高中英語譯林版2020必修第二冊Unit1Lights,camera,action!Grammar&UsagePresentation

LearningaimsBytheendofthissection,studentswillbeableto:1.noticetheusageofsubject-verbagreement;2.summarizegeneralrulesofsubject-verbagreement;3.usetherulesofsubject-verbagreementtofinishashortparagraphabout3-Dfilms.PARTLights,camera,action!01LeadinLights,camera,action!LeadinWatchavideo.AExploringtherulesBelowisanintroductionLauragavetoherclassaboutTheJungleBook.Payattentiontotheunderlinedsubjectsandverbsandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirsttwohavebeendoneforyou.LeadinWhosebookarethetwofilmsbasedon?TheyarebasedonRudyardKipling’sbookofthesametitle:TheJungleBook.2.What’sthebiggestdifferencebetweentheoldfilmandthenewone?Newfilmusesmuchmoreadvancedtechnology—notonlytheanimalsbutalsothejungleisdigitallycreated.PleasereadthefilmintroductionofpartAonpage6andanswerthefollowingquestions.LeadinitsoldageshowsThenewfilmusesnotonlytheanimalsbutalsothejungleisBuildingthejungleenvironmentonthecomputerwasTheJungleBooklaststhereisenoughtensionandhumourTwohoursseemsMowgliandhisanimalfriendslivePresentation

PARTLights,camera,action!02PresentationLights,camera,action!subjecta,c,d,e,g,hb,f主謂一致指句子的謂語必須與其主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。語法一致原則意義一致原則就近原則Presentation

語法一致原則指主語和謂語在語法形式上必須一致，即謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。Everypart

istobecarefullycheckedbeforetheyareputtogether.組裝之前,每一個部件都要仔細(xì)檢查。Abigpartofthecorn

isusedtofeedchickens,pigsandcattleinthatcountry.在那個國家,一大部分玉米被用來喂雞豬和牛。Thesetoys

aredesignedforchildrenunderthreeyearsold.這些玩具是為三歲以下的兒童設(shè)計的。不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Presentation

Everyoneisreadyforthesportsmeeting.每個人都為運動會做好準(zhǔn)備了。語法一致原則Everythingisinacompletemess,whichdrivespeoplecrazy.所有的事情都亂成一團，讓人發(fā)瘋。復(fù)合不定代詞anyone,anything,someone,somebody,something,everyone,everybody，everything,nobody,nothing及不定代詞either,each等在句中作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Presentation

語法一致原則Theteacheraswellasthestudentslikesthepainting.老師和學(xué)生們都喜歡這幅畫。由aswellas,alongwith,togetherwith,with,ratherthan,but,except，besides，inadditionto，like，including等連接兩部分名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞與(短語)介詞前面的主語保持一致。Tom,alongwithhisfriends,goesskatingeverySaturday.每個星期六，湯姆都和他的朋友們一起去滑冰。Presentation

語法一致原則"oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)"后跟定語從句時，從中的謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式；而"the(only)oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)"后跟定語從句時，從句中的謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。HeisoneofthestudentswhohavebeentoShanghai.他是那此去過上海的學(xué)生中的一個。HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeentoShanghai.他是那些學(xué)生中唯一一個去過上海的。Presentation

語法一致原則Manyaparent

hashadtogothroughthispainfulprocess.很多父母都不得不經(jīng)歷了這一段痛苦的過程?！癿anya(n)(許多)/morethanone(不止一個)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”作主語時,盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù),但謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。在"It+is/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who..."結(jié)構(gòu)中,如被強調(diào)部分是主語,that/who后的謂語動詞與被強調(diào)部分的人稱、數(shù)保持一致。Itistheywhohaveworkedthereforfiveyears.是他們在那里工作了五年。Presentation

1.Mowgliandhisanimalfriends_________(live)happilyinthejungle.2.Comparedwiththetraditionalversion,the3-Dversionofthefilm_______(be)muchmoreappealing.3.Buildingthejungleenvironmentonthecomputer________

(be)noeasyjob.4.Everyone________(be)surprisedwhenthecompanysaidtheywereremakingthefilm.

liveisiswas意義一致原則主語所表達(dá)的單復(fù)數(shù)概念并不總是根據(jù)主語的形式來確定，有時要根據(jù)它所表達(dá)的意義來確定。Theownerandtheeditor-in-chiefofthenewspaperaretoattendtheconference.這家報紙的業(yè)主和主編將參加這次會議。Theteacherandwriter

isgoingtogiveusatalk.那位老師兼作家將要給我們做一次報告。and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但如果and所連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞指的是同一個人、同一件事或表示整體概念，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，這時and后面的名詞前不加冠詞。Presentation

意義一致原則all，none，some,any等不定代詞作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定。All

arehereandallisready.所有的人都已到一切就緒。Allwhohavestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.所有研究過這個問題的人都得出同樣的結(jié)論。None

havearrivedvet.還無人到來。None

ismorequalifiedforthetaskthanhim.沒有人比他更適合執(zhí)行這項任務(wù)了。Presentation

意義一致原則"all/most/half/therestof+名詞/代詞"或"分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞/代詞"作主語時，若名詞或代詞表示單數(shù)概念或抽象概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；若表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Therestofthebuildings

wereeasytogettoandtherestofhertimewasspentinenjoyingthebeautifulscenes.其余的建筑物并不難到達(dá)，她剩下的時間都用在欣賞美景上了。Thenumberofpeopleinvited

wasfifty,butanumberofthemwereabsentfordifferentreasons.邀請的人數(shù)是50，但很多人因不同的原因沒來。Presentation

意義一致原則Twentykilometersisquitealongdistance.20千米是相當(dāng)長的一段距離。表示時間、距離、金額、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時常被當(dāng)作一個整體來看待，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式，但為了強調(diào)數(shù)量之多，也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Fiftydollarswasalargesumformeatthattime.那時50美元對我來說是一大筆錢。集體名詞作主語時的主謂一致問題(1)有的集體名詞表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，作主語時謂語通常也用復(fù)數(shù)形式，比如cattle,people,police

等。Thecattle

aregrazingatthefootofthehill.牛群正在山腦下吃草。Presentation

意義一致原則集體名詞作主語時的主謂一致問題(2)有的集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞可用單數(shù)形式，也可用復(fù)數(shù)形式。若視為整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；若強調(diào)集體中的一個個成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，比如family,class,audience,team,group,band,committee(委員會)等。①強調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Therewas

abigaudienceattheeveningparty.晚會上觀眾很多。Thefootballteam

isbeingreorganized.這支足球隊正在重組。②強調(diào)成員，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。ClassOne

arealloutontheplaygroundtocheerfortheathletes.一班的同學(xué)都到操場上為運動員加油去了。。Presentation

意義一致原則集體名詞作主語時的主謂一致問題(3)有的集體名詞作主語時，謂語動詞只能用單數(shù)形式，比如clothing,equipment,furniture,jewellery,poetry等。Thefurnitureinthisroomhasbeenmadetoorder.這個房間的家具是定做的。Alltheirclothing

isbrightandattractive.他們所有的衣服都顏色鮮艷，引人注目。Mostoftheirequipment

hasbeenshippedaheadofschedule.他們的大部分設(shè)備已提前運走了。Presentation

1.Inthekingdomofjungle,theyoung______(be)takengoodcareof.2.Twohours________(seem)veryshortwhenyouareenjoyingthefilm.3.Mowgliknowshisfamilyinthejungle____(be)ahappyone.4.Hisfamily_____(be)playinghappilyinthejungle.5.Mowglirealizesthatmostofhisanimalfriendsinthejungle______(be)kind.areseemsisareare就近原則指謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)往往與其最近的主語保持一致。該原則主要適用于以下幾種情況：either...or…,...or...,neither…nor...,notonly…butalso…,not...but...等連接的名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)由最靠近謂語動詞的名詞或代詞決定。Are

you

orhegoodatEnglish?是你還是他擅長英語?Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher

wantstogoclimbing.不僅學(xué)生想去爬山，老師也想。therebe句型中的be動詞應(yīng)與離其最近的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。Thereis

apen,twobooksandmanypencilsonthedesk.來上有一支鋼筆、兩本書和許多鉛筆。Presentation

1.There______(be)enoughtensionandhumourtoholdyourattentionduringthewholefilm.2.There_______(live)aterribletigerandsomefriendlyanimalsinthejungle.3.There_____(live)somefriendlyanimalsandaterribletigerinthejungle.4.NotonlyMowglibutalsohisanimalfriends_______(play)happilyinthejungle.5.Mowglitogetherwithhisanimalfriends_______(lead)anenjoyablelifeinthejungle.leadsislivesliveplayPART