2026屆新高考英語熱點沖刺復(fù)習(xí)

定語從句定語從句：項目具體定義用來修飾___________________________的從句。先行詞_________________________叫先行詞。通常位于定語從句__________。關(guān)系詞_________________________叫關(guān)系詞。既起連接作用，又充當(dāng)從句中的一個成分。結(jié)構(gòu)先行詞+定語從句（關(guān)系詞+定語從句剩余部分）作用起_________的作用（故也被稱為形容詞性從句）分類限制性定語從句（沒有逗號），非限制性定語從句（有逗號）。名詞/代詞/名詞性短語被定語從句修飾的詞之前引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞形容詞Thegirlisafamousdancerwholivesnextdoor.先行詞關(guān)系詞限制性與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句作用修飾限定（只可修飾先行詞）補充說明/修飾限定先行詞或主句形式無逗號與主句隔開有逗號與主句隔開意義去掉后，句意不完整去掉后，句意仍完整關(guān)系詞作賓語時可省略(that/which/who/whom)作賓語時不可省略可用that不能用that可用why只能用forwhich，不能用why譯法先譯定語從句，后譯先行詞，常譯為“...的....”可譯為形容詞，也可譯為并列句分類關(guān)系詞-9個先行詞在定從中充當(dāng)成分備注關(guān)系代詞(6個)who人主、賓、表

whom人賓先行詞為人，且關(guān)系詞前有介詞時也用whom：

SheisthepersonfromwhomIlearnalot.which物主、賓、表

that人/物主、賓、表

whose人/物定語（所屬關(guān)系，譯為“......的”）whose+名詞

=the+名詞+ofwhich/whom

=ofwhich/whom+the+名詞as人/物主、賓、表固定搭配：主要用于搭配such、so、thesame、as…as…等，修飾先行詞關(guān)系副詞（3個）whyreason原因狀語when(=forwhich）when時間名詞時間狀語when(=介+which）where地點名詞

（具體/抽象地點）地點狀語where(=介+which）先行詞是case,point,situation,condition,occasion

,scene,race,story,job,activity,work,activity,stage,position,system,site,chapter,sport,game,family,planet,atmosphere,environment,platform,process,context,letter等抽象地點名詞，且在句中作狀語時特殊情況that/inwhich/省略way(“以.......的方式”)

Iliketheway(that/inwhich)shesmiles.限制性定語從句-關(guān)系詞先行詞為名詞、代詞、名詞性短語occasion作“場合”，常用where引導(dǎo)；作“時刻，機會”，常用when引導(dǎo)分類關(guān)系詞-7個先行詞在定從中充當(dāng)成分備注關(guān)系代詞（5個）who人主、表

whom人賓先行詞為人，且關(guān)系詞前有介詞時也用whom：

SheisthepersonfromwhomIlearnalot.which物/整句/句子的一部分主、賓、表只能放主句后whose人/物定語（所屬關(guān)系，譯為“......的”）whose+名詞

=the+名詞+ofwhich/whom

=ofwhich/whom+the+名詞as人/物/整個句子主、賓、表譯為“正如，就像”，可放句子的前中后，固定搭配：常與know,remember,say,see,hear,think,happen,report,expect,show,imagine,pointout,announce等詞或這些詞的被動語態(tài)連用，asisoftenthecase(這是常有的事)關(guān)系副詞（2個）when時間名詞時間狀語when(=介+which）where地點名詞

（具體/抽象地點）地點狀語where(=介+which）先行詞是case,point,situation,condition,occasion

,scene,race,story,job,activity,work,activity,stage,position,system,site,chapter,sport,game,family,planet,atmosphere,environment,platform,process,context,letter等抽象地點名詞，且在句中作狀語時非限制性定語從句-關(guān)系詞先行詞為名詞、代詞、名詞性短語和句子occasion作“場合”，常用where引導(dǎo)；作“時刻，機會”，常用when引導(dǎo)“非限定”使用說明書1.從句中所有的關(guān)系詞都______省略2.從句不能用___________引導(dǎo)3.在“非限定”中,指人的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時，________________,不能用who替換，也不能省略。4.從句置于句首時，不能用_______引導(dǎo)；而用____引導(dǎo)(as可放主句前、中，也可放主句后)不可that/why只能用賓格whomwhichasConclusion定語從句-特殊用法一、只用that,不用which先行詞是特指時，只用that。①先行詞為everything,something,anything,nothing,all,much,any,little,few,

theone,none等不定代詞或先行詞被all,any,no,little,few,much等詞修飾時，只用that。Isthereanything

thatIcandoforyou?②先行詞被絕對形容詞（theonly,thevery,thelast等）修飾時，只用that。ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.(這正是我最近幾天在找的那本書)Sheistheonlypersonthatknowsthetruth.③先行詞被形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾或先行詞本身為序數(shù)詞或最高級時，只用that。ThisisthebesthotpotthatIhaveeverhad.不定、序數(shù)和最高，有人有物怕重復(fù)，只用that不用which，遇事不決選that.that定語從句-特殊用法一、只用that,不用which2.先行詞有人也有物時，只用that。Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersonsthatimpressedthem.3.?主句是以who/which開頭的疑問句時，只用that。??

Whoisthegirlthatissinging?（正在唱歌的女孩是誰？）。????4.?特定句型。①在therebe句型，只用that。??

Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillfree.（角落里有一個座位還是空的）②先行詞同時在主句中作表語時，優(yōu)先使用that。Shanghaiisnolongerthecity

thatitusedtobe.（上海不再是過去的上海）??that不定、序數(shù)和最高，有人有物怕重復(fù)，只用that不用which，遇事不決選that.定語從句-特殊用法二、只用which,不用that非限制定語從句中，先行詞指物/句子，只用which。

Thepencil-case,whichIboughtlastweek,ismissing.（那個鉛筆盒，我上周買的，現(xiàn)在不見了）??2.在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句中，只用which。Thetreeunder

whichweusedtotakearesthasbeencutdown.

（我們過去常在下面休息的那棵樹已砍掉了）??3.當(dāng)先行詞為代詞that或被that修飾時，只用which。

Idon'ttakethat

whichistooexpensive.（我不要太貴的那一個）?4.當(dāng)先行詞為代詞those或被those修飾時，只用which。

Shopkeeperwanttokeepanumberofthosegoodswhichsellbest.(店主想要保留一些銷量最好的商品)Theapplesarethose

whichIboughtyesterday.(那些蘋果是我昨天買的)which定語從句-特殊用法三、that和which交替使用當(dāng)句中有≥2個定語從句時，交替使用that和which以避免重復(fù)。??Hebuiltafactorywhichproducedthings

thatcausedpollution.（他建了一家生產(chǎn)污染物的工廠）which/that交替3.再看引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分①先從句中缺不缺主要成分（主賓表）②如不缺①再看缺不缺定語③以上都不缺，按why-when-where順序判斷缺哪個關(guān)系副詞2.先看先行詞定語從句-解題思維1.先看有沒有逗號1.Thepicturealwaysremindsmeofthemoments(that/which)wespenttogetherinthehighschool.2.Thethoughtofgoingbackhomewasallthatkepthimhappywhilehewasworkingabroad.3.Yourspeechwasheardbyagroupoffivejudges,allofwhomagreedthatitwasthebestonethisyear.4.Mygrandpa,asisoftenthecasewitholdpeople,isfondoftalkingaboutthegoodolddays.5.Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,fromwhichkite-flyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.6.Theywillrunanafter-classclubwherekidscanhavefunandlearnhowtoprotectthemselves.定語從句-練習(xí)7.Thegoodnewsisthatthisstormyperiodwhenteenagerscannotseeeyetoeyewithparentsonanythingwillnotlast.8.Thisistheverydictionarythatisofgreathelp.9.Whoisthemanthatyouweretalkingto?10.Alibraryisaplacewherewecanborrowbooks.11.Whentravelling,wewillenjoyourselvesandlearnsomethingfromtheexploration,whichattractsmeverymuch.12.Atnight,thereisnooneinthestreettowhomyoucanturnforhelp.13.Mensaisasocietyforbrightpeople,anditaimstocreateaplatformwheremanythinkerscanprovidethechancetosharetheirthoughtsandideas.14.Iwillneverforgetthedays(that/which)wespentonthatbeautifulislandtogether.15.Therearespecieslivinginthedepthsoftheoceansaboutwhichwestillknowlittle.定語從句-練習(xí)16.Inaword,booksarethesourceofknowledge,fromwhichwebenefitalot.17.Theyarenowinabetterpositionwheretheycanbeverysuccessfulthisyear.18.Isthisth