在Hamilton的幫助下，男孩慢慢改變，是一個(gè)逐漸的過(guò)程。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但在我的幫助下，他逐漸不再羞怯，并且能夠和其他孩子交流。A.room房間；B.shell殼，外殼；C.club俱樂(lè)部；D.bag包。根據(jù)前文“whowasextremelyshy”可知，那個(gè)男孩非常害羞，comeoutofone’sshell表示“不再羞怯，愿意與人攀談”，符合句意。故選B。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但在我的幫助下，他逐漸不再羞怯，并且能夠和其他孩子交流。A.argue爭(zhēng)論；B.compete競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；C.communicate交流；D.survive生存。根據(jù)后文“withotherkids””及“theboyenjoyinghimselfinaclubactivity”可知，那個(gè)男孩在Hamilton的幫助下能夠和其他孩子交流了。故選C?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Hamilton說(shuō)著，給Sue看了一張那個(gè)男孩在俱樂(lè)部活動(dòng)中玩得很開(kāi)心的照片。A.showing展示，給……看；B.lending借出；C.mailing郵寄；D.selling賣。根據(jù)后文“Sueaphotooftheboyenjoyinghimselfinaclubactivity”可知，Hamilton給Sue看了那個(gè)男孩的照片。故選A。【30題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Sue感到很感動(dòng)。A.surprised驚訝的；B.touched感動(dòng)的；C.relaxed放松的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)后文“Shedecidedtogiveherworkexperienceago.”可知，Sue決定去嘗試工作經(jīng)歷，可知她被Hamilton的話和經(jīng)歷感動(dòng)了。故選B。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：慢慢地，幾個(gè)星期過(guò)去了，Sue開(kāi)始喜歡上這份工作了。A.enjoy喜歡，享受；B.consider考慮；C.doubt懷疑；D.summarize總結(jié)。根據(jù)后文“Shefeltitmeaningful”可知，Sue開(kāi)始喜歡上這份工作了。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她覺(jué)得看到自己改變了很多，同時(shí)也幫助別人成長(zhǎng)和探索，陪伴那些經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)的人，這是很有意義的。A.valued重視；B.accepted接受；C.recovered恢復(fù)；D.changed改變。根據(jù)后文“herselfaswellashelpingsomeonetogrowandexplore”可知，Sue覺(jué)得自己在這份工作中發(fā)生了變化，同時(shí)也幫助了別人。故選D。【33題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她覺(jué)得看到自己改變了很多，同時(shí)也幫助別人成長(zhǎng)和探索，陪伴那些經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)的人，這是很有意義的。A.lonely孤獨(dú)的；B.shy害羞的；C.lucky幸運(yùn)的；D.proud驕傲的。根據(jù)前文“tokeepcompanywiththepeople”可知，Sue陪伴的是那些經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)的人。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：謝謝你的建議。A.love愛(ài)；B.responsibility責(zé)任；C.advice建議；D.friendship友誼。根據(jù)前文Hamilton給Sue的建議