9AUnit2Greatminds 第一課時一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換astronomern.天文學(xué)家astronomyn.天文學(xué)astronautn.宇航員,anastronaut一位宇航員considerv.認(rèn)為;覺得中考高頻詞常用短語：“beconsideredas”是一個常用短語，意思是“被認(rèn)為是……；被當(dāng)作……”，用于表達(dá)某人或某物被賦予某種身份、角色或?qū)傩?。e.g:Sheisconsideredasoneofthemosttalentedartistsinthecountry.（她被認(rèn)為是國內(nèi)最有才華的藝術(shù)家之一。）considerationn.仔細(xì)考慮;考慮；體諒；因素e.g:takesth.intoconsideration：Wemusttakecostintoconsideration.（我們必須考慮成本。）adj：considerable相當(dāng)大的；重要的e.g:aconsiderableamountoftime/money（大量時間/金錢）e.g:Theprojectrequiresconsiderableeffort.（這個項(xiàng)目需要大量精力。）adj：considerate體貼的；考慮周到的e.g:beconsiderateofsb.：Heisalwaysconsiderateofothers′feelings.（他總是體諒別人的感受。）3.humourn.幽默英式英語中更常用“humour”，美式英語中“humor”更常見；humorousadj.幽默的；滑稽的humorous：ahumorousstory（一個幽默的故事）humourless（或humorless）：缺乏幽默感的；嚴(yán)肅的humourn.幽默感：Hehasagreatsenseofhumour.（他很有幽默感。）Themoviebinesdramaandhumour.（這部電影融合了戲劇性和幽默元素。）情緒；心情（較正式）：Shewasinagoodhumourafterthenews.（聽到消息后她心情很好。）4.invitev.邀請（某人參加活動）中考高頻詞sth./sb.besb.to(do)sth./sb.beinvitedtodosth.e.g:Sheinvitedmetoherbirthdayparty.（她邀請我參加生日派對。）invitationn.邀請;邀請信；請柬；幽默感asenseofhumoure.g:Shesentout50invitationsforthewedding.（她發(fā)出了50份婚禮請柬。）短語：accept/refuseaninvitation（接受/拒絕邀請）5.pleasuren.樂事;愉快pleasev.使高興pleasedadj.高興的(人的情感)pleasantadj.(令人)高興的名詞：pleasure中考高頻詞含義：愉快；樂事；榮幸用法：e.g:Readinggivesmegreatpleasure.（閱讀給我?guī)順O大樂趣。）短語：withpleasure（樂意地）；mypleasure（不客氣）；atsb'spleasure（隨某人意愿）動詞：please（使高興；取悅）e.g:Shetriedtopleaseeveryoneintheroom.（她努力讓房間里的每個人都開心。）pleased（過去式/過去分詞，也可作形容詞）例：Hewaspleasedwiththeresult.（他對結(jié)果感到滿意。）形容詞：pleasant（令人愉快的；舒適的）e.g:Wehadapleasanteveningtogether.（我們一起度過了一個愉快的夜晚。）pleased（高興的；滿意的）搭配：bepleasedwith/at/aboutsth.（對某事滿意）pleasurable（使人快樂的；愉悅的）例：Gardeningisapleasurablehobby.（園藝是一種令人愉悅的愛好。）副詞：pleasantly（愉快地；友好地）例：Theroomwaspleasantlywarm.（房間溫暖宜人。）派生詞辨析：pleasant：側(cè)重“事物本身令人愉快”（如pleasantweather）；pleased：側(cè)重“人主觀感到滿意”（如apleasedexpression）；pleasurable：更正式，指“帶來感官或精神愉悅”（如pleasurableactivities）。6.seatn.座位sitv.坐sitsatsatseatv.后需接人或反身代詞（如sb./oneselfsb./oneself），不能直接說“seat”；“takeaseat”和“haveaseat”比“seat”更口語化，日常更常用。seatedadj就座的；坐著的e.g:Allguestswereseatedbeforethespeech.（演講前所有客人已就座。）7.achievementn.成就;成績asenseofachievement成就感中考高頻詞achievev.取得；完成；實(shí)現(xiàn)；達(dá)到（目標(biāo)）結(jié)構(gòu)：achievesth.（后接目標(biāo)、成就等）e.g:Sheachievedherdreamofbeingadoctor.（她實(shí)現(xiàn)了成為醫(yī)生的夢想。）achiever：有成就的人；成功者e.g:She’sahighachieverinbothworkandstudy.（她在工作和學(xué)習(xí)中都是佼佼者。）achievable：可實(shí)現(xiàn)的；可達(dá)成的e.g:Thegoalisachievablewithhardwork.（這個目標(biāo)通過努力可以實(shí)現(xiàn)。）常見搭配achievesuccess（獲得成功）achievebalance（實(shí)現(xiàn)平衡）exactlyadv.精確地;準(zhǔn)確地exactadj.準(zhǔn)確的中考高頻詞actionn.行動;動作actv.表演;行動actorn.男演員actressn.女演員activeadj.積極的adv:activelyactivityn.活動pl:activities注意：an+active+nuniversityn.(綜合性）大學(xué)anuniversitypl:universitiesavoidv.避免；避開avoiddoingsth.中考高頻詞結(jié)構(gòu)：avoidsth./doingsth.e.g：Sheavoidscrowdedplaces.（她避開擁擠的地方。）e.g：Youshouldavoidmakingthesamemistake.（你應(yīng)避免犯同樣的錯誤。）avoidance:n.避免；回避e.g：Hisavoidanceoftheproblemmadeitworse.（他回避問題使情況更糟。）短語：conflictavoidance（沖突回避）avoidable：adj.可避免的e.g：Theaccidentwasavoidablewithmorecare.（多些小心，這場事故本可避免。）常見搭配avoiddanger（避開危險）avoidcontact（避免接觸）avoidattention（避免引人注目）注意事項(xiàng)后接動詞時必須用動名詞（ing形式），不能接todo，如“avoidmissing”（√），“avoidtomiss”（×）；“avoid”側(cè)重主動“躲開”，而“prevent”側(cè)重“阻止某事發(fā)生”（如preventaccidents）。trust:v.信賴；委托e.g：Shehaspletetrustinherfriends.（她完全信任朋友。）e.g：Themoneyisheldintrustforhischildren.（這筆錢為他的孩子托管。）短語：earntrust（贏得信任）；breaktrust（失信）；intrust（被托管）trustsb.信任某人trustworthy：值得信賴的；可靠的e.g：He’satrustworthycolleague.（他是值得信賴的同事。）trust：側(cè)重情感上的“信任”（如trustafriend）；believe：側(cè)重“相信某事屬實(shí)”（如believeastory）；obeyv.服從，遵守過去式：obeyed“obey”是及物動詞，需直接接賓語，不能單獨(dú)使用；常見搭配：obeyorders（服從命令）、obeyarequest（遵守請求）。反義詞：disobey（違抗）結(jié)構(gòu)：obeysb./sth.（后接人、命令、規(guī)則等）e.g：Childrenshouldobeytheirparents.（孩子應(yīng)服從父母。）e.g：Obeythetrafficrulestostaysafe.（遵守交通規(guī)則以確保安全。）重點(diǎn)短語：1.letsb.down讓某人失望2.trustsb.信任某人3.playajokeonsb.捉弄某人4.takeaseat就座5.learn…byheart記住某事6.havenoidea不知道7.offertodosth.主動提出做某事8.attimes不時地9.leaveamessage留言,留口信10.dosth.withoutdifficulty輕而易舉做事11.beguidedto被引導(dǎo)到…12.turningpoint轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)13.betiredofdoingsth.厭倦做某事14.beboredwith對……感到厭煩15.walkhomefromwork下班步行回家16.sidebyside并肩;一起;并排17.inthehistoryof在…歷史上18.avoiddoingsth避免做某事19.haveagoodmemory有一個美好回憶20.inreturn作為回報第二課時基礎(chǔ)檢測與提高一、根據(jù)要求寫出相應(yīng)的單詞。1.humorous(名詞)2.invite(名詞)3.trust(同義短語)4.consider(過去分詞)5.university(名詞復(fù)數(shù))6.please(v.)(名詞)7.avoid(過去式)8.break(違反)(反義詞)9.action(動詞)10.exact(副詞)11.sit(名詞）12.achieve(名詞）13.fun(形容詞）14.obey(現(xiàn)在分詞）15.theory(復(fù)數(shù)）16.try(現(xiàn)在分詞）二、根據(jù)句意及首字母提示寫單詞，完成句子。17.Ifyoufinishthesetasksthisafternoon,wecangotowatchamoviet.18.Shewasoneofthegreatestmofhertime.Shediscoveredanimportantelement.19.Timlooksptoday.Isheill?20.Amanwithasenseofhisalwayspopular.21.Itisaptohelpothers.Itcanmakepeoplefeelbetter.三、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。22.Thedriverhadtostophiscarquicklytoavoid(run)overthedog.23.Ireallydidn'tknowwhat(do)insuchaterriblesituation.24.Thechildrenareplayingintheforesthappily,withsomebirds(sing).25.It'sa(please)tohaveabusinesstalkwithyourpany.26.ThesickboycheeredupwhenIoffered(tell)himafunnystory.27.Einsteinoftenreceivedinvitations(explain)histheoriesatuniversities.28.Einsteintookaseat,andlistenedtoHansgivethelecturewithout(difficult).29.Einsteinstoodupandansweredthequestion(perfect).30.Theseproblemscanbesolvedby(obey)afewsimplerules.31.I’llaskmymother(return)yourcall.四、詞匯檢測(根據(jù)句子要求，完成句子)。32.Hesmiledwith(開心)whenIcame.33.Weneedtomailorsendthe(邀請信)nextweek.34.Mostlaws(遵從)oncetheyaremade.35.She(減少)herweightby5kilogramsbytakingexercise.36.MsZhang,doyouwanttositthesame(座位)asbefore?37.Wouldyoumind(open)yoursuitcase?38.Putonthecoat,andyoushouldavoid(catch)acold.39.Weshouldberesponsibleforour(act).40.Iliketheteacherwhoisknowledgeableand(humor).41.Thedriverfoundthehousewithout(difficult).五、根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示，補(bǔ)全句子。42.Ihopeyoucanwinthismatch.Don't(讓我失望).43.(很榮幸)formetobeinvitedtospeakhere.44.Hemade(如此多的錯誤)thathefailedtheexam.45.He(一無所知)oftheanswertothequestion.Sohestoodthere46.Weshouldlearnthenewsafetyrules(記住).六、課文語法填空Einsteinoftenreceivedinvitationstoexplainhis1（theory)）atdifferentuniversities.Onthesetrips,hisdriverHansoftensaidtohim,“It'sapleasure2driveageniuslikeyou,DrEinstein."Oneevening,on3(they)wayto4university,Einsteinsaid,“I'mso5(tire)IwishIcouldavoid6(give)mylecturetonight,Hans,butIdon'twanttoletmyaudiencedown."“Iknowwhat7do,”saidHans.“Icangivethelectureforyou.Youcantrustme.I'velistenedtoyourlecturesomanytimesthatI'velearntitbyheart.Noone8(know)youatthisuniversity,sotheywon'tfindout."So,theychangedplaces.Attheuniversity,Hanswas9(guide)tothefrontofthehall.Einsteintookaseat,listenedtoHansgivehislecturewithout10(difficult),andjoinedintheapplauseattheend.11,beforeHansleft,amanshouted,“I'dliketoaskyouaquestion.”HethenaskedaquestionsodifficultthatHanshadnoidea12hewastalkingabout.Einsteinturnedpale.“Ohno!”hethought.“Nowwe're13trouble."ButHansjustlaughedandsaid,“That'ssuch14easyquestionthatevenmydrivercananswerit.Hans,please……”Einsteinstoodupandansweredthequestionperfectly.Theylefttheuniversity,withEinsteindriving.Alittlelater,Hansoffered15drive.“No,”laughedEinstein.“It'sapleasuretodriveagenius16you,Hans."第三課時強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練一、完形填空Fromanearlyage,Aralovedwatchingthecowsinthegreenfieldsinhervillageeveryday.Whenshewasten,sheaskedherparentsiftheycould1acow.Herfatherthoughtitwould

takemuchworkandsuggestedlearningaboutcowsfromthe2inthemunityfirst.Thefirstfarmtheyvisitedwasfantastic,whichsmelledfresh,likeplantsandrain.Thecowsweremunching(嚼)onleaves,cleanandsmiling.Theyproducedlotsoftastymilk.However,thesecondfarmwas3.Thecowsweresmellyandcoveredindirt.WhenAraaskedaboutthemilk,thefarmersshooktheirheads.Thatnight,Aracouldn’tfallasleep,wonderingwhatshecoulddotohelpthesadcows.Finally,she4aplanwithherparents.Sheaskedthefirstfarmersiftheywouldhelpthesecondfarmers,andthey5.Araorganizedameetingandthefirstfarmerssharedtheir6.Theadvicetheyofferedwasso7thateveryonelearnedalot.Weekslater,Arafoundthatthesecondfarmwasmuchcleaner.Thefarmersgotmoremilk.TheywerethankfultoAraandwillingtosharetipswithothers.Atthenextmeeting,manymorefarmers8.Thatevening,Ara’sfathergaveherabighugandsaid,“Youhavemadeadifferencetoour

9!”Thinkingaboutallthecowsandpeopleshehelped,Arasmiled,thoughshedidn’townacowintheend.”O(jiān)necancreatepositivechangetotheworldatanyage,”shethought10,Whatwillbeyourchangetomake?1．A．borrow B．keep C．find D．save2．A．parents B．teachers C．friends D．farmers3．A．large B．different C．fantastic D．modern4．A．foughtagainstB．putoff C．thoughtof D．gaveup5．A．a(chǎn)greed B．a(chǎn)rrived C．repeated D．believed6．A．happiness B．wealth C．business D．experience7．A．humorous B．simple C．helpful D．traditional8．A．tookpart B．rushedout C．setoff D．passedby9．A．family B．school C．market D．munity10．A．honestly B．proudly C．thankfully D．Strangely二、閱讀理解AWhenIwasagirlgrowingup,Icannotonceeverremembereithermymumormygrandmawastingfood.Anythingwedidn'teatatonemealwasleftovers（剩菜）.Icanremembermygrandmamakingahugepotofpotatoes.Wewouldalleatuntilwewerefullenough,buttherewerealwaysabouthalfofthepotatoesleftover.Afewdayslater,Grandmawouldtakethosepotatoesoutofthefridge,boilsomenoodles,addsomevegetablesandmixthemalltogether.AndIalsorememberwhenIwatchedmymumfrybacon（煎培根）forusinthemornings,shewouldalwaystaketheoilcarefullyandpouritintoabottle.Thenshewoulduseitlatertoaddflavortosomanyotherdishes.IwasanadultbeforeIrealizedthatpotatoesdidn'tactuallytastelikebacon!Ilearnedtheirlessonswell,andafterIgrewup,Itriedtoneverwastefoodmyself.Ialwaysplannedtheweek’smealsaheadoftimeandonlyboughtwhatwasonmyshoppinglistsothatnothingwenttowaste.Everymealwentintoourstomachsandanyleftoverswerelatereatenbyeithermyselfmyboys,myhusbandor,mydogs.Tome,throwingfoodintothebinwasjustwrong.However,whenitestoliving,therearenoleftovers.Lifeisjustlikeafeast.Eachmomentthatyoudon’tliveislostforever.Lifecannotbesavedorstored.Eachdayisafreshbeginning.Liveeachmomentofyourlifetothefullest,then.1．Thewriter’sgrandmausedtheleftoverpotatoesto________.A．mixwithnoodles B．boilsomevegetablesC．frybacon D．throwaway2．Whydidthepotatoescookedbythewriter’smumtastelikebacon?A．Becauseshemixedthebaconwithpotatoes.B．Becausesheputpotatoesintothecontainers.C．Becauseshewasgoodatcooking.D．Becauseshepouredthebaconoilintopotatoes.3．Accordingtothepassage,howdidthewritersavefoodinherway?A．Byshoppingaheadoftime.B．Bythrowingitintothelitterbin.C．Byfollowinghermother'sshoppinglist.D．Byplanningthenextweek’sfood.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feast”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Sweetdream.B．Largemeal. C．Happystory. D．Beautifulpicture.5．Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B．Eattolive,butnotlivetoeat.C．Neitherfoodnorlifeshouldbewasted.D．Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch.BShashiyuwasonceapoorvillageinHebeiProvince,butnowithaschangedintoarichandlivableplace.Inthe1940s,villagersinShashiyuhadlittlefoodandfewclothes,buttheyhadastrongwishforabetterlife.ZhangGuishun,thePartysecretaryofShashiyu,encouragedhisvillagerstodotheirbesttopullthemselvesoutofpoverty.“IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycan’twe?Nobodywasborntobepoor?”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.LedbythemunistPartyofChina（中國共產(chǎn)黨）,thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to.1971,theyreclaimed（開墾）lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.However,thevillageencounteredanewproblemtwodecadeslaterastheenvironmentbecameheavilypollutedbychemicalplantsandminerefineriesbuiltin1990s.Thepollutingfactorieswereshutdownin2004,andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.In2009,thecitylevelgovernmentinvestedover1millionyuan($152,723)tochangethevillage’sexhibitionhallintoamuseuminmemoryofdevelopmenteffortsmadebyearliergenerations.After10years,thevillagewascalled“NationalForestVillage”.Zhangsaidthatthevillagestartedayearlytourismfestivalin2015toattracttravelerstopickgrapes.“ThegrapescouldbesoldatabetterpriceonceShashiyubeesfamousthroughthisfestival.Ourvillagerscanthenliveevenbetterlives,”hesaid.6．WhydidZhangGuishunusethestoryofYuGongtoencouragethevillagers?A．BecauseYuGonghadstrongwillandhardwork.B．BecauseYuGongwasbornpoortoo.C．BecausethevillagersworshipedYuGong.D．BecauseYuGongbecamerichatlast.7．From1966to1971,whatdidthevillagersdotoimprovetheirlivingsituation?A．Theyplantedgrapestoearnmoney.B．Theycarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagetoimprovetheirlands.C．Theymovedtoanotherplacetoliveabetterlife.D．Theybuiltalotoffactories.8．Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethevillagers?A．Hardworking. B．Lazy. C．Kindhearted. D．Stupid.9．WhenwasShashiyucalled"NationalForestVillage"?A．In2009. B．In2004. C．In2015. D．In2019.10．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．Inastorybook. B．Inanewspaper. C．Inasportsmagazine. D．Inasciencebook三、閱讀還原閱讀下面短文，從文后的六個選項(xiàng)中選擇五個還原到原文，使原文的意思連貫、完整。Whetheryou’restuckinsidefromterribleweather,orshyness,therearewaystoexerciseindoorseveryday.Here’showyoucanworkouteffectivelyathome.1Agoodwarmupmakessureyourbodygetsmuchneededoxygen.Whenyourbodyiswarm,you’llmovebetter.Warmupsalsohelpreducestressonyourheartandthepossibilitiesofgettinghurt.2Soit’snecessarytowarmupbeforeyoustarttoworkout.StartwithaHIITexerciseTherearemanykindsofHIITexercises.3Itcanhelpburnfateffectively.Italsoworksoutboththeupperandlowerbodyandespeciallydevelopsyourcore（核心）strength.Insomeways,it’sfriendliertothekneesthanrunningandspeedwalking.FollowexercisevideosthatsuityouIfyoudoaquickinternetsearch,youwillbeamazedatthenumberofexercisevideos.Youngorold,maleorfemale,youcanfindseveralthatwillworkbestforyou.4Someworldfamouscoacheseventeachlivelessonseveryday.Don’tforgettocooldownJustlikewarmingupaheadoftimereducesinjury（受傷）,sodoescoolingdown.Regularcooldownsafterexerciseareimportantbecauseit’sbesttoslowlyreduceyourheartrate（心率）.5A．Getproperlywarmedupfirst.B．Warmupsdogoodtoyourheart.C．Makesurethecoachholdsyourinterest.D．Jumpingropeistheeasiestonetogetintoshape.E．Theseincludefoot,leg,kneeandevenbackinjuries.F．Thisslowerendingisbetterforyouthanasuddenstop.四、語法填空AInanoldbuildinginPekingUniversity,ayellowlightshoneintotheoldanddarkhoursofthenight.ThefamoustranslatorXuYuanchong1(sit)behindthewindowandstaringattheputerscreen.Heenjoyedworkingby2(he)from10:00p.m.to4:00a.m.Forhim,thequietnightwasa3(value)timetofocusontranslation.Hewasexploringhow4(spread)ChinesecultureabroadbytranslatingChinesebeautyintoWesternbeauty.XuwasbornintoaliteraryfamilyinNanchang5April18th,1921.When