學(xué)年第二學(xué)期調(diào)研測試卷高二英語7本試卷共8頁，滿分，考試用時分鐘。注意事項：答題前，考生請務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。將條形碼橫貼在卡“條形碼粘貼”處。回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AImaginecitieswherebuildingsbreathelikeplants,streetsflowlikerivers,andneighborhoodsdevelopnaturallylikeforests.Thisvisionisbeingrealasurbandesignersusenatureinspiredideaslikebiomimicry,permaculture(永久農(nóng)業(yè)),andFengShui.Ancientwisdominspiresmodernsolutions:TheEastgateCentreinZimbabwecopiestermitemoundstostaycool.Itsthickbrickwallsabsorbheatbydayandreleaseitatnight.Coolairflowsinthroughopeningsatthebottom,loweringtemperaturesnaturally.Thisavoidscostlyairconditioning,savingover50%energyand$3.5millionparedtotraditionalbuilding.Christchurch’sōtākaroOrchardcreatesselfsustainingfoodsystemsafteraearthquake.Thisprojectfeatures5publicfoodforests,26munitygardens,70foodproducinggardensinschools,and26,000fruittreesonpublicland,whichhelpmakesurethere’senoughfoodincaseofdisasters.FengShuimakespeopleandtheirsurroundingsworkwelltogetherbybalancingtheflowofenergy,orchi.InHongKong,buildingsareputnearnaturalthingstobringgoodenergy.TheBankofChinausestriangular第1頁/共22頁shapestohelpthingsgrow,andtheInternationalmerceCentrehasroundedgesforsmoothenergyLongago,theAztecsmadefloatinggardens.Egyptiansbuiltcoolhouses.Now,SingaporebeautifullymixestheseoldideaswithnewonesinitsGardensbytheBay,applyingbiomimicry,permaculture,andFengShui.Whencitiesworkwithnature,theysaveenergy,growfood,andfeelpeacefultohelp?JoinEarthDay’stalksaboutcleanenergy.1.WhatistheadvantageofEastgateCenterinZimbabwe?A.Itisselfsufficient.B.Itisenergysaving.C.Itisconvenientlylocated.D.Itistraditionallydesigned.2.WhatisspecialaboutōtākaroOrchard?A.ItembracesFengshui.B.Itsurvivestheearthquake.C.Itfeedslocalmunities.D.Itworksliketermitemounds.3.Whichbinesthethreenatureinspiredapproaches?A.TheGardensbytheBay.B.TheBankofChinaC.TheChristchurch’sōtākaroOrchard.D.TheInternationalmerceCentre.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了城市設(shè)計師如何利用仿生學(xué)、永久農(nóng)業(yè)和風(fēng)水等自然靈感設(shè)計城市，使城市更加節(jié)能、可持續(xù)且和諧宜居?！?題詳解】Biomimicry中“TheEastgateCentreinZimbabwecopiestermitemoundstostaycool.Itsthickbrickwallsabsorbheatbydayandreleaseitatnight.Coolairflowsinthroughopeningsatthebottom,loweringtemperaturesnaturally.Thisavoidscostlyairconditioning,savingover50%energyand$3.5millionparedtotraditionalbuilding.(津巴布韋的EastgateCentre模仿白蟻丘來保持涼爽。它厚厚的磚墻白天吸收熱量，晚上釋放熱量。冷空氣從底部的開口流入，自然降低溫度。這避免了昂貴的空調(diào)費(fèi)用，與傳統(tǒng)建筑相比，節(jié)省了超過50%的能源和350萬美元。)”可知，EastgateCentre的優(yōu)勢是節(jié)能。故選B項?！?題詳解】第2頁/共22頁中“Christchurch’sōtākaroOrchardcreatesselfsustainingfoodsystemsafteraearthquake.Thisprojectfeatures5publicfoodforests,26munitygardens,70foodproducinggardensinschools,and26,000fruittreesonpublicland,whichhelpmakesurethere’senoughfoodincaseofdisasters.年地震后，克賴斯特徹奇的ōtākaroOrchard創(chuàng)建了自給自足的食品系統(tǒng)。該項目包括5個公共食物森林、2670個學(xué)校食物生產(chǎn)花園和公共土地上的26,000足夠的食物。)”可知，ōtākaroOrchard的特別之處在于它為當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)提供食物。故選C項。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)中“Now,SingaporebeautifullymixestheseoldideaswithnewonesinitsGardensbytheBay,applyingbiomimicry,permaculture,andFengShui.(現(xiàn)在，新加坡在其濱海灣花園中巧)GardensbytheBay）結(jié)合了三種自然啟發(fā)的方法。故選A項。BLiDongju,a66yearoldgrandmotherfromZhengzhou,hascycledalonethrough12countriesacrossAsia,Europe,andAustralia.Herjourneybeganin2013whenshesawcyclistsspeedingpast.“Beforecycling,Iwaslikeafroginawell,”sherecalls.“NowI’mawildwolf—freeandfearless!”In2005,Lidivorced.Shestruggledwithdepressionforyears.only3,000yuanmonthlypension(退休金),Libudgetedcarefully.savemoney,sheworkedasacleanerandhoteldishwasher.Hersongiftedherafoldingbike,andshetraveledcheaplybycampingorstayingwithlocals.HerfirstSoutheastAsiatripleftheraloneinafterlosinghergroup.,shecontinuedtobikeacrossChina,acpaniedonlybyherbrownpetdogXili.In2017,LireturnedtoSoutheastAsia,thistimebetterequippedwithasmartphoneandatravelplan.Herpanionschosetoreturnhomeafterthreeweeks,butLipressedon,cyclingthroughCambodia,Thailand,andMyanmar.By2019,shewasreadyforhermostambitiouschallengeyet:cyclingthroughsixEuropeancountriesover66days.InNovember,sheflewtoAustralia.AsshecycledalongthePacificHighway,aquietcoastalroad,shespottedsmokeshootingfromnearbybrushandalertedthelocalpolicewithavideosheshot,preventingaseriousfirefromdeveloping.“Iwassoproudofmyself.”Lisaid.“IfeltlikeI’ddonealittlebitforAustralia.”Thoughshelostherbackpackonce,sheremembersmostthestrangers’kindnessandbringsChineseknotstoshowgratitudetoallthosewhohavehelpedheroutoftroubleduringtravelling.Whenthepandemichelduphertravelsin2020,Lirealizedshe’dstoppedtakingpillsfordepression.NowplanningtoridefromKazakhstanto第3頁/共22頁UAE,sheaimsfor100countriesislikeadrug,”shesmiles.“Onceyoutasteit,youcan’tstop.”4.WhatinitiallyinspiredLiDongju’scyclingjourney?A.Herdoctor’ssuggestion.B.Herson’sencouragement.C.Seeingpassingcyclists.D.Recallingthetraveljournal.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Undeterred”inparagraph2mean?A.Notdetermined.B.Notdiscouraged.C.Notidentified.D.Notinjured.6.WhatdidLidotopreventafireinAustralia?A.Soundthealarmnearby.B.Putoutthefirewithwater.C.Informthepolicewithavideo.D.Guidefirefighterstothescene.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLi’sbikejourney?A.butlifechanging.B.Lonelybutfortable.C.Costlybutrewarding.D.Briefbutmeaningful.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】662013年受騎行者啟發(fā)開啟獨(dú)自騎行之旅，她經(jīng)歷離婚、抑郁等困境，憑借微薄退休金，通過打工省錢，獨(dú)自或與寵物狗相伴騎行，游歷亞洲、歐洲、澳大利亞多個國家，在旅途中收獲成長，克服抑郁，這段騎行之旅艱苦卻改變了她的生活?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Herjourneybeganin2013whenshesawcyclistsspeedingpast.(她的旅程始于2013)選C項?！?題詳解】HerfirstSoutheastAsiatripleftheraloneinafterlosinghergroup.(她的第一次東南亞之旅，在與團(tuán)隊走散后，她獨(dú)自留在了越南)”以及后文“shecontinuedtobikeacrossChina,acpaniedonlybyherbrownpetdogXili.(她繼續(xù)在中國騎行，只有她棕色的寵物狗希利陪伴著她)”可知，盡管與團(tuán)隊走散獨(dú)自在越南，她也沒有氣餒，繼續(xù)騎行，所以“Undeterred”意思是“Notdiscouraged（不B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“InNovember,sheflewtoAustralia.AsshecycledalongthePacificHighway,a第4頁/共22頁quietcoastalroad,shespottedsmokeshootingfromnearbybrushandalertedthelocalpolicewithavideosheshot,preventingaseriousfirefrom公路騎行時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)附近灌木叢中冒出濃煙，并用拍攝的視頻提醒了當(dāng)?shù)鼐?，從而阻止了一場?yán)重火災(zāi)的發(fā)生)”可知，李東菊通過拍攝視頻通知警方來阻止澳大利亞的火災(zāi)。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“In2005,Lidivorced.Shestruggledwithdepressionforyears.only3,000yuanmonthlypension(退休金),Libudgetedcarefully.savemoney,sheworkedasacleanerandhoteldishwasher.Hersongiftedherafoldingbike,andshetraveledcheaplybycampingorstayingwithlocals.HerfirstSoutheastAsiatripleftheraloneinafterlosinghergroup.(2005年，李女士離婚了。此后數(shù)年，她一直與抑郁癥作斗爭。李女士每月僅有3000元退休金，因此她精打細(xì)算。為了省錢，她當(dāng)過清潔工和酒店洗碗工。她兒子送給她一輛折疊自行車，于是她通過露營或借住在當(dāng)?shù)厝思业姆绞?，開啟了經(jīng)濟(jì)實惠的旅行。她的第一次東南亞之行，在與團(tuán)隊走散后，她獨(dú)自留在了越南)”可知，她離婚后與抑郁作斗爭，靠微薄退休金和打工省錢，旅途中還會遇到與團(tuán)隊走散等情況，可知騎行之旅很艱苦；再根據(jù)最后一段“Thoughshelostherbackpackonce,sheremembersmostthestrangers’kindnessandbringsChineseknotstoshowgratitudetoallthosewhohavehelpedheroutoftroubleduringtravelling.Whenthepandemichelduphertravelsin2020,Lirealizedshe’dstoppedtakingpillsfordepression.(來感謝所有在旅行中幫助她擺脫困境的人。2020年疫情阻礙了她的旅行時，李意識到她已經(jīng)停止服用抗抑郁藥物了)”可知，騎行之旅改變了她的生活，讓她克服了抑郁。所以李東菊的騎行之旅艱苦但改變?nèi)松９蔬xA項。CThesmallPariscaféwasfilledwiththebittersmellofandpeople’schatting.IsatacrossfromCharlesStricklandatawoodentable.Onceawealthybusinessmaninfinesuits,henowworeanoldcoatwithwhitepaintonitssleeves.WhenIaskedhimwhyheabandonedhiswifeandtwochildrenandmovedtothisplace,heremainedcalmandcold,explainingthatpaintinghadbeeasimportanttohimasbreathingtoalivingcreature.Fortyyearsoldashewas,hebelievedthiswashisfinalopportunitytochangehislife.“Myrelativeswilltakecareofmyfamily,”hesaidwithoutanyguilt,asifhischildrenwerestrangershehadmetonlyonce.Formorethanayear,hehadliedtohiswifebytellingherhewasplayingcardswithfriendsintheevenings,butinrealityhewastakingartclassestolearnpainting.hishandsshakingslightly,hesaidinanurgentvoice,“Ihavetopaint.Whenamanfallsintothewater,itdoesn’tmatterhowheswims:hehastogetoutorelsehe’ll第5頁/共22頁drown.”WhenIaskedhim“Whatwillyoudoifyouneverbeesuccessful?”hejustrepeated,“Ihavetopaint.”Hisstrongdetermination,whichshowednosignofdoubtorregret,madeitclearthathehadpletelyturneddownthenormalrulesofsociety.Lookingathiswornshoesandfingerswithdifferentcolorsofpaint,Ifinallysaid,havebeeaheartlessman.”mysurprise,hejuststoodupcalmly,adjustedhisoldhat,andsuggested,“Let’sgofindsomewheretoeat.”Aroundus,waitersclearedtableswhilepeoplelaughedanddrankThesehappysoundsfeltstrangeafterourserioustalk,likesunshinebreakingthroughstormclouds.8.WhatdoweknowaboutStrickland’slifeinParis?A.Hesoughtsocialrecognition.B.Hemadefriendsincafeeasily.C.Hefeltlonelyafterleavinghisfamily.D.Helivedpoorlybutpursuedpainting.9.Whatmetaphor(隱喻)doesStricklandusetoexplainhissituationinparagraph3?A.Adrowningmanstrugglingtosurvive.B.Ashakinghandindicatingurgency.C.Astrongbreathessentialforlife.D.Afriendlyplayerinacardgame.10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesStrickland?A.Indifferentbutguilty.B.Coldbutdetermined.C.Selfishbuttraditional.D.Stubbornbutregretful.Whichreallifesituationreflectsthepassage?A.Arunnertrainsformedalswithpain.B.Ascientistbreaksrulesfordiscovery.C.Astudentattendsschoolforsportscareer.D.Abankerwritesdespitefamilyopposition.【答案】8.D9.A10.BD【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了斯特里克蘭德為了追求繪畫夢想而放棄富裕生活和家庭的故事，展現(xiàn)了他為了追求藝術(shù)而打破常規(guī)和不顧一切的決心。第6頁/共22頁【8題詳解】Onceawealthybusinessmaninfinesuits,henowworeanoldcoatwithwhitepaintonitssleeves.(他曾經(jīng)是一個穿著考究的富商，現(xiàn)在卻穿著一件袖子上有白漆的舊外套。)”以及第二段中“Formorethanayear,hehadliedtohiswifebytellingherhewasplayingcardswithfriendsintheevenings,butinrealityhewastakingartclassestolearnpainting.(一年多來，他一直對妻子撒謊，說晚上和朋友們打牌，但實際上他在上藝術(shù)課學(xué)習(xí)繪畫。)D項?！?題詳解】Strickland所說的“Whenamanfallsintothewater,itdoesn’tmatterhowheswims:hehastogetoutorelsehe’lldrown.(當(dāng)一個人掉進(jìn)水里時，他怎么游并不重要：他必須出來，否則就會淹死。)”可知，斯特里克蘭德用“一個溺水的人掙扎求生”來比喻自己的處境，強(qiáng)調(diào)他必須畫畫，否則就會像溺水者一樣“淹死”。故選A項。【10題詳解】heremainedcalmandcold(他保持冷靜和冷漠)的“hesaidwithoutanyguilt,asifhischildrenwerestrangershehadmetonlyonce(的孩子們是他只見過一面的陌生人)”以及第四段中“Hisstrongdetermination,whichshowednosignofdoubtorregret,madeitclearthathehadpletelyturneddownthenormalrulesofsociety.(的懷疑或遺憾，表明他完全拒絕了社會的正常規(guī)則。)”可知，斯特里克蘭德冷漠但堅定。故選B項。【題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“WhenIaskedhimwhyheabandonedhiswifeandtwochildrenandmovedtothisplace,heremainedcalmandcold,explainingthatpaintinghadbeeasimportanttohimasbreathingtoalivingcreature.Fortyyearsoldashewas,hebelievedthiswashisfinalopportunitytochangehislife.(當(dāng)我問他為什么拋棄妻子和兩個孩子搬到這個地方時，他保持著冷靜和冷漠，解釋說繪畫對他來說就如同呼吸對于生物一樣重要。盡管他已經(jīng)四十歲了，但他相信這是他改變?nèi)松淖詈髾C(jī)會。)”以及第四段中“Hisstrongdetermination,whichshowednosignofdoubtorregret,madeitclearthathehadpletelyturneddownthenormalrulesofsociety.(他堅定的決心，沒有絲毫的懷疑或遺憾，表明他完全拒絕了社會的正常規(guī)則。)”可知，斯特里克蘭德為了追求繪畫夢想，不惜放棄富裕的生活和家庭，這反映了他為了追求藝術(shù)而打破常規(guī)、不顧一切的決心。D項“Abankerwritesdespitefamilyopposition.(銀行家不顧家庭反對從事寫作。)”與斯特里克蘭德情況相似，都是為了個人追求，放棄原本富裕生活和家庭，打破了社會常規(guī)。故選D項。DCuriosity,therover(探測器)hasfoundstrongevidencethatMarsoncehadacarboncycle—aprocess第7頁/共22頁crucialforsustaininglife.WhileexaminingrocksinGaleCrater,theroverdiscoveredsiderite,aspecialmineralthatformswhencarbonmixeswithiron.ThissuggestsMars’environmentlongagowassimilartoearlyEarth’s.Thediscovery,publishedinScienceonApril17,makesscientistshopefulthatfutureMarssamplesmightshowsignsofpastlife.LeadresearcherBenfromtheUniversityofCalgary,describedtheexcitementaboutthediscovery:“Whenwerealizedtheserockscontainedsomuchsiderite,Iknewitssignificanceimmediately.”ForEarth,carboncyclehasbeenkeytoitshabitability—cyclingcarbonbetweentheair,oceans,androcks,thusprovidingthekeymaterialforalllivingthingsandsettingthesuitableatmosphere.Mars,despitesignsofancientwater,hadnevershownevidenceofcarbonatesuntilFindingrockswith510%sideritemeansMarshadahiddencarbonsourcewedidn’tknowabout.Sincelandingin2012,CuriosityhasbeenexploringGaleCrater,drillingintorocksandanalyzingthem.Recenttestsfoundnotjustsideritebutalsomagnesiumsulfatesalts(鎂硫酸鹽),whichmayhavehiddenthecarbonatesfromsatellites.thinkssimilarmineralscouldexistalloverMars,possiblystoringmuchoftheplanet’slostCO2—agasthatoncekeptMarswarm.However,Mars’carboncycleappearstohavebeenunstable.UnlikeEarth,Marshasnoplatetectonics(板塊構(gòu)造運(yùn)動)torecyclecarbon.Instead,acidicwater(PH<7)mayhavetrappedCO2inrocks,causingtheatmospheretoslowlydisappear.Overtime,thisturnedMarsintothecold,drydesertweseetoday—rightaroundthesameperiodwhenlifewasfirststartingonEarth.AlthoughthemissiontobringMarssamplesbacktoEarthisdelayed,Curiositykeepsstudyingtheplanet’srocks.ThesideritediscoveryhelpsexplainMars’uniquecarboncycle,whichweakenedastheplanetcooled.Whileit’sstillunclearwhetherthispreventedlife,thefindingsprovidecriticalinsightsintoMars’history.12.WhatisthesignificanceofthesideritediscoveryonMars?A.Itexploresitsvolcanichistory.B.Itprovesitoncehadliquidwater.C.Itsuggestsitcouldhavesupportedlife.DItshowshowitsmineralsformedrecently.13.Whatdoesthediscoveryofmagnesiumsulfateexplain?A.Whycarbonatesescapeddetection.B.Wherepotentiallifemightemerge.第8頁/共22頁C.HowwaterdisappearedfromMars.D.WhentheRedPlanetbecamewarm.14.WhywasMarsunabletomaintainitscarboncycle?A.Ittrappedtoomuchwater.B.Itstemperaturewasunstable.C.Itsatmospherewastoothick.D.Itlackedearthlikeplatetectonics.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRedPlanet’sChangeintoDesertB.TheOngoingClimateChangeofMarsC.Curiosity’sNewBreakthroughD.FromHiddenCarbonCycletoMars’Past【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了“好奇號”探測器在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)了菱鐵礦，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)揭示了火星過去可能存在碳循環(huán)，為火星可能曾支持生命提供了重要線索，并探討了火星碳循環(huán)不穩(wěn)定的原因?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Curiosity,therover(探測器)hasfoundstrongevidencethatMarsoncehadacarboncycle—aprocesscrucialforsustaininglife.(過碳循環(huán)——這是維持生命的關(guān)鍵過程。)”以及“Thediscovery,publishedinScienceonApril17,makesscientistshopefulthatfutureMarssamplesmightshowsignsofpastlife.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)表在4月17日的《科學(xué)》雜志上，讓科學(xué)家們對未來的火星樣本可能顯示出過去生命的跡象充滿希望。)”可知，菱鐵礦的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明火星可能曾經(jīng)存在碳循環(huán)，這是維持生命的關(guān)鍵過程，因此這一發(fā)現(xiàn)暗示火星可能曾經(jīng)支持過生命存在。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Recenttestsfoundnotjustsideritebutalsomagnesiumsulfatesalts(鎂硫酸鹽),whichmayhavehiddenthecarbonatesfromsatellites.(最近的測試不僅發(fā)現(xiàn)了菱鐵礦，還發(fā)現(xiàn)了硫酸鎂鹽，這些鹽可能隱藏了碳酸鹽，使其未被衛(wèi)星探測到。)”可知，硫酸鎂鹽的發(fā)現(xiàn)解釋了為什么碳酸鹽沒有被衛(wèi)星探測到。故選A項?！?4題詳解】However,Mars’carboncycleappearstohavebeenunstable.UnlikeEarth,Marshasnoplatetectonics(板塊構(gòu)造運(yùn)動)torecyclecarbon.(第9頁/共22頁有板塊構(gòu)造運(yùn)動來循環(huán)碳。)”可知，火星無法維持其碳循環(huán)是因為它缺乏像地球那樣的板塊構(gòu)造運(yùn)動。故選D項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)第一段中“Curiosity,therover(探測器)hasfoundstrongevidencethatMarsoncehadacarboncycle—aprocesscrucialforsustaininglife.(“好奇號”探測器發(fā)現(xiàn)了強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)，表明火星曾經(jīng)有過碳循環(huán)——這是維持生命的關(guān)鍵過程。)”以及最后一段中“ThesideritediscoveryhelpsexplainMars’uniquecarboncycle,whichweakenedastheplanetcooled.(菱鐵礦的發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于解釋火星獨(dú)特的碳循環(huán)，這一循環(huán)隨著火星的冷卻而減弱。)”可知，文章主要介紹了“好奇號”探測器在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)了菱鐵礦，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)揭示了火星過去可能存在碳循環(huán)，為火星可能曾支持生命提供了重要線索，并探討了火星D項“FromHiddenCarbonCycletoMars’Past(從隱藏的碳循環(huán)到火星的過去)”最符合文章主旨，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選D項。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)Appearanceanxietymeansworryingtoomuchabouthowyoulook,whichisespeciallymonamongteenagers.____16____Forexample,spendinghourscheckingcarefullyeditedselfiesonsocialmediaorparingyourappearancewithothersoftenleadstonegativethoughts.Suchconstantworriesnotonlydamageselfconfidencebutmayalsoleadtoavoidingsocialsituationslikeschooleventsorgroupactivities.Fortunately,therearewaystohandlethesefeelings.Thefirststepistopracticekindnesstowardyourself.Insteadofthinking“Myhairlooksmessy,”trysaying“Myhairprotectsmefromthesun.”____17____Also,writingdownthreethingsyourbodyhelpsyoudodaily(like“Myarmsletmehugmyfriends”)alsobuildslastingconfidence.Creativeactivitiesandsportshealthywaystoshiftfocus.____18____Also,teamsportslikebasketballteachplayerstovalueskillsoverappearance,with72%ofplayersclaimingteamworkmakesthemvalueabilityoverappearance.Eveneasyactivitieslikewalkingcancalmyourmindbyproducingstressrelievingchemicals.____19____Choosefriendswhoavoidmentsonlooksandjoinschoolclubsthatweleeveryone.Adultsliketeacherscanteachhelpfultricks,likeusingappstorecordfeelingsorwaystostaypositive.Cuttingdowntimeonappsthatmakeyoupareyourselfisanothersmartmove.Remember,truebeautyisn’taboutbeingperfectphysically.____20____Whenwecaremoreaboutbeingkindandbravethanlookingacertainway,westartseeingrealbeautyinwhopeopleare,notjusthowtheyappear.第10頁/共22頁A.LimityourInternetexposure.B.totrustedpeopleforhelp.C.Socialparisonisthemajorcause.D.Regularexerciseimprovesphysicalhealth.E.Suchchangesboosthowyouviewyourself.F.Itisaboutthespecialthingsthatmakeyou“you”.G.Paintinghelpsfocusoncreativityratherthanlooks.【答案】16.C17.E18.G19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了如何應(yīng)對外貌焦慮的方法，包括自我關(guān)懷、參與創(chuàng)造性活動和運(yùn)動、尋求信任的人幫助以及認(rèn)識到真正的美在于內(nèi)在特質(zhì)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Appearanceanxietymeansworryingtoomuchabouthowyoulook,whichisespeciallymonamongteenagers.(外貌焦慮指的是過度擔(dān)心自己的外表，這種情況在青少年中尤為常見。)”以及下文“Forexample,spendinghourscheckingcarefullyeditedselfiesonsocialmediaorparingyourappearancewithothersoftenleadstonegativethoughts.(例如，花幾個小時在社交媒體上查看精心編輯的自拍照，或者將自己的外表與他人進(jìn)行比較，往往會導(dǎo)致消極的想法。)”可知，上文說明了外貌焦慮的成因，下文具體舉例說明了原因，即與他人進(jìn)行比較，C選項“Socialparisonisthemajorcause.(社會比較是主要原因。)”承上啟下，且其中“Socialparison”與下文“paringyourappearancewithothers”相呼應(yīng)。故選C項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thefirststepistopracticekindnesstowardyourself.Insteadofthinking“Myhairlooksmessy,”trysaying“Myhairprotectsmefromthesun.”(第一步是對自己友善。不要想“我的頭發(fā)看起來很亂”，試著說“我的頭發(fā)保護(hù)我免受陽光的傷害?！?”以及下文“Also,writingdownthreethingsyourbodyhelpsyoudodaily(like“Myarmsletmehugmyfriends”)alsobuildslastingconfidence.(此外，寫下你的身體每天幫你做的三件事（比如“我的手臂讓我能擁抱朋友”）也能建立持久的自信。)”可知，此處應(yīng)說明這種思維轉(zhuǎn)變的作用，E選項“Suchchangesboosthowyouviewyourself.(這樣的改變會提升你對自己的看法。)”，中的“Suchchangesboosthowyouviewyourself”與下文“buildslastingconfidence”相呼應(yīng)。故選E項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Creativeactivitiesandsportshealthywaystoshiftfocus.(創(chuàng)造性活動和運(yùn)動提供了轉(zhuǎn)移注意第11頁/共22頁力的健康方式。)”以及下文“Also,teamsportslikebasketballteachplayerstovalueskillsoverappearance,with72%ofplayersclaimingteamworkmakesthemvalueabilityoverappearance.(此外，像籃球這樣的團(tuán)隊運(yùn)動教會運(yùn)動員重視技能而非外表，72%的運(yùn)動員表示團(tuán)隊合作讓他們更重視能力而非外表。)”可知，上文提出G選項“Paintinghelpsfocusoncreativityratherthanlooks.(繪畫有助于關(guān)注創(chuàng)造力而非外表。)”，舉例說明了創(chuàng)造性活動的作用，與上下文構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系。故選G項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Choosefriendswhoavoidmentsonlooksandjoinschoolclubsthatweleeveryone.Adultsliketeacherscanteachhelpfultricks,likeusingappstorecordfeelingsorwaystostaypositive.Cuttingdowntimeonappsthatmakeyoupareyourselfisanothersmartmove.(選擇那些避免評論外表的朋友，加入歡迎每個人的學(xué)校俱樂部。像老師這樣的成年人可以教一些有用的技巧，比如使用應(yīng)用程序記錄感受或保持積極的方法。減少花在那些讓你與人攀比的應(yīng)用程序上的時間是另一個明智之舉。)”可知，本段主要講的是向信任的人求助、選擇合適的社交圈以及減少不良信息影響等，B選項“totrustedpeopleforhelp.(向信任的人尋求幫助。)”，概括了段落中關(guān)于朋友和老師的建議，可作為段落主旨句。故選B項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Remember,truebeautyisn’taboutbeingperfectphysically.(記住，真正的美不在于外表的完美。)”以及下文“Whenwecaremoreaboutbeingkindandbravethanlookingacertainway,westartseeingrealbeautyinwhopeopleare,notjusthowtheyappear.(當(dāng)我們更關(guān)心善良和勇敢，而不是外表時，我們開始看到人們真正的美麗，而不僅僅是他們的外表。)”可知，上文提出真正的美不在于外表的完美，下文進(jìn)一步說明真正的美在于內(nèi)在特質(zhì)，F(xiàn)選項“Itisaboutthespecialthingsthatmakeyou“you”.(它是關(guān)于那些讓你成為“你”的特殊品質(zhì)。)”，承接上文，說明真正的美在于個人獨(dú)特的內(nèi)在特質(zhì)，且與下文“beingkindandbrave”等內(nèi)在品質(zhì)相呼應(yīng)，與上下文構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選F項。第二部分語言運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題每小題1分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iclickedthebluelink:Signuphere.IhadrunaflathalfmarathonwhenIwasthirtyeight.ButIwasturningfifty.As____21____asrunning13.1milesseemed,Iwasgoingtodoit.Ihadimagineda____22____somewhereinsunnyCalifornia.Myjawdroppedinhorrorwhentheracewebsiteopened.Iwas____23____withthewords,“Zionatnight,halfmarathoninthedarkness.”InmountainousZioninthedark?No!ittoolatetoquit?第12頁/共22頁Myheart____24____whenIsawrunnerswithheadlampsandtrailshoesfilledthescreen.Idon’trunuphills.Iclickedontothenext____25____andlookedatthehappyrunnerscruisingalongsideaterrifyinglookingIamalsoafraidof____26____.ButgivingupbeforeIevenstartedseemedlikeaterriblychickenthingtodo.Themorningoftherace,I____27____myheadlampandwalkedtothestartlinewithmyfriends.startedtogether,butI____28____quickly.Icouldn’tseeanythinganddidn’twantto____29____fallingontherockyroad.One____30____infrontoftheother.Mynerveswerequietedbythesilenceanddark.AsInearedtheend,thesunbegantorise,andrunnersgatheredatthescenicdropofftotakephotos.Itookalookfromadistance,____31____myfearofheightsandmydesiretosee.WhenI____32____tookafewstepscloser,abreathtakingscenecameintofullIwasoverebyanemotion:____33____.Onmywayback,Iheardanolderrunnersayitwashisseventysixthbirthday.It____34____mehardinthechest.SowhatifIwasfifty?thatonerace,I____35____myideaofwhatIamcapableof.Thepossibilitiesareendless.21.A.appealingB.excitingC.promisingD.demanding22.A.beachB.courseC.forestD.slope23.A.greetedB.impressedC.satisfiedD.confused24.A.recoveredB.achedC.sankD.burned25.A.stageB.fieldC.trailD.photo26.A.darknessB.heightsC.failureD.crowds27.A.securedB.decoratedC.repairedD.polished28.A.putawayB.gaveawayC.fellbackD.broughtback29.A.delayB.avoidC.riskD.admit30.A.footB.bowC.breathD.hop31.A.acknowledgingB.balancingC.ignoringD.bining32.A.immediatelyB.suddenlyC.casuallyD.hesitantly33.A.frightB.curiosityC.joyD.ambition34.A.hitB.guidedC.pushedD.hurt35.A.reducedB.revisedC.rejectedD.redefined【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.C29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.A35.D【解析】第13頁/共22頁【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了即將五十歲的作者報名參加半程馬拉松，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)比賽是在夜晚的Zion服了恐懼，重新定義了自己能力的故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管跑13.1A.appealing吸引人的；B.exciting令人興奮的；C.promising有希望的；D.demandingButIwasturningfifty.”可知，作者即將50歲了，因此跑13.1英里是一項“有較高要求的”事情。故選D項?！?2題詳解】A.beachB.course賽道；C.forest森林；D.slopeIhadrunaflathalfmarathon”以及下文“somewhereinsunnyCalifornia”可知，作者參加的是馬拉松比賽，所以此處描述的是作者想象的在加利福尼亞的某個地方有一條“賽道”。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到第一個詞是“錫安之夜，黑暗中的半程馬拉松”。A.greeted映入眼簾，問候；B.impressed使留下深刻印象；C.satisfied使?jié)M意；D.confusedwhentheracewebsiteopened.”可知，網(wǎng)站打開后，首先看到的就是這些文字，greeted在此表示“映入眼簾”，符合語境。故選A項?！?4題詳解】A.recovered恢復(fù)；B.ached疼痛；C.sank下沉，沮喪；D.burned燃燒。根據(jù)上文“InmountainousZioninthedark?No!ittoolatetoquit?”可知，作者對比賽的地點感到恐懼，所以此處表示的是當(dāng)作者看到屏幕上滿是戴著頭燈和穿著越野鞋的跑步者時，心里會感到“沮喪”。故選C項?！?5題詳解】A.stage舞臺；B.field領(lǐng)域；C.trail小徑；D.photoIclickedontothenext”以及下文“l(fā)ookedatthehappyrunnerscruisingalongsideaterrifyinglookingcliff”可知，此處描述的是作者瀏覽網(wǎng)站上的照片，所以此處指的是作者點擊下一張“照片”，符合語境。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我也恐高。A.darkness黑暗；B.heights高度；C.failure失??；D.crowds人群。根據(jù)上文“alongsideaterrifyinglookingcliff”以及下文“myfearofheightsandmydesiretosee.”第14頁/共22頁可知，作者恐“高”。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：比賽那天早上，我固定好頭燈，和朋友們一起走到起跑線。A.secured固定；B.decorated裝飾；C.repaired修理；D.polished擦亮。根據(jù)上文“Myheart____4____whenIsawrunnerswithheadlampsandtrailshoesfilledthescreen.”以及下文“walkedtothestartlinewithmyfriends加比賽，所以作者也像其他人一樣，把頭燈“固定”在頭上，和朋友們一起走到起跑線。故選A項?！?8題詳解】A.putawayB.gaveaway贈送；C.fellback落后；D.broughtback帶回。根據(jù)下文“Icouldn’tseeanythinganddidn’twantto____9____fallingontherockyroad.”可知，作者在比賽中因看不清路而“落在了后面”。故選C項?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我什么也看不見，不想冒在巖石路上摔倒風(fēng)險。A.delay延遲；B.avoid避免；C.risk冒險；D.admit承認(rèn)。根據(jù)上文“Icouldn’tseeanything”以及下文“fallingontherockyroad”可知，作者看不到路，所以此處表示的是作者不想“冒險”在布滿巖石的路上摔倒。故選C項?！?0題詳解】A.footB.bowC.breathD.hop單腳跳行。根據(jù)上文“Icouldn’tseeanythinganddidn’twantto____9____fallingontherockyroad.”以及下文“Mynerveswerequietedbythesilenceanddark.心翼翼地“一步一步”地跑。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我在恐高和想看風(fēng)景之間做著權(quán)衡。A.acknowledging承認(rèn)；B.balancing平衡，權(quán)衡；C.ignoring忽視；D.bining結(jié)合。根據(jù)上文“AsInearedtheend,thesunbegantorise,andrunnersgatheredatthescenicdropofftotakephotos.Itookalookfromadistance.”可知，作者恐高，但又想看看風(fēng)景，所以是在兩者之間“權(quán)衡”。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我猶豫地走近幾步時，一幅令人驚嘆的景象映入眼簾。A.immediately立即；B.suddenly突然；C.casually隨意地；D.hesitantlymyfearofheightsandmydesiretosee.”以及下文“abreathtakingscenecameintofullview”可知，作者恐高，但又想看看風(fēng)景，所以此處表示的是作者“猶豫地”走近了幾步。故選D項?！?3題詳解】第15頁/共22頁考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我被一種情緒所征服：喜悅。A.fright恐懼；B.curiosity好奇心；C.joy喜悅；D.ambition雄心。根據(jù)上文“abreathtakingscenecameintofullview”可知，作者看到了令人驚嘆的景象，內(nèi)心應(yīng)該是感到“喜悅的”。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這話深深觸動了我的心。A.hit擊中，觸動；B.guided指導(dǎo)；C.pushed推；D.hurtIheardanolderrunnersayitwashisseventysixthbirthday.”以及下文“SowhatifIwasfifty?76故選A項。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：通過那場比賽，我重新定義了自己能力的概念。A.reduced減少；B.revised修改；C.rejected拒絕；D.redefined重新定義。根據(jù)下文“Thepossibilitiesareendless.”可知，作者認(rèn)為可能性是無限的，完成了原本覺得很有難度的比賽，對自己的能力有了新的認(rèn)識，即“重新定義”了自己的能力。故選D項。第二節(jié)共小題每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AnaCarolinaPalazzogrewupinruralBrazil,whereherearlyexposuretoagriculturesparkedalifelongpassiontofurtherexplore____36____subject,andasignificantchapterinherjourneywasherexperienceinChina.Startinginearly2023,AnaspentsevenmonthsstudyinginChina.Duringfieldtrips,shewasdeeplyimpressedbyChina’s____37____(agriculture)innovation.Inalocalvillage,she