廬江縣2024/2025學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期末教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測高一英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Gototheseaside.B.Walkinthewoods.C.Haveapicnic.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Neighbors.C.Teacherandstudent.3.HowoftenwillJocelyntakedancelessonsnextmonth?A.Threetimesaweek.B.Twiceaweek.C.Onceaweek.4.WhenwasMarysupposedtogetup?A.At7:30.B.At8:00.C.At8:15.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforhelp.B.Expressinghisthanks.C.Givingsomeadvice.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inthecountryside.B.Onthehilltop.C.Athome.7.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Gohiking.B.Visittheiruncle.C.Preparedinner.聽第7段材料，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'shouse?A.Alittlesmall.B.Quitegreat.C.Prettyexpensive.9.Whendidthewomandecidetobuythehouse?A.InJuly.B.InNovember.C.InDecember.聽第8段材料，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.WhydoesNancylookunhappy?A.Shehadtorepairthehouse.B.Shecouldn'tgetenoughsleep.C.Shequarreledwithherroommate.11.WhatdoesNancysayaboutChristine?A.Shealwayspaysherrentlate.B.Sheoftenhelpscleanthehouse.C.Shesometimescomesbacklateatnight.12.WhatdoesNancyintendtodo?A.Moveout.B.TalkwithChristine.C.Lookforanewroommate.聽第9段材料，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Whatisthemandoing?A.Havinganinterview.B.Applyingforajob.C.Discussingaprogram.14.Whatdoweknowabouttheman'smother?A.Shewasadoctor.B.Shewasahousewife.C.Shewasanurse.15.Whatdoesthemanliketodoinhisfreetime?A.Readbooks.B.Gocycling.C.Workpart-time.16.Whichschoolistheman'slastchoice?A.Yale.B.Stanford.C.JohnsHopkins.聽第10段材料，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Howtomakegoodimpressions.B.Howfirstimpressionsareformed.C.Howtogetridofwrongimpressions.18.Whatinfluencesfirstimpressionsmost?A.Howyoulook.B.Howyousound.C.Whatyousay.19.Howsoonwillpeopleformfirstimpressions?A.Within7seconds.B.Within10seconds.C.Within15seconds.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Whatyousayismoreimportantthanhowyousound.B.It'snotsohardtochangethewrongimpression.C.Firstimpressionscan'tbechangedeasily.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ANewZealandhasbeenhometomanyfamousmoviesbecauseofitsbreathtakingandunreallandscapes.Fromrainforestsandfish-filledriverstomagicalcaves,NewZealandhasitall.Besideshavingthemostbeautifullandscapesonearth,NewZealandisacentreformanyexcitingsports!Whateverpurposeofyourvisittothelandis,thereiscertainlysomethingforeveryone!FiordlandNationalParkThisparkhassomeofthemostbeautifullandscapesofthecountry.Ifyouareluckyenoughtovisitthisplace,youcanexploretherainforests,thewidelakes,thehiddenislands,andtheflowingwaterfalls.Thisnationalparkisconsideredoneofthebestforhikinglovers.BayofIslandsThisbayisthemostpreferredbythetouristsforholidaydestinations.ItislocatedinthenorthofAucklandandismadeupofmorethan144islands,makingitagoodplaceforsailing.ThebeautifulBayofIslandsisoneofthemostpopularvacationdestinationsinthecountry.QueenstownQueenstownistheplaceforadventures!Itisthego-toplaceforthosewholikerockclimbingandskiing.Thiswonderfulplaceoffersnotonlyactivitiesfullofexcitementbutalsofirst-classhotels,restaurantsandeventhe“MiddleEarth”whereTheLordoftheRingswasfilmed.TongariroNationalParkThisnationalparkcanbefoundinthemiddleofNorthIsland.IthasNewZealand’slargestlakepassingrightthroughit.Itisoneoftheoldestnationalparksintheworldandluckilyithasbeenprotectedperfectly.Besidessightseeing,thenationalparkalsoincludesotheractivitiessuchascampingandhiking.1.WhatcanyoudoinFiordlandNationalPark?A.Climbthemountain. B.Gosailing. C.Goskiing. D.Exploretherainforests.2.Whichdestinationmayacampingloverchoose?A.Queenstown. B.BayofIslands.C.FiordlandNationalPark. D.TongariroNationalPark.3.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Atravelbrochure. B.Anewsreport. C.Ahealthmagazine. D.Aresearchpaper.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹新西蘭的4個旅游勝地?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FiordlandNationalPark部分“Ifyouareluckyenoughtovisitthisplace,youcanexploretherainforests,thewidelakes,thehiddenislands,andtheflowingwaterfalls.(如果你有幸參觀這個地方，你可以探索雨林、寬闊的湖泊、隱藏的島嶼和流動的瀑布)”可知，在峽灣國家公園可以探索雨林。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TongariroNationalPark部分“Besidessightseeing,thenationalparkalsoincludesotheractivitiessuchascampingandhiking.(除了觀光，國家公園還包括露營和徒步旅行等其他活動)”可知，一個露營愛好者會去湯加里羅國家公園旅游。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“NewZealandhasbeenhometomanyfamousmoviesbecauseofitsbreathtakingandunreallandscapes.Fromrainforestsandfish-filledriverstomagicalcaves,NewZealandhasitall.Besideshavingthemostbeautifullandscapesonearth,NewZealandisacentreformanyexcitingsports!Whateverpurposeofyourvisittothelandis,thereiscertainlysomethingforeveryone!(新西蘭因其令人驚嘆和虛幻的風(fēng)景而成為許多著名電影的故鄉(xiāng)。從熱帶雨林和魚類泛濫的河流到神奇的洞穴，新西蘭應(yīng)有盡有。除了擁有地球上最美麗的風(fēng)景，新西蘭還是許多令人興奮的運動的中心！無論你訪問這片土地的目的是什么，肯定有適合每個人的東西！)”可知，這篇文章主要講述新西蘭適合旅游的地方，所以應(yīng)該是選自旅游小冊子。故選A。BAccordingtoanewstudydescribedbyresearchersasaglobalbreakthrough,plantsarenotassilentasweoncethoughttheywere.Theydomakesounds,particularlywheninjuredorstressed—justnotonesthatwecanhearwithourears.Researchersrecordedandanalyzedsoundsproducedbyplantsanddiscoveredthattheycangiveoffclickingsoundsatavolumesimilartohumanspeech,buttoohighforhumanearstopickitup.Inordertosecludetheplantstoensurethatanysoundpickedupbyrecordingequipmentcouldonlybecomingfromtheplantsandnottheatmospherearoundthem,researchersatTelAvivUniversityplacedplantsinanacoustic(聲學(xué)的)boxinanenvironmentwithnobackgroundnoise.Theplanttypesusedinthisstudyweremainlytomatoandtobaccoplants.Researchersusedrecordingequipmentcapableofpickingupfrequenciesbetween20and250kilohertz,reachingmorethan15timeshigherthanthemaximumfrequencytheaverageadultcanhear.Inthegreenhousesetting,theyalsorecordedagroupoftomatoandtobaccoplantsastheygrewincreasinglydehydrated(脫水的),andfoundthattheirsoundoutpointincreasedsteadilyforthefollowingfourtofivedaysafterbeingwatered,andthendecreased.Essentially,thethirstiertheplantsgot,theloudertheycomplained—untiltheyreachedacertaincriticalstageofdehydration,atwhichpointtheirvoicesquietedastheydriedup.Theresearchersalsofoundthatdehydratedtomatoandtobaccoplantsproducedanaverageofabout35and11soundsperhour,respectively.Cuttomatoandtobaccoplantsmade25and15noisesperhour.Healthyplants,ontheotherhand,producedfarfewersounds,atlessthanoneperhour.Recordingthesesoundscouldhelpinformfarmersaboutwhichoftheircropsaremostinneedofwater,allowingformorepreciseirrigation,whichcouldbeastepforwardforagriculture.“Whenmoreandmoreareasareexposedtodroughtduetoclimatechange,efficientwaterusebecomesevenmorecriticalforfoodsecurity.Webelievethathumanscanusethisinformation,giventherighttools—suchassensorsthattellgrowerswhenplantsneedwatering,”saidLilachHadany,aprofessorfromtheSchoolofPlantSciencesandFoodSecurityattheWiseFacultyofLifeSciences.4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingparagraph1?A.Tostateresearchmethods. B.Topresentresearchfindings.C.Toclarifythepurposesoftheresearch. D.Toexplainthesignificanceoftheresearch.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seclude”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Protect. B.Develop. C.Separate. D.Discover.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheexperiment?A.Plantsmakesoundsmorefrequentlyforlackofwater.B.Cutplantsproduceloudersoundsthandehydratedones.C.Soundscomingfromplantsarehardtopickupbydevices.D.Plantsproducefewsoundsinthegreenhouseenvironment.7WhatdoesLilachHadanythinkoftheresearch?A.Itcouldhelpincreasetheproductionofcrops.B.Itcouldattractpeople’sattentiontofoodsafety.C.Itcouldbeappliedtodealwithglobalwarming.D.Itcouldbebeneficialforefficientirrigationinfarming.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。一項被研究人員稱為有全球性突破的新研究表明，植物并不像我們曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為的那樣沉默。植物也會“說話”?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Accordingtoanewstudydescribedbyresearchersasaglobalbreakthrough,plantsarenotassilentasweoncethoughttheywere.Theydomakesounds,particularlywheninjuredorstressed—justnotonesthatwecanhearwithourears.Researchersrecordedandanalyzedsoundsproducedbyplantsanddiscoveredthattheycangiveoffclickingsoundsatavolumesimilartohumanspeech,buttoohighforhumanearstopickitup.(根據(jù)一項被研究人員稱為全球突破的新研究，植物并不像我們曾經(jīng)認(rèn)為的那樣沉默。它們確實會發(fā)出聲音，尤其是在受傷或受到壓力的時候——只是這些聲音不是我們用耳朵能聽到的。研究人員記錄并分析了植物發(fā)出的聲音，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們發(fā)出的咔噠聲的音量與人類說話的音量相似，但對人類的耳朵來說太高了。)”可知，第一段旨在呈現(xiàn)研究的結(jié)果。故選B項?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Inordertosecludetheplantstoensurethatanysoundpickedupbyrecordingequipmentcouldonlybecomingfromtheplantsandnottheatmospherearoundthem,researchersatTelAvivUniversityplacedplantsinanacoustic(聲學(xué)的)boxinanenvironmentwithnobackgroundnoise.(為了將植物_____，確保錄音設(shè)備捕捉到的聲音只來自植物本身，而不是它們周圍的大氣，特拉維夫大學(xué)的研究人員將植物放在一個沒有背景噪音的聲學(xué)盒子里。)”可知，由此可推測畫線詞所在部分表示研究人員將植物“隔離”起來，separate意為“隔離”，故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Inthegreenhousesetting,theyalsorecordedagroupoftomatoandtobaccoplantsastheygrewincreasinglydehydrated(脫水的),andfoundthattheirsoundoutpointincreasedsteadilyforthefollowingfourtofivedaysafterbeingwatered,andthendecreased.Essentially,thethirstiertheplantsgot,theloudertheycomplained—untiltheyreachedacertaincriticalstageofdehydration,atwhichpointtheirvoicesquietedastheydriedup.Theresearchersalsofoundthatdehydratedtomatoandtobaccoplantsproducedanaverageofabout35and11soundsperhour,respectively.Cuttomatoandtobaccoplantsmade25and15noisesperhour.Healthyplants,ontheotherhand,producedfarfewersounds,atlessthanoneperhour.(在溫室環(huán)境中，他們還記錄了一組番茄和煙草植物在日益脫水的過程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)在澆水后的4到5天里，它們的聲音輸出點穩(wěn)步增加，然后下降。從本質(zhì)上講，植物越渴，它們的抱怨就越大聲——直到它們達(dá)到脫水的某個關(guān)鍵階段，在這個階段，它們的聲音就會隨著干枯而安靜下來。研究人員還發(fā)現(xiàn)，脫水的番茄和煙草植株每小時分別平均發(fā)出35和11種聲音。割下的番茄和煙草每小時發(fā)出25和15個聲音。另一方面，健康的植物發(fā)出的聲音要少得多，每小時不到一個。)”可知，植物會因為缺水而更頻繁地發(fā)出聲音。故選A項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Recordingthesesoundscouldhelpinformfarmersaboutwhichoftheircropsaremostinneedofwater,allowingformorepreciseirrigation,whichcouldbeastepforwardforagriculture.“Whenmoreandmoreareasareexposedtodroughtduetoclimatechange,efficientwaterusebecomesevenmorecriticalforfoodsecurity.Webelievethathumanscanusethisinformation,giventherighttools—suchassensorsthattellgrowerswhenplantsneedwatering,(記錄植物的這些聲音可以幫助農(nóng)民了解農(nóng)作物的需水情況，從而實現(xiàn)更精確的灌溉，這可能是農(nóng)業(yè)的一個進(jìn)步。LilachHadany表示，當(dāng)越來越多的地區(qū)因氣候變化而面臨干旱時，有效利用水資源對糧食安全變得更加重要。他相信只要有合適的工具——比如傳感器，告知種植者植物何時需要澆水，人類就可以利用這些信息。)”可知，LilachHadany認(rèn)為這項研究對農(nóng)業(yè)的高效灌溉大有裨益。故選D項。CWiththerapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence,DeepSeek,aChineseAIcompany,hasemergedasapioneerineducationaltechnology.Itslatestmodel,DeepSeek-R1,combinesadvancedmachinelearningmethodstoprovidepersonalizedlearningsolutionsforstudentsworldwide.UnliketraditionalAImodelsthatrelyonpre-programmedanswers,DeepSeek-R1usesreinforcementlearningtosimulatehumanreasoning.Thisallowsittoguidestudentsthroughproblem-solvingstepbystep,muchlikeapatienttutor.Forexample,whenastudentstruggleswithamathequation,DeepSeek-R1doesn’tjustgivetheanswer;itbreaksdownthelogic,identifieserrors,andencouragescriticalthinking.Themodel’sapplicationsextendbeyondacademics.Inlanguagelearning,itanalyzesstudents’pronunciationthroughAIspeechrecognitionandoffersreal-timefeedback.Forteachers,DeepSeek-R1cangeneratelessonplansalignedwithcurriculumstandardsandevenpredictstudents’learningdifficultiesbasedonhistoricaldata.Its“adaptivetesting”featurecreatescustomizedquizzesthatadjustdifficultyaccordingtoindividualprogress.However,challengesremain.Criticsarguethatover-relianceonAImightreducehumaninteractionineducation.DeepSeek’sdevelopersaddressthisbyemphasizingitsroleasa“supplement,notareplacement.”AsDr.Li,aDeepSeekresearcher,stated,“Ourgoalistofreeteachersfromrepetitivetaskssotheycanfocusoninspiringcreativity.”Lookingahead,DeepSeekaimstointegratevirtualreality(VR)intoitsplatform,allowingstudentstoexplorehistoricaleventsorscientificconceptsinimmersive3Denvironments.WhileethicaldebatesaboutAIineducationpersist,onethingisclear:toolslikeDeepSeekarereshapinghowwelearn,blendingtechnologywithhumanwisdom.8.WhatmakesDeepSeek-R1differentfromtraditionalAImodels?A.Itusespre-programmedanswers.B.Itfocusesonmemorizationtechniques.C.Itreplacesteachersinclassrooms.D.Itemploysreinforcementlearningforreasoning.9.Theunderlinedword“adaptive”inParagraph3mostlikelymeans________.A.fixed B.adjustable C.complicated D.outdated10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDeepSeek’sfutureplans?A.VRtechnologywillenhanceinteractivelearning.B.Itwilleliminateallclassroomactivities.C.Itprioritizesprofitovereducationalvalues.D.TeacherswilllosetheirjobstoAI.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvertiseDeepSeekproducts.B.TocriticizetherisksofAIinschools.C.TodiscussAI’sroleintransformingeducation.D.TocomparedifferentAImodels.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了中國人工智能公司DeepSeek推出的教育科技模型DeepSeekR1的特點、應(yīng)用、面臨的挑戰(zhàn)及未來計劃，探討了人工智能在教育變革中的作用。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“UnliketraditionalAImodelsthatrelyonpreprogrammedanswers,DeepSeekR1usesreinforcementlearningtosimulatehumanreasoning.(與依賴預(yù)編程答案的傳統(tǒng)人工智能模型不同，DeepSeekR1使用強化學(xué)習(xí)來模擬人類推理)”可知，DeepSeekR1與傳統(tǒng)人工智能模型的不同之處在于它采用強化學(xué)習(xí)進(jìn)行推理。故選D項。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Its‘a(chǎn)daptivetesting’featurecreatescustomizedquizzesthatadjustdifficultyaccordingtoindividualprogress.(它的‘……測試’功能可以根據(jù)個人進(jìn)度調(diào)整難度，創(chuàng)建定制化測驗)”可推知，這種測試可以根據(jù)個人進(jìn)度調(diào)整難度，制定定制化測驗，說明它是可調(diào)整的，是自適應(yīng)的。所以劃線詞adaptive的意思是“可調(diào)整的”，與B項“adjustable”同義。故選B項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Lookingahead,DeepSeekaimstointegratevirtualreality(VR)intoitsplatform,allowingstudentstoexplorehistoricaleventsorscientificconceptsinimmersive3Denvironments.(展望未來，DeepSeek旨在將虛擬現(xiàn)實(VR)集成到其平臺中，讓學(xué)生在沉浸式的3D環(huán)境中探索歷史事件或科學(xué)概念)”可推知，在將來，DeepSeek會集成虛擬現(xiàn)實(VR)到其平臺中，用VR技術(shù)來增強交互式學(xué)習(xí)。故選A項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Withtherapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence,DeepSeek,aChineseAIcompany,hasemergedasapioneerineducationaltechnology.(隨著人工智能的快速發(fā)展，中國人工智能公司DeepSeek已成為教育科技領(lǐng)域的先驅(qū))”和最后一段中“WhileethicaldebatesaboutAIineducationpersist,onethingisclear:toolslikeDeepSeekarereshapinghowwelearn,blendingtechnologywithhumanwisdom.(雖然關(guān)于人工智能在教育中的倫理辯論仍在繼續(xù)，但有一點很清楚：像DeepSeek這樣的工具正在重塑我們的學(xué)習(xí)方式，將技術(shù)與人類智慧相結(jié)合)”可知，本文主要討論了人工智能在教育變革中的作用。故選C項。DWhenIchallengedmyselftotravelbylow-carbonroutesduringthewritingofmybook,Iexperiencedthebestandworstofourtransportnetwork.Whenpublictransportworks,itreallyworks.Ifoundtravelingbytrainandbikemeaningful.Butevenatthistimeofclimateemergency,publictransportstillremainsanunpopularchoice.Firstofall,travelingbypublictransportisexpensiveinBritain.Besides,therearemanystrikesinthepublictransportsystem.What’smore,theaverageBritishpersonspendsaround￡3,500ayearoncarcosts.It’snowonderwepreferthedriver’sseat.However,therearemanyreasonsweshouldbeusingpublictransportmore,withonebeingthebenefitstotheenvironmenttheybring.RecentresearchshowsthatUKtrainshavehighercarbonsavingsthanpreviouslythought.FormyScottishjourney,hadItraveledasimilarroutefromLondontoEdinburghbycar,myjourney'semissionswouldsupposedlyhaveincreased10times.E-bikerental(租賃)projectshavealsoincreasedacrosstheUK,andsohascyclingingeneral,butthismodeoftransportisn'talwaysplannedfor.Alloverthecountry,bikelanesarerare.AllofthishasrevealedtomethatwhiletheUK’stransportinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ispoor,itspotentialissignificant.Weknowhowenvironmentallyfriendlyelectrifiedrailroutescanbe,butin2021-22littlemorethanamileofsuchtrackwasupgradedacrossBritain.Centrallyfundedinvestmentcouldchangethings.TherestofEuropeseemstorecognizethis.IfIwereinAustria,IcouldtravelacrossViennabypublictransportfor€laday.InGermany,Icouldorganizeamonthly€49forall-inclusiveregionalpublictransport.Closertohome,BrightonandHovehavethemostpopularbusnetworkoutsideLondon.Wemustdemandanationalizedlow-carbonnetwork.Astandardized,centrallyfundedconsistentlysupportedecosystemofpublictransportacrosstheUKcouldtrulychangeourcarbongame.12.HowmanyreasonsarementionedwhyBritishpeopleprefertravelingbycarinparagraph2?A.2 B.3 C.4 D.513.Whatistheproblemwithconductinge-bikerentalprojects?A.Highrentalfees. B.Lackofpublicinterest.C.Potentialsafetyproblems. D.Poorinfrastructure.14.WhydoestheauthormentionAustriaandGermany?A.Tocomparethecostsofpublictransport.B.TopredictthechallengesofUK’spublictransport.C.TocontrastwiththestateofUK’spublictransportation.D.ToillustratethepopularityofpublictransportinEurope15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Transformingcarbongame:TheEco-BoostonRails.B.RevolutionizingUKTransport:TheGreenRideAhead.C.EmpoweringGlobaltravelling:ALongMarchonLand.D.RevolutionizingUKCityLife:TheTechLeaponTracks.【答案】12B13.D14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了英國公共交通的現(xiàn)狀、問題以及發(fā)展?jié)摿Γ⒑粲踅⑷珖缘牡吞冀煌ňW(wǎng)絡(luò)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Firstofall,travelingbypublictransportisexpensiveinBritain.Besides,therearemanystrikesinthepublictransportsystem.What’smore,theaverageBritishpersonspendsaround￡3,500ayearoncarcosts.It’nowonderwepreferthedriver’sseat.(首先，在英國，乘坐公共交通工具出行很昂貴。此外，公共交通系統(tǒng)經(jīng)常發(fā)生罷工。更重要的是，英國人平均每年在汽車上的花費約為3500英鎊。難怪我們都喜歡坐在駕駛座上)”可知，第二段提到了英國人更喜歡開車出行的三個原因：公共交通昂貴、公共交通系統(tǒng)罷工多、養(yǎng)車成本高。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“E-bikerental(租賃)projectshavealsoincreasedacrosstheUK,andsohascyclingingeneral,butthismodeoftransportisn’talwaysplannedfor.Alloverthecountry,bikelanesarerare.(電動自行車租賃項目也在全英國增加，總的來說，騎自行車的人也在增加，但這種交通方式并不總是在規(guī)劃之中。在全國各地，自行車道都很少見)”可知，電動自行車租賃項目和騎行活動在增加，但自行車道卻很少，這表明基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不足是開展電動自行車租賃項目面臨的問題。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段“TherestofEuropeseemstorecognizethis.IfIwereinAustria,IcouldtravelacrossViennabypublictransportfor€laday.InGermany,Icouldorganizeamonthly€49forall-inclusiveregionalpublictransport.Closertohome,BrightonandHovehavethemostpopularbusnetworkoutsideLondon.(歐洲其他地區(qū)似乎認(rèn)識到了這一點。如果我在奧地利，我可以用一天1歐元的價格乘坐公共交通工具游覽維也納。在德國，我可以每月支付49歐元，享受區(qū)域公共交通全包服務(wù)。離我們更近的地方，布萊頓和霍夫擁有倫敦以外最受歡迎的公交網(wǎng)絡(luò))”可知，作者提到奧地利和德國是為了將英國的公共交通狀況與歐洲其他國家進(jìn)行對比，突出英國公共交通的不足。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenIchallengedmyselftotravelbylow-carbonroutesduringthewritingofmybook,Iexperiencedthebestandworstofourtransportnetwork.Whenpublictransportworks,itreallyworks.Ifoundtravelingbytrainandbikemeaningful.(在寫書的時候，我挑戰(zhàn)自己，選擇低碳路線出行，我體驗到了我們交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的最好和最壞的一面。當(dāng)公共交通正常運行時，它確實很有效。我發(fā)現(xiàn)乘火車和騎自行車旅行很有意義)”以及最后一段“Wemustdemandanationalizedlow-carbonnetwork.Astandardized,centrallyfundedconsistentlysupportedecosystemofpublictransportacrosstheUKcouldtrulychangeourcarbongame.(我們必須要求建立一個全國性的低碳網(wǎng)絡(luò)。一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、中央資助、持續(xù)支持的英國公共交通生態(tài)系統(tǒng)才能真正改變我們的碳格局)”可知，文章主要探討了英國公共交通的現(xiàn)狀、問題以及發(fā)展?jié)摿?，并呼吁建立全國性的低碳交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以推動英國交通的綠色轉(zhuǎn)型。因此，B項“RevolutionizingUKTransport:TheGreenRideAhead(徹底改變英國交通：未來的綠色出行)”最符合文章主旨。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項?！癉on’tjudgeabookbyitscover”,thepopularsayinggoes.“Allthatglittersisnotgold”isanother.____16____isathird.Whatdotheyhaveincommon？Theyremindusthatsomething’sappearanceshouldnotbethemostimportantthingwhendeterminingitsvalue.Themessageisthatweshouldvalueourselvesforwhoweare—acceptourshortcomingsandstopjudgingourselvesagainstourimperfections.Butit’seasiersaidthandone.Manypeoplestillfeelinsecureaboutthemselvesandtheirappearancebecauseitmaynotmeasureuptothestandardofperfection.___17___Learntoacceptpraise.___18___Don’tpushitawayorplayitdown.Andpraiseotherstoo.Ifyouthinksomeonelooksnice，orsomeonehasagoodidea，tellthem.Itcanliftthemup.____19____We’resurroundedbytheseperfectimagesofwhatitistobebeautiful.Thatcomparingonlycreates，astandardwethinkweneedtopursueandleadstofeelingsofdisappointmentifwearen'tuptothestandard.Appreciateyourbodyforwhatitcando—walking,yoga,playingsportorotherwise.Youcanbeanincrediblehumanregardlessofyourshapeorsize.Attendthegymandrealizehowstrongandcapableyourbodyis,eventhoughitmaybefat.Finallytheonlypersonwhocantrulyaffectyourbodypositivityisyou.Becomingcomfortablewithyourselfisunlikelytobeaccomplishedovernight,butdon'tgiveup.Rememberthateveryoneisinsecuresometimes.___20___Lovewhatyoulooklike.A.“Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.”B.“Finefeathersdonotmakefinebirds”C.Whensomeonesayssomethingnice,embraceitD.SotherearesomewaystohelpyoutobemorepopularE.Becertainaboutwhoyouareandwhatyouwantasaperson.F.Don’tcompareyourbodytoothers',particularlycelebrities.G.Sowhatcanapersondotoimprovetheirownbodypositivity?【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.F20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章告訴我們外貌不能決定價值，并介紹了提高自己身體積極性的四種方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文““Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover”,thepopularsayinggoes.“Allthatglittersisnotgold”isanother.（俗話說:“不要以貌取人”?！伴W光的未必都是金子”是另一句。）”以及后文“Theyremindusthatsomething’sappearanceshouldnotbethemostimportantthingwhendeterminingitsvalue.（它們提醒我們，在決定某物的價值時，外觀不應(yīng)該是最重要的因素。）”可知，劃線句仍是關(guān)于不能憑外觀決定價值的諺語。B選項““Finefeathersdonotmakefinebirds””（“人不可貌相?！保┓项}意，故選B項。17題詳解】根據(jù)結(jié)合下文提到的幾種提高的方法可知，劃線句目的是引出下文提高身體積極性的方法。G選項“Sowhatcanapersondotoimprovetheirownbodypositivity?”（那么一個人可以做些什么來提高自己身體的積極性呢?）符合題意，可以引出下文。故選G項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Learntoacceptpraise.（學(xué)會接受表揚。）”可知，本段講述的是要接受別人的夸贊。C選項“Whensomeonesayssomethingnice,embraceit”（當(dāng)有人說好話的時候，擁抱它）符合題意，故選C項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thatcomparingonlycreates，astandardwethinkweneedtopursueandleadstofeelingsofdisappointmentifwearen'tuptothestandard.（這種比較只會創(chuàng)造一個我們認(rèn)為需要追求的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如果我們達(dá)不到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，就會感到失望。）”可知，本段是講我們不能和完美身材的人作比較。F選項“Don’tcompareyourbodytoothers',particularlycelebrities.”（不要拿自己的身材和別人比較，尤其是名人。）符合題意，故選F項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Finally,theonlypersonwhocantrulyaffectyourbodypositivityisyou.（最后，唯一能真正影響你身體積極性的人是你自己。）”以及下文“Lovewhatyoulooklike.（愛你自己的樣子）”可知，我們要了解自己，并就自己想成為什么樣的人做出決定。E選項“ecertainaboutwhoyouareandwhatyouwantasaperson.”（確定你是誰，你想要什么樣的人。）符合題意，故選E項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thetrainhadbeenlongdelayed.Runningoutof____21____,Andyputdownhisbookandlookedout.Hefoundthe____22____atonce:itwasraininghard.Helaydownandfellasleepbutwassoonwokenupbyawoman.Shehandedhimhisbagand____23____thatithadslippedtothefloor.Hegratefullytookitbackandopenedit,____24____toseehismother’sscarfandsomesandwichesinside.Andy’sthoughtsdrifted(飄)towhenhewas____25____Hismotherhadinsistedonputtingherscarfin.“Ifitrains,itmaygetcold.”Herememberedfeeling____26____andhadtakenitout.Butitwasstillhere.____27____Andyrealizedhewasburningwithfever.Feelinghelpless,hecalledhismum.“Takea____28____Ihaveputinmedicine,just____29____,”shesuggested.Touchedbyhismother’s_____30_____hetookthemedicineandsoonfelldeepasleepinthe_____31_____ofthescarf.Andywokeuplaterfeelingmuchbetter.Thenhenoticedthewoman,who’d_____32_____himearlier,_____33_____holdingababyinherarms,bothshaking.Theirclothesdidlittleagainstthecoldwind.Withoutthinkingtwice,Andywrappedhismother’sscarfaroundthebaby.Tohis_____34_____,thechildsoonfellasleepintheloveofnotone,buttwo_____35_____.21.A.luck B.patience C.time D.energy22.A.train B.truth C.cause D.notice23.A.insisted B.explained C.apologized D.admitted24.A.surprised B.ready C.thankful D.expecting25.A.checking B.leaving C.planning D.packing26.A.hurt B.annoyed C.ashamed D.puzzled27.A.Lately B.Finally C.Suddenly D.Instantly28.A.look B.pill C.rest D.sandwich29.A.forsafety B.onpurpose C.incase D.byaccident30.A.calmness B.confidence C.comfort D.care31.A.warmth B.memory C.smell D.touch32.A.helped B.pleased C.disturbed D.greeted33.A.comfortably B.safely C.gently D.tightly34.A.relief B.amazement C.mind D.advantage35.A.arms B.scarfs C.passengers D.mothers【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.B27.C28.B29.C30.D31.A32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了安迪在火車晚點時，先是因母親放入行李中的圍巾和藥得到照顧，后又將圍巾送給同樣在火車上受凍的女士和嬰兒的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：火車晚點很久了，安迪失去了耐心，放下書向外望去。A.luck運氣；B.patience耐心；C.time時間；D.energy精力。根據(jù)上文“Thetrainhadbeenlongdelayed.”可知，火車長時間晚點，人在這種情況下容易失去耐心，所以安迪放下書向外張望。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他立刻找到了原因：雨下得很大。A.train火車；B.truth真相；C.cause原因；D.notice通知。根據(jù)下文“itwasraininghard”可知，這就是上文提到的火車長時間晚點的原因。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她把他的包遞給他，并解釋說包滑到了地上。A.insisted堅持；B.explained解釋；C.apologized道歉；D.admitted承認(rèn)。根據(jù)上文“Shehandedhimhisbag”和下文“thatithadslippedtothefloor”可知，女士遞包后對包的情況進(jìn)行解釋是符合邏輯的。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他感激地拿回包并打開它，驚訝地看到里面有他母親的圍巾和一些三明治。A.surprised驚訝的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.thankful感激的；D.expecting期待的。根據(jù)下文“Herememberedfeeling6andhadtakenitout.Butitwasstillhere.”可知，安迪之前把圍巾拿出來了，現(xiàn)在卻看到圍巾還在包里，所以會感到驚訝。故選A項。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：安迪的思緒飄回到他打包行李的時候。A.checking檢查；B.leaving離開；C.planning計劃；D.packing打包。根據(jù)下文“Hismotherhadinsistedonputtingherscarfin.”可知，母親堅持放圍巾是在安迪打包行李這個動作發(fā)生時的事情。故選D項