Unit4AdversityandCourageReadingandThinking課時(shí)練習(xí)（解析版）根據(jù)句意完成句子。IwassoenthusiasticabouttheideaofgoingalongwiththemthatIsecretlywentaboardhisship.【解析】短語(yǔ)beenthusiasticabout表示“對(duì)熱情”。ThesystemwillautomaticallyassignanIPaddresstoeachdevice.【解析】assign表示分配任務(wù)。Hereweofferthousandsofqualityblanketstosuitvarioustastesorourbuyers.【解析】在thousandsof后，用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。Outside,abitterwindwasaccompaniedbyheavysnow.【解析】bitter表示“寒冷的”修飾名詞wind。Thecrewfinallylandedtheplaneonthewingontherunway.【解析】thecrew為集體名詞。二、閱讀理解。Thequalityofpatiencegoesalongwaytowardyourgoalofcreatingamorepeacefulandlovingself.Themorepatientyouarethemoreacceptingyouwillbeofwhatlifeisratherthaninsistingthatlifebeexactlyasyouwouldlikeittobe.Withoutpatiencelifeisextremelyfrustrating.Youareeasilyannoyedandbothered.Patienceaddssomeeaseandacceptancetoyourlife.It'simportantforinnerpeace.Becomingmorepatientinvolvesopeningyourhearttothepresentmomentevenifyoudon'tlikeit.Ifyouarestuckinatrafficjamlateforanappointmentbeingpatientwouldmeankeepingyourselffrombuildingamentalsnowballbeforeyourthinkinggetsoutofhandandgentlyremindingyourselftorelax.Itmightalsobeagoodtimetobreatheaswellasanopportunitytoremindyourselfthatinthebiggerschemeofthingsbeinglateis"smallstuff".Patienceisaqualityofheartthatcanbegreatlyenhancedwithdeliberatepractice.AneffectivewaythatIhavefoundtodeepenmyownpatienceistocreateactualpracticeperiods-periodsoftimethatIsetupinmymindtopracticetheartofpatience.Lifeitselfbecomesaclassroomandthecurriculumispatience.Youcanstartwithaslittleasfiveminutesandbuildupyourcapacityforpatienceovertime.Whatyou'lldiscoveristrulyamazing.Yourintentiontobepatientespeciallyifyouknowit'sonlyforashortwhileimmediatelystrengthensyourcapacityforpatience.Patienceisoneofthosequalitieswheresuccessfeedsonitself.Onceyoureachlittlemilestone-fiveminutesofsuccessfulpatience-you'llbegintoseethatyoudoindeedhavethecapacitytobepatientevenforlongerperiodsoftime.Overtimeyoumayevenbecomeapatientperson.Beingpatientwillhelpyoutokeepyourperspective(洞察力).Youwillseeevenadifficultsituationsayyourpresentchallengeisn't"lifeordeath"butsimplyaminorobstaclethatmustbedealtwith.Withoutpatiencethesamescenecanbecomeamajoremergencycompletewithyellingfrustrationhurtfeelingsandhighbloodpressure.1.Inthefirstparagraphtheexpression"buildingamentalsnowball"canbebestreplacedby_____.A.imaginingabigsnowballB.awaitingaresultcalmlyC.takingadeepbreathD.losingyourpatience【答案】D【解析】句中短語(yǔ)keep...from有助于理解考點(diǎn)的意義，buildingamentalsnowball是一種暗喻，作者想表達(dá)人的情緒像滾雪球似的積聚直至失控之意，根據(jù)上下文可判斷出該表達(dá)法在此處的意義為選項(xiàng)D。本文的主題是patience，而選項(xiàng)A、B、C都與主題無(wú)關(guān)。2.It'simpliedinthesecondparagraphthat_____.A.thequalityofpatienceisveryhardtodevelopB.patienceshouldbecomeaschoolcourseC.you'llgetmorethanexpectedfrompracticingpatienceD.thequalityofpatiencewillleadyoutosuccess【答案】C【解析】從第2段最后兩句可以推斷出正確答案應(yīng)為選項(xiàng)C。選項(xiàng)A與本段第1句意思相反。本段第3句雖有提到classroom和curriculum等與學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，但它們是一種暗喻，不能因此推斷選項(xiàng)B。選項(xiàng)D最具干擾性，因?yàn)榈箶?shù)第2句有success一詞，但只要對(duì)該句理解正確，就能排除此選項(xiàng)了。3.Peoplewithoutpatiencewilltreatthechallengeas_____.A.aminorobstacleB.amatteroflifeordeathC.thesmallstuffD.agreatchance【答案】B【解析】本題考查對(duì)比處。第3段開(kāi)頭將有耐心和沒(méi)耐心的兩種人在面對(duì)困境時(shí)的態(tài)度進(jìn)行對(duì)比，可以推斷選項(xiàng)B為正確選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)同一段可發(fā)現(xiàn)其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是有耐心的人面對(duì)困境時(shí)的態(tài)度。4.Thebesttitleofthispassageshouldbe_____.A.ToBeMorePatientB.HowToPracticePatienceC.TheAdvantagesOfPatienceD.RelationshipsBetweenPatienceAndSuccess【答案】A【解析】作者通過(guò)闡明耐心的重要性，如何培養(yǎng)耐心和擁有耐心的好處來(lái)勸說(shuō)讀者要更加耐心，由此可見(jiàn)選項(xiàng)A正確。選項(xiàng)B、C和D分別只是文章三個(gè)段落的大意，而并非對(duì)全文主題的概括。三、語(yǔ)法填空。Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid1.wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths2.（early）,butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We3.（tell）thatourroomshadn’tbeenreservedforthatweek,4.fortheweekafter.Ididn’tunderstand5.thiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged6.thereservation.What’sworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas7.（surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon8.topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andweweren’tchargedextra.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach9.wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle10.（sunburn），butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidn’tmind.1.【答案】it【解析】考察代詞。在英語(yǔ)中通常使用it指代上文說(shuō)過(guò)的同一個(gè)事物，以避免重復(fù)。本句中的it就是指第一句里提及的Miami。句意：一些去過(guò)那里的朋友告訴我說(shuō)那是一個(gè)很理想的度假的地方。2.【答案】earlier【解析】本句使用比較級(jí)，雖然沒(méi)有直接出現(xiàn)than等表示比較級(jí)的詞，根據(jù)上下文可知我們?cè)缭?個(gè)月前就預(yù)定好了賓館。3.【答案】weretold【解析】本句是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)we和動(dòng)詞tell之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，根據(jù)文章第一句可知本文敘述的是我們?nèi)ツ甓燃俚氖虑?，所以使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。4.【答案】but【解析】句意：我們被告知我們的房間沒(méi)有被預(yù)定在這個(gè)星期，而是在下一個(gè)星期。本句中使用的是not…but…不是…而是…的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)連接。5.【答案】why【解析】本句是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。我不明白為什么會(huì)發(fā)生這樣的事情，而且為了這次預(yù)定我的信用卡已經(jīng)被收費(fèi)了。名詞性從句的連詞的選擇主要通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)義實(shí)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)句意說(shuō)明使用why。6.【答案】for【解析】考察固定搭配charge…for…因?yàn)椤召M(fèi)…；其中的for表示目的。我的信用卡被收費(fèi)，是因?yàn)槲翌A(yù)定了這個(gè)房間。7.【答案】surprisingly【解析】副詞surprisingly在句中做狀語(yǔ)，修飾形容詞helpful。本題要特別注意詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換，surprise可以作為名詞，也可以作為動(dòng)詞。句意：她是出人意料地樂(lè)于助人。8.【答案】the【解析】本句使用定冠詞the表示特指，特指她給了我們一個(gè)在頂樓上的VIP的套房。9.【答案】where【解析】本句是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是thebeach，后面的定語(yǔ)從句wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.的句子結(jié)構(gòu)很完整，所以要使用關(guān)系副詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，因?yàn)橄刃性~是指地點(diǎn)的名詞，所以使用where。10.【答案】sunburned/sunburnt【解析】本句考察的是過(guò)去分詞的一個(gè)特殊用法“get+過(guò)去分詞”表示被動(dòng)或者狀態(tài)。如“getpaid/burnt”獲得報(bào)酬/被燙傷。前面的alittle修飾sunburnt，指我們有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)曬傷了。讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)。WeeksbeforeThanksgivingarrived,myanxietyaboutitincreased.MyhusbandandIrecentlymadeacross-countrymovewithouryoungchildJill.Ourneighborwasanoldcouple,Mr.SmithandMrs.Smith,whowerekindandfriendly.Ournewhomewasinamess.“WeshouldstartthinkingaboutplansforThanksgiving，”Isuggested.“Don'tworryaboutit，”myhusbandsaid.“Heatupsomehotdogs,maybesomecheese,andthekidwillbehappy.”Thatsoundedgreat.Iwasinarelief!Inthepastholidays,IhadneverbeenresponsibleforcookingafullThanksgivingdinner.Myjobwasalwaystobringdrinksorasidedishtoalargegathering（itemsthathadthehighestsuccessrate）andhelpcleanupafterthemeal.ButonedaymysonJillhappilyshowednewly-createdturkeycrafts.“Let'sgoonawalkandtrytofindarockthatlooksliketurkey！”Jillshoutedtome.“Takemeonawalk,Mommy！”Theexcitementwasbuilding,andIhadafeelingthathotdogswerenotgoingtobeenoughformychildonThanksgiving.“I'mgoingtotryandprepareThanksgivingfood,Leonard，”Isaidtomyhusbandlateonenight.Heeyedmecuriously.“Yousure？”Thenhesaid.“Okay,then,ifyouthinkyoucandoit.”Isaid.“I'vegottwodaystoprepare.Thegrocerystoreisopentwenty-fourhours.I'mgoingtothestore！”Unfortunately,onlyahugeturkeyremained,soIhadnochoicebuttobuyathirty-poundturkey.EarlyThanksgivingmorning,Idragged（拖拽）thebaggedturkeyhome.Whenmyfamilysawit,theygotabigsurpriseatitssize.Seeingthesurpriseontheirfaces,Irealizedtherewasnowaywecouldfinishtheturkey.It'stoobigformyfamily.“Therewasonlyoneturkeyleftinthestore.”Iexplained.“Buthowcouldwefinishtheturkey？”IaskedmyhusbandandJill.注意：續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；Jillsaidwecouldinviteourneighbor,Mr.andMrs.Smith,tosharewithus.Soon,Mr.andMrs.Smithcametomyhousewithabigsmileontheirfaces.【參考范文】Jillsaidwecouldinviteourneighbor,Mr.andMrs.Smith,tosharewithus.Havingheardwhathesaid,myhusbandandIdidn'tsayanythingatonce,butexchangedglances.Thenwenoddedatthesametime,“Goodidea!”Whil