統(tǒng)考大學(xué)英語A-按題型①

閱讀理解A

1、Peoplewithdisabilitiescomprisealargepartofthe

population.Itisestimatedthatover35millionAmericanshave

physical,mental,orotherdisabilities.Abouthalfofthese

disabilitiesare"developmental”,i.e.,theyoccurpriortothe

individual'stwenty-secondbirthday,oftenfromgenetic

conditions,andaresevereenoughtoaffectthreeormoreareas

ofdevelopment,suchasmobility,communication,employment,

etc.Mostotherdisabilitiesareconsidered''adventitious",i.e.,

accidentalorcausedbyoutsideforces.

Priortothe20thcentury,onlyasmallpercentageofpeople

withdisabilitiessurvivedforlong.Medicaltreatmentforthese

disabilitieswasunavailable.Advancementsinmedicineand

socialserviceshavecreatedaclimateinwhichpeoplewith

disabilitiescanexpecttohavesuchbasicneedsasfood,shelter,

andmedicaltreatment.Unfortunately,thesebasicsareoftennot

available.Civillibertiessuchastherighttovote,marry,getan

education,andgainemploymenthavehistoricallybeendenied

onthebasisofdisability.

Inrecentdecades,thedisabilityrightsmovementhasbeen

organizedtofightagainsttheseinfringementsofcivilrights.

Congressrespondedbypassingmajorlegislationrecognizing

peoplewithdisabilitiesasaprotectedclassundercivilrights

statutes.Stilltoday,peoplewithdisabilitiesmustfighttolive

theirlivesindependently.Itisestimatedthatmorethanhalfof

qualifiedAmericanswithdisabilitiesareunemployed,anda

majorityofthosewhodoworkareunderemployed.Abouttwo-

thirdsliveatorbelowtheofficialpovertylevel.

Significantbarriers,especiallyintransportationandpublic

awareness,preventdisabledpeoplefromtakingpartinsociety.

Forexample,whilenolongerprohibitedbylawfrommarrying,

apersonwithnoaccesstotransportationiseffectivelyexcluded

fromcommunityandsocialactivities,whichmightleadtothe

developmentoflong-termrelationships.Itwillonlybewhen

publicattitudesadvanceasfaraslawshavethatdisabledpeople

willbefullyabletotaketheirrightfulplaceinsociety.

1)>A"developmental"disability.

A.developsveryslowlyovertime

B.iscausedbyoutsideforces

C.occursinyouthandaffectsdevelopment

D.isgettingmoreandmoresevere

答案：C

2)、Mostdisabledpeopleusedtodieearlybecause.

A.disabilitiesdestroyedmajorbodilyfunctions

B.thcycouldnotreceivemedicalcare

C.theywerenotverywelllookedafter

D.theyweretoopoortogetpropertreatment

答案：B

3)、Whatarethetwoimportantobstaclesthatstopthe

disabledfromparticipatinginthesociety?

A.Publicawarenessandpoverty

B.Povertyandlackofmedicaltreatment

C.Lackofeducationandtherighttovote

0.Transportandpublicawareness

答案：D

4)>Intheauthor'sopinion,toenablethedisabledpeopleto

taketheirrightfulplaceinsociety,.

A.morelawsshouldbepassed

B.morepublicfacilitiesshouldbesetup

C.governmentshouldprovidemoreaids

D.publicattitudesshouldbechanged

答案：D

5)、Thebesttitleforthispassagemightbe.

A.ThedifficultiesoftheDisabled

B.HandicapsofPeoplewithDisabilities

C.TheCausesforDisabilities

D.MedicalTreatmentsforDisabilities

答案：A

2>Therewillbelotsofnewaromas（香味）attheRocky

GapMusicFestivalthisweekend.Thosearomaswillcomefrom

cigars-lotsofcigars.Theorganizersofthisyear*sfestival

decidedtohaveacigarbaratRockyGapaftertheysawthe

successofcigarbarsatothermusicfestivals.LeeSchwartzis

theownerofacigarstoreinCumberland,Maryland.The

festivalorganizersaskedhimifhewouldsellhiscigarsatthe

RockyGapfestival.Schwartzthoughtitwasagoodidea.

Alargernumberofpeoplearenowsmokingcigars.Therehas

beenahugeincreaseinthenumberofpeoplewhosmokecigars.

AccordingtoSchwartz,"thenumberofcigarsmokershas

exploded.Internationalcigarsaleshaveincreasedby500

percentinthelastthreeyears.

Schwartzsaidthathisstoresells70differentcigarbrands.

“Threeyearsago,“hesaid,“wesoldabout150cigarsamonth

inmyshop.Nowthattheyaresopopular,wesellabout450a

month."Thereisalotofdemandforgood,importedcigars.

Schwartzsaidhegetshiscigarsfromimporters,manufacturers,

andsalesrepresentatives.

“Cigarsbecameverypopularafewyearsago.Buttherewas

notenoughsupplytomeetthedemand,becauseitcantakeupto

fiveyearstoproduceagood,agedcigarJSchwartzsaid.During

thelastfewmonths,morecigarshavebecomeavailable.They

aregettingeasiertofindandbuynow.Infact,cigarbarsare

openingalloverthecountry.Bothmenandwomenenjoycigars.

Schwartzsaidthat75percentofimportedcigarmanufacturers

areHispanic."Ifoundout,,,hesaid,"thattoconductbusiness,

I'mgoingtohavetolearnasecondlanguage.

1）、Thepassagefocuseson.

A.gettingridofsmoking

B.harmsofhavingcigars

C.theincreasingcigarsale

D.theindustryofcigarettes

答案：C

2）、Whydidtheorganizersdecidetohaveacigarbaratthe

MusicFestival?

A.Cigarsweresoldwellatothermusicfestivals.

B.Theydidn'thaveanystorestosellcigarettes.

C.Thestategovernmentrequiredthemtodoso.

D.Youngpeopleprefercigarstoanythingelse.

答案：A

3）、Theword“explode”inthe2n（^paragraphmeans.

A.toburstwithaviolentreleaseofenergy

B.toincreasequicklyinashortperiod

C.toshowaviolentemotionalreaction

D.toemergewithviolenceorbignoise

答案：B

4）、TheamountofcigarssoldinSchwartz'sshopnowis

timesasmanyasthreeyearsago.

A.3

B.4

C.5

D.6

答案：A

5）、Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat.

A.Nobodylikedcigarsafewyearsago

B.manyimportedcigarsarefromIndia

C.womenprefercigarettestocigars

D.goodcigarsmaytakelongtoproduce

答案：D

3、Throughoutthecolonialperiodtherewasaremarkable

shortageofwomen,whichvariedwiththeregionsandwas

alwaysgreatestinthefrontierareas.Thisshortageenhanced

（提高）women*sstatusandpositionandallowedthemto

pursuedifferentcareers.Thepuritans（清教徒）regarded

idlenessasasin（罪惡）,andbelievedthatlifeinan

underdevelopmentcountrymadeitnecessarythateachmember

ofthecommunityperformedaneconomicfunction.Thuswork

forwomenwasnotonlyapprovedbutalsowasregardedasa

civic（公民的）duty.Puritantowncouncilsexpectedwidows

andindependentwomentobeself-supporting.Therewasno

socialprohibitionagainstmarriedwomenworking;onthe

contrary,wiveswereexpectedtohelptheirhusbandsintheir

tradeandwonsocialapprovalfordoingextraworkinoroutof

thehome.

Thevastmajorityofwomenworkedwithintheirhomes,

wheretheirlaborproducedmostarticlesneededforthefamily.

Theentirecolonialproductionofclothandclothingandpartly

thatofshoeswasinthehandsofwomen.Inadditiontothese

occupations,womenwerefoundinmanydifferentkindsof

employment.Theywerebutchers,silversmithsandgunsmiths.

Theyranmills,plantations,shipyards,andeverykindofshop.

Theyweregatekeepers,jailkeepers,journalists,printers,nurses,

andteachers.

1）、Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Colonialmarriages.

B.Thepuritanreligion.

C.Colonialwomen'semployment.

0.Educationinthecolonies.

答案：C

2）、Accordingtothepassage,whereincolonialNorth

Americaweretherethefewestwomen?

A.Puritancommunities.

B.Seaports.

C.Frontiersettlements.

D.Capitalcities.

答案：C

3）、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthePuritanswere

A.uneducated

B.hardworking

C.generous

D.wealthy

答案：B

4）、Accordingtothepassage,Puritansbelievedthatan

unmarriedadultwomanshouldbe.

A.financiallyresponsibleforherself

B.returnedtoEngland

C.supportedbyherfamily

D.trainedtobeanurse

答案：A

5）、Accordingtothepassage,whatdidthePuritansexpect

frommarriedwomen?

A.Theyshouldadoptneedychildren.

B.Theyshouldassistintheirhusbands*tradeorbusiness.

C.Theyshouldworkonlywithintheirownhomes.

D.Theyshouldbeapprenticed.

答案：B

4、Wedoloveourchildren,butwhattheycandotoour

marriagesisanotherstory.Arecentreviewfoundthatmarriage

satisfactiondropped42%afterthefirstbaby.Theshiftfrom

loverstoparentscanrockyourmarriagedowntoitsroots.

That'swhywe'reheretohelp.

First,don'tblameyourselvesonmistakesyoumade.Experts

saythefirstbabyisthebiggestchallengeyourmarriagewill

everface.You'rebothlackofexperience,soit'snobigdealif

eachofyoumakesanymistake.Don'tfeelguiltyorpersonally

responsibleforthemistakesanddon'tblameyourspouse（配偶）.

You'reonlyresponsibleifyoudon'tdoanythingtofixthemup.

Second,talkaboutyourfrustrations（沮喪）andfatigue.You

mustknowthatkissesandhugsarenotallforcaringforyour

littleone;feeding,changing,bathingandentertainingyourbaby

makeyoufeelexhaustedphysicallyandmentally.Youshould

findtimetotalktogetheraboutyourfrustrations,fatigue,and

evenmomentsofanger.Thesefeelingsarenormal-notasign

thatyou'reabadparent.Acceptingeachother'sfeelingscan

evenkeepyoufeelingcloser.

Third,befrankaboutthelossesaswellasthegains.New

parentsoftenwornedsilentlyandseparatelyaboutalltheways

anewbabyhaschangedtheirlives,creatingmarriagedistance.

Anewdadmayfeelthatthenewbabyhastakenhisplaceas

numberoneinhiswife'saffection.Anewmommayfeelsad

aboutthewayspregnancy,nursing,andthedemandsofchild

carehavechangedherbody.Thesefeelingsarenormaltoo.

Sharingthemwillhelpyoufeelbetter.

Finally,takepartingroupsfornewparents.Ifyoucompare

noteswithothernewparents,youcanbeprovidedwith

emotionalsupport.Youwillalsohaveasenseofsurethat,no

matterhowbusythingsare,it'sjustpartoflife.You'llbefar

lesslikelytoblameyourmarriageandmuchmorelikelytofind

solutions—andfeelgoodaboutwhatyou'redoingtogether.

1）、Thepurposeofthepassageisto.

A.warnloversnottohavechildren

B.dosomeresearchesonmarriage

C.teachpeoplehowtomakefriends

D.helploversadapttotheroleasparents

答案：D

2）、Accordingtotheauthor,itifyoumakemistakes

whenlookingafteryourfirstbaby.

A.doesn*tmatter

B.isimportant

C.candoharm

D.isdangerous

答案：A

3）、Whichofthefollowingissuggestedtobesharedbetween

couples?

A.Frustrations.

B.Fatigue.

C.Anger.

D.A11oftheabove.

答案：D

4）、Ifyoucomparenoteswithothernewparents,youwillfind

A.lifevariestoomuch

B.itsjustpartoflife

C.lifeiscomplicated

D.marriageisperfect

答案：B

5）、Howmanysuggestionsdoestheauthorgiveinthis

passage?

A.Two.

B.Three.

C.Four.

D.Five

答案：C

5、Inthesamewaythatachildmustbeabletomovehis

armsandlegsbeforehecanlearntowalk,thechildmust

physiologicallybecapableofproducingandexperiencing

particularemotionsbeforetheseemotionscanbemodified

throughlearning.Psychologistshavefoundthattherearetwo

basicprocessesbywhichlearningtakesplace.Onekindof

learningiscalled''classicalconditioning'1.Thisoccurswhenone

eventorstimulusisconsistentlypairedwith,orfollowedby,a

rewardorpunishment.Itisthroughclassicalconditioningthata

childlearnstoassociatehismother'sfaceandvoicewith

happinessandlove,forhelearnsthatthispersonprovidesfood

andcomfort.Negativeemotionsarelearnedinasimilarfashion.

Thesecondkindoflearningiscalled"operantconditioning".An

individuallearnstodothingsthatproducerewardsinhis

environmentandlearnsnottodothingsthatproduce

punishments.Forexample,ifamotheralwaysattendstoher

babywhenhecriesandcuddleshimuntilheisquiet,shemay

teachhimthatifhecrieshewillgetattentionfrommother.Thus,

thebabywilllearntoincreasehiscryinginordertohavehis

mothermore.Everyday,wegrowandhavenewexperiences.

Weconstantlylearnbyreading,watchingtelevision,interacting

withotherpeopleandsoforth.Thislearningaffectsour

emotions.Whyisitthatwelearntolikesomepeopleanddislike

others?Ifapersonisnicetous,caresaboutus,welearnto

associatethispersonwithpositivefeelings,suchasjoy,

happiness,andfriendliness.Ontheotherhand,ifapersonis

meantous,doesnotcareaboutus,andevendeliberatelydoes

thingstoharmus,welearntoassociatethispersonwith

negativefeelings,suchasunhappiness,discomfort,andanger.

1）、Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthepassageisto

A.giveparentssomeadviceonhowtobringupchildren

B.debatewithpsychologistsonpeople'spositiveandnegative

feelings

C.teachchildrenhowtolearntoproduceandexperiencecertain

emotions

D.informthegeneralreaderoftwobasicprocessesofmodifying

emotionsthroughlearning

答案：D

2）>Inclassicalconditioning,achildlearnsto.

A.associateoneeventwitharewardorpunishment

B.dothingsthatproducerewards

C.receivearewardwhenhefeelhappy

D.recognizehismother'sfaceandvoice

答案：A

3）、Whichofthefollowingisacaseof"operant

conditioning,,?

A.Childrenlearntodothingsthatproducepunishment.

B.Thebabyfeelshappywhenheseeshismother'sface.

C.Childrenlearntomixwithothersbyreading,watchingTV

andsoforth.

D.Thebabyincreaseshiscryingbecausehismotherattendsto

himwheneverhecries.

答案：D

4）、Theunderlinedword“fashion“canbereplacedby

A.vogue

B.route

C.manner

D.fate

答案：C

5）、Accordingiothepassage,positivefeelingsinclude

A.care,association,andniceperson

B.joy,happiness,andfriendliness

C.comfort,cares,andanger

D.reading,watchingTV,andinteractingwithothers

答案；B

6^Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeensosince

the1960swhenpackagedfoodfirstappearedwiththelabel,

“storeintherefrigerator.^^

InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwelland

healthily.Themilkmancamedaily,thegrocer,thebutcher,the

bakerandtheice-creammandeliveredtwoorthreetimesa

week.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplus

breadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswasted

andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearson,

fooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetablesarealmost

unobtainableinthecountry.

Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittle

totheartoffoodpreservation.Avastwayofwell-tried

techniquesalreadyexisted—naturalcooling,drying,smoking,

salting,sugaring,bottling...

Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing—marketing

hardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdead

bodiesofanimalaroundtheglobeinsearchofagoodprice.

Consequently,mostoftheworld'sfridgesaretobefound,

notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butinthe

wealthycountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyare

climaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsof

fridgeshumawaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busily

maintaininganartificially-cooledspaceinsideanartificially-

heatedhouse,whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesired

temperaturefreeofcharge.

Thefridge'seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,

whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.

Ifyoudon'tbelieveme,tryityourself,investinafoodcabinet

andturnoffyoufridgenextwinter.Youmaymissthe

hamburgers,butatleastyou'llgetridofthatterriblehum.

1）、ThestatementHInmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,Iwas

fedwellandhealthily."（Para.2）suggeststhat.

A.theauthorwaswell-fedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgein

hisfifties

B.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtousingfridgeseveninhis

fifties

C.therewasnofridgeintheauthor'shomeinthe1950s

D.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s

答案：C

2）、Whydoestheauthorsaythatnothingwaswastedbefore

theinventionoffridges?

A.Peoplewouldnotbuymorefoodthanwasnecessary.

B.Foodwasdeliveredtopeopletwoorthreetimesaweek.

C.Foodwassoldfreshanddidnotgetrotteneasily.

D.Peoplehadeffectivewaystopreservetheirfood.

答案：D

3）、Whobenefitedtheleastfromfridgesaccordingtothe

author?

A.Inventors.

B.Manufacturers.

C.Consumers.

D.Travellingsalesmen.

答案：B

4）、Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraph

indicatesthefridge'snegativeeffectontheenvironment?

A.Humawaycontinuously.

B.Artificially-cooledspace.

C.Climaticallyalmostunnecessary.

D.Withmildtemperatures.

答案：A

5）、Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardfridges?

A.Neutral.

B.Objective.

C.Critical.

D.Compromising.

答案：B

7、AttheUniversityofKansasartmuseum,investigators

testedtheeffectsofdifferentcoloredwallsoilIwogroupsof

visitorstoanexhibitofpaintings.Forthefirstgrouptheroom

waspaintedwhite;forthesecond,theroomwaspainteddark

brown.Movementofeachgroupwasfollowedbyanelectrical

systemunderthecarpet.Investigatorsmadecarefulobservations

andanalyzedthedatagatheredandcomparedthedifferences

betweenthetwogroups.Theexperimentrevealedthatthose

whoenteredthedarkbrownroomwalkmorequickly,covered

morearea,andspentlesstimeintheroomthanthepeopleinthe

whiteenvironment.Sotheconclusioncanbereachedlikethis:

darkbrownstimulatemoreactivity,buttheactivityended

sooner.

Notonlythechoiceofcolorsbutalsothegeneralappearance

ofaroomcommunicatesandinfluencesthoseinside.Another

experimentpresentedsubjects（受試者）withphotographsof

facesthatweretoberatedintermsofenergyandwell-being.

Threegroupsofsubjectswereused;eachwasshownthesame

photos,buteachgroupwasinadifferentkindofroom.One

groupwasinan"ugly"roomthatresembledamessystoreroom.

Anothergroupwasinanaverageroom—aniceoffice.Thethird

groupwasinatastefullydesignedlivingroomwithcarpetsand

curtains.Resultsshowedthatthesubjectsinthebeautifulroom

tendedtogivehigherratingstothefacesthandidthoseinthe

uglyroom.Otherstudiessuggestthatstudentsdobetterontests

takenincomfortable,attractiveroomsthaninordinary-looking

oruglyrooms.

1）、Investigatorsfollowedthemovementofthetwogroupsby

A.anexhibitofpaintings

B.constantobservation

C.anelectricdevice

D.thecarpet

答案：C

2）、Thefirstexperimentshowedthatpeoplewhoenteredthe

whiteroom_____thanthepeopleinthedarkbrownroom.

A.stayedlongerinit

B.spentlesstimeinit

C.weremoreactive

D.walkedmorequickly

答案：A

3）>Inthesecondexperimentthesubjectswereaskedto

decide.

A.whetherthepeopleinthephotoswerebrightornot

B.howenergeticandhealthythepeopleinthephotoswere

C.whethertheylikedthepeopleinthephotosornot

D.whatmoodthepeopleinthephotoswerein

答案：B

4）、Ifstudentsaretogetbettermarksinexam,it'sbetterto

A.arrangethemtositinordinary-lookingrooms

B.decoratetheirbedroomstastefully

C.ignoretheenvironmenttheyareinwhentheyaretaking

exams

0.providethemwithcomfortable,niceroomsfortakingthe

exam

答案：D

5）、Themainideaofthepassageisthat.

A.studiesmakecleartheeffectsofthecolorofaroomon

people'sbehavior

B.thecolorofaroomaffectsthebehaviorofthepeopleinit

C.thecolorandgeneralappearanceofaroominfluencethe

behaviorandattitudeofthepeopleinit

D.beautifullydecoratedroomscancheerupthepeopleinside

答案：C

8>Fromthetimewewerebabieswehavebeentaughtour

manners.Wearetaughthowtoholdaknifeandaforkandnot

totalkwithourmouthsfull.Wearetaughthowtoshakehands

andwhentostandandwhentositandthewaytointroduce

people.

Sometimesgoodmannersinoneplaceareverybadmanners

somewhereelse.Almosteverywhereeatingtogethermeansthat

youareveryfriendlytoeachother.ButinpartsofPolynesiait

isbadmannerstobeseeneatingatall.Theypolitelyturntheir

backsoneachotherwhentheyaretakingfood.

SomeEastAfricansspitfourtimesasakindofblessing（祝

福）.Theydoittoshowthattheywantasickpersontogetwell,

ortoblessanewbornbaby.Inmostotherplaces,spittingmeans

justsomethingcompletelydifferent.It'ssomethingtodoto

showthatyouhatesomeone.

Whenwegotovisitsomeonewesay'Hello'1and"Howare

you1'andthingslikethat.IfyouwerevisitinganEastAfrican

village,everyonewouldbeverycarefulnottopayanyattention

toyou.Thepolitethingtherewouldbeforyoutogoquietly,

withoutspeakingtoanyone,andsitbesideyourfriend.You

wouldwaituntilhehadfinishedwhathewasdoingandthenhe

wouldbegintalkingtoyou.

InavillageinArab,avisitorwalksbehindallthetentsuntil

hegetstotheonehewantstovisit.Ifhepassedinfront,he

wouldbeinvitedintoeachtentandaskedtoeat.Itwasrudeto

refuse.

1)、Wehavebeentaught.

A.it'sbadmannerstostandandtosit

B.it'sgoodmannerstoholdaknifeandafork

C.it'sgoodmannersnottotalkwithourmouthsfull

D.howtoshakehandswhenweintroducepeople

答案：C

2)>InpartsofPolynesiait*snotpolite.

A.tobeeatingalone

B.tostandeating

C.tobeseeneating

D.totakefoodaway

答案：C

3)、Inmostplaces,spittingmeans.

A.akindofblessing

B.youwantasickpersontogetwell

C.yougiveanew-bornbabytheblessing

D.youhatesomeone

答案：D

4)>IfyouvisitanEastAfricanvillage,you.

A.hadbettersay"Hello"or"Howareyou"toothers

B.willkeepquietandnottospeaktoanyone

C.shouldbeverycarefulandnottopayanyattentiontoothers

D.mustwaituntilthevillagershavefinishedtheirworkandthen

begintotalktothem

答案：B

5)、IfyoupassinfrontofthetentsinArab,.

A.youwouldbeinvitedinandeatineachtent

B.youjustrefusetogointothetent

C.youcanwalkbehindallthetents

D.youcan'tgettotheoneyouwanttovisit

答案：A

9、In776BC,thefirstOlympicGameswereheldatthefoot

ofMountOlympustohonortheGreeks1chiefgod,Zeus.The

Greeksemphasizedphysicalfitnessandstrengthintheir

educationofyouth.Therefore,contestsinrunning,jumping,

discusandjavelinthrowing,boxing,andhorseandchariot

racingwereheldinindividualcities.Theparticipantscompeted

everyfouryearsatMountOlympus.Thewinnersweregreatly

honoredbyhavingolivewreathsplacedontheirheadsand

havingpoemssungabouttheirdeeds.Originally,thesewere

heldasgamesoffriendship,andanywarsinprogresswere

stoppedtoallowthegamestotakeplace.

TheGreeksattachedsomuchimportancetothesegamesthat

theycalculatedtimeinfour-yearcyclescalled“Olympiads”

datingfrom776BC.

1）、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Thewinnersplacedolivewreathsontheirshoulders.

B.ThegameswereheldinGreeceeveryfouryears.

C.Battleswereinterruptedtoparticipateinthegames.

D.Poemsglorifiedthewinnersinsong.

答案：A

2）、WhyweretheOlympicGamesheld?

A.Tostopwars.

B.TohonorZeus.

C.Tocrownthebestathletes.

D.Tosingsongsabouttheathletes.

答案：B

3）、Approximatelyhowmanyyearsagodidthesegames

originate?

A.800years.

B.1200years.

C.2300years.

D.2800years.

答案：D

4）、WhichofthefollowingcontestswasNOTmentioned?

A.Discusthrowing.

B.Boxing.

C.Skating.

0.Running.

答案：C

5）、Whatconclusioncanwedrawabouttheancient

Greeks?

A.Theyliketofight.

B.Theywereveryathletic.

C.Theylikedalotofceremonies.

D.Theycouldn'tcount,sotheyused"Olympiads”fordates.

答案：B

10、In1985,theCoca-colacompanymadethedecisionto

changetheformulaofitsleadingsoftdrink.Thechangewas

basedonthefindingsofmanymarketstudies.Thesestudieshad

shownthatthegeneralresponsetothenewproductwasgood.

However,thechangeofthetraditionalCoca-colabyNewCoke

wasrejectedbythemajorityofdrinkers.Infact,thecompany

hadtostepbackandrestartproductionoftheoldformulaof

Coca-cola.

ThemostimportantreasonwhyNewCokewasrejectedwas

theemotionalrelationshipthatexistedbetweendrinkersandthe

oldsoftdrinkformula.DrinkingCoca-colahadbecomea

traditionformanypeopleoverits99yearsofexistence.The

changemadebythecompanywasnotonlyinCoke'sformula

butalsointhetraditionalvaluesandmemoriesthatit

representedtothedrinkers.4<Wehadtakenawaymorethanthe

productCoca-cola.Wehadtakenawayalittlepartofthemand

theirpast."Thedrinkersrejectedthis“improvement”,because

“theybelievedthatCokestoodfbrtraditionalvalue...sotheyfelt

betrayedwhentheproductchangedcompletelyovernight”.

AlthoughalotofresearchwasdonebyCoca-colacompany,

itdidn'tshowthedepthofdrinkers^motionfortheproduct.

Thestudiestookmanyforms,butnoneofthetestswasableto

measurethedegreeofpersonalandemotionalreactionscaused

bythedisappearanceoftheold,traditionalCoca-cola.The

weaknessoftheresearchwasthatitwasmainlyquantitativein

form.Theresultwasonlynumbersthatcouldnotshowthedeep

meaningtheproducthadformanypeople.Amoreextensive

studyfocusingonthequalitativeaspectsofthechangewould

perhapshavebeenabletodemonstratethecloserelationship

existingbetweendrinkersandproduct.

1）、Coca-colacompanychangedtheformulain1985because

A.itledthesoftdrinkindustryinthemarket

R.itsmarketstudiessupportedthechangeintheformula

C.itcarriedoutmarketresearchforexpansion

D.itsimplyfelttheneedtomakethechange

答案：B

2）、Accordingtothepassage,thedrinkersrejectedNewCoke

becauseof.

A.thelateresponsetothemarketbyCoca-colacompany

B.thereproductionofCoca-cola^olddrinkformula

C.astrongdislikebyCoca-cola'sregulardrinkers

D.theemotionalrelationshipbetweenthedrinkersandtheold

softdrink

答案：D

3）、TheproductCoca-colawasbelievedtostandfor

A.traditionalvaluesandgoodmemories

B.traditionalcustomsandhappydays

C.pasthonorsandefficientmanagement

D.topqualityandwonderfultaste

答案：A

4）、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.ResearchbyCoca-colaconsideredemotionalfactors.

B.Coca-coladidlittleresearchbeforetheymadethechange.

C.ResearchbyCoca-colawasquantitativeratherthanqualitative.

0.ResearchbyCoca-colawasbothquantitativeandqualitative.

答案：C

5）、Theauthorofthearticleclearlyindicatesthat.

A.theweaknessoftheresearchcouldhavebeenremoved

B.Coca-colashouldhavemeasuredthequantitativefactorsmore

carefully

C.Coca-colashouldhavedoneamoreextensivequalitative

study

D.Aslowerchangeoftheproductmighthaveimprovedthe

salesofthecompany

答案：C

11、Areportconsistentlybroughtbackbyvisitorsto