2025PETS二級(jí)考試試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全英語應(yīng)用考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項(xiàng)選擇要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每個(gè)句子，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最符合句子意思的選項(xiàng)。每題只有一個(gè)正確答案，請將答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。1.TheIoTdevicewascompromisedbecauseit______outdatedsecuritypatches.a)didn'tapplyb)appliedc)wastestingd)wasreviewing2.A______attackoccurswhenanattackersendsafloodoftraffictooverwhelmanetworkorserver.a)DDoSb)phishingc)malwared)man-in-the-middle3.EncryptionisacrucialaspectofIoTsecuritybecauseit______sensitivedataduringtransmission.a)hidesb)compressesc)protectsd)shares4.______isasecurityprotocolusedtoestablishsecurecommunicationbetweenIoTdevices.a)SSL/TLSb)HTTPc)FTPd)SMTP5.InIoT,______referstotheunauthorizedaccesstoadeviceornetwork.a)dataintegrityb)authenticationc)authorizationd)intrusion6.A______isasoftwareprogramdesignedtoinfiltrateanddamageIoTdevicesornetworks.a)firewallb)antivirusc)malwared)intrusiondetectionsystem7.______istheprocessofverifyingtheidentityofauserordevicetryingtoaccessanetwork.a)encryptionb)decryptionc)authenticationd)authorization8.______isasecuritymeasurethatrestrictsaccesstocertainresourcesbasedonuserpermissions.a)encryptionb)decryptionc)authorizationd)authentication9.The______protocoliscommonlyusedforsecuringwirelesscommunicationsinIoTdevices.a)SSHb)WPA2c)FTPd)TLS10.A______isaphysicaldevicethatcanbetamperedwithtogainunauthorizedaccesstoanIoTsystem.a)firewallb)malwarec)man-in-the-middled)physicalattackvector二、完形填空要求：閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填寫空白處，使短文意思完整。每空只填一詞。TherapidgrowthofIoTdeviceshasbroughtnumerousbenefits,butithasalsointroducedsignificantsecuritychallenges.Withoutpropersecuritymeasures,thesedevicescanbeexploitedbymaliciousactors.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsisthelackof______(11)inmanyIoTdevices.Manufacturersoftenprioritizefunctionalityandcostoversecurity,resultingindeviceswithweakpasswordsornoencryption.Thismakesthemvulnerableto______(12)attacks,whereattackerscaneasilygainaccesstosensitivedataorcontroloverthedevice.Tomitigatetheserisks,itisessentialtoimplementstrong______(13)mechanisms,suchastwo-factorauthentication,toensurethatonlyauthorizeduserscanaccessthedevices.Additionally,regularupdatesandpatchesshouldbeappliedto______(14)knownvulnerabilities.Encryptionisanothercriticalsecuritymeasurethatcanprotectdatabothintransitandatrest.Byusingprotocolslike______(15),IoTdevicescanestablishsecurecommunicationchannels,safeguardingagainsteavesdroppinganddatatampering.Inconclusion,addressingIoTsecurityrequiresa______(16)approachthatcombinestechnicalsolutionswithusereducationandawareness.OnlythencanwefullyharnessthepotentialofIoTwhileminimizingtheassociatedrisks.三、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。每題只有一個(gè)最佳答案，請將答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasrevolutionizedthewayweinteractwithtechnology,connectingeverydaydevicestotheinternetandenablingseamlesscommunication.However,thisinterconnectednessalsopresentssignificantsecuritychallenges.OneofthemostpressingissuesisthelackofstandardsecurityprotocolsacrossdifferentIoTdevices.Manufacturersoftenuseproprietarysoftwareandhardware,makingitdifficulttoimplementconsistentsecuritymeasures.Thislackofuniformityleavesmanydevicesvulnerabletoattacks.Forinstance,asinglecompromiseddevicecanpotentiallybreachtheentirenetwork,leadingtodatatheftorunauthorizedaccess.Toaddressthis,industrystakeholdersneedtocollaborateandestablishcommonsecuritystandards.Thesestandardsshouldincludemandatoryencryption,regularsecurityupdates,androbustauthenticationmechanisms.Additionally,usersshouldbeeducatedabouttheimportanceofsecuringtheirIoTdevices.Simplemeasureslikechangingdefaultpasswordsandenablingtwo-factorauthenticationcanmakeasignificantdifference.Intheend,ensuringthesecurityofIoTdevicesrequiresacollectiveeffortfrommanufacturers,users,andpolicymakers.OnlythroughthiscollaborativeapproachcanwecreateasaferandmorereliableIoTecosystem.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?a)TohighlightthebenefitsofIoTdevices.b)TodiscussthesecuritychallengesofIoTdevices.c)TopromotetheuseofIoTdevicesinhomes.d)TocriticizethelackofsecurityinIoTdevices.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneoftheprimaryconcernswithIoTdevices?a)Theirhighcost.b)Theirlackoffunctionality.c)Theirvulnerabilitytoattacks.d)Theircomplexityinuse.3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestasasolutiontothelackofstandardsecurityprotocols?a)Implementingproprietarysoftware.b)Encouraginguserstousemoredevices.c)Establishingcommonsecuritystandards.d)ReducingthenumberofIoTdevices.4.HowcanusersimprovethesecurityoftheirIoTdevices?a)Byusingdefaultpasswords.b)Bydisablingtwo-factorauthentication.c)Bychangingdefaultpasswordsandenablingtwo-factorauthentication.d)Byignoringsecurityupdates.5.Whatistheauthor'smainmessageaboutthesecurityofIoTdevices?a)IoTdevicesareinherentlyunsafeandshouldnotbeused.b)Securityistheresponsibilityofmanufacturersonly.c)Securityrequiresacollectiveeffortfromallstakeholders.d)Usersdonotneedtoworryaboutthesecurityoftheirdevices.四、翻譯要求：將下列短文翻譯成英語。隨著物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，越來越多的設(shè)備被連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，這為我們帶來了便利，但也帶來了新的安全挑戰(zhàn)。為了確保物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的安全，我們需要采取一系列措施，包括加強(qiáng)設(shè)備自身的安全防護(hù)、建立安全的通信協(xié)議以及提高用戶的安全意識(shí)。只有這樣，我們才能在享受物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)帶來的便利的同時(shí)，確保我們的數(shù)據(jù)和個(gè)人信息的安全。三、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。每題只有一個(gè)最佳答案，請將答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasbecomeanintegralpartofmodernlife,connectingdevicesandenablingseamlesscommunication.However,thisinterconnectednessalsointroducesnewsecurityvulnerabilities.OneofthemostsignificantchallengesisthediversityofIoTdevicesandthelackofuniformsecuritystandards.Manufacturersoftenprioritizecostandspeedoversecurity,resultingindeviceswithweakencryptionandoutdatedsoftware.Thiscreatesaperfectstormforhackers,whocanexploitthesevulnerabilitiestogainunauthorizedaccesstonetworks.Forexample,acompromisedsmartthermostatcanleadtoafull-scalebreachofahomenetwork,potentiallyexposingsensitiveinformation.Tocombatthis,itisessentialtoimplementrobustsecuritymeasures.Thisincludesusingstrongencryptionprotocols,regularlyupdatingsoftware,andensuringthatdevicesundergorigoroussecuritytestingbeforedeployment.Additionally,usersshouldbeeducatedontheimportanceofsecuringtheirIoTdevices,suchaschangingdefaultpasswordsandenablingtwo-factorauthentication.Inconclusion,whileIoTdevicesoffernumerousbenefits,theirsecuritymustnotbeoverlooked.Bytakingproactivestepstosecurethesedevices,wecanenjoytheconvenienceofIoTwithoutcompromisingourprivacyandsafety.1.Whatistheprimaryfocusofthepassage?a)ThebenefitsofIoTdevices.b)ThesecuritychallengesofIoTdevices.c)ThepopularityofIoTdevicesinmodernlife.d)ThecostofIoTdevices.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonereasonwhyIoTdevicesarevulnerabletoattacks?a)Theyaretoocomplex.b)Theyarenotinterconnected.c)Manufacturersprioritizecostoversecurity.d)Theydonotuseencryption.3.WhatexampleisgiveninthepassagetoillustratetheconsequencesofacompromisedIoTdevice?a)Acompromisedsmartbulb.b)Acompromisedsmartthermostat.c)Acompromisedsmartfridge.d)Acompromisedsmartspeaker.4.WhatmeasuresaresuggestedinthepassagetoimproveIoTdevicesecurity?a)Usingweakencryptionandoutdatedsoftware.b)Regularlyupdatingsoftwareandusingstrongencryption.c)Disablingtwo-factorauthentication.d)Noteducatingusersonsecurity.5.Whatistheauthor'smainmessageaboutIoTsecurity?a)IoTdevicesarenotsecureandshouldnotbeused.b)Securityisonlytheresponsibilityofmanufacturers.c)Securityrequiresacollaborativeeffortfromallstakeholders.d)Usersdonotneedtotakeanysecuritymeasures.四、翻譯要求：將下列短文翻譯成英語.TherapidadvancementofIoTtechnologyhasledtoanincreasingnumberofdevicesbeingconnectedtotheinternet,bringingconveniencebutalsointroducingnewsecuritychallenges.ToensurethesecurityofIoTdevices,itisnecessarytoimplementaseriesofmeasures,includingenhancingthesecurityofthedevicesthemselves,establishingsecurecommunicationprotocols,andraisinguserawarenessaboutsecurity.OnlyinthiswaycanweenjoythebenefitsofIoTtechnologywhileensuringthesafetyofourdataandpersonalinformation.本次試卷答案如下一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.a)didn'tapply解析：句子意為“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備被入侵是因?yàn)樗鼪]有應(yīng)用最新的安全補(bǔ)丁”。選項(xiàng)a)"didn'tapply"（沒有應(yīng)用）符合句意，表示設(shè)備沒有安裝安全補(bǔ)丁，因此容易受到攻擊。2.a)DDoS解析：句子意為“DDoS攻擊是指攻擊者發(fā)送大量流量來使網(wǎng)絡(luò)或服務(wù)器癱瘓”。選項(xiàng)a)"DDoS"（分布式拒絕服務(wù)）是正確的，DDoS攻擊正是通過大量請求使目標(biāo)系統(tǒng)過載。3.c)protects解析：句子意為“加密是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全的關(guān)鍵方面，因?yàn)樗趥鬏斶^程中保護(hù)敏感數(shù)據(jù)”。選項(xiàng)c)"protects"（保護(hù)）符合句意，加密的作用就是保護(hù)數(shù)據(jù)不被竊取或篡改。4.a)SSL/TLS解析：句子意為“SSL/TLS是用于在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備之間建立安全通信的安全協(xié)議”。選項(xiàng)a)"SSL/TLS"（安全套接層/傳輸層安全）是正確的，這是常用的安全通信協(xié)議。5.d)intrusion解析：句子意為“在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中，未經(jīng)授權(quán)訪問設(shè)備或網(wǎng)絡(luò)被稱為入侵”。選項(xiàng)d)"intrusion"（入侵）符合句意，表示非法進(jìn)入。6.c)malware解析：句子意為“惡意軟件是設(shè)計(jì)用來入侵和破壞物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備或網(wǎng)絡(luò)的軟件程序”。選項(xiàng)c)"malware"（惡意軟件）是正確的，惡意軟件包括病毒、木馬等。7.c)authentication解析：句子意為“身份驗(yàn)證是驗(yàn)證嘗試訪問網(wǎng)絡(luò)的用戶或設(shè)備身份的過程”。選項(xiàng)c)"authentication"（身份驗(yàn)證）符合句意，表示確認(rèn)身份。8.c)authorization解析：句子意為“授權(quán)是一種安全措施，根據(jù)用戶權(quán)限限制對(duì)某些資源的訪問”。選項(xiàng)c)"authorization"（授權(quán)）符合句意，表示權(quán)限控制。9.b)WPA2解析：句子意為“WPA2協(xié)議通常用于保護(hù)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備中的無線通信”。選項(xiàng)b)"WPA2"（無線保護(hù)訪問2）是正確的，WPA2是常用的無線安全協(xié)議。10.d)physicalattackvector解析：句子意為“物理攻擊向量是一個(gè)可以被篡改以獲得對(duì)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)未經(jīng)授權(quán)訪問的物理設(shè)備”。選項(xiàng)d)"physicalattackvector"（物理攻擊向量）符合句意，表示物理上的攻擊途徑。二、完形填空11.security解析：句子意為“物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的快速增長帶來了許多好處，但也引入了重大的安全挑戰(zhàn)。如果沒有適當(dāng)?shù)陌踩胧?，這些設(shè)備可能會(huì)被惡意行為者利用”。這里需要填寫的是“缺乏”，即缺乏安全措施。12.unauthorized解析：句子意為“主要的關(guān)注點(diǎn)是許多物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備缺乏身份驗(yàn)證。制造商通常優(yōu)先考慮功能性和成本而不是安全性，導(dǎo)致設(shè)備具有弱密碼或沒有加密”。這里需要填寫的是“未經(jīng)授權(quán)”，表示非法訪問。13.authentication解析：句子意為“為了減輕這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，實(shí)施強(qiáng)大的身份驗(yàn)證機(jī)制至關(guān)重要，以確保只有授權(quán)用戶才能訪問設(shè)備”。這里需要填寫的是“身份驗(yàn)證”，表示確認(rèn)用戶身份。14.patch解析：句子意為“此外，應(yīng)定期應(yīng)用更新和補(bǔ)丁以修復(fù)已知漏洞”。這里需要填寫的是“補(bǔ)丁”，表示修復(fù)漏洞的程序。15.TLS解析：句子意為“加密是另一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的安全措施，可以保護(hù)傳輸中和靜態(tài)的數(shù)據(jù)。通過使用TLS協(xié)議，物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備可以建立安全的通信通道，防止竊聽和數(shù)據(jù)篡改”。這里需要填寫的是“傳輸層安全”，即TLS。16.comprehensive解析：句子意為“總之，解決物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全問題需要綜合的方法，將技術(shù)解決方案與用戶教育和意識(shí)相結(jié)合。只有這樣，我們才能充分利用物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的潛力，同時(shí)最大限度地減少相關(guān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”。這里需要填寫的是“全面的”，表示全面的方法。三、閱讀理解1.b)TodiscussthesecuritychallengesofIoTdevices.解析：文章主要討論了物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的安全挑戰(zhàn)，因此選項(xiàng)b)“討論物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的安全挑戰(zhàn)”是正確的。2.