2025年新八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)暑假預(yù)習(xí)講義

第06講Unit3《Tobeagoodlearner》(GrammarIntegration)

（知識(shí)全梳理&考點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)練）

內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航-預(yù)習(xí)三步曲

第一步：學(xué)

;浜教材精講精析、全方位預(yù)習(xí)

教材習(xí)題學(xué)解題、快速掌握解題方法

核心考點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)練

第二步：記

串知識(shí)識(shí)框架：學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)復(fù)核內(nèi)容掌握

第三步：測(cè)

小試牛刀檢測(cè)預(yù)習(xí)效果、查漏補(bǔ)缺快速提升

一.單詞學(xué)習(xí)

1printer/print。/n.打印機(jī)，印刷工

2slashiefslaefI/n.斜杠族，多重職業(yè)者

3dialectfdaislekt/n.方言

4besides/bi'saldz/prep.除…之外

5possible/spDsobl/adj.可能的

6as...aspossible盡可能

7sentence/sentsns/n.句子

8ratherthan/ra:da/而不是

9pronunciation/pro.nAnsivei\n/n.發(fā)音

10grammarfgraema/n.語(yǔ)法

11slowlyfslsuli/adv.慢速地，緩慢地

12text/tekst/n.文本，文章

13speech/spi:tf/n.演講，說(shuō)話的能力

14aloudWlaud/adv.出聲地，大聲地

15pronounce/pm'nauns/V.發(fā)音

16correctly/ks'rektli/adv.正確地

17spelling^spelig7n.

18toone'ssurprise令某人驚訝的是

19repeat/'ri、pi:t/v.重復(fù)

20touristftuanst/n.游客，觀光者

二.課文解析

)Grammar

AComparativeandsuperlativeadveros

Readthesentencesbelowandpayattentiontotheuseofcomparativeandsuperlative

adverbs.

Sandyreads30pagesinonehour.Shereadsfast.

Amyreads35pagesinonehour.ShereadsfasterthanSandy.

Milliereads40pagesinonehour.Shereadsthefastestamongthethree.

fMilliereadsfasterthantheothertwostudents.

'"沙仁3此個(gè)Weusecomparativeadverbstocompareactionsor

士引performances;weusesuperlativeadverbstocompare

ormoreactionsorperformances.

Wecanformcomparativeandsuperlativeadverbsinthesamewaywefbrm

comparativeandsuperlativeadjectives.

AdjectiveComparativeSuperlativeThefollowingadverts

havethesameformas

Mostshortadjectivest+er+esttheddiecflves;

hardfharderfhardesteartytarfast

earlytearlieriearliesthardhighlate

longnearlow

Longadverbsmore+most+kIsnotpossibleto-

quicklymorequicklyTmostquicklyhavecomparativesor

carefullyTmorecarefullyTmostcarefullysuperialivosofcertain

adverbsespeciallythose

Irregularadverbsreplacethewordreplacethewordoffame(eg.yesterday

wellfbetterfbest..ten),place(e.g.

badlyfworseTworsthere,up,down)and

degree(eg.very,really

farfurther/fartherTfurthest/farthestalmost)

Millieiswritingaboutherclassmates'schoolwork.Completehersentenceswithth

correctformsofthewordsinbrackets.

1Suzylearns(fast).Shelearns(fast)thananyother

studentinmyclass.Shelearns(fast)ofusall.

2Danielthinks(actively).Hethinks(actively)than

anyofmyotherclassmates.Hethinks(actively)inmyclass.

3Davidworks(hard).Heworks(hard)thanallmy

otherclassmates,Heworks(hard)inmyclass.

副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

一.副詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成

變化規(guī)則例詞

詞尾加-er或-esthard一harder一hardest

以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞后加-r

單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙late-later—latest

或-st

音節(jié)詞

以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的詞，改y為i,

early—earlier一earliest

再力口-er或-est

beautifully一morebeautifiiUy—most

多音節(jié)詞和部分雙

在詞前加more或mostbeautifullycarefully一more

音節(jié)詞

carefully一mostcarefully

well—?better—best

badly一worse—worst

不規(guī)則變化

fhr—further/farther^

furthest/farthest

二.副詞的比較級(jí)用法

⑴句型”A...比較級(jí)+thanB”,意為”A比B更……%當(dāng)than前后使用的動(dòng)詞相同時(shí),than后通常用助動(dòng)詞代

替動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞也可省略。一些詞或短語(yǔ)可以修飾副詞的比較級(jí)，如:alittle,much,far,alot,even等。

Roseranfasterthantheothergirls(did).羅斯跑得比其他女孩快。

JimworksmuchharderthanKate(does).吉姆工作比凱特努力得多。

(2)句型”...比較級(jí),AorB?”,意為“A和B誰(shuí)更……?%

Whojumpshigher,JimorTom?誰(shuí)跳得更高，吉姆還是湯姆？

⑶句型”比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”，意為"越來(lái)越……”，表示程度加深。

Heranfasterandfaster.他跑得越來(lái)越快。

Itrainedmoreandmoreheavily.雨下得越來(lái)越大了。

(4)句型”the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”，意為"越……,(就)越%

Theearlieryoustart,thesooneryouwillgetthere.你出發(fā)得越早，到達(dá)那里就越快。

三.副詞的最高級(jí)用法

副詞的最高級(jí)用于三者或三者以上的人或物的比較，表示其中的一方在這個(gè)范圍中"最……”，多由介詞in

或among等來(lái)說(shuō)明比較的范圍。

LiMingjumps(the)highestinourschool.在我們學(xué)校李明跳得最高。

Billswims(the)fastestamongthethreeboys.這三個(gè)男孩中，比爾游得最快。

Whojumpsfarthest,Jim,LucyorLily?吉姆、露西和莉莉,誰(shuí)跳得最遠(yuǎn)？

BReflexivepronouns

Readthetextbelowandpayattentiontotheuseofreflexivepronouns.

Learningshouldbefun.Butyoumayask,"HowcanIenjoymyselfwhenlearning?”

Youcanlearnaninterestingskilbyyourself.MyfriendLindaisinterestedinart

andsheenioysteachingherselfpaper-cutting.

Don'twornyiflearningsomethingnewseemsdifficult,justdoit!Solet'ssetgoals

forourselvesandtakethefirststep.

Singular

Plural.Notethespellings

myselfourselvesWoftheangular

form-selfand

Reflexrve

yourselfyourselvesIhepluralfarm

pronounshinself|-set<es

herselfthemselves

itself

“Weusereflexivepronounswhenthesubjectandtheobjectarethe

心.42113/(same,different)person(s)orthing(s).

。Milieiswritingaboutpeoplearoundherwholovetolearnnewthings.Completeher

textbelowwithcorrectreflexivepronouns.

OurEnglishteacherMrWutaught⑴toplaythe

piano.Hefoundausefulappandpractisedalot.Heevenrecords

⑵playingthepianoeveryday.Sandyand1feel

encouraged.Wewishwecouldlearnsomethingby。)

too.Sandylikestocook.Sheoftencookssomesimpledishesfor

⑷whensheisaloneathome.Imaytrydrawing.

Iwanttodrawpicturesof⑸andmyparents.At

weekends,theyoftenmake⑹acupofteaandread

abookbythewindow.Iwilltrytodrawthemnextweekend.

反身代詞

反身代詞的分類

反身代詞即人稱代詞的反身形式。它所指代的人或物與主語(yǔ)一致，在句中可以起到強(qiáng)調(diào)的作用。反身代

詞的分類如下:

數(shù)

單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)

人稱

第一人稱myselfourselves

第二人稱yourselfyourselves

第三人稱himself/herself/itselfthemselves

二.反身代詞的用法

作及物動(dòng)經(jīng)常用在enjoy>teach、hurt、

DanielteacheshimselfJapanesenow.丹尼爾現(xiàn)在在

詞（短語(yǔ)）introduce>dress>express>help>look

自學(xué)日語(yǔ)。

的賓語(yǔ)after等后面。

作介詞Lilyboughtaskirtforherselfyesterday.莉莉昨天給

用在介詞by、to、for等后面。

的賓語(yǔ)自己買了一條短裙。

Hehimselfisateacher.他本人就是一名教師。

作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)的同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作

作同位語(yǔ)You'dbetteraskyoursisterherself.你最好去問問你

用，意為”本人本身，親自”。

姐姐本人。

三常見的含有反身代詞的短語(yǔ)

teachoneself自學(xué)lookafteroneself照顧自己

learn...byoneself自學(xué)enjoyoneself玩得愉快

saytooneself自言自語(yǔ)hurtoneself傷害自己

byoneself獨(dú)立地，獨(dú)自loseoneselfin...沉迷于...

helponeselfto...自己取(食物等)introduceoneself自我介紹

takecareofoneself照顧自己dressoneself給自己穿衣服

Wordpower

Thesuffixes-er-orand-1st

Wecanadd-er,-orand-1sttosomewordstoformnounsforpeople.

Sometimesweneedio

Vert>/Nount?SuffixfNoun■changerheendingal

thevefb/nounwtienwe

print+erfprinteraddthesuffix

dance—dancer

invent+or-?inventorwm—winner

tourpianofpianisl

+istftouristsciencefscienbw

BenjaminFranklinwasgoodinmanyareas.Asayoungman,heworkedasa

printerandkeptdevelopinghisskillsasawriter.Hewasalsoaninventorand

mademanyusefulthingsfordailylife.Moreover,Franklinwasascientist,and

manyofhisfindingsplayedanimportantroleinthehistoryofscience.

Changethefollowingwordsintonounsforpeoplebyaddingthecorrectsuffixes.

Youmayuseadictionarytohelpyou.

1plan2own

3art4win

5write6piano

7biology8visit

9publishIOmanage

AmyisaskingMrWuaboutthemeaningoflashieCompletewhatMrWusays

withthecorrectformsofthewordsinbrackets.

Aslashieissomeonegoodatmanydifferentjobs.Forexample,XiaoYiisa

great01(design).He'salsoao,(sing)and

3(dance).UangXuisat4>(biology).She'salso

anamazingl,(photograph)and(write).

Today,therearemoreandmorechancesforpeopletodeveloptheirinterestsin

differentareas.So?we'llseeevenmoreslashiesinthefuture.

動(dòng)詞，■+%/1歐注一構(gòu).成名而］p-^一詞+周一構(gòu)成名詞?

—er—or

speak（動(dòng)詞）speaker說(shuō)話者visit（動(dòng)詞）visitor參觀者

farm（動(dòng)詞：種田）farmer農(nóng)民act（動(dòng)詞）actor男演員

paint（動(dòng)詞）painter畫家，油漆invent（動(dòng)詞）inventor發(fā)明家

匠

play（動(dòng)詞）player運(yùn)動(dòng)員collect（動(dòng)詞）collector收藏家

report（動(dòng)詞）reporter1己者direct（動(dòng)詞）director導(dǎo)演

wait（動(dòng)詞）waiter男服務(wù)員

work（動(dòng)詞）worker工人

swim（動(dòng)詞）★swimmer游泳者

shop（動(dòng)詞）★shopper購(gòu)物者

win（動(dòng)詞）★winner獲勝者

—r—ist

drive（動(dòng)詞）driver駕駛員tour（名詞）tourist旅行者

write（動(dòng)詞）writer作者art（名詞）★artist藝術(shù)家

dance（動(dòng)詞）dancer舞蹈家science（名詞）★scientist科學(xué)家

piano（名詞）pianist鋼琴家

Kittyisdoingsomeresearchonthefamouslinguist2haoYuanren.Hereisabrief

introductiontohim.Readitandanswerthequestionsbelow.

ZhaoYuanren:alanguagemaster

ZhaoYuanrencouldspeakover30Chinesedialects

andsomeforeignlanguageslikeEnglish,Frenchand芽

German.Besideshisgreattalentandstronginterestin

languages.Zhaohadusefulwaystolearnlanguage.

Zhaothoughtitwasimportanttospendasmuch

timeaspossiblereading,speakingandlisteningtothe

language.Everytimehewenttoanewplace,hewould

talkwiththelocals,Uequicklylearnttheirlanguage

byputtinghimselfinthelanguageenvironment.Also,

Zhaoalwayscanriedapenandpaperwithhimtowritedownuseful

sentences.Zhaobelievedthatitwasbesttofocusonlearningsentences

ratherthansinglewords.Inthisway,herememberedthemeaningsor

thewordswell.

Itishardtolearnanewlanguage,butifwedoitthenightway,itwillbe

aloteasier.

趙元任：語(yǔ)言大師

趙元任能講30多種中國(guó)方言和一些外語(yǔ)，如英語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)。除了他的天賦和對(duì)語(yǔ)言的濃厚興趣外,

趙還有學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的啟用方法。

趙認(rèn)為花時(shí)間閱讀、說(shuō)和聽語(yǔ)言非常重要。每次他去一個(gè)新地方，他都會(huì)與當(dāng)?shù)厝私徽?，通過(guò)將自己

置于語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中，他很快就學(xué)會(huì)了他們的語(yǔ)言。止匕外，趙總是隨身帶著筆和紙來(lái)寫下有用的句子。趙相信,

專注于學(xué)習(xí)句子而不是單個(gè)單詞是最好的。這樣，他能很好地記住詞義或單詞。

學(xué)習(xí)一門新語(yǔ)言很難，但如果我們以夜貓子的方式去做，會(huì)容易得多。

，AmyistalkingwithMilieaboutherproblemswhenlearningEnglish.Workinpairs

andtolkaboutthetopic.Usetheconversationbelowasamodel,

Amy:Milie,I'mreallyworriedaboutmyEnglish

Millie:Don'tworry,Amy,ManypeoplefindEnglishhardtolearn.Ithinkyou

shouldtrytolistentoEnglishasoftenaspossible.

Amy:WhatshouldIlistento?

Millie:TlierearcmanyonlineshowswithpeopletalkinginEnglish.But

remember,youdon'thavetounderstandeveryword:trytofocusonthe

mainideaofatalkorspeech.

Amy:That'sagoodidea.Whatelse?

Millie:HowaboutreadingEnglishaloudeverymorning?Trytopronounceeach

wordcorrectly.

Amy:Vilhaveatry.Thankyou,Millie!

艾米正在和米莉談?wù)撍龑W(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的問題。兩人一組，討論這個(gè)話題。使用下面的對(duì)話作為模型。

艾米：米莉。我真的很擔(dān)心我的英語(yǔ)。

米莉：別擔(dān)心，艾米。很多人覺得英語(yǔ)很難學(xué)。我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該盡可能多地聽英語(yǔ)。

艾米：我應(yīng)該聽什么？

米莉：有很多在線節(jié)目都是人們用英語(yǔ)交談的。但是記住，你不必理解每個(gè)單詞：試著關(guān)注談話或演講的

主要觀點(diǎn)。

艾米：那是個(gè)好主意。還有什么？

米莉：每天早上大聲朗讀英語(yǔ)怎么樣？試著正確發(fā)音每個(gè)單詞。

艾米：我會(huì)試一試的。謝謝你，米莉！

三.知識(shí)梳理

1.Therearemoreandmorechancesforpeopletodeveloptheirinterestsindifferentareas

1.interest

(l)-ed/-ing形容詞.

常修飾對(duì)象含義例子

-ed結(jié)尾人自身”感覺...的”Ifeelbored./I'minterestedin

English.

-ing結(jié)尾事物“令人感aboringshow/aninterestingbook

覺.?的”

(2)placeofinterest風(fēng)景名勝，

其中interest為令人感興趣的人/事

［補(bǔ)充］interestn.興趣

have/show(an)interestinsth.二beinterestedin...對(duì)某事物有/表現(xiàn)出興趣

2.developv.發(fā)展；加強(qiáng)；研發(fā)；培養(yǎng)

develop...into...：把…發(fā)展成為...

n:development

Eg.ModemmusicwasfirstdevelopedinItaly.現(xiàn)代音樂最初是在意大利發(fā)展起來(lái)的。

短語(yǔ)：withthedevelopmentofthesociety隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展

【辨析】developing與developed

developing"發(fā)展中的developed"發(fā)達(dá)的

Eg.Doctorstreatedherwithanoperation.醫(yī)生對(duì)她進(jìn)行手術(shù)治療。

2.andmanyofhisfindingsplayedanimportantroleinthehistoryofscience.

as..as.possible是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“盡可能,

as與as之間是形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)形式。

as...possible與as...assbcan/could意思相同。

e.g.Ithinktheywillbebackassoonaspossible.我認(rèn)為他們會(huì)盡可能快地回來(lái)。

e.g.Togetthereontime,youneedtorunasfastaspossible.為了按時(shí)到那兒，你需要盡可能快地跑。

3.Zhaobelievedthatitwasbesttofocusonlearningsentencesratherthansinglewords.

as..as.possible是固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“盡可能,focusonsth集中注意力再某事上被動(dòng)形式：

befocusedonsth

focusondoingsth，集中精力做某事被動(dòng)形式：befocusedondoingsth

4.Inthisway,herememberedthemeaningsofthewordswell.

meaning

詞性中文意思常見用法

meanvt./vi‘品、叫:，,昆、/CJ、meandoingsth.惠味春做呆事/It

是；意圖，打means...meantodosth.打算做某事

算

meaningn.意思（可數(shù)）Thiswordhastwodifferentmeanings.

n.意義（不可數(shù)）Whatisthemeaningoflife?

meaningfuladj.有意義的，有目的的Itismeaningfultodo...

meaninglessadj.無(wú)意義的，無(wú)目的的Itismeaninglesstodo...

5?It'simportanttopractiselittleandoften.

practicedoingsth./exercise

詞性詞義用法范例

練習(xí)；訓(xùn)練IfyoupractisespeakingEnglish,you'll

practiseV.（美式practice）practisedoing

sth.soon

practicen.練習(xí)；訓(xùn)練putideasintopractice

practicaladj.實(shí)際的practicalproblems

V鍛煉Youneedtoexerciseyourbodysoasnottogetsick.

做“兩操一練”domorning/eyeexercisesdo

exercise

n.練習(xí)時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞mathexercises

few/little/atmost/atleast

表不否定含乂表示肯定含義

修飾可數(shù)名詞few:“幾乎沒有afew：“有一點(diǎn)”

修飾不可數(shù)名詞little:“幾乎沒有”alittle：“有一點(diǎn)”

e.g.Fewpeopleunderstandthedifferences.e.g.Afewcarspassedclosebyme.

e.g.Therewaslittledoubtinmymind.

e.g.alittlesugar/tea

few和little的比較級(jí)：

原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)

fewfewerfewest

littlelessleast

補(bǔ)充知識(shí)點(diǎn):

出支

“至少”Shemustbeatleast18.

“至多”Hemustbeatmost30.

“非?！?veryYaoMingisnotalittletall.

“一點(diǎn)都不”=not...atall

I'mreallynotabitsurprised.

用法范例

修飾名詞alittle=abitofHe'ddoanythingforabitofmoney.

修飾形容詞alittle=aIthinkpeoplefeelabitmoreconfident.

bit=alittle

bit

特殊使用alittle:“小的”Alittlehuskymakesalittlenoise.

6.I'mreallyworriedaboutmyEnglish.

1.sthworrysb某事使某人麻煩

sbworryaboutsb/sth=sbbeworriedabout某人擔(dān)憂某人、某事

worriedadj.擔(dān)心的—worryv.擔(dān)憂

7.trytofocusonthemainideaofatalkorspeech.

trytodosth.

(1)trytodosth.VStrydoingsth.

trytodosth.努力/試圖做某事e.g.Asstudents,weshouldtrytolearnEnglishwell

trydoingsth.嘗試做某事e.g.Tomtriedsolvingthisprobleminthisway.

⑵tryn.嘗試

have/takeatrye.g.MayIhaveanothertry?

8.Toyoursurprise.

①surprise驚奇

Eg.toone*ssurprise令某人驚訝的是令人驚訝的事

Eg.Whatabigsurprise!

②surprisevt.使驚奇，使措手不及

Eg.surprisehimalot使他大為驚訝

Sth,surprisesb.

Eg.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatshefailedtheexam.

③surprisedadj.吃驚的，驚訝的

looksurprised看起來(lái)吃驚的樣子（側(cè)重人的感受）asurprisedlook

Sb.besurprisedatsth.

besurprisedtodosth.

④surprisingadj.令人吃驚的

Eg.asurprisingending一個(gè)意想不到的結(jié)局（側(cè)重說(shuō)明事物）

9.IdecidedtomakeaplantoimprovemyEnglish.

decide決定，decidetodosth決定做某事decidenottodosth決定不做某事

decision決定，可數(shù)名詞；makeadecision（todosth）下定決心（做某事）

plan此處用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“計(jì)劃”，指事先做出的安排。

makeaplan（for..）意為“制訂的）計(jì)劃

例：Doyouagreetomyplan?你同意我的計(jì)劃嗎？

Let'smakeaplanfirst.我們先訂個(gè)計(jì)劃吧。

【拓展】plan還可用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“計(jì)劃”，后面跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。

plantodosth.”計(jì)劃做某事”,plan的現(xiàn)在分詞是planningo

例：IplantovisittheGreatWall.我計(jì)劃去游覽長(zhǎng)城。

10.Thenanother10minutes.

anothertwo=twomore

⑴表示數(shù)量的詞（some,any,afew）+more+n.,表示“再多?."

Weneedafewmorepeopletohelpus

（2）同義替換：數(shù)字+more+n.復(fù)數(shù)=another+數(shù)字+n.復(fù)數(shù)（數(shù)字＞1），表示“再，又”

Iwanttoeattwomorehamburgers.=Iwanttoeatanothertwohamburgers.

三.寫作梳理

ReadMilie'sarticleforTeenagersmagazine.

Practicemakesperfect

Duringthesummerholiday,)sawagroupofAmerican

studentsattheTempleofHeaven,*lheyaskedmeabout

(herestaurantsnearby,andIansweredtheminEnglish.

Tomysurprise,theycouldnotunderstandmyEnglish,

andI