2025年軍隊文職招錄筆試《英語語言文學(xué)》備考模擬題及答案一、詞匯與語法（共20題，每題1分，共20分）題目1：Thenewpolicywillhaveaprofound______ontheeconomicdevelopmentoftheregion.A.affectB.effectC.affectionD.effectiveness答案：B解析：“affect”是動詞，意為“影響”；“effect”作名詞時，常見搭配“haveaneffecton”表示“對……有影響”；“affection”意為“喜愛，感情”；“effectiveness”意為“有效性”。這里需要一個名詞，所以選B。題目2：Notonly______interestedinfootballbut______beginningtoshowaninterestinit.A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsareB.theteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudentsC.istheteacherhimself;areallhisstudentsD.istheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsare答案：D解析：“notonly...but(also)...”連接兩個句子時，“notonly”后面的句子要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即把助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞提到主語前面；“but(also)”后面的句子用正常語序。所以選D。題目3：______foryourlaziness,youcouldhavefinishedtheassignmentbynow.A.HaditnotbeenB.ItwerenotC.Weren'titD.Hadnotitbeen答案：A解析：這是一個省略了“if”的虛擬語氣條件句。原句應(yīng)為“Ifithadnotbeenforyourlaziness”，省略“if”后，要把“had”提前。所以選A。題目4：Theoldmanis______honestpersonthateveryoneinthevillagelikeshim.A.soanB.suchanC.soD.such答案：B解析：“such+(a/an)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that...”和“so+形容詞+(a/an)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that...”都表示“如此……以至于……”?！癶onest”是以元音音素開頭的單詞，前面要用“an”，這里用“suchan”更合適，所以選B。題目5：Theprofessor,aswellashisstudents,______interestedinthenewresearchproject.A.isB.areC.haveD.has答案：A解析：當(dāng)主語后面跟有“aswellas”連接的成分時，謂語動詞要與前面的主語保持一致。這里前面的主語是“Theprofessor”，是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以用“is”，選A。題目6：Ican'tstand______withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses______talkingwhilesheworks.A.working;stoppingB.towork;stoppingC.working;tostopD.towork;tostop答案：C解析：“standdoingsth.”表示“忍受做某事”；“refusetodosth.”表示“拒絕做某事”。所以選C。題目7：Thebookissaid______intomanylanguages.A.totranslateB.tobetranslatedC.tohavetranslatedD.tohavebeentranslated答案：D解析：“besaidtodosth.”表示“據(jù)說做某事”。根據(jù)語境，書是已經(jīng)被翻譯成多種語言，要用完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)，即“tohavebeentranslated”，所以選D。題目8：Thereason______hewaslateis______hemissedtheearlybus.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.which;thatD.forwhich;what答案：A解析：第一個空，“thereasonwhy...”表示“……的原因”，“why”引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾先行詞“reason”；第二個空，“isthat...”是表語從句，“that”在從句中不充當(dāng)成分，只起連接作用。所以選A。題目9：______inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing答案：B解析：“belostin”表示“迷失在……”，這里用過去分詞“l(fā)ost”作狀語，表狀態(tài)。所以選B。題目10：______youhaveseenbothfighters,______willwin?A.Since;doyouthinkwhoB.As;whoyouthinkC.When;whoeverD.Since;whodoyouthink答案：D解析：“since”表示“既然”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句；“doyouthink”是插入語，在特殊疑問句中，特殊疑問詞要放在句首，所以是“whodoyouthink”。選D。題目11：Thecompanyisplanninganewmarketingcampaignto______itsmarketshare.A.expandB.extendC.enlargeD.increase答案：A解析：“expand”強調(diào)在范圍、規(guī)模等方面的擴(kuò)大，“expandmarketshare”表示“擴(kuò)大市場份額”；“extend”主要指在長度、時間等方面的延伸；“enlarge”側(cè)重于尺寸、體積等的增大；“increase”強調(diào)數(shù)量、程度等的增加。所以選A。題目12：Hehasagood______ofFrench,whichhelpshimalotinhiswork.A.commandB.controlC.masteryD.understanding答案：A解析：“haveagoodcommandof”是固定搭配，表示“精通，掌握”。所以選A。題目13：Theproblemissodifficultthat______studentscanworkitout.A.afewB.fewC.alittleD.little答案：B解析：“students”是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，“afew”表示“幾個，一些”，表肯定；“few”表示“幾乎沒有”，表否定；“alittle”和“l(fā)ittle”修飾不可數(shù)名詞。根據(jù)語境，問題很難，幾乎沒有學(xué)生能解決，所以選B。題目14：Sheisalwaysthefirst______andthelast______.A.tocome;toleaveB.coming;leavingC.tocome;leavingD.coming;toleave答案：A解析：當(dāng)名詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時，后面常用動詞不定式作后置定語。所以“thefirsttocome”和“thelasttoleave”是正確的表達(dá)，選A。題目15：Thepolicearetryingtofindoutthe______ofthewomankilledintheaccident.A.evidenceB.recognitionC.identityD.status答案：C解析：“evidence”意為“證據(jù)”；“recognition”意為“認(rèn)出，識別”；“identity”意為“身份”；“status”意為“地位，身份（側(cè)重于社會地位等）”。這里指查明事故中遇難女性的身份，所以選C。題目16：Thefilmisbasedonatruestory,which______theaudiencealot.A.movesB.touchesC.affectsD.impresses答案：B解析：“move”和“touch”都有“感動”的意思，但“touch”更強調(diào)情感上的觸動；“affect”側(cè)重于“影響”；“impress”強調(diào)“給……留下印象”。這里說電影基于真實故事，對觀眾情感上有觸動，用“touches”更合適，選B。題目17：WeshouldmakefulluseofeveryminutetoimproveourEnglish,fortime______.A.isrunoutB.isrunningoutC.hasrunoutD.hasbeenrunout答案：B解析：“runout”表示“用完，耗盡”，是不及物動詞短語，沒有被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)語境，時間正在流逝，用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時“isrunningout”合適，選B。題目18：Thegirl______areddressismysister.A.dressingB.dressedinC.wearinginD.puttingon答案：B解析：“dress”常用“bedressedin”表示“穿著……”，這里用過去分詞短語“dressedin”作后置定語修飾“thegirl”；“wear”表示“穿著”的狀態(tài)，直接說“wearareddress”；“puton”強調(diào)“穿上”的動作。所以選B。題目19：I'mlookingforwardto______fromyousoon.A.hearB.hearingC.haveheardD.behearing答案：B解析：“l(fā)ookforwardto”中的“to”是介詞，后面要接動詞的-ing形式，所以“l(fā)ookingforwardtohearingfromyou”是正確的，選B。題目20：______isknowntousall,theearthmovesaroundthesun.A.ThatB.AsC.WhichD.It答案：B解析：“as”引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，可置于句首，指代整個主句內(nèi)容；“which”引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句不能置于句首；“that”不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句；“it”不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。所以選B。二、閱讀理解（共15題，每題2分，共30分）Passage1Theconceptof“environment”iscertainlydifficultandmayevenbemisunderstood;butwehavenohandysubstitute.Itseemssimpleenoughtodistinguishbetweentheorganismandthesurroundingenvironmentandtoseparateforcesactingonanorganismintothosethatareinternalandbiologicalandthosethatareexternalandenvironmental.Butinactualpracticethissystembreaksdowninmanyways,becausetheorganismandtheenvironmentareconstantlyinteractingsothattheenvironmentismodifiedbytheorganismandviceversa(反之亦然).Inthecaseofman,thedifficultieswiththeenvironmentalconceptareevenmorecomplicatedbecausewehavetodealwithmanasananimalandwithmanasabearer(持有者)ofculture.Ifwelookatmanasananimalandtrytoanalyzetheenvironmentalforcesthatareactingontheorganism,wefindthatwehavetodealwiththingslikeclimate,soil,plants,andsuch-likefactorscommontoallbiologicalsituations;butwealsofind,always,veryimportantenvironmentalinfluencesthatwecanonlyclassas“cultural”,whichmodifythephysicalandbiologicalfactors.Butman,asweknowhim,isalwaysabearerofculture;andifwestudyhumanculture,wefindthatit,inturn,ismodifiedbytheenvironmentalfactorsofclimateandgeography.Wethuseasilygetintogreatdifficultiesfromthenecessityofviewingculture,atonemoment,asapartofthemanand,atanothermoment,asapartoftheenvironment.題目21：Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethepopularunderstandingof“environment”astheauthorseesit?A.Elaborate.B.Prejudiced.C.Faulty.D.Oversimplified.答案：D解析：文章第一段提到“Itseemssimpleenoughtodistinguishbetweentheorganismandthesurroundingenvironment...Butinactualpracticethissystembreaksdowninmanyways”，說明人們對“環(huán)境”的普遍理解過于簡單，實際上存在很多問題。所以選D。題目22：Accordingtotheauthortheconceptof“environment”isdifficulttoexplainbecause______.A.itdoesn'tdistinguishbetweentheorganismandtheenvironmentB.itinvolvesbothinternalandexternalforcesC.theorganismandtheenvironmentinfluenceeachotherD.therelationshipbetweentheorganismandtheenvironmentisunclear答案：C解析：第一段最后一句“theorganismandtheenvironmentareconstantlyinteractingsothattheenvironmentismodifiedbytheorganismandviceversa”表明，生物和環(huán)境不斷相互作用，這使得“環(huán)境”的概念難以解釋。所以選C。題目23：Inanalyzingtheenvironmentalforcesactingonmantheauthorsuggeststhat______.A.biologicalfactorsarelessimportanttotheorganismthanculturalfactorsB.manandotheranimalsaremodifiedequallybytheenvironmentalforcesC.manismodifiedbytheculturalenvironmentaswellasbythenaturalenvironmentD.physicalandbiologicalfactorsexertmoreinfluenceonotherorganismsthanonman答案：C解析：第二段提到“wefindthatwehavetodealwiththingslikeclimate,soil,plants...butwealsofind...‘cultural’,whichmodifythephysicalandbiologicalfactors”，說明人類既受到自然環(huán)境的影響，也受到文化環(huán)境的影響。所以選C。題目24：Asforculture,theauthorpointsoutthat______.A.itdevelopssidebysidewithenvironmentalfactorsB.itisalsoaffectedbyenvironmentalfactorsC.itisgenerallyacceptedtobepartoftheenvironmentD.itisaproductofman'sbiologicalinstincts答案：B解析：第二段最后一句“ifwestudyhumanculture,wefindthatit,inturn,ismodifiedbytheenvironmentalfactorsofclimateandgeography”表明，文化也受到環(huán)境因素的影響。所以選B。題目25：Inthispassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith______.A.theinterpretationoftheterm“environment”B.thediscussiononorganismsandbiologicalenvironmentC.thecomparisonbetweeninternalandexternalfactorsinfluencingmanD.theevaluationofman'sinfluenceonculture答案：A解析：文章開篇指出“環(huán)境”的概念難以理解且可能被誤解，接著闡述了原因，包括生物和環(huán)境的相互作用以及人類文化與環(huán)境的關(guān)系等，主要是圍繞“環(huán)境”這一術(shù)語的解釋展開的。所以選A。Passage2TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.Usuallytheyaremixedtogetherandcan'tbetoldfromoneanother.Butmanyofthemstilltalkaboutwheretheirancestorscamefrom.Itissomethingtheyareproudof.TheoriginalAmericans,ofcourse,weretheIndians.Theso-calledwhitemenwhothencameweremostlyfromEngland.ButmanycamefromothercountrieslikeGermanyandFrance.OneproblemtheUnitedStateshasalwayshadisdiscrimination.AsnewgroupscametotheUnitedStatestheyfoundtheywerediscriminatedagainst.FirstitwastheIrishandItalians.Lateritwastheblacks.Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletofinallyescapethisdiscrimination.Theonlyimmigrantswhohavenotaretheblacks.SurprisinglyenoughtheworstdiscriminationtodayisshowntowardstheIndians.OnereasontheIndiansarediscriminatedagainstisthattheyhavetriedsohardtokeeptheiridentity.Ofcoursetheyarenottheonlyoneswhohavedoneso.TheJapanesehavetheirLittleTokyoinLosAngelesandtheChinesehaveaChinatowninNewYork.TheDutchsettlementinPennsylvaniaalsostaysseparatefromotherpeople.Theirtownsarelikesomethingfromthe19thcentury.Theyhaveadifferentreasonfromtheothergroupsforstayingseparately.Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasonsratherthankeeptogetherinaracialgroup.Althoughsomegroupshavekeptthemselvesseparateandothershavebeendiscriminatedagainst,allgroupshavehelpedmaketheUnitedStatesagreatcountry.Thereisnogroupthathasnothelpedinsomeway.Andthereisnogroupthatcansaytheyhavedonethemosttomakeitagreatcountry.ManypeoplestillcomefromothercountriestohelptheUnitedStatesgrow.AgoodexampleistheAmericanprojectthatletamanwalkonthemoon.ItwasascientistfromGermanywhowasmostresponsiblefordoingthat.ItiscertainthatinthefuturetheUnitedStateswillstillneedthehelpofpeoplefromallracialgroupstoremainagreatcountry.題目26：Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbestdescribethemainideaofthispassage?A.TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.B.DiscriminationisaproblemtheUnitedStateshastodealwith.C.AllracesintheUnitedStateshavehelpedmakethecountrygreat.D.TheUnitedStatesisagreatcountrythankstothehelpofpeoplefromallracialgroups.答案：C解析：文章前半部分提到美國是一個多民族國家以及存在的歧視問題，后半部分強調(diào)雖然存在這些情況，但所有種族都為美國成為一個偉大的國家做出了貢獻(xiàn)。選項C能準(zhǔn)確概括文章的主要內(nèi)容。所以選C。題目27：Inthefirstparagraphtheword“told”means______.A.separatedB.distinguishedC.revealedD.madeknown答案：B解析：“can'tbetoldfromoneanother”意思是“不能彼此區(qū)分”，“distinguish”有“區(qū)分，辨別”的意思，與“told”在這里的意思相符。所以選B。題目28：Thispassageimpliesthatdiscriminationisaproblemwhich______.A.manyracesintheUnitedStateshaveexperiencedB.willstillbeveryseriousintheUnitedStatesinthefutureC.hasalreadybeensolvedintheUnitedStatesD.isstronglyopposedbymanydifferentracesintheUnitedStates答案：A解析：文章提到“FirstitwastheIrishandItalians.Lateritwastheblacks.Almosteverygrouphasbeenabletofinallyescapethisdiscrimination”，說明美國很多種族都經(jīng)歷過歧視問題。所以選A。題目29：TheDutchliveseparatelyinPennsylvania______.A.toescapediscriminationB.tokeeptogetherinaracialgroupC.toenjoythemselvesintheirowntownsD.forreligiousreasons答案：D解析：第四段提到“Theirtownsarelikesomethingfromthe19thcentury.Theyhaveadifferentreasonfromtheothergroupsforstayingseparately.Theyliveseparatelyforreligiousreasonsratherthankeeptogetherinaracialgroup”，說明荷蘭人在賓夕法尼亞州分開居住是出于宗教原因。所以選D。題目30：Thepassagesuggeststhat______.A.allracesintheUnitedStateshavehadthesamechancetodevelopB.allracesintheUnitedStatesareequalbeforethelawC.thewhitemenwerethefirsttosettleintheUnitedStatesD.theUnitedStatesisstillacountryofmanyraces答案：D解析：文章開頭就指出“TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces”，且后面也不斷提到各個種族的情況，說明美國仍然是一個多民族國家。所以選D。Passage3Literatureisaformofhumanexpression.Butnoteverythingexpressedinwords-evenwhenorganizedandwrittendown-iscountedasliterature.Thosewritingsthatareprimarilyinformative-scientific,technical,scholarly-arenotusuallyregardedasliterature.Literatureisdefinedasimaginativewriting,especiallyfiction,drama,andpoetry.Itmaybeclassifiedaccordingtoavarietyofsystems,includinglanguage,nationalorigin,historicalperiod,genre(體裁),andsubjectmatter.Theconceptofliteraturehaschangedovertime.InWesternEuropeduringtheMiddleAges,anysortofwrittenworkwasconsideredliterature.Inthe18thcentury,however,thetermcametorefermorespecificallytoworksoftheimagination.Inthe19thcentury,itwasoftenusedtorefertoallwrittenworksofhighquality.Today,thedefinitionofliteratureisoftenrestrictedtoimaginativeworks.Themajorliterarygenresarefiction,drama,andpoetry.Fictionisnarrativeliteraturecreatedfromtheimagination.Itincludesnovels,shortstories,andnovellas.Dramaisliteratureintendedforperformanceonthestage.Itincludesplays,bothtragediesandcomedies.Poetryisaformofliteraturethatusesrhythm,rhyme,andimagerytoexpressemotionsandideas.Itcanbedividedintovarioustypes,suchaslyricpoetry,epicpoetry,anddramaticpoetry.Literaturealsohasdifferentfunctions.Itcanprovideentertainment,allowingreaderstoescapefromtheirdailylivesandenterimaginaryworlds.Itcanalsobeeducational,teachingreadersaboutdifferentcultures,historicalperiods,andhumannature.Additionally,literaturecanbeameansofsocialandpoliticalcriticism,reflectingtheissuesandproblemsofsociety.題目31：Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTusuallyconsideredliterature?A.Scientificwritings.B.Novels.C.Plays.D.Poetry.答案：A解析：文章第一段提到“Thosewritingsthatareprimarilyinformative-scientific,technical,scholarly-arenotusuallyregardedasliterature”，說明科學(xué)類寫作通常不被視為文學(xué)。而“novels”屬于小說，“plays”屬于戲劇，“poetry”屬于詩歌，都屬于文學(xué)范疇。所以選A。題目32：Theconceptofliteraturehas______overtime.A.remainedunchangedB.becomemorespecificC.becomemoregeneralD.lostitsmeaning答案：B解析：文章第二段提到“DuringtheMiddleAges,anysortofwrittenworkwasconsideredliterature.Inthe18thcentury,thetermcametorefermorespecificallytoworksoftheimagination.Inthe19thcentury,itwasoftenusedtorefertoallwrittenworksofhighquality.Today,thedefinitionofliteratureisoftenrestrictedtoimaginativeworks”，說明文學(xué)的概念隨著時間推移變得更加具體。所以選B。題目33：Whichofthefollowingisanexampleoffiction?A.Alyricpoem.B.Atragedyplay.C.Ashortstory.D.Anepicpoem.答案：C解析：文章第三段提到“Fictionisnarrativeliteraturecreatedfromtheimagination.Itincludesnovels,shortstories,andnovellas”，所以“ashortstory”屬于小說類?！癆lyricpoem”屬于詩歌，“Atragedyplay”屬于戲劇，“Anepicpoem”屬于詩歌。所以選C。題目34：Oneofthefunctionsofliteratureisto______.A.helpreadersforgettheirdailyproblemsB.makereadersmoreimaginativeC.teachreadershowtowriteD.promotesocialandpoliticalchange答案：A解析：文章第四段提到“Itcanprovideentertainment,allowingreaderstoescapefromtheirdailylivesandenterimaginaryworlds”，說明文學(xué)的一個功能是讓讀者忘記日常生活中的問題，進(jìn)入想象世界。所以選A。題目35：Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.thedefinition,development,genres,andfunctionsofliteratureB.thedifferencesbetweenliteratureandotherformsofwritingC.theimportanceofliteratureinsocietyD.thevarioustypesofliterature答案：A解析：文章分別闡述了文學(xué)的定義、隨著時間的發(fā)展變化、主要體裁以及功能等方面的內(nèi)容。選項A能全面概括文章的主要內(nèi)容。所以選A。三、翻譯（共2題，每題15分，共30分）題目36：將下列中文段落翻譯成英文。中國文學(xué)歷史悠久，博大精深。從古老的《詩經(jīng)》《楚辭》到唐詩、宋詞、元曲，再到明清小說，每個時期都有其獨特的文學(xué)成就。這些文學(xué)作品不僅反映了當(dāng)時的社會生活和人們的思想情感，也展現(xiàn)了中華民族的智慧和創(chuàng)造力。它們是中華文化寶庫中的璀璨明珠，對世界文學(xué)的發(fā)展也產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。答案：Chineseliteraturehasalong-standingandprofoundhistory.FromtheancientBookofSongsandSongsofChu,tothepoemsoftheTangDynasty,theci-poemsoftheSongDynasty,thequ-poemsoftheYuanDynasty,andthentothenovelsoftheMingandQingDynasties,eachperiodhasitsuniqueliteraryachievements.Theseliteraryworksnotonlyreflectthesociallifeandpeople'sthoughtsandemotionsofthattime,butalsodemonstratethewisdomandcreativityoftheChinesenation.Theyarethebrightpearlsinthetreasure-houseofChinesecultureandhavealsohadaprofoundimpactonthedevelopmentofworldliterature.題目37：將下列英文段落翻譯成中文。ShakespeareiswidelyregardedasthegreatestplaywrightandpoetintheEnglishlanguage.Hisworks,includingplayslikeRomeoandJuliet,Hamlet,andMacbeth,areknownfortheirprofoundinsightsintohumannature,complexcharacters,andbeautifullanguage.Shakespeare'splayshavebeenperformedallovertheworldforcenturies,andtheycontinuetoberelevantandpopulartoday.Hisinfluenceonliterature,theater,andtheEnglishlanguageisimmeasurable.答案：莎士比亞被廣泛認(rèn)為是英語世界最偉大的劇作家和詩人。他的作品，包括《羅密歐與朱麗葉》《哈姆雷特》和《麥克白》等戲劇，以其對人性的深刻洞察、復(fù)雜的人物形象和優(yōu)美的語言而聞名。幾個世紀(jì)以來，莎士比亞的戲劇在世界各地上演，并且在今天仍然具有現(xiàn)實意義和廣泛的受眾。他對文學(xué)、戲劇和英語語言的影響是不可估量的。四、文學(xué)知識（共10題，每題2分，共20分）題目38：WhichofthefollowingisaworkbyGeoffreyChaucer?A.BeowulfB.TheCanterburyTalesC.ParadiseLostD.DonQuixote答案：B解析：杰弗里·喬叟（GeoffreyChaucer）的代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》（TheCanterburyTales）?！敦悐W武夫》（Beowulf）是英國古代史詩；《失樂園》（ParadiseLost）是約翰·彌爾頓（JohnMilton）的作品；《堂吉訶德》（DonQuixote）是塞萬提斯（MigueldeCervantes）的作品。所以選B。題目39：JohnKeatsisfamousforhis______.A.sonnetsB.odesC.balladsD.satires答案：B解析：約翰·濟(jì)慈（JohnKeats）以他的頌歌（odes）而聞名，如《夜鶯頌》（OdetoaNightingale）、《希臘古甕頌》（OdeonaGrecianUrn）等。所以選B。題目40：TheauthorofPrideandPrejudiceis______.A.JaneAustenB.CharlotteBront?C.EmilyBront?D.GeorgeEliot答案：A解析：《傲慢與偏見》（PrideandPrejudice）的作者是簡·奧斯?。↗aneAusten）?！逗啞邸罚↗aneEyre）的作者是夏洛蒂·勃朗特（CharlotteBront?）；《呼嘯山莊》（WutheringHeights）的作者是艾米莉·勃朗特（EmilyBront?）；喬治·艾略特（GeorgeEliot）是瑪麗·安·埃文斯（MaryAnnEv