高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省潮州市2025屆高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量第一次模擬檢測英語試題第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWorld’sGoodPlacestoVisitBoraBoraThisFrenchPolynesianislandmaynotbelargeinsize,butitmakesupfortropicalbeauty.Hereyouwillfindcharmingbeaches,greenjunglesandluxuryresortsonthesurroundingislands.Theisland’sextinctvolcano,MountOtemanu,isagreatchoicefortakingphotosorhiking.AlthoughatriptoBoraBoraisexpensive,mosttravelerssayit’sworththemoney.GlacierNationalParkSnow-cappedpeaks,alpinemeadows(高山草甸)andbluelakesarejustafewreasonswhyGlacierNationalParkisoneofAmerica’smostremarkableparks.Inwinter,youcanenjoysnowshoeingandskiing,while,duringthesummer,vacationerscangowhitewaterraftingonFlatheadRiverandotherpopularactivities.Forthosewho’dratheradmiretheirsurroundingsfromtheircars,ascenicdrivealongGoing-to-the-SunRoadcan’tbemissed.SwissAlpsSnow-cappedmountains,charmingtownsandflower-filledmeadowsmaketheSwissAlpsayear-roundfairytaledestination.Inwinter,youcanvisitworld-classskiresortssuchasexclusiveSt.MoritzandcharmingZermatt,choosetohikethroughthegreenvalleysoftheSwissNationalParkduringthewarmermonthsorattendthelivelyfestivalinthefoothillcityofMontreux.MauiWhetheryou’redrivingalongtheRoadtoHana,enjoyingabird’s-eyeviewofMaui’slushcoastlinefromahelicopter,snorkeling(潛水)withseaturtlesorsimplyrelaxingonwhiteorblacksandbeaches,you’llfindthatthisHawaiianislandisunlikeanyothertropicaldestination.Don’tmissachancetovisitHaleakalaNationalPark,whichishometooneoftheworld’slargestdormantvolcaniccratersandboastsfantasticsunrises.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinBoraBora?A.Witnessvolcanoeruption.B.Goonaboattour. C.Witnessskiingracing. D.Goforanouting.2.WhatdoGlacierNationalParkandSwissAlpshaveincommon?A.Bothprovidesnow-cappedpeaksandwintersportsactivities.B.Bothareknownfortheirlivelyfestivalsinsummer.C.Bothfeaturecharmingtownsandflower-filledmeadows.D.Bothofferopportunitiesforwhitewaterrafting.3.Whichisappealingtomarinelifelovers?A.BoraBora. B.GlacierNationalPark. C.SwissAlps. D.Maui.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹世界上四個值得旅游的好地方?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BoraBora”下面的“Theisland’sextinctvolcano,MountOtemanu,isagreatchoicefortakingphotosorhiking.(島上的死火山奧特馬努峰是拍照或徒步旅行的好選擇。)”可知，游客可以在波拉波拉島遠(yuǎn)足。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“GlacierNationalPark”下面的“Snow-cappedpeaks,alpinemeadows(高山草甸)andbluelakesarejustafewreasonswhyGlacierNationalParkisoneofAmerica’smostremarkableparks.Inwinter,youcanenjoysnowshoeingandskiing,while,duringthesummer,vacationerscangowhitewaterraftingonFlatheadRiverandotherpopularactivities.(白雪皚皚的山峰、高山草甸和藍(lán)色湖泊只是冰川國家公園成為美國最著名公園之一的幾個原因。冬天，你可以享受雪鞋健行和滑雪，而在夏天，度假者可以在弗拉特黑德河上進(jìn)行激流泛舟和其他受歡迎的活動。)”和“SwissAlps”下面的“Snow-cappedmountains,charmingtownsandflower-filledmeadowsmaketheSwissAlpsayear-roundfairytaledestination.Inwinter,youcanvisitworld-classskiresortssuchasexclusiveSt.MoritzandcharmingZermatt,choosetohikethroughthegreenvalleysoftheSwissNationalParkduringthewarmermonthsorattendthelivelyfestivalinthefoothillcityofMontreux.(白雪皚皚的山脈、迷人的城鎮(zhèn)和滿是鮮花的草地使瑞士阿爾卑斯山成為全年童話般的目的地。冬季，你可以參觀世界級的滑雪勝地，如專屬的圣莫里茨和迷人的采爾馬特，選擇在溫暖的月份徒步穿過瑞士國家公園的綠色山谷，或參加山麓城市蒙特勒的熱鬧節(jié)日。)”可知，冰川國家公園和瑞士阿爾卑斯山都有白雪皚皚的山峰和冬季運動。故選A。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Maui”下面的“snorkeling(潛水)withseaturtles(與海龜一起潛水)”可知，海洋生物愛好者在毛伊島可以和海龜一起潛水，這里對他們很有吸引力。故選D。BTimelessandmeaningfulfriendshipsarecentraltothehumanexperience,andwehavebeenhonoringthesespecialrelationshipsforthousandsofyears.Oneofthewayspeoplehavemarkedthesebondsisbyexchanginggifts.Herearethestoriesofthesymbolsandtraditionsthathavehonoredfriendshipsthroughouthistoryandaroundtheworld.Inthe16thcentury,DutchtheologianErasmusofferedhisfriendspaintings,books,andancientcoins,whichbecameakindofcurrencyoffriendshipamongearlymodernhumanists.Bythe18thand19thcenturiesinIreland,theCladdaghringhadgainedattentionasasymbolofbothloveandfriendship:theheartontheringrepresents(代表)love,whiletheclaspedhandsrepresentfriendship.Bythe18thcentury,friendswereexchanginglocksofhair,whichdegradesveryslowly.Likefriendship,sothebeliefwent,hairseemedtobeeverlasting.GeorgeWashingtonevengiftedhishairtosomeofhisclosefriends,includingfellowfoundingfatherAlexanderHamilton.Throughoutthe19thcentury,friendsexchangedfriendshipbrooches(胸針).Theysometimesfeaturedivyflowers,whichVictoriansassociatedwithloyalty,andthephrase,“Nothingcanseparatemefromyou.”Asoneadvertisementforfriendshipbroochessaidin1913,thebrooch’scircularshapewas,“l(fā)ikefriendship,endless”.Bytheendofthe20thcentury,anewfriendshipsymbolandgift-givingpracticetookhold:friendshipbracelets,whichtendtobebrightlycoloredandwoven.Nooneknowsexactlywherefriendshipbraceletscamefromorhowthetraditionstarted,buttheymayhavetheirrootsinwovenbraceletsfromCentralAmerica.Alltheseshowanideathat’sbeenaroundforever:It’sgreattofindsomeonewhounderstandsyouinthisbigworld,andit’ssomethingworthcelebrating.4.WhatdidErasmusofferhisfriendsinthe16thcentury?A.Ivyflowersandwovenbracelets.B.Paintings,books,andancientcoins.C.Friendshipbraceletsandlocksofhair.D.Claddaghringsandfriendshipbrooches.5.WhatcanweknowabouttheCladdaghringinIreland?A.Itwasonlywornbymen.B.Itwasexpensiveandhardtoget.C.Itwasmadeofgoldanddiamonds.D.Itrepresentedbothloveandfriendship.6.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthetraditionofexchanginglocksofhair?A.Itwasawaytoshowlonglife.B.Itwasapracticelimitedtothe18thcentury.C.Itwasacommonpracticeonlyamongthewealthy.D.Itwasbelievedtosymbolizeeverlastingfriendship.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.HowcelebritiesmakefriendsB.HowpeoplecelebratefriendshipC.ThehistoryoffriendshipsymbolsD.Theimportanceofcelebratingfriendships【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了長久且有意義的友誼在人類生活中至關(guān)重要，交換禮物是紀(jì)念友誼的方式之一。文章歷數(shù)了不同時期世界各地紀(jì)念友誼的象征物與傳統(tǒng)，包括16世紀(jì)荷蘭伊拉斯謨送的繪畫、書籍和古幣，18至19世紀(jì)愛爾蘭的克拉達(dá)戒指，18世紀(jì)朋友間交換的一縷頭發(fā)，19世紀(jì)的友誼胸針以及20世紀(jì)末的彩色編織友誼手鏈。這些都體現(xiàn)出在廣闊世界中覓得知己的美好，這種情誼值得慶賀?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthe16thcentury,DutchtheologianErasmusofferedhisfriendspaintings,books,andancientcoins,whichbecameakindofcurrencyoffriendshipamongearlymodernhumanists.(16世紀(jì)，荷蘭神學(xué)家伊拉斯謨向他的朋友們贈送繪畫、書籍和古錢幣，這在早期現(xiàn)代人文主義者中成為一種友誼的貨幣。)”可知，在16世紀(jì)，荷蘭神學(xué)家伊拉斯謨送給他的朋友們繪畫、書籍和古幣。故選B項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Bythe18thand19thcenturiesinIreland,theCladdaghringhadgainedattentionasasymbolofbothloveandfriendship:theheartontheringrepresents(代表)love,whiletheclaspedhandsrepresentfriendship.(到了18世紀(jì)和19世紀(jì)，在愛爾蘭，克拉達(dá)戒指作為愛情和友誼的象征而受到關(guān)注：戒指上的心代表愛情，而緊握的雙手代表友誼。)”可知，在愛爾蘭，克拉達(dá)戒指代表著愛和友誼。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Bythe18thcentury,friendswereexchanginglocksofhair,whichdegradesveryslowly.Likefriendship,sothebeliefwent,hairseemedtobeeverlasting.GeorgeWashingtonevengiftedhishairtosomeofhisclosefriends,includingfellowfoundingfatherAlexanderHamilton.(到18世紀(jì)，朋友們開始交換一縷頭發(fā)，頭發(fā)降解的速度非常緩慢。就像友誼一樣，人們的信念是這樣的，頭發(fā)似乎是永恒的。喬治·華盛頓甚至將他的頭發(fā)送給了他的一些密友，包括同為開國元勛的亞歷山大·漢密爾頓。)”可推知，人們認(rèn)為交換一縷頭發(fā)象征著永恒的友誼，因為頭發(fā)降解很慢，就像友誼一樣似乎是永恒的。故選D項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中“Oneofthewayspeoplehavemarkedthesebondsisbyexchanginggifts.Herearethestoriesofthesymbolsandtraditionsthathavehonoredfriendshipsthroughouthistoryandaroundtheworld.(人們慶祝這些關(guān)系的方式之一是交換禮物。以下是歷史上和世界各地尊重友誼的象征和傳統(tǒng)的故事。)”可知，文章主要講述了幾個世紀(jì)以來，不同的物品和傳統(tǒng)在不同時期成為了友誼的象征，如16世紀(jì)伊拉斯謨送的繪畫、書籍和古幣，18、19世紀(jì)愛爾蘭的克拉達(dá)戒指，18世紀(jì)交換的一縷頭發(fā)，19世紀(jì)的友誼胸針，20世紀(jì)末的友誼手鏈等，所以文章主要不同歷史時期象征友誼的物品和慶祝方式。由此可推知，C選項“Thehistoryoffriendshipsymbols(友誼象征物的歷史)”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選C項。C“Shynesscanstopyoufromdoingallthethingsinlifethatyou’dliketo,”theSmithsoncesang.However,researchsuggeststhatmaynotbethecasewhenworkingasateam.Researchershavefoundthatwhenanimalstempertheirpersonalitiesbecauseofsocialrules,theefficiencyofagrouptoundertakeriskymissions—suchasforaging(覓食)forfood—isboosted.“Weseethisphenomenonhappeningwhenwemixtogetheraschooloffishwithwildlydifferentpersonalities:theveryfearlessindividualsandtheveryshyindividualstendtocontrolwhattheywouldnormallybedoingwhentheystickwiththerestofthegroup,”saidDr.SeanRands,theleadauthoroftheresearchattheUniversityofBristol.WritinginthejournalPLoSComputationalBiology,theresearchersreportedhowtheybuiltacomputermodeltoinvestigatetheimpactofsocialconventionsandanimals’personalitiesonthemovementofindividualswithinagroup.Themodelwasbasedonanassumptioninwhichagroupofanimalsinasafe“home”setouttotraveltoafoodforagingsitesomedistanceaway.Theresultsrevealedthatwhennosocialconventionswereinplace,theirmovementsweregovernedbytheirpersonalitiesalone—inotherwordshowfearlessorshytheyweredeterminedhowquicklytheylefthomeandarrivedattheforagingsite.However,whensocialconventionswereintroduced,sothattheindividualshadtokeepaneyeoneachotherandadjusttheirmovementsaccordingly,theimpactofpersonalityreducedwithlessvariationinhowquicklytheyreachedthedestination.Theteamfoundwheresocialconventionswerepresent,thegroupforagedmoreefficientlythanwhenindividualsbehavedindependently.“Wefindthatifindividualspayattentiontotheothermembersofthegroup,thegroupwilltendtoremainatthesafesiteforlonger,butthentravelfastertowardstheforagingsite,”theteamwrote.Randsaddedthatformanysocialanimals,beingpartofagroupcanbringhugebenefits,andthesecanoutweightheinfluenceofpersonality.8.WhyaretheSmiths’wordsmentionedinparagraph1?A.Togiveanexample.B.Tomakeacomparison.C.Toleadinthetopic.D.Tointroducethebackground.9.Whatwillindividualsdowhilestayingwithagroup?A.Adjusttheirbehavior.B.Takeonriskymissions.C.Ignoresocialrules.D.Traveltoadistantforagingsite.10.Whatcanweinferfromtheresults?A.Personalitiesalonedeterminemovements.B.Individualsprefertobehaveindependently.C.Groupworkincreasesexposuretopotentialrisks.D.Socialconventionscontributetoworkingefficiency.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.BePartofaGroupB.StayTruetoYourselfC.GetRidofYourShynessD.ControlYourPersonalities【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了與傳統(tǒng)所認(rèn)為的害羞會成為生活的阻礙不同，當(dāng)個體在群體中時，由于社會習(xí)俗的存在，無論是害羞性格，還是大膽無畏性格，個體會調(diào)整自我行為以適應(yīng)群體，這反而提高了做事的效率。因此，群居動物融入群體生活是大有裨益的。【8題詳析】推理判斷題。分析可知，當(dāng)文章首段提出“‘Shynesscanstopyoufromdoingallthethingsinlifethatyou’dliketo,’theSmithsoncesang.(TheSmiths曾經(jīng)唱道：“害羞會阻止你去做生活中你想做的所有事情。”)”之后，用轉(zhuǎn)折句“However,researchsuggeststhatmaynotbethecasewhenworkingasateam.(然而，研究表明，在團(tuán)隊工作時，情況可能并非如此。)”否定了這一說法，提出在團(tuán)隊合作時，“害羞就是阻礙”的情況并不會發(fā)生，并在后文段落進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)解釋。由此可推知，提到theSmiths的歌詞實則是為了引出文章的話題。故選C項?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“Weseethisphenomenonhappeningwhenwemixtogetheraschooloffishwithwildlydifferentpersonalities:theveryfearlessindividualsandtheveryshyindividualstendtocontrolwhattheywouldnormallybedoingwhentheystickwiththerestofthegroup(當(dāng)我們把一群性格截然不同的魚放在一起時，我們就會看到這種現(xiàn)象：當(dāng)它們和其他魚在一起時，非常無畏的魚和非常害羞的魚往往會控制它們通常會做的事情)”可知，當(dāng)個體在群體中時，個體會控制自己通常會做的事情，即，個體會調(diào)整自己的行為狀態(tài)以適應(yīng)群體。故選A項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“Theteamfoundwheresocialconventionswerepresent,thegroupforagedmoreefficientlythanwhenindividualsbehavedindependently.(研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，在社會習(xí)俗存在的情況下，群體覓食的效率要高于個體獨立行動的情況。)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，社會習(xí)俗存在的情況下，群體覓食的效率較高。由此可推知，社會習(xí)俗的存在有助于工作效率。故選D項?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章末尾段的總結(jié)“Randsaddedthatformanysocialanimals,beingpartofagroupcanbringhugebenefits,andthesecanoutweightheinfluenceofpersonality.(蘭德斯補充說，對于許多群居動物來說，成為群體的一員可以帶來巨大的好處，而這些好處可能會超過個性的影響。)”可知，文章主要通過一系列的研究過程和研究結(jié)論總結(jié)出成為群體一員的好處，社會習(xí)俗的存在可以使個體調(diào)整自我行為，從而提高工作效率。選項A“BePartofaGroup(成為群體的一員)”貼合文章主旨。故選A項。DJustafterhatching,manybirdslearntoidentifyandfollowthefirstmovingobjecttheyencounter—aprocesscalledimprinting,whichcanofferprotectioninthewildasithelpsthemstaynearaparent.Itdoesn’ttakemuchvisualinformationforabirdtolearntopreferoneobjectandfollowit.ResearcherswantedtoknowwhetherAImodelscalledtransformerscoulddoasimilartaskwithlimitedinputs.Transformersaregenericlearningsystemsthatcanbetrainedtoperformawidevarietyoftasks,makingthemusefulinbothAIchatbotssuchasChatGPTandincomputervisionapplications,suchasautonomouscarnavigation.“Todirectlycomparelearningalgorithms(計算程序)tobrains,weneedtotrainthemonthesameexperiences,”saysSamanthaWoodatIndianaUniversityBloomington.Shefirstraisedchicksinaboxwheretheonlyvisualstimulationcamefromarotating3Dobjectpresentedonascreen.Afterthefirstweek,sheraneachchickthroughhundredsoftesttrialsthatshowedthatsameobjectononescreen－presentedfrombothfamiliarandunfamiliarperspectives－anddisplayedasecondunfamiliarobjectonanotherscreen.Thechicksspentmoreoftheirtimenearthefirstobject,suggestingtheyhadimprintedonit.Theresearcherthencreatedavirtualsimulation(仿造物)oftheset-upandusedavirtualagenttomovethroughitwhilelookingaroundandrecordingafirst-personview.Thatprovidedtensofthousandsofsimulatedimagesfortrainingandevaluatingfourtransformermodels.TheAImodelshadjust300millisecondstolearnfromeachsimulatedimage－approximating(接近于)howlongbiologicalneurons(神經(jīng)元)fireafterbeingpresentedwithanimage.TheresearcherfoundthattheAIscouldlearntorecognisea3Dobjectasquicklyandaccuratelyasthechicks.Thestudyis“agreatpieceofwork”incomparingmachineperformancewithbiologicalbrains,saysAntoneMartinho-TruswellattheUniversityofSydney.Buthealsonotes,“Wemightbeabletosaythatthechick‘saw’itsimprintingobject,butthatwillhaveacomponent(成分)ofexperiencetoit.Particularlyasimprintingistodowithidentifyingitsmother,itwouldbeunsurprisingifthatvisualexperiencewerecombinedwithasuiteofothercomponentsofexperience:fearyieldingtocomfort,forexample,asthechickcomestoregardtheobjectasitsimprinted‘mother’.”12.Whydonewbornbirdsengageinimprinting?A.Toenhancetheirnavigationskills.B.Todeveloptheirsocialbehaviour.C.Toimprovetheircommunicationwithotherbirds.D.Toestablishaprotectiveconnectionwithaguardian.13.HowdidSamanthaWoodconducttheinitialexperimentwithchicks?A.Sheraisedtheminanenvironmentwitharotatingvisualelement.B.Sheexposedthemtovariousvisualstimulationsinthewild.C.Sheshowedthemvariousmovingobjectsonscreens.D.Sheobservedtheirbehaviourinanaturalhabitat.14.Whatroledidthevirtualsimulationplayintheresearch?A.Toimitatethenaturalbehaviourofbirds.B.Toassesstheeffectivenessofvirtualagents.C.ToexaminetheAlmodels’abilitytoidentifya3Dobject.D.Tocreateavisuallydiverseenvironmentforthechicks.15.AccordingtoAntoneMartinho-Truswell,whatposesachallengeincomparingmachineperformancewithbiologicalbrains?A.RapidlearningpaceofAImodels.B.Recreatingreal-worldenvironmentsforexperiments.C.Thecomplexityanddiversityofbiologicalexperiences.D.Conductingadditionalexperimentswitharangeofanimals.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究人員從鳥類身上得到啟發(fā)，想知道人工智能模型是否可以在有限的輸入下完成類似的任務(wù)。介紹了研究開展的經(jīng)過。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Justafterhatching,manybirdslearntoidentifyandfollowthefirstmovingobjecttheyencounter—aprocesscalledimprinting,whichcanofferprotectioninthewildasithelpsthemstaynearaparent.(剛孵化出來，許多鳥就學(xué)會了識別和跟蹤它們遇到的第一個移動物體——這一過程被稱為“印記”，在野外可以提供保護(hù)，因為它可以幫助它們留在父母身邊)”可知，新生的鳥類有印記是為了與監(jiān)護(hù)人建立保護(hù)性聯(lián)系。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Shefirstraisedchicksinaboxwheretheonlyvisualstimulationcamefromarotating3Dobjectpresentedonascreen.(她首先在一個盒子里飼養(yǎng)小雞，唯一的視覺刺激來自屏幕上呈現(xiàn)的旋轉(zhuǎn)3D物體)”可知，薩曼莎·伍德在一個有旋轉(zhuǎn)視覺元素的環(huán)境中撫養(yǎng)小雞，來進(jìn)行最初的實驗。故選A?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheAImodelshadjust300millisecondstolearnfromeachsimulatedimage－approximating(接近于)howlongbiologicalneurons(神經(jīng)元)fireafterbeingpresentedwithanimage.TheresearcherfoundthattheAIscouldlearntorecognisea3Dobjectasquicklyandaccuratelyasthechicks.(人工智能模型從每張模擬圖像中學(xué)習(xí)的時間只有300毫秒，這接近于生物神經(jīng)元在看到圖像后的激活時間。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人工智能可以像小雞一樣快速準(zhǔn)確地學(xué)會識別3D物體)”可知，虛擬仿真在研究中檢查人工智能模型識別3D物體的能力。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thestudyis“agreatpieceofwork”incomparingmachineperformancewithbiologicalbrains,saysAntoneMartinho-TruswellattheUniversityofSydney.Buthealsonotes,“Wemightbeabletosaythatthechick‘saw’itsimprintingobject,butthatwillhaveacomponent(成分)ofexperiencetoit.Particularlyasimprintingistodowithidentifyingitsmother,itwouldbeunsurprisingifthatvisualexperiencewerecombinedwithasuiteofothercomponentsofexperience:fearyieldingtocomfort,forexample,asthechickcomestoregardtheobjectasitsimprinted‘mother’.”(悉尼大學(xué)的AntoneMartinho-Truswell說，這項研究在比較機(jī)器與生物大腦的性能方面是“一項偉大的工作”。但他也指出，“我們可能會說小雞‘看到’了它的印記物體，但這將有一個經(jīng)驗的組成部分?！碧貏e是因為印記與識別母親有關(guān)，如果這種視覺體驗與一系列其他體驗的組成部分結(jié)合在一起，那就不足為奇了：例如，當(dāng)小雞把這個物體視為它印記的‘母親’時，恐懼被安慰所取代?！?”可知，根據(jù)AntoneMartinho-Truswell的說法，將機(jī)器性能與生物大腦進(jìn)行比較的挑戰(zhàn)是生物經(jīng)驗的復(fù)雜性和多樣性。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WheneverI’vehadafewstressfulweeks,Itypicallyschedulea“cookingday”.WorkingonrecipesthatIalreadyknowbuildsmyconfidence;tryingoutsomenewonesaddsanelementofsurprise.Intheend,Ifeelsatisfiedbytheproductsofmywork.____16____Youcanfindyourownreliefinpreparingfood.____17____Thismultisensoryaspectofcookingislikeacopingtoolforstressfulsituation,the5-4-3-2-1technique.Itallowsyoutoquicklyconnectwiththepresentmomentbyencouragingyoutonoticefivethingsyoucansee,fourthingsyoucanfeel,threethingsyoucanhear,twoyoucansmell,andoneyoucantaste.____18____Youmightfeelabitcalmerattheend.Anotherkeyfeatureofcookingisthatit’sconnectedtoandshapedbythepast.Whatyouchoosetocook,andthewayyouprepareit,mightissueinpartfromthepreferencesandtechniquesofyourparents,grandparents,friendsorpartners.____19____Thislinkispartofcooking’spsychologicalrichnessanditspotentialtorestore.Tryingnewrecipesandnewingredientscanhelpyouwiththecreationofnewmemories.____20____And,ifyouarewiseinyourchoiceofhealthyingredients,thefooditselfcouldhavesubsequentbenefitsforyourpsychologicalwellbeing.Thenexttimeyoustepintothekitchenandtryyourhandatanewdish,trytoconsciouslytakenoticeofwhat’sgoingoninyourmindandinyourbody,ofwhatsortsoffeelingscookingbringsoutinyou.A.Cookingengagesallfivesenses.B.Forme,cookingisastress-relievingway.C.Throughcooking,Icangetbackcontrolofmylife.D.Youarecooking,inthissense,foryourfutureself.E.Eachsmellandtastehasthepowertorevivecertainmemories.F.Ithelpsfocusonatask,offeringyouasenseofpowerandcontrol.G.Givingitatrycandemonstratethebenefitsofsensoryexperience.【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.E20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。作者講述了烹飪可以緩解壓力并給出了理由?！?6題詳析】上文“WorkingonrecipesthatIalreadyknowbuildsmyconfidence;tryingoutsomenewonesaddsanelementofsurprise.Intheend,Ifeelsatisfiedbytheproductsofmywork.(研究我已經(jīng)知道的食譜會建立我的信心；嘗試一些新的增加了驚喜的元素。最后，我對我的工作成果感到滿意)”說明作者通過研究烹飪可以讓自己放松，并增強信心，下文“Youcanfindyourownreliefinpreparingfood.(你可以在準(zhǔn)備食物中找到自己的解脫)”倡導(dǎo)讀者從烹飪食物中找到解脫，因此推斷B項“對我來說，烹飪是一種緩解壓力的方式。”符合語境，承接上文，引出下文的倡議。故選B?！?7題詳析】下文“Thismultisensoryaspectofcookingislikeacopingtoolforstressfulsituation,the5-4-3-2-1technique.Itallowsyoutoquicklyconnectwiththepresentmomentbyencouragingyoutonoticefivethingsyoucansee,fourthingsyoucanfeel,threethingsyoucanhear,twoyoucansmell,andoneyoucantaste.(烹飪的多方面感覺就像應(yīng)對壓力情況的工具，這種5-4-2-3-1技巧。通過鼓勵你注意你能看到的五件事，你能感覺到的四件事，你能聽到的三件事，你能聞到的兩件事，以及你能嘗到的一件事，它可以讓你快速地與現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來)”說明烹飪與多種感官相聯(lián)系，因此推斷A項“烹飪調(diào)動所有五種感官?！狈险Z境，總領(lǐng)下文內(nèi)容。故選A?！?8題詳析】上文“Itallowsyoutoquicklyconnectwiththepresentmomentbyencouragingyoutonoticefivethingsyoucansee,fourthingsyoucanfeel,threethingsyoucanhear,twoyoucansmell,andoneyoucantaste.(通過鼓勵你注意你能看到的五件事，你能感覺到的四件事，你能聽到的三件事，你能聞到的兩件事，以及你能嘗到的一件事，它可以讓你快速地與現(xiàn)在聯(lián)系起來)”說明烹飪調(diào)動你五個感官，下文“Youmightfeelabitcalmerattheend.(最后你可能會感到平靜一些)”說明最終你會感到平靜，因此推斷G項“嘗試一下可以證明感官體驗的好處?！狈险Z境，sensory與前文內(nèi)容相符，下文是嘗試后的結(jié)果。故選G?！?9題詳析】上文“Anotherkeyfeatureofcookingisthatit’sconnectedtoandshapedbythepast.Whatyouchoosetocook,andthewayyouprepareit,mightissueinpartfromthepreferencesandtechniquesofyourparents,grandparents,friendsorpartners.(烹飪的另一個關(guān)鍵特征是它與過去有關(guān)，并受到過去的影響。你選擇做什么菜，以及你準(zhǔn)備的方式，可能部分取決于你父母、祖父母、朋友或伴侶的偏好和技巧)”說明烹飪方式與過去有關(guān)，可能與你的父母，祖父母，朋友等的偏好和技巧有關(guān)，因此推斷E項“每一種氣味和味道都有能力喚醒某些記憶?！狈险Z境，承接上文內(nèi)容。memories呼應(yīng)前文的past。故選E?！?0題詳析】上文“Tryingnewrecipesandnewingredientscanhelpyouwiththecreationofnewmemories.(嘗試新的食譜和新的食材可以幫助你創(chuàng)造新的記憶)”說明嘗試新的烹飪方式可以創(chuàng)造新的記憶，下文“And,ifyouarewiseinyourchoiceofhealthyingredients,thefooditselfcouldhavesubsequentbenefitsforyourpsychologicalwellbeing.(而且，如果你明智地選擇了健康的食材，這些食物本身也會對你的心理健康有好處)”說明烹飪健康的食物對身體健康有益，這些都對自己有益，因此推斷D項“從這個意義上說，你是在為未來的自己做飯?！狈险Z境，承上啟下。故選D。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）LittleOliverwasMasonandRebecca’smiraclechild.Rebeccasufferedthreemiscarriages(流產(chǎn))beforeOliverwasborn.Whentheywerestillinextreme____21____,Rebeccaaccidentallyfoundthelittleboyneverreactedtoanysound.AfterexaminationitwasconfirmedthatOliverwasborn____22____.Facingsuchablow,MasonandRebeccaneverfelt____23____.Afewweekslater,Olivergothisfirsthearingaid.Despiteseveral____24____,Olivercouldatlasthear!RebeccaandMasonweredelighted.Threeyearspassed,anditwastimetosendOliverto____25____.ButthefirstdayOliverreturnedhome____26____.“Idon-don’twanttogotoschool...Ihavenofriends...”O(jiān)neday,RebeccaandMasonwerecalledtotheschool,whereOliver’steacher,SophiatoldthemOlivernever____27____withhisclassmates.Hewasafraidthathisclassmateswould____28____himoverhisdeafness.ThoughSophiatalkedtohimagain,hewas____29____tocommunicate.RebeccaandMasontoldhertheirsonwas_____30_____forfriendshipinside’SophiadecidedtheyhadtodosomethingtohelpOliveroutofhis_____31_____.Theymadeaplanandputitintoactiononhissixthbirthday.Oliver_____32_____hisclassroomandfounditdecoratedwithballoons.Hewassurprisedandsatinhischair,_____33_____whatwashappening.Suddenly,allhisclassmatesmarchedinside.Theyallworecolorfulbirthdaycapsandsmiledathim.Oliver’seyesrosewithtearsashewatchedthemsingahappybirthdaysongin_____34_____.Theyhadlearnedsignlanguagetosurprisethebirthdayboyandmakehimfeel_____35_____.Oliverwastouched.Itfeltlikeheaventobesurroundedbyfriends.21.A.sorrow B.happiness C.surprise D.loss22.A.dumb B.blind C.deaf D.one-handed23.A.discouraged B.annoyed C.embarrassed D.confused24.A.operations B.tests C.worries D.struggles25.A.school B.hospital C.station D.work26.A.laughing B.crying C.adding D.explaining27.A.debated B.agreed C.studied D.interacted28.A.punish B.scold C.complainabout D.laughat29.A.unwilling B.cautious C.confused D.unable30.A.grateful B.desperate C.responsible D.concerned31.A.doubt B.failure C.insecurity D.reach32.A.locked B.cleaned C.entered D.designed33.A.confirming B.concluding C.ignoring D.wondering34.A.gesture B.return C.deed D.word35.A.independent B.sensible C.included D.praised【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.D28.D29.A30.B31.C32.C33.D34.A35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了天生耳聾的Oliver在學(xué)校過得很不開心，他的老師同學(xué)們?yōu)樗臏?zhǔn)備了生日手勢歌曲，Oliver覺得自己終于成為了班里的一員?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們還沉浸在極度的幸福中時，Rebecca意外地發(fā)現(xiàn)這個小男孩對任何聲音都沒有反應(yīng)。A.sorrow悲傷；B.happiness幸福；C.surprise驚奇；D.loss失去。根據(jù)上文“LittleOliverwasMasonandRebecca’smiraclechild.Rebeccasufferedthreemiscarriages(流產(chǎn))beforeOliverwasborn.”可知，Oliver是他的爸爸媽媽好不容易才擁有的小孩，所以當(dāng)他出生時，爸爸媽媽沉浸在幸福之中。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過檢查，證實Oliver生來就是聾子。A.dumb啞的；B.blind看不見的；C.deaf聾的；D.one-handed一只手的。根據(jù)上文“Rebeccaaccidentallyfoundthelittleboyneverreactedtoanysound”可知，Oliver對聲音沒有反應(yīng)，由此判斷Oliver是天生的聾子。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：面對這樣的打擊，Mason和Rebecca從未感到氣餒。A.discouraged受到打擊的；B.annoyed惱怒的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)下文“Afewweekslater,Olivergothisfirsthearingaid.”可知，盡管Oliver是聾子，他的爸爸媽媽卻從未氣餒。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：經(jīng)過幾次掙扎，Oliver終于聽見了!A.operations手術(shù)；B.tests測試；C.worries煩惱；D.struggles努力、掙扎。根據(jù)上文可知，Oliver得到了第一個助聽器，而根據(jù)空后“Olivercouldatlasthear!”可知，Oliver終于聽見了。由此判斷，Oliver是經(jīng)過幾次掙扎努力。故選D。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：三年過去了，是時候送Oliver上學(xué)了。A.school學(xué)校；B.hospital醫(yī)院；C.station車站；D.work工作。根據(jù)上文的“Threeyearspassed”以及下文的““Idon-don’twanttogotoschool...Ihavenofriends...””可知，Oliver到了上學(xué)的時候。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但第一天，Oliver回到家就哭了。A.laughing笑；B.crying哭；C.adding增加；D.explaining解釋。根據(jù)下文““Idon-don’twanttogotoschool...Ihavenofriends...””可知，Oliver在學(xué)校里過得很不開心，所以到家后哭了。故選B。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，Rebecca和Mason被叫到學(xué)校，Oliver的老師Sophia告訴他們，Oliver從不與同學(xué)互動。A.debated辯論；B.agreed同意；C.studied研究；D.interacted互動。根據(jù)下文“Hewasafraidthathisclassmateswould________himoverhisdeafness.”可知，Oliver害怕同學(xué)們笑話他，所以他不愿意和同學(xué)們互動。故選D。【28題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他害怕他的同學(xué)會嘲笑他的耳聾。A.punish懲罰；B.scold責(zé)怪；C.complainabout抱怨；D.laughat嘲笑。根據(jù)空后的“overhisdeafness”可知，Oliver擔(dān)心同學(xué)嘲笑自己耳聾。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然Sophia又和他說話了，但他不愿意交流。A.unwilling不樂意；B.cautious謹(jǐn)慎的；C.confused困惑的；D.unable不能的。根據(jù)上文“Oneday,RebeccaandMasonwerecalledtotheschool,whereOliver’steacher,SophiatoldthemOlivernever________withhisclassmates.Hewasafraidthathisclassmateswould________himoverhisdeafness.”可知，Oliver不愿與他人互動交流。故選A?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Rebecca和Mason告訴她，他們的兒子內(nèi)心渴望友誼，Sophia決定他們必須做點什么來幫助Oliver擺脫他的不安全感。A.grateful感激；B.desperate絕望的，急切的；C.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的；D.concerned擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)上文可知，Oliver外表表現(xiàn)得拒人千里之外，但是內(nèi)心還是希望有朋友的。選擇desperate，構(gòu)成短語：bedesperatefor，意為“渴望得到……”。故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Rebecca和Mason告訴她，他們的兒子內(nèi)心渴望友誼，Sophia決定他們必須做點什么來幫助Oliver擺脫他的不安全感。A.doubt懷疑；B.failure失?。籆.insecurity不安全；D.reac