高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省肇慶市高要區(qū)2025屆高三第三次調(diào)研模擬測(cè)試英語(yǔ)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AOneplanet.Endlesspossibilities.LibertyTravelisbesideyoueverystepoftheway.Ourguidedtoursoffermemorableexperiences.Thesearejustafewofourfavorites.CanadaVacationPackagesFromTorontotoVancouver,Canada’scitiesofferdelicategardens,world-classmuseums,andmulticulturalcuisine.YouwillgetatasteofFrenchdishesontheEuropean-stylestreetswheretherearevariousdailyspecialstochoosefrom.AfricaVacationPackagesAfricapromisesnumerousculturalexperiences,andadiverserangeofwildlife.Whetherit’sseeingtheamazingEgyptianpyramids,asiteofculturalandhistoricalimportanceatsunriseordoingameetandgreetwithchimpanzeesinLiberia’sMonkeyIsland,adventureawaitsyouateveryturn.AntarcticaVacationPackagesAntarcticaistheworld’slastgreatwilderness.FollowapathsimilartoCaptainShackleton’storeachthisdistantcontinent.Thedaysarelong,andthesunmightnotsetatall.Viewplentyofseaanimals—whales,seals,penguins.LibertyTravelpromisesperfectexperiencesaboardshipsforyourAntarcticatrip.CentralAmericaVacationPackagesRainforestsandMayanruins;Pacificbeacheswithcoralreefs—thisisCentralAmerica.Bysea,viewwhalesandturtles;byland,watchforsloths(樹(shù)獺)andmonkeys.PanamahasthePanamaCanal,agreatwonderbuiltbypeopleaswellasanimportantrouteconnectingtwooceans.Takeboattourstoseebigshipsbeingliftedandloweredthroughthecanal’slocks.LibertyTravelcantakeyouthere.1.Whichdestinationsuitsatravelerwhoprefersvariousfood?A.AfricaVacationPackages B.CanadaVacationPackagesC.AntarcticaVacationPackages D.CentralAmericaVacationPackages2.WhatisuniquetoCentralAmericaPackages?A.Seatrips. B.Seaanimals. C.Historicalsites. D.Aman-madewaterway.3.Whattypeoftextisit?A.Atravelplan. B.Anewsreport. C.Atravelbrochure. D.Ajourneyreview.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章以推廣LibertyTravel的度假套餐為核心，分地區(qū)介紹目的地特色，語(yǔ)言具宣傳性和吸引力?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CanadaVacationPackages段落中“FromTorontotoVancouver,Canada’scitiesofferdelicategardens,world-classmuseums,andmulticulturalcuisine.YouwillgetatasteofFrenchdishesontheEuropean-stylestreetswheretherearevariousdailyspecialstochoosefrom.(從多倫多到溫哥華，加拿大的城市提供精致的花園、世界級(jí)的博物館和多元文化的美食。你將在歐洲風(fēng)格的街道上品嘗到法國(guó)菜，那里有各種各樣的日常特色菜可供選擇)”可知，加拿大度假套餐提到了多元文化美食和多種特色菜肴，符合“偏愛(ài)多樣美食”的旅行者需求。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CentralAmericaVacationPackages段落中“PanamahasthePanamaCanal,agreatwonderbuiltbypeopleaswellasanimportantrouteconnectingtwooceans.(巴拿馬有巴拿馬運(yùn)河，這是人類(lèi)建造的偉大奇跡，也是連接兩大洋的重要航線)”以及和其他套餐可知，中美洲套餐的獨(dú)特之處在于提到了巴拿馬運(yùn)河這一人工水道。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，全文以推廣旅游套餐為目的，分地區(qū)介紹了不同目的地的特色體驗(yàn)，如“LibertyTravelisbesideyoueverystepoftheway.Ourguidedtoursoffermemorableexperiences.(LibertyTravel全程陪伴你。我們的導(dǎo)游提供難忘的體驗(yàn))”，且本文語(yǔ)言具有宣傳性和吸引力，符合“旅游宣傳冊(cè)”的特征。故選C項(xiàng)。B“WhathaveIgottenmyselfinto?”IwonderedasIsatthrougharesearchmeetingconductedentirelyinPolish,unabletoevenreadthetitleonthescreen.HavingonlybasicPolishlanguageskills,Ifoundmyexperimentincross-culturalcooperationmorechallengingthanIhadexpected.Theideaofspendingtimeabroadhadn’toccurredtomeuntilmyadvisorsuggesteditduringmyfirstyear.Withhissupport,IenjoyedaremarkablesummerinalaboratoryinJapan,whichleftmewantingmore.So,IappliedforaFulbrightfellowshipinPoland.Toreceivethefellowship,Ifirsthadtofindalabtohostme,andneitherInormyadvisorhadanyconnectionstoPoland.RelyingonGoogletotranslatelabwebsites,Ibegantosendcoldemails.Whenmyeventualhostresponded,eagertocollaborate,Iwasthrilled.Isuddenlyfeltthepossibilitiesformyresearchcareerwereendlessandglobal.IwasthefirstvisitingscholarmyresearchgrouphadhostedfromtheUnitedStates,andmyPolishcolleagueswerecuriousaboutwhatbroughtmetotheircountry.Thisledtomanyfruitfuldiscussionsaboutthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinhowscienceisconductedacrosscultures.Forexample,muchofthefundinginPolandisawardedtoteamsratherthanindividuals.Thesystempromotescross-disciplinary(跨學(xué)科的)cooperationsacrossthecountry,whichinturnshapeshowscientistsdesignandcarryoutstudies.IlearnedasmuchaboutthehistoryandcultureinCentralandEasternEuropeasIdidscientifically.ColleaguesrelatedfirsthandaccountsaboutchallengestheregionfacedduringtheColdWar.Manylaboratorieshadlimitedresources,andtheyrarelypublishedtheirresearchinEnglish.Thoseconditionshelpedshaperesearchonantimicrobialtreatmentintobacteriophageandantibiotics,andPolandremainleadersintheformertothisday.Myculturalimmersionmademeabetterresearcher.Inowseecross-culturalcooperationsasawaytoovercomecommunicationbarriersthatcanblockprogressinscience.Bysteppingoutsidemycomfortzone,IgainedtheconfidencetonavigatemyresearchinnewdirectionsthatImighthaveotherwiseboxedmyselfoutof.4.WhydidtheauthorapplyforfellowshipinPoland?A.TopracticePolishandlearnitsculture. B.Tohaveanotherrewardingexperience.C.Tofollowtheadvisor’ssuggestion. D.TocontinuetheresearchstartedinJapan.5.HowdidtheauthorbenefitfromtheexperienceinPolland?A.HebecameanexpertinColdWarhistory.B.Hehadaccesstocross-disciplinarycooperations.C.Hesecuredabundantfundingforfutureresearchprojects.D.Heobtainedscientificknowledgeandaglobalperspective.6.Whichwordsbestdescribetheauthor?A.Helpfulanddetermined. B.Cautiousandinnovative.C.Adventurousandinquisitive. D.Curiousandcompetitive.7.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutcross-culturalcooperations?A.Theyareessentialfortheadvancementofscience.B.Theymightboxresearchersoutofacertaindirection.C.Theyshouldprioritizelanguagetrainingoverresearch.D.Theyarevaluelessforcreativemindsinscientificfield.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在波蘭進(jìn)行跨文化合作研究的經(jīng)歷，包括申請(qǐng)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的過(guò)程、在波蘭的研究生活以及這段經(jīng)歷給他帶來(lái)的收獲。【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Withhissupport,IenjoyedaremarkablesummerinalaboratoryinJapan,whichleftmewantingmore.So,IappliedforaFulbrightfellowshipinPoland.(在他的支持下，我在日本的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室度過(guò)了一個(gè)非凡的夏天，這讓我渴望更多。所以，我申請(qǐng)了波蘭的富布賴(lài)特獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)”可知，作者申請(qǐng)波蘭獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金是為了獲得另一次有意義的經(jīng)歷。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“IlearnedasmuchaboutthehistoryandcultureinCentralandEasternEuropeasIdidscientifically.(我對(duì)中歐和東歐的歷史和文化的了解與我在科學(xué)方面的了解一樣多)”以及第六段“Myculturalimmersionmademeabetterresearcher.Inowseecross-culturalcooperationsasawaytoovercomecommunicationbarriersthatcanblockprogressinscience.(我的文化沉浸使我成為一名更好的研究者。我現(xiàn)在將跨文化合作視為克服阻礙科學(xué)進(jìn)步的溝通障礙的一種方式)”可知，作者在波蘭的經(jīng)歷讓他獲得了科學(xué)知識(shí)和全球視野。故選D。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Withhissupport,IenjoyedaremarkablesummerinalaboratoryinJapan,whichleftmewantingmore.So,IappliedforaFulbrightfellowshipinPoland.(在他的支持下，我在日本的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室度過(guò)了一個(gè)非凡的夏天，這讓我渴望更多。所以，我申請(qǐng)了波蘭的富布賴(lài)特獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金)”以及第三段“RelyingonGoogletotranslatelabwebsites,Ibegantosendcoldemails.Whenmyeventualhostresponded,eagertocollaborate,Iwasthrilled.(依靠谷歌翻譯實(shí)驗(yàn)室網(wǎng)站，我開(kāi)始發(fā)陌生郵件。當(dāng)我最終的接待方回復(fù)我，并且渴望合作時(shí)，我非常激動(dòng))”可知，作者在日本有了一次不錯(cuò)的經(jīng)歷后，即便在沒(méi)有與波蘭相關(guān)聯(lián)系，且自身波蘭語(yǔ)技能僅為基礎(chǔ)水平的情況下，仍大膽申請(qǐng)去波蘭的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，并主動(dòng)發(fā)郵件聯(lián)系實(shí)驗(yàn)室，這體現(xiàn)了他的冒險(xiǎn)精神（Adventurous），敢于走出舒適區(qū)去嘗試新的經(jīng)歷。再根據(jù)第四段“IwasthefirstvisitingscholarmyresearchgrouphadhostedfromtheUnitedStates,andmyPolishcolleagueswerecuriousaboutwhatbroughtmetotheircountry.Thisledtomanyfruitfuldiscussionsaboutthesimilaritiesanddifferencesinhowscienceisconductedacrosscultures.(我是我的研究小組接待的第一位來(lái)自美國(guó)的訪問(wèn)學(xué)者，我的波蘭同事們很好奇是什么把我?guī)У搅怂麄兊膰?guó)家。這引發(fā)了許多關(guān)于不同文化中科學(xué)研究方式的異同的富有成效的討論)”和第五段“ColleaguesrelatedfirsthandaccountsaboutchallengestheregionfacedduringtheColdWar.Manylaboratorieshadlimitedresources,andtheyrarelypublishedtheirresearchinEnglish.Thoseconditionshelpedshaperesearchonantimicrobialtreatmentintobacteriophageandantibiotics,andPolandremainleadersintheformertothisday.(同事們講述了該地區(qū)在冷戰(zhàn)期間面臨的挑戰(zhàn)的第一手資料。許多實(shí)驗(yàn)室資源有限，而且他們很少用英語(yǔ)發(fā)表研究成果。這些條件促成了對(duì)噬菌體和抗生素的抗菌治療的研究，并且波蘭在前者方面至今仍處于領(lǐng)先地位)”可知，作者積極參與和同事們的討論，了解當(dāng)?shù)乜茖W(xué)研究的情況以及地區(qū)歷史等內(nèi)容，展現(xiàn)出他強(qiáng)烈的求知欲（inquisitive），對(duì)新的知識(shí)和文化充滿(mǎn)好奇并主動(dòng)去探索。所以選項(xiàng)C（有冒險(xiǎn)精神和求知欲的）最能描述作者，故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“Inowseecross-culturalcooperationsasawaytoovercomecommunicationbarriersthatcanblockprogressinscience.(我現(xiàn)在將跨文化合作視為克服阻礙科學(xué)進(jìn)步的溝通障礙的一種方式)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為跨文化合作對(duì)科學(xué)的進(jìn)步是至關(guān)重要的。故選A。CEducationaloptimistspredictthatAIwillsoonprovideamazingefficienciesandprogressinteachingandlearning.Butareefficiencyandmachinelogicwhatourstudentsneedmost?It’scertainlytruethatAIisawonderfulnewtooldramaticallytransforminghumanlife.AIisgettingfasterandbetteratspottingpatternsincomplicatedinformation.Thishelpsitguesswhatmighthappennext-likepredictingwhatacustomerwillbuy,thenextwordinasentence,asoundinspokenlanguage,ormanyothertasks.AIcananswerspecificcomplexquestionsorperformcomplexcalculationsatarateimpossibleforthehumanmindtocomprehend,letalonecompetewith.Itcanalsocreateimagesandspeecheswhichnotonlyimitaterealitybutsurpassittomeetprogrammedstandardsofexcellence.However,althoughthesemaybehelpfultoadultsseekingtoimproveproductivity,itisnecessarytofollowG.K.Chesterton’sadvicethatchildrenshouldnotbecontrolledbyeducationalprojectsandideaswithoutscientificproof.AllowingstudentstoavoidtraditionallearningmethodswithAIwillhaveuncertainandpotentiallyharmfulresults.Thesamecouldbetrueofeducators’dependenceonAIforstudentassessmentandlessonplanning.Ineducationatleast,itisquitepossiblethatAIwillworkagainstnaturalhumandevelopmentandprovidenotashortcuttohumanformationbutashortcircuit.DespiteAI’sinfluence,traditionallearningandwritingassignmentsarecrucialforpromotinglearningandcognitivedevelopment.Homework,similartomusicpractice,teachesdisciplineandskillsessentialforpersonalgrowthandfuturesuccess.Deceptive(欺騙性的)practicesharmgenuinelearning,spoilingstudents’competitivenessinanAI-dominatedjobmarket.RelianceonAI-generatedcontentweakenscriticalthinkingandcreativity,damagingstudents’intellectualgrowth.Moreover,itdevaluestheroleofteachersinguidingstudents’development.Incontrast,realengagementwithhomeworkcultivatesinvaluablehumanqualitiesessentialinanAI-drivenworld,ensuringstudents’competitiveadvantageandoveralldevelopment.8.WhichadvantageofAIisNOTmentionedinparagraph2?A.Creatingspeechesthatsurpassreality. B.SolvinglogicproblemsfasterthanhumansC.Predictingcustomers’potentialpurchases D.Recognizingpatternsincomplicateddata.9.WhydoestheauthorquoteG.K.Chesterton’sadvice?A.Toprovethattraditionallearningmethodsareoutdated.B.ToshowthatAIisnotthatadvancedformodemeducation.C.Toemphasizethatchildrenneedstrictdisciplineinlearning.D.Toargueagainstexposingchildrentoimmatureeducationalideas.10.Whatistheadvantageoftraditionallearningandwritingassignmentsaccordingtothetext?A.Theycanbeusedtoassessstudents’success. B.Theypromotestudents’musiccompetitiveness.C.Theycanhelpstudentsavoiddeceptivepractice. D.Theyarecrucialforstudents’overalldevelopment.11.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Abusinessreport. B.Asciencefictionnovel.C.Aneducationaljournal. D.Atechnologymagazine.【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章討論了人工智能（AI）在教育領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。一方面介紹了AI的諸多優(yōu)勢(shì)，另一方面強(qiáng)調(diào)在教育中過(guò)度依賴(lài)AI可能對(duì)學(xué)生產(chǎn)生的不利影響，指出傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)和寫(xiě)作任務(wù)對(duì)學(xué)生全面發(fā)展的重要性?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“It’scertainlytruethatAIisawonderfulnewtooldramaticallytransforminghumanlife.AIisgettingfasterandbetteratspottingpatternsincomplicatedinformation.Thishelpsitguesswhatmighthappennext-likepredictingwhatacustomerwillbuy,thenextwordinasentence,asoundinspokenlanguage,ormanyothertasks.AIcananswerspecificcomplexquestionsorperformcomplexcalculationsatarateimpossibleforthehumanmindtocomprehend,letalonecompetewith.Itcanalsocreateimagesandspeecheswhichnotonlyimitaterealitybutsurpassittomeetprogrammedstandardsofexcellence.(人工智能無(wú)疑是一種奇妙的新工具，正極大地改變著人類(lèi)生活，這一點(diǎn)千真萬(wàn)確。人工智能在識(shí)別復(fù)雜信息中的模式方面，速度越來(lái)越快，能力也越來(lái)越強(qiáng)。這有助于它猜測(cè)接下來(lái)可能發(fā)生的事情，比如預(yù)測(cè)顧客會(huì)購(gòu)買(mǎi)什么、句子中的下一個(gè)單詞、口語(yǔ)中的某個(gè)發(fā)音，或者完成許多其他任務(wù)。人工智能能夠以人類(lèi)思維難以理解、更無(wú)法企及的速度，回答特定的復(fù)雜問(wèn)題或進(jìn)行復(fù)雜計(jì)算。它還能創(chuàng)造出不僅模仿現(xiàn)實(shí)，而且超越現(xiàn)實(shí)，以達(dá)到預(yù)設(shè)卓越標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的圖像和演講)”可知，提到了AI能識(shí)別復(fù)雜數(shù)據(jù)中的模式（選項(xiàng)D）、預(yù)測(cè)客戶(hù)潛在購(gòu)買(mǎi)行為（選項(xiàng)C）、創(chuàng)造超越現(xiàn)實(shí)的演講（選項(xiàng)A）。而選項(xiàng)B“比人類(lèi)更快地解決邏輯問(wèn)題”在文中未提及。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However,althoughthesemaybehelpfultoadultsseekingtoimproveproductivity,itisnecessarytofollowG.K.Chesterton’sadvicethatchildrenshouldnotbecontrolledbyeducationalprojectsandideaswithoutscientificproof.(然而，盡管這些（人工智能的優(yōu)勢(shì)）可能對(duì)尋求提高生產(chǎn)力的成年人有所幫助，但有必要遵循G.K.切斯特頓的建議，即孩子們不應(yīng)受制于缺乏科學(xué)依據(jù)的教育項(xiàng)目和理念)”可知，作者引用G.K.Chesterton的建議，是為了反對(duì)讓孩子們接觸沒(méi)有科學(xué)依據(jù)、不成熟的教育理念，故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“DespiteAI’sinfluence,traditionallearningandwritingassignmentsarecrucialforpromotinglearningandcognitivedevelopment(盡管人工智能產(chǎn)生了影響，但傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)和寫(xiě)作作業(yè)對(duì)于促進(jìn)學(xué)習(xí)和認(rèn)知發(fā)展至關(guān)重要)”以及“Incontrast,realengagementwithhomeworkcultivatesinvaluablehumanqualitiesessentialinanAI-drivenworld,ensuringstudents’competitiveadvantageandoveralldevelopment.(相比之下，認(rèn)真完成家庭作業(yè)能培養(yǎng)在人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的世界中不可或缺的寶貴人類(lèi)品質(zhì)，確保學(xué)生具備競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)并實(shí)現(xiàn)全面發(fā)展)”可知，傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)和寫(xiě)作任務(wù)對(duì)學(xué)生的全面發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了人工智能（AI）在教育領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。一方面介紹了AI的諸多優(yōu)勢(shì)，另一方面強(qiáng)調(diào)在教育中過(guò)度依賴(lài)AI可能對(duì)學(xué)生產(chǎn)生的不利影響，指出傳統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)和寫(xiě)作任務(wù)對(duì)學(xué)生全面發(fā)展的重要性。文章與教育有關(guān)，所以短文來(lái)自教育期刊。故選C。DToday’sglobalizationdiscontentbeginswithHenryBessemer,whoseinventionin1858greatlyimprovedthequalityofsteelandsharplyreduceditsprice.PriortoBessemer,thecostofoverlandtransportwasprohibitive,becausethesteamenginesoftheearly19thcenturyweresoweakthattheyoccasionallyneededapushstart,andrailwayssupportedrelativelylittleweightandworeoutquickly.Untilthelate19thcentury,wheatorcattlefarmsmorethan30milesfromseaportscouldselltheirproduceonlylocally.WithindecadesofBessemer’sinvention,cheapgrainfromtheUSandaffordablemeatfromArgentinafloodedEuropeanmarkets.Wellintothe20thcentury,mostEuropeansworkedonfarmsandtheymistakenlyblamedforeigncompetitionfortheirsuffering.TheirprotestseventuallyledtotheSmoot-HawleyTariff(關(guān)稅)Act(SHTA)thatstartedaglobaltradewarthatlastedfordecades.Atthattime,theeconomicdamagefromSHTAturnedouttoberelativelysmall.Forexample,atthattime,internationaltradeaccountedforonly9percentofAmerica’sGDP.However,thelawprovedveryharmfulinthelongterm,bydamagingthepoliticalandmoralfoundationsofinternationaltradethatJohnStuartMillhaddescribedmorethanacenturyearlier:“Internationaltradefirsttaughtnationstoseewithgoodwillthewealthandprogressofoneanother.Beforethat,citizensandpoliticalleadersusuallywishedallcountriesweak,poor,andill-governedbuttheirown.Afterthat,theylearnedtoseeinothercountries’wealthandprogressadirectsourceofwealthandprogresstotheirowncountry.”AftertheSecondWorldWar,politicalleadersfinallyunderstoodtheimportanceofdismantling(拆除)thepreviousdecades’tariffwallsandsucceededinestablishingtoday’sglobalorderthatdrovetheworldwidetariffaverageofnearly30percentin1945downtoabout5percenttoday.Economichistorianshavelongknownthatfreeinternationaltradedoesnotliftallboats.Itsbenefitsmaynotbeequallyenjoyedbyall,butitscosts,asexperiencedbyEuropeanfarmersinthe19thcenturyandbyAmericanfactoryworkerstoday,areconcentratedandsevere.Evenso,thebroadbenefitsoffreetradefaroutweightheconcentratedharms.12.WhatisHenryBessemer’scontribution?A.HehasbuiltabetterrailwaynetworkB.Hehasinventedamorepowerfulsteamengine.C.Hehasdiscoveredamethodtocuttransportcosts.D.Hehasfoundawaytoproducecheaperbutbettersteel.13.WhatcanbelearnedaboutSHTA?A.IthelpedtheEuropeansalotinthelongrun B.Itmadepeoplearoundtheworldmoreselfish.C.ItimprovedAmericanfarmers’competitiveness. D.ItbroughtimmediateandhugelossestotheUS.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoloweredtariffs?A.Disapproving. B.Tolerant. C.Favorable. D.Ambiguous.15.Whatisaproblemoffreeinternationaltrade?A.Certainareasorindustriesmightbeseriouslyhit.B.Itsbenefitsareusuallyenjoyedbyfactoryworkers.C.Itscostscannotbeshiftedtothedevelopingcountries.D.Theconcentratedharmsmayoutweighitsbroadbenefits.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是議論文。作者認(rèn)為搞關(guān)稅壁壘、打貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)不會(huì)有贏家?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Today’sglobalizationdiscontentbeginswithHenryBessemer,whoseinventionin1858greatlyimprovedthequalityofsteelandsharplyreduceditsprice.(今天對(duì)全球化的不滿(mǎn)始于HenryBessemer，他在1858年的發(fā)明極大地提高了鋼鐵的質(zhì)量，并大幅降低了鋼鐵的價(jià)格)”可知，HenryBessemer的貢獻(xiàn)是他找到了一種生產(chǎn)更便宜但質(zhì)量更好的鋼鐵的方法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Beforethat,citizensandpoliticalleadersusuallywishedallcountriesweak,poor,andill-governedbuttheirown.Afterthat,theylearnedtoseeinothercountries’wealthandprogressadirectsourceofwealthandprogresstotheirowncountry.(在此之前，公民和政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人通常希望所有國(guó)家都軟弱、貧窮、治理不善，而不是自己的國(guó)家)”及上文內(nèi)容可知，SHTA讓全世界的人都變得更加自私。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“AftertheSecondWorldWar,politicalleadersfinallyunderstoodtheimportanceofdismantling(拆除)thepreviousdecades’tariffwallsandsucceededinestablishingtoday’sglobalorderthatdrovetheworldwidetariffaverageofnearly30percentin1945downtoabout5percenttoday.(第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后，政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人終于認(rèn)識(shí)到拆除前幾十年關(guān)稅壁壘的重要性，并成功地建立了今天的全球秩序，使1945年全球平均關(guān)稅近30%降至今天的5%左右)”可知，作者對(duì)降低關(guān)稅的態(tài)度是贊成的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Economichistorianshavelongknownthatfreeinternationaltradedoesnotliftallboats.Itsbenefitsmaynotbeequallyenjoyedbyall,butitscosts,asexperiencedbyEuropeanfarmersinthe19thcenturyandbyAmericanfactoryworkerstoday,areconcentratedandsevere.Evenso,thebroadbenefitsoffreetradefaroutweightheconcentratedharms.(經(jīng)濟(jì)歷史學(xué)家早就知道，自由的國(guó)際貿(mào)易并不能讓所有人受益。它的好處可能不是所有人都能平等享受，但正如19世紀(jì)歐洲農(nóng)民和今天美國(guó)工廠工人所經(jīng)歷的那樣，它的成本是集中而嚴(yán)重的。即便如此，自由貿(mào)易的廣泛好處遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于其集中危害)”可知，自由國(guó)際貿(mào)易的問(wèn)題是某些地區(qū)或行業(yè)可能受到嚴(yán)重打擊。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowToBeaBolder,MoreConfidentPersonWanttoboostyourself-confidence,feelmoreempowered,andtakechargeofyourlife?___16___Byembracingaboldmindset,youwillunlockgreaterconfidence,resilience,andcontroloveryourlife.Herearesomevaluabletipstohelpyoudiscoveryourpassionsandstrengths,whileovercomingyourfears.Stophesitatingandtakeactiontobuildyourself-confidence.Istheresomethingyou’vebeenwantingortryingtodo,butcan’tseemtogetthecourageup?___17___.Takingthefirstsmallsteptowardstryingsomethingnewcangiveyoutheenergytokeepgoing.Wheneveryou’refeelingunsureininteractionswithothers,swallowyourprideandmakethefirstmove!Dotheunexpectedandgetoutofyourcomfortzone.Doingsomethingnewandunexpectedmightmakeyoufeeluneasyorafraid.___18___.Instead,embracethenewnessofaskill,trustyourabilitytoadaptanddon’tbeafraidtobeyourself.Remember,takingarisklikelearninganewskillisn’tthesameasmakingimpulsive(沖動(dòng)的)decisions.Toavoidregrets,makechoicesandtakeactionsreflectingyourvalues.Pretendyou’realreadybold.Yourboldinspirationdoesn’thavetobereal.Youcouldeventhinkofacharacterfromamovieorbookwho’sdaringandbrave.Then,imaginetheirboldnessinyourlife.Ifyoualreadyknowsomeonebold,imaginehowthey’dact.Studiesshowyourmoodcanbeaffectedbyyourbehavior.___19______20___Whilethere’spowerintakingonsomethingnewortryingtogetwhatyouwant,there’salsothechanceyoumayfail.Embracethefailure.It’snottheoppositeofsuccess,it’sanecessarycomponent.Withouttheriskoffailure,youdon’thavetheopportunityforsuccess.Beingboldletsyouoxford,embrace,andtakechargeofyourlife.A.Acceptanyoutcome.B.Don’tgiveintothosefeelings!C.Takesmallstepstoreachyourgoals.D.Stopthinkingandactuallydosomething.E.“Fakeituntilyoumakeit”hassometruthtoit!F.Partofbeingboldinvolvesstayingcalmandfocused.G.Developingaboldpersonalityisaskillyoucanpractice.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.E20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了如何成為一個(gè)更大膽、更自信的人，并給出了一些實(shí)用的建議?！?6題詳析】上文“Wanttoboostyourself-confidence,feelmoreempowered,andtakechargeofyourlife?(想要增強(qiáng)自信，增強(qiáng)力量感，掌控自己的生活嗎？)”提出增強(qiáng)自信的問(wèn)題，下文“Byembracingaboldmindset,youwillunlockgreaterconfidence,resilience,andcontroloveryourlife.Herearesomevaluabletipstohelpyoudiscoveryourpassionsandstrengths,whileovercomingyourfears.(通過(guò)擁抱大膽的心態(tài)，你將獲得更大的自信、韌性和對(duì)生活的掌控力。這里有一些有價(jià)值的建議，可以幫助你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的激情和優(yōu)勢(shì)，同時(shí)克服恐懼)”說(shuō)明可以通過(guò)大膽的心態(tài)獲得自信，并提供了一些建議，G項(xiàng)“Developingaboldpersonalityisaskillyoucanpractice.(培養(yǎng)大膽的性格是一種你可以練習(xí)的技能)”承上啟下，說(shuō)明大膽的性格可以練習(xí)獲得，引出下文的建議。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Istheresomethingyou’vebeenwantingortryingtodo,butcan’tseemtogetthecourageup?(有什么事情是你一直想做或者嘗試做的，但是似乎沒(méi)有勇氣去做嗎？)”提出缺乏勇氣去做的事情，D項(xiàng)“Stopthinkingandactuallydosomething.(別想了，做點(diǎn)什么吧)”承接上文，建議不要空想，要行動(dòng)起來(lái)，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】上文“Doingsomethingnewandunexpectedmightmakeyoufeeluneasyorafraid.(做一些新的、意想不到的事情可能會(huì)讓你感到不安或害怕)”說(shuō)明做新的、意想不到的事情會(huì)讓人感到不安或害怕，下文“Instead,embracethenewnessofaskill,trustyourabilitytoadaptanddon’tbeafraidtobeyourself.(相反，要接受新技能的全新性，相信自己的適應(yīng)能力，不要害怕做自己)”建議接受新技能，相信自己的適應(yīng)能力，不要害怕做自己，B項(xiàng)“Don’tgiveintothosefeelings!(不要屈服于這些感覺(jué)！)”承上啟下，說(shuō)明不要屈服于不安或害怕的感覺(jué)，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】上文“Yourboldinspirationdoesn’thavetobereal.Youcouldeventhinkofacharacterfromamovieorbookwho’sdaringandbrave.Then,imaginetheirboldnessinyourlife.Ifyoualreadyknowsomeonebold,imaginehowthey’dact.Studiesshowyourmoodcanbeaffectedbyyourbehavior.(你大膽的靈感不一定是真實(shí)的。你甚至可以想到電影或書(shū)中一個(gè)大膽勇敢的角色。然后，想象一下他們?cè)谀愕纳钪械拇竽懕憩F(xiàn)。如果你已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)了一個(gè)大膽的人，想象一下他們會(huì)怎么做。研究表明，你的情緒會(huì)受到你的行為的影響)”建議通過(guò)想象大膽的人的行為來(lái)獲得大膽的靈感，且情緒會(huì)受行為影響，E項(xiàng)““Fakeituntilyoumakeit”hassometruthtoit!”(“裝作做到了，直到你真的做到了”是有一定道理的！)”承接上文，說(shuō)明可以通過(guò)行為來(lái)獲得大膽的靈感，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】下文“Whilethere’spowerintakingonsomethingnewortryingtogetwhatyouwant,there’salsothechanceyoumayfail.Embracethefailure.It’snottheoppositeofsuccess,it’sanecessarycomponent.Withouttheriskoffailure,youdon’thavetheopportunityforsuccess.(雖然承擔(dān)新事物或努力得到你想要的東西是有力量的，但你也有可能會(huì)失敗。擁抱失敗。失敗不是成功的對(duì)立面，而是成功的必要組成部分。沒(méi)有失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，你就沒(méi)有成功的機(jī)會(huì))”說(shuō)明要接受失敗，A項(xiàng)“Acceptanyoutcome.(接受任何結(jié)果)”符合題意，可作為小標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Itwasmid-February,andthemountainairremainedbitterlycold.Myten-year-oldwintercoathada____21____zipper,anddespitemyattemptstorepairit,itwasstillhardto____22____.Idecideditwasfinallytimetobuyanewcoat—thougheverydollar____23____thesedays.WhenIpulledintothestoreparkinglot,I____24____ahomelessmanandhisdogneartheentrance.Heheldacardboardsignaskingforhelp,butcarskeptdrivingpasthim.Outof____25____,Istopped,gavehimsomemoney,andthenwentinsideforanewcoat.AsIwasaboutto____26____,Isawthathewasstillthere.Idroveback,gotoutofmycar,and____27____him.HewasyoungerthanIhadexpected,withlonghairbut____28____eyes.Althoughhisclotheswere____29____,hisbehaviorwascalmandhopeful.Hisdoglooked_____30_____,too.Ihandedhimsomeextracashandofferedhimmyoldcoat,explainingthe_____31_____problem.Hesmiledgratefullyandsaidhewassuresomeonewould_____32_____it.WhenIaskediftherewasanythingelseheneeded,hesimplyreplied,“Prayers.”Ishookhishandandpromisedto_____33_____himinmythoughts.Fromthisencounter,Ilearnedthreelessons:evenin_____34_____,peoplecanremainkind;everyactofgenerositymatters;andweall_____35_____throughlifetowardthesamedestination.Itisbesttotravelwithacaringheart,apositiveattitude,andafriendlysmile.21.A.locked B.tightened C.broken D.opened22.A.fasten B.wear C.roll D.sew23.A.remained B.counted C.spoke D.helped24.A.heard B.left C.spotted D.hit25.A.confusion B.regret C.curiosity D.compassion26.A.enter B.pass C.flee D.leave27.A.approached B.invited C.comforted D.reached28.A.bright B.sunken C.watery D.narrowed29.A.worn B.thin C.rusty D.flat30.A.roughlymadeup B.illadaptedto C.fullyreliedon D.wellcaredfor31.A.money B.clothing C.zipper D.weather32.A.get B.give C.fix D.need33.A.remind B.remember C.relieve D.revive34.A.adulthood B.wilderness C.winter D.hardship35.A.run B.journey C.step D.drive【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D26.D27.A28.A29.A30.D31.C32.C33.B34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在買(mǎi)新外套的途中遇見(jiàn)一位流浪漢，給了他舊外套和一些現(xiàn)金，并承諾為他祈禱，并從中領(lǐng)悟到：困境中仍可保持善良，善舉不分大小，人生旅途終需以溫暖同行?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我那件穿了10年的冬季外套拉鏈壞了，盡管我試著去修，還是很難系上。A.locked鎖上的；B.tightened擰緊的；C.broken壞掉的；D.opened打開(kāi)的。根據(jù)下文“anddespitemyattemptstorepairit”可知，作者試著去修拉鏈，因此拉鏈?zhǔn)菈牧?。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我那件穿了10年的冬季外套拉鏈壞了，盡管我試著去修，還是很難系上。A.fasten系緊；B.wear穿著；C.roll滾動(dòng)；D.sew縫制。根據(jù)上文“Myten-year-oldwintercoathada_______zipper”可知，作者外套的拉鏈出了問(wèn)題，因此是指外套很難系上。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定終于該買(mǎi)一件新外套了——盡管現(xiàn)在每一塊錢(qián)都很重要。A.remained保持；B.counted重要；C.spoke說(shuō)話；D.helped幫助。根據(jù)上文“Idecideditwasfinallytimetobuyanewcoat”和表示讓步關(guān)系的“though”可知，counted“重要”符合語(yǔ)境，表示盡管每一塊錢(qián)都很重要，應(yīng)該節(jié)約用錢(qián)，但是作者最終決定買(mǎi)一件新外套。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我把車(chē)開(kāi)進(jìn)商店的停車(chē)場(chǎng)時(shí)，我在入口處注意到一個(gè)流浪漢和他的狗。A.heard聽(tīng)到；B.left離開(kāi)；C.spotted注意到；D.hit擊中。根據(jù)下文“Heheldacardboardsignaskingforhelp,butcarskeptdrivingpasthim.”可知，作者描述了自己看到的情況，因此是注意到一個(gè)流浪漢和他的狗。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：出于同情，我停下來(lái)，給了他一些錢(qián)，然后進(jìn)去買(mǎi)了一件新外套。A.confusion困惑；B.regret后悔；C.curiosity好奇；D.compassion同情。根據(jù)上文“Heheldacardboardsignaskingforhelp,butcarskeptdrivingpasthim.”可知，流浪漢在尋求幫助，但汽車(chē)不斷從他身邊駛過(guò)，他沒(méi)有得到幫助，因此作者是出于同情給了他錢(qián)。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我正要離開(kāi)時(shí)，我看到他還在那里。A.enter進(jìn)入；B.pass經(jīng)過(guò)；C.flee逃離；D.leave離開(kāi)。根據(jù)下文“Idroveback,gotoutofmycar”可知，作者開(kāi)車(chē)回來(lái)，下了車(chē)，因此之前是正要離開(kāi)。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我開(kāi)車(chē)回來(lái)，下了車(chē)，走近他。A.approached接近；B.invited邀請(qǐng)；C.comforted安慰；D.reached到達(dá)。根據(jù)下文“HewasyoungerthanIhadexpected,withlonghairbut_______eyes.”可知，作者描述了流浪漢的外貌，因此是走近他。故選A?！?8題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他比我想象的要年輕，有一頭長(zhǎng)發(fā)，但有一雙明亮的眼睛。A.bright明亮的；B.sunken凹陷的；C.watery含淚的；D.narrowed變窄的。根據(jù)下文“hisbehaviorwascalmandhopeful”可知，流浪漢的行為平靜而充滿(mǎn)希望，因此他的眼睛是明亮的。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然他的衣服是舊的，但他的行為平靜而充滿(mǎn)希望。A.worn用舊的；B.thin薄的；C.rusty生銹的；D.flat扁平的。根據(jù)上文表示讓步關(guān)系的“Although”和下文“hisbehav