2/2Unit5核心單詞＋詞形轉(zhuǎn)換＋詞匯精講＋熟詞新意＋寫(xiě)作遷移復(fù)習(xí)方案一、重點(diǎn)單詞分類(lèi)——夯基礎(chǔ)(一)核心單詞[第一組]1．disastern. 災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍2．floodn. 洪水，水災(zāi)3．hurricanen. 颶風(fēng)4．wildlifen. 野生動(dòng)植物，野生生物5．commentn. 評(píng)論；意見(jiàn)6．landscapen. 風(fēng)景，景色7．livingadj. 活的，活著的8．soiln. 土壤9．climaten. 氣候10．ecologyn. 生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)11．lecturen. 講座，講課；演講12．overusevt. 過(guò)度使用；濫用13．millionn. 百萬(wàn)14．greenhousen. 溫室，暖房15．titlen. 題目，標(biāo)題16．waven. 海浪；波濤17．escapevi.&vt. 逃離；逃避18．filen. 檔案，卷宗19．poetryn. 詩(shī)歌；作詩(shī)的藝術(shù)20．souln. 靈魂[第二組]21．horribleadj. 可怕的，嚇人的，令人恐懼的22．edgen. 邊緣23．extentn. 面積；長(zhǎng)度；范圍；程度24．tuben. 圓管，管子；(倫敦)地鐵25．rescuen．&vt. 營(yíng)救；救援26．vehiclen. 交通工具，車(chē)輛27．trapvt. 困?。皇瓜萦谖ｋU(xiǎn)中28．measurevt. 估量，衡量；測(cè)量29．overseasadv. 在海外，在外國(guó)30．siten. 場(chǎng)所，地點(diǎn)31．processn. 過(guò)程，進(jìn)程32．battlen. 較量，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；斗爭(zhēng)；戰(zhàn)斗33．dutyn. 職責(zé)，義務(wù)；責(zé)任34．conductvt. 實(shí)施；進(jìn)行；執(zhí)行vi.&vt. 指揮35．lampn. 燈36．nearbyadv. 附近37．captainn. 上校；隊(duì)長(zhǎng)；組長(zhǎng)38．polaradj. 極地的，地極的39．continentn. 洲，大洲；大陸40．sheltern. 避難所41．metaln. 金屬(二)拓展單詞[第一組]1．droughtn．旱災(zāi)，干旱→dryadj.干的；干燥的；口渴的2．eruptionn．爆發(fā)→eruptvi.(火山)爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)3．crowdedadj.擁擠的；擠滿人的→crowdn．人群vt.擠滿；使擁擠4．shockvt.使震驚；使難以置信→shockedadj.驚愕的，震驚的→shockingadj.令人震驚的；令人憤慨的；不道德的5．survivevi.&vt.活下來(lái)；幸存→survivaln．幸存→survivorn．幸存者6．tidaladj.潮汐的，潮水的→tiden．潮汐7．mysteryn．神秘事物，難以理解的事物→mysteriousadj.神秘的，不可思議的，難解的8．frightenedadj.受驚的，害怕的→frightn．害怕→frightenvt.使吃驚；驚嚇，嚇?！鷉righteningadj.令人害怕的，令人恐懼的9．curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇，好奇心10．observationn．觀察；觀察結(jié)果→observevt.觀察；注意→observern．觀察者；評(píng)論者；遵守者11．equaladj.相等的；相同的→equalityn．相等；平等→equallyadv.平等地；相等地12．a(chǎn)ttemptn．&vt.努力，嘗試，企圖→attemptedadj.未遂的13．interruptvt.打斷講話→interruptionn．打擾，干擾；中止；阻礙14．deathn．死，死亡→dievi.死亡，去世→deadadj.死的；無(wú)趣的，無(wú)生氣的15．lossn．喪失；死亡→losevt.喪失；遺失；錯(cuò)過(guò)；浪費(fèi)→lostadj.丟失的，迷路的16．damagen．傷害，損傷，損害→damagingadj.造成破壞的；有害的；損害的→damagedadj.損壞的，受損的17．operationn．行動(dòng)，活動(dòng)；手術(shù)；操作→operatevt.&vi.操作；動(dòng)手術(shù)；經(jīng)營(yíng)，管理→operatorn．操作員；經(jīng)營(yíng)者；行家18．sufferingn．(肉體或精神上的)痛苦；折磨→suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷→sufferern．受難者；患者；被害者[第二組]19．protectionn．保護(hù)；防護(hù)→protectvt.保護(hù)，防護(hù)20．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn．呼吸21．dustn．灰塵；塵?！鷇ustyadj.滿是灰塵的，落滿灰塵的22．explorern．探險(xiǎn)者；勘察者→explorev．考察，探險(xiǎn)→explorationn．探險(xiǎn)；探索23．preparationn．預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備→preparevt.預(yù)備，準(zhǔn)備→preparedadj.有準(zhǔn)備的；經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)制的24．basen．基地，大本營(yíng)；基礎(chǔ)vt.以……為基地→basisn．基礎(chǔ)；基點(diǎn)→basicadj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的→basicallyadv.基本上，從根本上說(shuō)25．a(chǎn)nxiouslyadv.焦慮地；不安地→anxiousadj.焦慮的，不安的→anxietyn．焦慮；擔(dān)心；渴望26．a(chǎn)mbitionn．抱負(fù)，雄心；追求，夙愿→ambitiousadj.抱負(fù)不凡的，有野心的，雄心勃勃的27．cheerfuladj.高興的，興高采烈的→cheervi.&vt.歡呼；喝彩；加油n．歡呼聲，喝彩聲28．provevt.證明；證實(shí)→proofn．證據(jù)，證明adj.防……的29．distantadj.久遠(yuǎn)的；遙遠(yuǎn)的→distancen．距離30．honestyn．坦誠(chéng)；誠(chéng)實(shí)，正直→honestadj.誠(chéng)實(shí)的31．sincerityn．真誠(chéng)，真摯，誠(chéng)實(shí)→sincerelyadv.由衷地，真誠(chéng)地，真心實(shí)意地→sincereadj.真誠(chéng)的，誠(chéng)摯的，誠(chéng)懇的32．braveryn．勇氣；勇敢的行為→braveadj.勇敢的；無(wú)畏的vt.勇敢面對(duì)；冒(風(fēng)險(xiǎn))；經(jīng)受(困難)33．variedadj.各種各樣的，形形色色的→varyvi.變化→varietyn．種類(lèi)；多樣性→variousadj.各種各樣的，各種不同的34．scaryadj.可怕的，恐怖的→scarevt.使(某人)驚恐，嚇?！鷖caredadj.恐懼的；害怕的35．harmlessadj.無(wú)害的→harmvt.&n.傷害，損害→harmfuladj.有害的，導(dǎo)致?lián)p害的36．originalityn．獨(dú)創(chuàng)性；創(chuàng)造力→originn．起源；源頭；身世，出身→originatevi.&vt.發(fā)源；產(chǎn)生，來(lái)自；發(fā)明，創(chuàng)作→originaladj.獨(dú)創(chuàng)的，原始的；原來(lái)的，開(kāi)始的→originallyadv.原先，最初37．disappearancen．消亡；消失→disappearvi.消失，不見(jiàn)→appearvi.出現(xiàn)；顯得→appearancen．出現(xiàn)；外貌，外觀37．skiingn．滑雪運(yùn)動(dòng)→skin．滑雪板；vi.滑雪(三)閱讀單詞[第一組]1．landsliden. 滑坡；塌方2．volcanicadj. 火山的；由火山作用引起的3．weedn. 野草；海藻4．deern. 鹿5．insectn. 昆蟲(chóng)6．whalen. 鯨7．dolphinn. 海豚8．sharkn. 鯊(魚(yú))9．kangaroon. 袋鼠10．eaglen. 鷹[第二組]11．foxn. 狐貍12．junglen. (熱帶)叢林13．whirlpooln. 漩渦14．floatvi. 浮；漂15．descentn. 下降，下落16．barreln. 桶17．sledgen. 雪橇18．tentn. 帳篷19．brochuren. 小冊(cè)子20．a(chǎn)ftershockn. (地震的)余震二、必備短語(yǔ)分組——抓落實(shí)(一)英譯漢1．a(chǎn)saresult 結(jié)果，因此2．inthedirectionof 朝……方向3．ontheedgeof 在……邊緣；某事快要發(fā)生(尤指不好的事)4．a(chǎn)headofschedule 提前，先于預(yù)定時(shí)間5．leavefor 動(dòng)身去……6．turnone'sback(onsb/sh) 對(duì)……置之不理，對(duì)……撒手不管7．runout 用完；耗盡(二)漢譯英8．becoveredwith 覆蓋著……9．inthefaceof 面對(duì)……10．befamousfor 因?yàn)椤雒?1．onthewayto 在去往……的路上12．breakdown 停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，出故障13．inthehistoryof 在……的歷史上14．bemadeupof 由……組成15．breathein 吸氣三、經(jīng)典句式默背——積佳句(一)句型公式1．a(chǎn)sif引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句Ifeltsick,asifIwasfallingfromamountaintopinadream.我覺(jué)得惡心，好像在夢(mèng)中從山頂上掉下來(lái)似的。2．the＋比較級(jí)．..,the＋比較級(jí)．..Thefirst,thelargerthebodieswere,themorerapidlytheyfell.第一，物體越大，下落越快。3．thereasonwhy...isthat...句型Asyoucansee,thereasonwhyI'mheretotellthestoryisthatImadetherightdecision.如你所見(jiàn)，我能在這里講這個(gè)故事正是因?yàn)槲易隽苏_的決定。4．完全倒裝句Thencamethetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter．接著漆黑的極地冬夜開(kāi)始了。5．動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)Amundsenwasthefirsttoleaveon8September,1911.1911年9月8日，阿蒙森第一個(gè)動(dòng)身。學(xué)生用書(shū)第336頁(yè)(二)單元美句1．Thatwasthedaywhenittookonlysixhourstobreakmybodyandsoul.那一天，我的身體和靈魂只用了六個(gè)小時(shí)就支離破碎了。2．ScotthadfailedtowintheracetothePole,butthegreatcourageshownbyScottandhismenmadethemheroes.斯科特沒(méi)能贏得極點(diǎn)比賽，但斯科特和他的隊(duì)員表現(xiàn)出的巨大勇氣使他們成為了英雄。四、單元知識(shí)橫拓——積得多1．迷人的“景色”①scenery 自然風(fēng)景②scene 場(chǎng)面；景色③view 景色④sight 景象；視野⑤landscape 風(fēng)景，景色⑥outlook 景色2．“形容詞＋ty”變名詞①loyal→loyalty 忠誠(chéng)②special→specialty 特長(zhǎng)，專(zhuān)長(zhǎng)③cruel→cruelty 殘酷，暴行④certain→certainty 確實(shí)的事；確信⑤safe→safety 安全，安全性3．“名詞＋ful”變形容詞①u(mài)se→useful 有用的②help→helpful 有益的③harm→harmful 有害的④forget→forgetful 健忘的⑤pain→painful 疼痛的⑥thank→thankful 感激的五、讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)微技能——心理描寫(xiě)之緊張Uponenteringthebighall,shefoundtherewereahugenumberofaudiencewaitingfortheirperformance.Suddenly,nervousnesscamefloodingoverher.Shesteppedforward,herfacewhiteandnervous,andherlegstrembling.Shetriedtohidehernervousness,butshecouldfeelherheartthump,thump,thump;andthepainfulbeatschokedherandmadeherfeelfaint.Finallyshemadeittothefront.Breathingdeeply,shetriedtocalmherselfdown,hermindgettingblank.Therefore,shereachedtograbherpartner'shand,onlytofindherfreezingfingerssweatingandtrembling.一、單詞拼寫(xiě)根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)或首字母提示寫(xiě)出單詞的正確形式1．Inthefuture,Iwillbeagooddoctortohealthewoundedandrescue(營(yíng)救)thedying,devotingmyselftomywork.2．Urbandevelopmentandclimate(氣候)changeareresponsibleforpushingtheanimalsoutoftheirnaturalhabitats.3．(2021·新高考卷Ⅰ)Since1934，betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5million(百萬(wàn))acresofhabitat.4．AmongconsumersinChinawhointendtobuyanewvehicle(交通工具)inthenextsixmonths,nearlyone-fourthconsiderintelligentfeaturesasthemostcrucialfactor.5．(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Fromseeingthewildlife(野生生物)towitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperiencewasamazing.6．Wemustmeasure(測(cè)量)thelengthandwidthoftheroomtogettheexactsizeofit.7．Thewholefoodchainisaffectedbytheoveruse(濫用)ofchemicalsinagriculture.8．(2019·江蘇卷)Afterall,noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts,feelings,andmostimportantly,equal(相等的)rightstosurvive.9．The1987hurricanewastheworstnaturaldisastertohitEnglandfordecades.10．(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Wehadawomanpatientwhowasrecoveringfromakneereplacementoperation．二、單句語(yǔ)法填空用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．AlthoughChina'sdomesticconsumptionenthusiasmduringtheseven-dayholidaywasrestrictedtosomeextent,somemajortouristattractionswerestillcrowded(crowd).2．Outofcuriosity(curious),sheslidintothedriver'sseattostartthecar,whichwastoodangerous.3．Manyyoungpeopleareambitious(ambition)tostartabusinessandfindfinancialsecurityratherthanworkforothers.4．Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvival(survive)ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.5．Toreducefoodloss(lose),smartharvestingequipmentandgreenstoringtechniquesshouldbepromoted.6．Moreeffortsareneededtoimprovethetechnologicalinnovationsystem,strengthentheprotection(protect)ofintellectualpropertyrights.7．Theoldwomanwasanxiously(anxious)awaitingthesafereturnofherrelatives.8．Weenteredthecastle,wherewefoundacheerful(cheer)oldmansittingbythefire.9．Wewillcontinuetostriveforpeacefulreunificationwiththegreatestsincerity(sincere)andtheutmosteffort.10．Johnheldhisbreath(breathe)andwonderedwhatwouldhappennext.三、選詞填空用方框內(nèi)所給短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空aheadofschedule，inthehistoryof，befamousfor，ontheedgeof，leavefor，inthefaceof，becoveredwith，bemadeupof1．HowmuchoftheEarth'ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater?2．Hewasunabletodenythechargesinthefaceofnewevidence.3．Thankstoyourhelp,weaccomplishedthetaskaheadofschedule．4．Thecommitteeismadeupofrepresentativesfromallwalksoflife.5．TompackedhisbagsandleftforFrancewherehewouldgetanewjob.6．Itisreportedthatthecompanyisinaseverefinancialcrisisandisontheedgeofcollapse.7．Wewillmakesurepeoplecanseebluerskies,greenermountainsandclearerwatersinXinjiang,whichisfamousforitsgrandbeauty.8．WhenthefirsttrainleftChongqingandtraveledtoDuisburginGermany,itopenedanewchapterinthehistoryofinternationalrailwaytransportation.四、經(jīng)典句式仿寫(xiě)1．他的一舉一動(dòng)好像他做了一件什么了不起的事似的。(asif)Heactedasifhehaddonesomethinggreat.2．你提供的服務(wù)越好，得到的小費(fèi)就越多。(the＋比較級(jí)．..,the＋比較級(jí)．..)Thebetterserviceyouoffer,themoretipyouwillget.3．他哭的原因是他對(duì)結(jié)果非常失望。(thereasonwhy...isthat...)Thereasonwhyhecriedisthathewasverydisappointedattheresult.4．然后最激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻到來(lái)了。(完全倒裝句)Thencamethemostexcitingmoment．5．我們的祖先最先發(fā)明了火藥。(動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ))Ourforefatherswerethefirsttoinventgunpowder．Part1重點(diǎn)詞匯過(guò)關(guān)1．floodn．洪水，水災(zāi)(1)afloodof一大批的，大量的inflood在泛濫(2)floodin涌進(jìn)(不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))floodinto涌進(jìn)……(及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ))befloodedwith充滿…eq\o(…,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Theheavyrainhascausedfloodsinmanypartsofthecountry.大雨使全國(guó)許多地方泛濫成災(zāi)?！军c(diǎn)津】flood作動(dòng)詞，有“淹沒(méi)，泛濫；大量涌入；充滿”之意。練透——一詞多義/單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2020·浙江卷)Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththeseasons,plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigatetheirfields.n.洪水②Theriverhadburstitsbanksandfloodedthefarms.vt.淹沒(méi)③Itisnotsafetocrossthebridgenowbecausetheriverisinflood.④Wehadaninformalpartyatahotel,andpeoplefromnearandfarfloodedin．⑤Withdreamsofimprovingtheirlivesandfindingtheirfortunes,thousandsoffarmersfloodedintocities.⑥Hisroomwasfloodedwithdirtyclothes,whichmadehismotherveryangry.寫(xiě)美——讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之回憶往事⑦我一看到照片，甜蜜的回憶立馬就涌了進(jìn)來(lái)。ThesweetmemoriesimmediatelyfloodedinassoonasIsawthephotos.2．livingadj.活的，活著的(1)make/earna/one'sliving謀生(2)alllivingthings所有的生物(3)theliving活著的人(4)belivingproofofsth/that...(用行動(dòng)或品格)證明……屬eq\o(實(shí),\s\do4(,))【佳句】Heistheonlylivingwarhero.他是唯一在世的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)英雄。[易混辨析]living，alive，lively，live作形容詞的區(qū)別：living活著的，有生命的；引申為“生動(dòng)的；逼真的；栩栩如生的”作前置定語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)alive“活著的，在世的”，側(cè)重說(shuō)明生與死之間的界限只能作表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、后置定語(yǔ)lively活潑的，活躍的，充滿生氣的可作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)live活的，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的只能在表示物的名詞前作定語(yǔ)練透——選詞填空l(shuí)iving，alive，lively，live①Hehasbeenmissingforalongtime.Nooneknowswhetherheisdeadoralive．②She'salivelychildandpopularwitheveryone.③Heisconsideredasthegreatestlivingartist.④Ilovetheirmusic,butI'veneverseentheirliveperformance.寫(xiě)美——讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之人物經(jīng)歷⑤上世紀(jì)80年代，他和妻子一起去深圳謀生。Inthe1980s,hewenttoShenzhentomakealivingwithhiswife.3．shockvt.使震驚；使難以置信(1)inshock震驚；吃驚toone'sshock令某人震驚的是(2)shockedadj.震驚的beshockedat對(duì)……感到震驚(3)shockingadj.令人震驚的；令人憤慨的；不道德eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Wewereallshockedatthenewsofhisdeath.聽(tīng)到他去世的消息，我們都感到震驚。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Tomyshock,suchanattackcouldhappeninthisschool.②Iwasshockedatthissuddenchangeintheirattitude.③Itisshocking(shock)thattheyshouldinvolvechildreninthecrime.寫(xiě)美——讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之震驚④我震驚地望著他，期待他告訴我，這一切都是我的誤解。Ilookedathiminshock,waitingforhimtotellmethatIhadmisunderstoodeverything.4．escapevi.&vt.逃離；逃避(1)escape(doing)sth逃避(做)某事，避免(做)某事escapefromsb/sth從……逃脫/逃走escapesb'sattention/notice疏忽，沒(méi)注意到(2)There'snoescapingthefactthat...無(wú)法回避的事實(shí)是……【佳句】Peoplehavedifferentwaystoescapethestressanddifficultiesofmodernlife.人們有不同的方式來(lái)逃避現(xiàn)代生活的壓力和困難。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)tissaidthathenarrowlyescapedbeingkilled(kill)inthetrafficaccidenttheotherday.②Withthehelpofthefirefighters,thewomenandherthreechildrenmanagedtoescapefromtheburninghouse.③Thethieftiptoedintotheroomtoescape(escape)beingfoundbythehost.寫(xiě)美——應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之健康生活④無(wú)法回避的事實(shí)是工作對(duì)情緒和健康有著深遠(yuǎn)的影響。There'snoescapingthefactthatworkhasprofoundeffectsonemotionsandhealth.5．survivevi.&vt.活下來(lái)；幸存(1)survivesth幸免于……，從……中艱難度過(guò)surviveonsth依靠……生活survivesb(by...years)比……活得長(zhǎng)(……年)(2)survivaln.幸存survivorn.幸存eq\o(者,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Aftersurvivinginanaccident,herealizedthathewasluckytobealivehimself,andfeltthatitwashismissioninlifetohelpothers.在一次事故中幸存下來(lái)后，他意識(shí)到自己活著是幸運(yùn)的，并覺(jué)得幫助別人是他的人生使命。【點(diǎn)津】survive作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，還有“比……活(或存在)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)”之意。survive用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“幸存”時(shí)，可直接跟“疾病、災(zāi)難、事故、危機(jī)”等名詞；表示“比某人長(zhǎng)命”時(shí)，常以人作賓語(yǔ)。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①A71-year-oldsurvivor(survive)oftheearthquakevisitedthememorialparkearlyonWednesdaymorningandlaidflowersinfrontofamemorialwallinscribed(鐫刻)withnamesofthevictims.②(2019·浙江高考6月)BaptisteDubanchetisbikingacrossEurope,survivingentirelyondiscarded(丟棄的)food.③Controloffireisoneofthekeyissuesincrashsurvival(survive).④Itisreportedthatthenon-smokerssurvivesmokersby10yearsonaverage.寫(xiě)美——讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之主旨升華⑤生活不在于如何從暴風(fēng)雨中幸存，而在于學(xué)會(huì)在雨中翩翩起舞。Lifeisn'tabouthowtosurvivethestorm；it'saboutlearningtodanceintherain.【中國(guó)元素】TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.西安城墻是在中國(guó)悠久的歷史中幸存下來(lái)的最完整的城墻。6．frightenedn．受驚的，害怕的(1)befrightenedof害怕……(2)frightenvt.使吃驚；驚嚇，嚇唬frightensbinto/outofdoingsth嚇唬某人做/不做某事(3)frightn.害怕(4)frighteningadj.令人害怕的，可怕eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Shewassofrightenedthatshecouldnotmove,butbraveRoversawthesnake,sprangforward,seizeditbytheneckandkilledit.她嚇得動(dòng)彈不得，但勇敢的羅孚看到了蛇，跳上前去，抓住它的脖子，把它殺死了。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之動(dòng)作描寫(xiě))【點(diǎn)津】“動(dòng)詞＋sb＋into/outofdoingsth”的常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞集錦：persuade/talk/arguesbinto/outofdoingsth說(shuō)服某人做/不做某事；cheat/forcesbintodoingsth欺騙/迫使某人做某事。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Herfatherhadanawfultemperandshewasalwaysfrightenedofhim.②Shesaidshefeltveryfrightened(frighten)atfirstaspeopledidnothaveanyknowledgeofthenewvirus.③Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightening(frighten)experience,especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.④Whenevershethoughtoftheaccident,shewastremblingwithfright(frighten).⑤Therobbersfrightenedtheoldmanintogivingthemallthemoneyhehad.寫(xiě)美——讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之恐懼⑥一道亮光閃過(guò)，孩子們?nèi)绱撕ε乱灾劣谒麄兌技饨衅饋?lái)。Abrightlightflashedby,andthechildrenweresofrightenedthattheyscreamed.7．curiousadj.好奇的(1)becuriousabout對(duì)……感到好奇becurioustodosth很想做某事(2)curiosityn.好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品outofcuriosity出于好奇satisfysb'scuriosity滿足某人的好奇心(3)curiouslyadv.好奇eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Instantly,allthefamilyweretotallysilent,fortheywereallcuriousabouttheknocks.很快，全家人都沉默了，因?yàn)樗麄兌紝?duì)敲門(mén)聲感到好奇。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之好奇)練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2021·浙江卷)Evenduringhislastfewyears,healwayshadasenseofcuriosity(curious),wonderingwhatnewroleorchallengemightbejustaroundthecorner.②Bothofthegirl'sparentswerecurioustoknow(know)wheretheirdaughterhadgone.③Shepickeduptheredenvelopeandturneditovercuriously(curious),wonderingwhatwasinsideit.寫(xiě)美——應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之邀請(qǐng)信④如果你對(duì)我們學(xué)校的歷史感興趣或關(guān)心它的未來(lái)，你一定不要錯(cuò)過(guò)這個(gè)絕佳的機(jī)會(huì)！Ifyouarecuriousaboutthehistoryofourschoolorconcernedaboutitsfuture,youmustn'tmissthisexcellentopportunity!【中國(guó)元素】WiththefastdevelopmentofChina,moreandmoreforeignersaresocuriousaboutChinathattheycomehereandmostofthemcan'thelpfallinginlovewithit.隨著中國(guó)的快速發(fā)展，越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)人對(duì)中國(guó)如此好奇，因此他們來(lái)到這里，大多數(shù)人都情不自禁地愛(ài)上了中國(guó)。8．equaladj.相等的；相同的(1)equalsb/sthin(doing)sth在(做)某事方面比得過(guò)/敵得過(guò)某人/某物beequalto(doing)sth等于；能勝任(做)某事onequalterms(withsb)(和某人)平等相處；(和某人)地位相等(2)equalityn.相等；平等(3)equallyadv.平等地；相等eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Thereisanequalnumberofboysandgirlsintheclass.這個(gè)班男女生人數(shù)相等。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Basedonequality(equal)andmutualrespect,Chinaiswillingtostrengthencooperationandmutuallearningwithothercountries.②Thegasdiscoveryisequalto6.1millionhouseholds'dailygasdemandforoneyear,thecompanysaid.③Thislawwillhelpsmallbusinessestocompeteonequaltermswithlargemultinationalcorporations.寫(xiě)美——讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之人生啟示④凱瑟琳也得到了一個(gè)重要的人生啟示：每個(gè)人都應(yīng)被平等地對(duì)待，無(wú)論他或她有多特別。Catherinealsogainedanimportantlifelessonthateveryoneshouldbetreatedequallynomatterhowspecialheorshewas.9．trapvt.困??；使陷于危險(xiǎn)中(1)be/gettrappedin被困在……中trapsbinto(doing)sth使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套；使某人中計(jì)(2)trapn.圈套；詭計(jì)fallintothetrapofdoingsth落入做某事的圈eq\o(套,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Injuredandtrappedinsidewiththemuddywaterrisingquickly,Jackwascertainhewasgoingtodie.由于受了傷，被困在里面，泥水很快上漲，杰克確信自己快要死了。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之危急情況)練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2019·天津卷)Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped(trap).②SevenpeoplewhoweretrappedinacoalmineroofcollapsewereallrescuedonFriday,rescuerssaid.③Hefelthehadbeentrappedintoacceptingthetermsofthecontract.④Don'tfallintothetrapofinvestingallyourmoneyinoneplace.寫(xiě)美——句式升級(jí)⑤Thoughshewastrappedintheruins,thegirlstillworeasmile,waitingtoberescued.→Thoughtrappedintheruins,thegirlstillworeasmile,waitingtoberescued.(動(dòng)詞-ed形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))10．a(chǎn)ttemptn．&vt.努力，嘗試，企圖(1)attempttodosth試圖做某事makeanattempttodo/atdoingsth試圖做某事atthe/one'sfirstattempt第一次嘗試(2)attemptedadj.未遂eq\o(的,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Iwassimplyattemptingtofollowtheadvicemymotherhadgivenmeyearsbefore:whenthingsgetawkward,smile.我只是嘗試聽(tīng)從媽媽多年前給我的建議：當(dāng)事情變得尷尬時(shí)，要微笑。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①(2021·全國(guó)乙卷)Oneafternoon,whileattemptingtoget(get)intobedshecollapsed(倒下)fromwhatwaseventuallydiscoveredtobeaheartattack.②Shewasproudasapeacockwhenshepassedherdrivingtestatthefirstattempt.③Themanwasputintoprisonlastnight,chargedwithattempted(attempt)murder.④(2020·浙江卷)Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontrol(control)theworldtheylivedin,throughagriculture.寫(xiě)美——應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之勸慰信⑤如果你第一次嘗試失敗的話，也沒(méi)必要擔(dān)心。Ifyoufailatthe/yourfirstattempt,thereisnoneedtocareaboutthat.11．measurevt.估量，衡量；測(cè)量(1)measure...by...用……來(lái)衡量……(2)make...toone'smeasure按某人的尺寸做(衣服等)infullmeasure最大程度地，最大限度地(3)takemeasurestodosth采取措施做某eq\o(事,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Howdoyoumeasurethevolumeofagas?你如何計(jì)量氣體的體積？【點(diǎn)津】measure作名詞時(shí)，有“尺寸；措施；衡量”之意。作“尺寸”講時(shí)，常用作不可數(shù)名詞；作“措施”講時(shí)，通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“有……長(zhǎng)/寬/高”時(shí)，為系動(dòng)詞，用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，如果此意義的短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)，要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Successshouldn'tbemeasured(measure)onlybyhowmuchmoneyyouhave.②Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestobring(bring)downthehighpricesofhouse.③Iguessthiscoatwasnotmadetomymeasure,becauseitistoolargeforme.④Thenewbridgeunderconstruction,measuring(measure)twiceaslongastheoldone,willbecompletednextmonth.寫(xiě)美——完成句子⑤我的期望得到了最大程度地滿足。Myexpectationshasbeenmetinfullmeasure．12．breathevi.&vt.呼吸(1)breathein吸氣breatheout呼氣breathenewlifeintosth給某事物注入活力(2)breathn.呼吸takeadeepbreath深吸一口氣holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸outofbreath氣喘吁吁地，上氣不接下氣eq\o(地,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Hebreatheddeeplybeforespeakingagain.他深深吸了一口氣，然后繼續(xù)說(shuō)下去。【點(diǎn)津】breathe還有“將(生氣、信心或興奮等)注入；散發(fā)(某種感情或品質(zhì))”之意，常用breathe(new)lifeintosth，意為“(給某事物)帶來(lái)起色，注入活力”。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shemastersnotonlyherartbutthetechniqueofholdingherbreath(breathe)asherlungsstruggletocarryouttheirfunction.②Thecityisseekingtobreathelifeintoitstourismindustryandmakesuchdevelopmentmoresustainablebyholdingmorefolkmusicactivities.③Thedoctortoldmetobreatheindeeplyandthenbreatheoutslowly.寫(xiě)美——讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)④母親深吸了一口氣，用手指撫摸著凌亂的頭發(fā)，困惑地看著我的眼睛。Mothertookadeepbreath,ranherfingersthroughhermessyhairandlookedintomyeyeswithapuzzledlook.【中國(guó)元素】Everyoneofusshouldalwaysbreathethesamebreathasthepeople,sharethesamefuture,andstaytrulyconnectedtothem.我們每一個(gè)人都要永遠(yuǎn)與人民同呼吸、共命運(yùn)、心連心。13．runout用完；耗盡(1)runoutof用完，耗盡(2)runfor競(jìng)選(某一政治職位)；當(dāng)(某職務(wù)的)候選人(3)runacrosssb/sth偶然遇見(jiàn)某人，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)某事物(4)runafter追求；追趕(5)runawayfrom逃離(6)runintosth途中遭遇(惡劣天氣)；遇到(困難等)(7)runintosb撞上某eq\o(人,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Alternativeenergyshouldbemadefulluseofbecausenaturalresourcesarerunningout.由于自然資源正在枯竭，應(yīng)充分利用可替代能源。[辨析]runout，runoutof，useup，giveout用法辨析：四個(gè)短語(yǔ)均可表示“用完，用光，耗盡”之意，但用法上有所區(qū)別：①runout和giveout為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，以物作主語(yǔ)，無(wú)被動(dòng)形式；②useup和runoutof為及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，其主語(yǔ)為人，賓語(yǔ)為物。練透——根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空①I(mǎi)twasnotuntillastFebruarythatheannouncedhewouldrunfor(競(jìng)選)president.②Sheranacross(偶然發(fā)現(xiàn))anolddiarywhileshewasclearingoutherdrawer.③Look!Thedogisrunningafter(追趕)thewhitecat.④Hewasinhighschoolwhenheranawayfrom(逃離)home.⑤Unfortunatelytheyraninto(遭遇)asnowstormonthewaytoschool.寫(xiě)美——一句多譯我的錢(qián)已經(jīng)花完了，因此我買(mǎi)不起這本書(shū)。⑥Mymoneyhasrun/givenout,soIcan'taffordtobuythisbook.⑦M(jìn)ymoneyhasbeenrunoutof,soIcan'taffordtobuythisbook.⑧Ihaverunoutofmymoney,soIcan'taffordtobuythisbook.⑨Ihaveusedupmymoney,soIcan'taffordtobuythisbook.14．basen．基地，大本營(yíng)；基礎(chǔ)vt.以……為基地(1)base...on/upon...把……置于……基礎(chǔ)之上bebasedon以……為基礎(chǔ)/根據(jù)(2)basisn.基礎(chǔ)；基點(diǎn)；基準(zhǔn)onthebasisof以/根據(jù)……為基礎(chǔ)(3)basicadj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的(4)basicallyadv.大體上；基本上；總的說(shuō)來(lái)；從根本上eq\o(說(shuō),\s\do4(,))【佳句】Basedonmyownexperience，learningEnglishonlineisreallyagreatwayforEnglishlearners.根據(jù)我自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，網(wǎng)上學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)很好的方式。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí))練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Youshouldbaseyourconclusionon/uponcarefulresearchinsteadofpersonalexperience.②Based(base)onourdeeptrust,wewillfurtheraccelerateourcollaboration(合作).③Differencesandproblemsamongcountriesneedtobehandledthroughdialogueandcooperationonthebasisofequalityandmutualrespect.④Chinawilltakefurtherstepstoensureelectricityandcoalsupplythiswinterandnextspringsoastoensurepeople'sbasic(base)livingneedsandkeepeconomicperformancestable.⑤Chinahasbeenmakinggreatereffortstotransformitsagriculturalandfoodsystem,andhasbasically(basic)achievedself-sufficiencyinfood.寫(xiě)美——句式升級(jí)⑥Thenovelwasbasedonaninterestingstoryanditwaswellworthreading.→Basedonaninterestingstory,thenovelwaswellworthreading.(動(dòng)詞-ed形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))→Thenovelbasedonaninterestingstorywaswellworthreading.(動(dòng)詞-ed形式短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ))【中國(guó)元素】ThereisafamoussayingbasedonChinesephilosophy:“Bitterpillsmayhaveblessedeffects.”有一句基于中國(guó)哲學(xué)的名言：“良藥苦口利于病?！?5.ambitionn．抱負(fù)，雄心；追求，夙愿(1)achieve/realizeone'sambition實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夙愿/抱負(fù)；如愿以償anambitiontodosth/ofdoingsth做某事的追求/理想/抱負(fù)(2)ambitiousadj.抱負(fù)不凡的，有野心的，雄心勃勃的beambitioustodosth一心想做某eq\o(事,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Ambitionandloveisthewingsofgreatactions.志向和熱愛(ài)是偉大行為的雙翼?！璧?名人名言)【點(diǎn)津】ambition作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用動(dòng)詞不定式形式作表語(yǔ)。練透——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hisambitiontowork(work)asalawyerislikelytoberealizedinthenearfuture.②Mybrother'sambitionistobecome(become)apilotaftergraduation.③Tomisveryambitious(ambition)andhedeterminestosetupacompanyofhisown.寫(xiě)美——完成句子④沒(méi)有什么可以阻止我實(shí)現(xiàn)我的抱負(fù)。Nothingwouldstopmefromachieving/realizingmyambition．1．lecture[對(duì)點(diǎn)微練]——選出lecture的含義A．n.講座B．n.訓(xùn)斥，譴責(zé)C．vi.作演講；講課D．vt.斥責(zé)，告誡①Hebegantolectureusaboutmakingtoomuchnoise.D②ShetravelledwidelyinNorthAmerica,lecturingonwomen'srights.C③Myfathercaughtmeandgavemealonglectureaboutthedangersofdrink.B④ScottishNationalPortrait(肖像畫(huà))Gallerypresentsaseriesoflecturesforthegeneralpublic.A2．titlen．標(biāo)題，題目[對(duì)點(diǎn)微練]——賞句猜義①(熟詞生義)ThetitlewillbeofficiallygiventohimataceremonyinLondon.n.頭銜②(熟詞生義)Hebecamethecountry'sfirstOlympicgoldmedallistwhenhewonthe400mtitlein1948.n.冠軍③Thetitleofapassagegivesreadersveryimportantinformationaboutthemainideaofit.n.標(biāo)題，題目3．wave[對(duì)點(diǎn)微練]——選出wave的含義A.n.海浪；波濤B．n.波C．vt.揮動(dòng)①Atnight,Ilistenedtothesoundofthewavesbreakingagainsttheshore.A②Wehadsomedifficulties,butweweredeterminedtoaccomplishourtaskandwaveournationalflaginouterspacenomatterwhathappened.C③(2020·天津卷)Well,itfunctionsbyanalyzingthewavesoftheincomingsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves.B4．operationn．行動(dòng)，活動(dòng)；手術(shù)；操作[對(duì)點(diǎn)微練]——賞句猜義①Theoperationcouldprolonghislifebytwoorthreeyears.n.手術(shù)②Regularservicingguaranteesthesmoothoperationoftheengine.n.操作③Thepolicehavelaunchedamajoroperationagainstdrugsuppliers.n.行動(dòng)5．observevt.觀察；注意[對(duì)點(diǎn)微練]——賞句猜義①(熟詞生義)Anyonewhocomesheremustobservethesocialdistancingrulesandwearamask.vt.遵守②Lastweekend,ourteacherstookusonfieldtripstoobserveplantsandanimals.vt.觀察③Jackobservedalookofanxietyonhisbrother'sface.vt.注意到④(熟詞生義)ChineseallovertheworldobservetheSpringFestival.vt.慶?！蛑黝}語(yǔ)境培優(yōu)——詞匯庫(kù)1.takemeasurestoprotecttheendangeredanimals2．beconcernedaboutthedisappearanceofanimalsandplants3．raisethepublicawarenessofprotectingthewildlife4．liveinharmonywithanimals5．pourwastewaterintotherivers6．keepthebalanceof...7．enjoyamoreharmoniousenvironment8．helptheendangeredspeciesofwildlife9．onthedecline/decrease10．ecologicaldestruction11．naturalreserve12．endangeredwildlife13．indangerofdyingout14．beathreatto...15．beworriedabout[自主核對(duì)區(qū)]1．采取措施保護(hù)瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物2．擔(dān)心動(dòng)植物的消失3．提高大眾對(duì)野生動(dòng)植物的保護(hù)意識(shí)4．與動(dòng)物和諧相處5．把廢水排放到河里6．保持……的平衡7．享受更加和諧的環(huán)境8．幫助那些瀕臨滅絕的野生動(dòng)植物9．正在下降/減少10．生態(tài)破壞11．自然保護(hù)區(qū)12．瀕臨滅絕的野生動(dòng)物13．瀕臨滅絕14．對(duì)……構(gòu)成威脅15．對(duì)……擔(dān)憂Part2寫(xiě)作句式遷移1．a(chǎn)sif引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句或表語(yǔ)從句[課本原句]Ifeltsick,asifIwasfallingfromamountaintopinadream.我覺(jué)得惡心，好像在夢(mèng)中從山頂上掉下來(lái)似的。asif＝asthough意為“似乎，好像”，常引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句或狀語(yǔ)從句。(1)如果asif/though所引導(dǎo)的從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生，句子要用陳述語(yǔ)氣。(2)如果所引導(dǎo)的從句只是表示一種假設(shè)的情況，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其形式如下：eq\o(,,\s\do4(,))①表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)(從句中be動(dòng)詞常用were)；②表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；③表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“would/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形”。(3)asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，并且從句中有be的某種形式時(shí)，從句中的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞可省略，后面直接跟名詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))【佳句】WhenIwalkedin,everyonewaslookingatme,whichmademesuddenlyfeelasthough/ifIwasdoingsomethingwrong.當(dāng)我走進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，每個(gè)人都在看著我，這讓我突然覺(jué)得好像我做錯(cuò)了什么。【寫(xiě)作遷移】——微寫(xiě)作①她對(duì)待這個(gè)可憐的男孩就像他是她自己的孩子一樣。Shetreatsthepoorboyasifhewereherownchild．②打破窗戶的是約翰。你為什么跟我說(shuō)話，好像我做的一樣？ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifIhaddoneit?③他盯著我看，好像是第一次看到我似的。Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforthefirsttime.2．the＋比較級(jí)．..,the＋比較級(jí)．..[課本原句]Thefirst,thelargerthebodieswere,themorerapidlytheyfell.第一，物體越大，下落越快。(1)“the＋比較級(jí)．..，the＋比較級(jí)．..”句型，意為“越……，越……”，表示后者隨著前者的變化而變化；eq\o(,,\s\do4(,))(2)前一個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)．..”通常相當(dāng)于比較狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句(在表示將來(lái)意義時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái))，后一個(gè)“the＋比較級(jí)．..”通常相當(dāng)于主句；(3)在通常情況下，如果主、從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞be，而且主語(yǔ)不是代詞，be常省略eq\o(。,\s\do4(,))【佳句】Themoreyouknowaboutourtraditionalculture,themoreyouareinterestedinit.你對(duì)我們的傳統(tǒng)文化了解得越多，你就對(duì)它越感興趣。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作